精品解析：河北省承德市五校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

2026届高三年级上学期10月联考 英语试题 本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What has the man been doing? A. Preparing for tests. B. Practicing driving. C. Planning for his vacation. 2. What is the woman asking the man to do? A. Speak gently. B. Get home early. C. Care for the children. 3. How will the man probably feel if walking over the glass bridge? A. Excited. B. Curious. C. Fearful. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a hotel. B. At an airport. C. At a supermarket. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. relatives. C. Coworkers. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny. 7. Where did the man get the weather information? A. On the TV. B. On the radio. C. On the Internet. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When is the meeting to be held after rearrangement? A. At 9 am. B. At 12:30 pm. C. At 1 pm. 9. Why does the man require changing the meeting time? A. He hasn’t finished his report. B. He has a problem with the place. C. He has another meeting to attend. 10 How will Steven get informed of the change? A. From the man. B. By phone call. C. By email. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the woman ask for a day’s leave? A. She’ll see a doctor. B. She has to finish her book. C. She has a mid-term exam. 12. Which chapter can the woman skip in the book? A. Chapter 17. B. Chapter 18. C. Chapter 20. 13. What should the woman bring to the office? A A medical record. B. The practice test. C. A notebook. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What happened to the man’s luggage? A. It got lost on the way. B. It was delayed at the airport. C. It was left in the luggage office. 15. What items are included in the emergency kits? A. Socks. B. Presentation materials. C. Business suits. 16. When will the man’s flight leave? A. At 6:00 am. B. At 6:30 am. C. At 10:00 am. 17. What special request does the man make? A. A pressing service for clothing. B. Wake-up service at 5:30 am. C. A delivery by a staff member. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is today’s main task? A. Collecting small branches. B. Handling the big fallen trees. C. Repairing damaged benches. 19. What improvement will be made during this summer? A. Offering lemonade and cookies. B. Creating a butterfly habitat. C. Planting some new trees. 20. What items will be provided for the restoring project? A. Old clothes. B. Work gloves. C. Shoes. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A【高考仿真题】 The World Cup has come to an end. Let’s review some facts about the hi-tech turf (草皮) that Qatar had spent much of its energy on. Qatar, a desert nation, has three main challenges: water, air, and light. Almost every natural factor is against it. The water used to irrigate the grass is of low quality, mainly treated seawater. Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade — great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用). Inside the nearly-closed stadiums, there’s very little air movement. Qatar identified pitch (球场) quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sports Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as for its tolerance of the tough conditions Qatar faces. The following pictures show some tech facts about the turf, which ensure a consistent and durable surface for the players in all weather conditions. 1. Which was one of the main challenges in building high-quality pitch in Qatar? A. Sandstorms. B. Improper seawater. C. Dry air. D. Extreme changes in temperature. 2. Why was Atlas Turf’s grass chosen for the pitch? A. It has the longest survival time. B. It is adaptable to the condition. C. It needs artificial threads. D. It is the cheapest in the world. 3. What can be learned about the turf? A. It can recover quickly from damage. B. Artificial grass covers 70 percent of the pitch. C. Water can be saved at the bottom of the pitch. D. 24 types of grass have been planted on the pitch. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卡塔尔在举办世界杯时，为打造高质量球场草皮所面临的挑战及采取的解决方案。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Qatar, a desert nation, has three main challenges: water, air, and light. Almost every natural factor is against it. The water used to irrigate the grass is of low quality, mainly treated seawater.(卡塔尔是一个沙漠国家，面临三大挑战：水、空气和光照。几乎每一个自然因素都对它不利。用来灌溉草皮水质量很低，主要是经过处理的海水。)”可知，在卡塔尔建造高质量球场的主要挑战之一是使用不合适的海水来灌溉草皮。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Qatar identified pitch quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sports Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as for its tolerance of the tough conditions Qatar faces.(卡塔尔将球场质量视为一个特别问题，并成立了Aspire运动草皮研发中心，以寻找适合在这种恶劣气候下使用的最佳草皮类型，测试了24种不同的品种。最终，Atlas Turf的草皮因其外观和能够耐受卡塔尔面临的恶劣条件而被选中。)”可知，Atlas Turf的草皮能够适应卡塔尔的恶劣条件。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据图中的文字“Artificial threads: They are sewn 18 centimeters deep into the natural turf, which enables faster recovery of the turf.(人工线：在天然草皮上缝18厘米深，可以更快地恢复草皮。)”可知，草皮的损坏可以很快恢复。故选A。 B When Leonardo da Vinci wasn’t painting masterpieces or dreaming up flying machines, he was exploring the secrets of gravity. Considering himself a scientist and artist, this Renaissance thinker spent untold hours studying how the “attraction of one object to another” affected phenomena like the flight of birds and the fall of water. Recent research published in the journal Leonardo reveals that Leonardo conducted detailed gravity experiments over a century before Galileo and two centuries prior to Newton. “His thinking was far ahead of his time,” said co-author Dr Morteza Gharib. The study highlights Leonardo’s determination to find the law governing the dynamics of falling objects. Dr Gharib said he discovered the experiments while examining an online version of the Codex Arundel, a collection of Leonardo’s notes from 1480 to 1518. Among its mirror-written texts, a drawing on page 143 caught his eye: a triangle (三角形) formed by circles pouring from a pot. He used a computer program to flip (翻转) the triangle and the nearby mirror writing. Suddenly, the image came to life. “I could see motion,” Dr Gharib recalled. “I could see him pouring stuff out.” It was a eureka moment that revealed Leonardo’s forward-looking experiment. Gazing at Leonardo’s drawing, Dr Gharib realized that the artist had separated gravity’s effects into two components, revealing a normally hidden aspect of nature. Inspired by hail (冰雹) falling from fast-moving clouds, Leonardo demonstrated through his drawing how gravity’s constant force causes a steady speed gain — shown by the increasing gaps between falling objects as the pot moves. Despite his basic experimental setup more than 500 years ago, Leonardo calculated the constant to an accuracy within 10 percent of the modern value. “It’s incredible,” Dr Gharib said. “That’s the beauty of what Leonardo does.” However, Dr Gharib hesitated to examine the Codex Arundel further. “I’m like a kid in a toy store, afraid to even look at it,” he said. He noted that while art historians had studied it, scientists had not. “It’s an open book with so much to discover.” 4. What does the underlined phrase “a eureka moment” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The moment of pouring stuff out. B. The time of finding the secret in the drawing. C. The moment of discovering the mirror-written texts. D. The time of realizing the triangle’s function in the drawing. 5. How did Leonardo demonstrate the effect of gravity’s constant force in his drawing? A. By sketching birds flying in a triangular pattern. B. By showing water pouring from a moving pot. C. By recording the speed and track of hail. D. By illustrating increasing gaps between falling objects. 6. Why does Dr Gharib think Leonardo’s works incredible? A. Leonardo’s notes were mirror-written. B. Leonardo’s experiments used advanced technology. C. Leonardo painted masterpieces while studying science. D. Leonardo achieved scientific accuracy centuries before other scientists. 7. What is Dr Gharib’s attitude toward the Codex Arundel? A. Admiring. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Objective. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇在科学方面的探索，尤其是他对重力的研究，他比伽利略早一个多世纪、比牛顿早两个多世纪就进行了详细的重力实验。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“He used a computer program to flip (翻转) the triangle and the nearby mirror writing. Suddenly, the image came to life. “I could see motion,” Dr Gharib recalled. “I could see him pouring stuff out.”(他使用了一个电脑程序来翻转这个三角形和附近的镜像文字。突然，画面变得生动起来。“我能看到运动，”加里布博士回忆道。“我能看到他在倒东西。”)”可知，加里布博士通过翻转三角形和镜像文字，发现了画中的秘密，即列奥纳多·达·芬奇进行的重力实验，所以“a eureka moment”指的是“在画中发现秘密的时刻”。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Inspired by hail falling from fast-moving clouds, Leonardo demonstrated through his drawing how gravity’s constant force causes a steady speed gain — shown by the increasing gaps between falling objects as the pot moves.(受从快速移动的云层中落下的冰雹的启发，列奥纳多·达·芬奇通过他的画展示了重力的恒定力如何导致速度的稳定增加——这可以通过壶移动时下落物体之间不断增加的间隙来显示。)”可知，列奥纳多·达·芬奇通过说明下落物体之间不断增加的间隙来展示重力恒定力的作用。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Recent research published in the journal Leonardo reveals that Leonardo conducted detailed gravity experiments over a century before Galileo and two centuries prior to Newton.(最近发表在《列奥纳多》杂志上的研究显示，列奥纳多·达·芬奇在伽利略之前一个多世纪、在牛顿之前两个多世纪就进行了详细的重力实验。)”和倒数第二段 “Despite his basic experimental setup more than 500 years ago, Leonardo calculated the constant to an accuracy within 10 percent of the modern value. “It’s incredible,” Dr Gharib said. “That’s the beauty of what Leonardo does.”(尽管500多年前他的实验装置很简单，但列奥纳多·达·芬奇计算出的常数与现代值的误差在10%以内。“这太不可思议了，”加里布博士说。“这就是列奥纳多·达·芬奇作品的魅力所在。”)”可知，加里布博士认为列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品令人难以置信是因为列奥纳多·达·芬奇在其他科学家之前几个世纪就达到了科学准确性。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, Dr Gharib hesitated to examine the Codex Arundel further. “I’m like a kid in a toy store, afraid to even look at it,” he said. He noted that while art historians had studied it, scientists had not. “It’s an open book with so much to discover.”(然而，加里布博士对进一步研究《阿伦德尔手稿》犹豫不决。“我就像一个玩具店里的孩子，甚至不敢看它，”他说。他指出，虽然艺术史学家已经研究过它，但科学家还没有。“这是一本还有很多要发现的开放的书。”)”可知，加里布博士认为《阿伦德尔手稿》是一本还有很多要发现的开放的书，他对它持赞赏的态度。故选A。 C What makes us care about others? Scientists studying empathy (同理心) have found that people are more likely to choose to empathize with groups rather than individuals, even though they find empathizing equally difficult and uncomfortable in both cases. The researchers defined empathy as understanding, feeling, and sharing in another’s world, while maintaining the understanding that it’s not the same as your world. Empathy can come at a price, whether it’s time, money, or emotion: Feeling others’ pain tends to be painful. They wanted to learn whether people were more likely to choose to pay this price when they were dealing with individuals or with groups. To investigate this, the researchers recruited 296 participants to take part in an experiment called the Empathy Selection Task, which invites participants to choose between two decks of cards, one of which will ask them to empathize and one of which will ask them to remain objective. Their willingness to empathize is measured by how often they choose the empathy deck. Each participant underwent a two-block test—one block of pictures of individuals and one of groups. Each block had 20 different stock photos describing a diverse range of people, with (as far as possible) neutral (中性的) facial expressions and plain backgrounds. Participants were given the two decks and asked to choose a card from one of them. Then they were given a picture to react to, writing down three keywords that described either the feelings of the people in the images or their external appearance. After each block, participants were asked questions which aimed to understand their experience of performing the tasks. The scientists found that participants chose to avoid empathizing more often during the block of individual pictures, choosing to empathize 34% of the time on average. However, during the block of group pictures, they chose to empathize 53% of the time. Even though they found empathizing harder and more distressing than staying objective, participants chose to pay that price more often during the test of group images. Participants rated their own effectiveness in empathizing with groups higher: This could have boosted their confidence and encouraged them to empathize. 8. What is indicated about empathy according to the research? A. It is always a pleasant experience. B. It is easy for everyone to develop. C. It can be uncomfortable and costly. D. It just applies to individuals instead of groups. 9. What is the purpose of using neutral-expression photos in the experiment? A. To avoid emotional influence. B. To arouse participants’ curiosity. C. To make participants focus on appearance. D. To test participants’ ability to recognize emotions. 10. What did empathizing with groups bring about? A. The development of a sense of belonging. B. The possibility of remaining objective. C. A decrease in the sense of guilt. D An increase in confidence. 11. Which section of a newspaper is the text taken from? A. Education. B. Psychology. C. Personal growth. D. Mental health. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对同理心的研究，研究发现人们更愿意对群体而非个人产生同理心，尽管在两种情况下产生同理心都同样困难和令人不适。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Empathy can come at a price, whether it’s time, money, or emotion: Feeling others’ pain tends to be painful.(同理心是有代价的，无论是时间、金钱还是情感：感受他人的痛苦往往会带来痛苦。)”可知，同理心可能会让人不舒服。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Each block had 20 different stock photos describing a diverse range of people, with (as far as possible) neutral facial expressions and plain backgrounds.(每个模块都有20张不同的图库照片，描述了各种各样的人，面部表情（尽可能）中性，背景简单。)”可知，使用中性表情照片是为了避免情感影响，使实验结果更准确。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Participants rated their own effectiveness in empathizing with groups higher: This could have boosted their confidence and encouraged them to empathize.(参与者对自己与群体产生同理心的效果评价更高：这可能增强了他们的信心，并鼓励他们产生同理心。)”可知，对群体产生同理心会增强自信心。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家对同理心的研究，属于心理学范畴，因此这篇文章可能是从报纸的心理学部分摘录的。故选B。 D When someone is using antipsychotic drugs (抗精神病药物), it is vitally important that they take the correct amount, and that they don’t suddenly stop taking the medication. Soon, a fingerprint sweat test could be used to check that such people are following instructions. Currently, blood tests are required to detect which antipsychotics are being taken, and in what amounts. Needless to say, these tests are painful for patients. Seeking a quicker and less unpleasant alternative, scientists at Britain’s University of Surrey recently looked to the sweat from our fingertips. Previous studies have shown that certain other drugs can be detected in fingertip sweat samples, which unlike blood samples can be stored and transported at room temperature. They can also be obtained by laypeople (非专业人员), not just by trained clinicians. For the new study, 60 patients who were taking clozapine, quetiapine or olanzapine antipsychotics were recruited, along with 30 people who weren’t taking any such drugs. Both before and after washing their hands, each person pressed their fingertips against a piece of paper for 30 seconds. The sweat that was absorbed by that paper was subsequently analyzed. It was found that all of the drugs could be detected in the samples. In the case of clozapine, it was even possible to match drug levels in the sweat to those measured in the bloodstream via conventional testing. It is hoped that with additional research, the same could be true of the other drugs. “We are currently exploring methods to quantify the level of drugs in a fingerprint and the ideal sampling time,” said Prof. Melanie Bailey, corresponding author of the study. “We are also very interested to see whether fingerprints can be used to diagnose disease for example from the metabolites (代谢物) that are deposited in a fingerprint sample.” 12. What is implied about current blood tests? A. They yield uncertain results. B. They cause discomfort in patients. C. They require little professional training. D. They are rarely used in disease detection. 13. What can be inferred about fingertip sweat sampling? A. It simplifies sample collection. B. It removes laboratory needs. C. It provides real-time analysis. D. It replaces expensive treatment plans. 14. What does the last paragraph suggest about future research? A. Fingerprints may reveal disease clues. B. Sweat testing may soon be replaced. C. Antipsychotics will be fully quantified. D. Blood sampling will be revived. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Blood tests remain the most reliable. B. Fingerprints help trace illegal drugs. C. A painless method can track drug use. D. Drug misuse causes serious side effects. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍抗精神病药物服用需遵剂量，当前血检痛苦，英国科学家研究出指纹汗液检测法，无痛且易操作，未来还可能用于疾病诊断。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Currently, blood tests are required to detect which antipsychotics are being taken, and in what amounts. Needless to say, these tests are painful for patients.(目前，需要进行血液检测来确定患者正在服用何种抗精神病药物以及服用的剂量。毋庸置疑，这些检测过程对患者来说是十分痛苦的)”可知，当前的血液检测会给患者带来不适。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Previous studies have shown that certain other drugs can be detected in fingertip sweat samples, which unlike blood samples can be stored and transported at room temperature. They can also be obtained by laypeople (非专业人员), not just by trained clinicians.(先前的研究表明，某些其他药物能够在指尖汗液样本中被检测出来。与血液样本不同，这些汗液样本可以在室温下保存和运输。而且，这些样本也可以由非专业人员获取，而不仅仅是由经过培训的临床医生获取)”可知，指尖汗液采集简化了样本采集过程。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““We are currently exploring methods to quantify the level of drugs in a fingerprint and the ideal sampling time,” said Prof. Melanie Bailey, corresponding author of the study. “We are also very interested to see whether fingerprints can be used to diagnose disease for example from the metabolites (代谢物) that are deposited in a fingerprint sample.”(该研究的通讯作者梅兰妮·贝利教授表示：“我们目前正探索如何量化指纹中药物的含量以及理想的采样时间。我们还非常有兴趣研究指纹是否能够用于疾病诊断，例如通过指纹样本中沉积的代谢物来进行诊断。”)”可知，未来研究中指纹可能揭示疾病线索。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Seeking a quicker and less unpleasant alternative, scientists at Britain’s University of Surrey recently looked to the sweat from our fingertips.(为了寻找一种更快捷且不那么令人不适的替代方法，英国萨里大学的科学家们最近将目光转向了我们手指上的汗液)”结合文章介绍抗精神病药物服用需遵剂量，当前血检痛苦，英国科学家研究出指纹汗液检测法，无痛且易操作，未来还可能用于疾病诊断。可知，这篇文章的主旨是有一种无痛的方法可以追踪药物使用情况。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I was looking out of my window when I saw them — dozens of caterpillars (毛毛虫) crawling all over a lovely green plant in my garden. ____16____ In just a few days, only thin, weak stems remained. Finally, they turned into butterflies and flew off. I felt like a farmer whose field had been destroyed by pests. ____17____ Insect populations are declining globally at a rate of 1% to 2% each year. This is a huge problem, and any help is valuable. Many people are now “planting for helpers”. A recent survey found that a significant number of people are buying plants to support wildlife. This provides bees, butterflies and other flying insects with food from native wildflowers. But what about planting for plant-eaters? Should we plant things hoping they will get eaten? I asked some experts. Mathew, an ecologist, says that insects that eat plants shouldn’t be called pests — they’re just plant-eaters. “My garden is primarily for insects,” he says. One plant that gardeners should consider growing for insects is milkweed. ____18____ Insects face many threats, like chemicals used to kill them on farms. ____19____ “We’re talking about small animals, so small areas do help,” says conservation biologist Sarah Shepherd. Studies show that simple decisions by gardeners can affect insect numbers. The caterpillars returned this spring just like last year. But now, I watch them with hope. How strange! ____20____ This makes me wonder: What other “pests” have we gotten wrong? And how much richer might our world be if we learn to welcome them? A. Sadly, my lovely plant never got better after that. B. It’s the favorite food of Monarch butterfly babies. C. Many believe small gardens require fewer chemical treatments. D. However, I soon learned that this might not be as bad as it seemed. E. These creatures which I once thought were enemies might actually be guests. F. It might seem like small gardens can’t make a difference, but they can. G. I watched, with some horror, as these insects chewed the leaves to bits. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者目睹毛毛虫啃食花园里的植物，最初感到沮丧，但后来了解到昆虫数量全球下降，意识到毛毛虫等昆虫的重要性，并开始以希望的心态看待它们。 【16题详解】 根据上文“I was looking out of my window when I saw them — dozens of caterpillars (毛毛虫) crawling all over a lovely green plant in my garden.(我正往窗外看，突然看到了它们——几十只毛毛虫，正爬满我花园里一株漂亮的绿色植物。)”和下文“In just a few days, only thin, weak stems remained.(短短几天时间，只剩下纤细柔弱的茎秆了。)”可知，上文提到作者看到几十只毛毛虫爬在花园的绿植上，下文提到几天内只剩纤细的茎，空处需补充毛毛虫破坏植物的动作。选项G“I watched, with some horror, as these insects chewed the leaves to bits.(我有些惊恐地看着这些昆虫把叶子啃成碎片。)”符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“I felt like a farmer whose field had been destroyed by pests.(我感觉自己就像一位农田被害虫毁坏的农民。)”和下文“Insect populations are declining globally at a rate of 1% to 2% each year. This is a huge problem, and any help is valuable. (全球昆虫数量正以每年1%到2%的速度减少。这是个严重的问题，任何帮助都很宝贵。)”可知，上文表达了对毛毛虫的负面态度，下文转而讨论全球昆虫数量下降，需要保护，上下文存在态度转折。选项D“However, I soon learned that this might not be as bad as it seemed.(然而，我很快意识到事情可能没看起来那么糟。)”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对昆虫保护的话题。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“One plant that gardeners should consider growing for insects is milkweed.(园丁们为昆虫考虑应种植的植物之一是马利筋。)”可知，上文提到园丁建议为昆虫种植马利筋，空处需补充马利筋与昆虫的关联。选项B“It’s the favorite food of Monarch butterfly babies.(它是帝王蝶幼虫最爱的食物。)”具体说明种植马利筋的意义，解释了为昆虫种植物的原因，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据下文““We’re talking about small animals, so small areas do help,” says conservation biologist Sarah Shepherd.(“我们讨论的是小型动物，所以小块区域也能起到作用。”保护生物学家萨拉・谢泼德说道。)”可知，下文引用专家观点强调小花园对昆虫的作用。选项F“It might seem like small gardens can’t make a difference, but they can.(看似小花园起不了作用，但实际上可以。)”，与下文专家的话形成呼应，提前点明小花园有帮助的核心观点，符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The caterpillars returned this spring just like last year. But now, I watch them with hope. How strange!(今年春天，毛毛虫又像去年一样回来了。但现在，我满怀希望地看着它们。多奇妙啊！)”和下文“This makes me wonder: What other “pests” have we gotten wrong? And how much richer might our world be if we learn to welcome them?(这让我不禁思考：我们还误解了哪些“害虫”？如果我们学会接纳它们，我们的世界会变得多么丰富多彩啊？)”可知，上文体现作者对毛毛虫态度的转变，下文进一步深化对“害虫”的重新认知。选项E“These creatures which I once thought were enemies might actually be guests.(这些我曾经视为敌人的生物，或许其实是访客。)”符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last month I was enrolled in Intermediate Spanish Conversation class. Previous grammar classes were generally pretty ____21____, emotionally speaking. On the other hand, conversation classes ____22____ me to engaging with other people in a way that sounded unrehearsed. It was risky for me. As homework for the second conversation class, we were to give a short ____23____ about a book we had read and then answered questions without preparation. With ____24____ at hand, everything started off really well. But during the question-and-answer part, my delivery became a lot less ____25____ and much more random. I struggled to find the right words, ____26____ complete blanks on which verb tenses to use. Anxiety set in. But then something magical happened. I ____27____ not to try so hard and asked for help. My classmates ____28____ cut in with the words I couldn’t find. The teacher asked a question that smoothed over the rough edges and got me back ____29____. I took a deep breath and realized that even though it was not perfect, no one really ____30____. Actually, everyone was eager to ____31____ me along. I was enjoying this roller-coaster ride. When I first ____32____ Spanish classes, I thought it would be a purely intellectual pursuit. I have come to see that it is more like an improv (即兴) class. You have to be ready to look ____33____ and have fun. If you can’t find the perfect word, there are others that can work just as well. You have to be ready to acknowledge that it’s more important to ____34____ with people than to have all the answers. Knowing this, I am ready to take the ____35____ again next semester. 21. A. hard B. fancy C. safe D. valuable 22. A. attached B. committed C. applied D. appealed 23. A. presentation B. analysis C. evaluation D. adaptation 24. A. laptops B. pens C. notes D. dictionaries 25. A. critical B. amusing C. faithful D. polished 26. A. filling B. extending C. leaving D. drawing 27. A. resolved B. defended C. expected D. agreed 28. A. barely B. politely C. regularly D. repeatedly 29. A. in sight B. in vain C. on schedule D. on track 30. A. cared B. bothered C. remained D. wondered 31. A. monitor B. challenge C. blame D. coach 32. A. dropped out of B. looked back on C. signed up for D. caught up with 33. A. foolish B. curious C. proud D. sad 34. A. compromise B. connect C. argue D. compare 35. A. advice B. risk C. charge D. order 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己参加中级西班牙语会话课的经历，从最初的紧张不安到后来享受其中，意识到与人交流比拥有所有答案更重要，并决定下学期继续学习。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从情感上讲，以前的语法课通常都很安全。A. hard艰难的；B. fancy精致的；C. safe安全的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“On the other hand”和“It was risky for me”可知，上下文是转折关系，会话课对作者来说是有风险的，由此可推知，语法课是安全的。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但另一方面，会话课要求我必须以一种自然的、未经演练的方式与他人交流。A. attached附上；B. committed使承担义务；C. applied应用；D. appealed吸引。根据下文“me to engaging with other people in a way that sounded unrehearsed”可知，会话课让作者以一种听起来未经排练的方式与他人互动，即会话课使作者承担了与他人互动的风险。commit sb to doing sth表示“使某人承担做某事的义务或责任”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为第二节会话课的作业，我们需要就自己读过的一本书做一个简短展示，随后还要即兴回答问题。A. presentation介绍，展示；B. analysis分析；C. evaluation评估；D. adaptation改编。根据下文“then answered questions without preparation”和常识可知，“先展示内容，再回答问题”是常见流程。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：手头有笔记辅助，一开始一切都进行得很顺利。A. laptops笔记本电脑；B. pens钢笔；C. notes笔记；D. dictionaries字典。根据下文“everything started off really well”以及上文提到要介绍读过的书，可推知，此处指作者带着笔记开始介绍。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但到了问答环节，我的表达变得不再流畅熟练，反而混乱无序。A. critical批评的；B. amusing有趣的；C. faithful忠实的；D. polished熟练的，流畅的。根据下文“and much more random”和“less...and more...”提示前后为对比关系可知，空处和random意思相反，“polished熟练的，流畅的”符合题意。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我绞尽脑汁想找到恰当的词汇，却在该用哪种动词时态的问题上频频留白。A. filling填充；B. extending延伸；C. leaving留下；D. drawing画。根据上文“struggled to find the right words”可知，存在无法确定的内容，根据下文“complete blanks on which verb tenses to use”可知，关于动词时态的完全空白是找不到词的具体表现。由此可知，leave blanks表示“留下空白”，符合“无法确定时态”的场景。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定不再逼自己硬撑，而是主动寻求帮助。A. resolved决定；B. defended防御；C. expected期待；D. agreed同意。根据“Anxiety set in”和下文“not to try so hard and asked for help”可知，不那么用力，而是求助是应对焦虑的决定。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同学们礼貌地插话，为我补充那些想不起来的词汇。A. barely几乎不；B. politely礼貌地；C. regularly定期地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据上文“I ____7____ not to try so hard and asked for help.”以及下文“cut in with the words I couldn’t find”可知，作者寻求帮助，所以同学是礼貌地插话，说出了作者说不出的词。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：老师也适时提出了一个问题，巧妙地化解了尴尬，帮我重新回到正轨。A. in sight看得见；B. in vain徒劳；C. on schedule按时；D. on track在正轨上。根据上文“The teacher asked a question that smoothed over the rough edges”可知，老师问了一个缓和尴尬的问题，目的是让作者回到正常的交流节奏。固定短语get back on track表示 “回到正轨”。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，突然意识到：即便我的表现并不完美，也没人真的在意。A. cared关心；B. bothered困扰；C. remained保持；D. wondered想知道。根据上文“even though it was not perfect”和下文用“Actually”转折，说明没人在意不完美。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，每个人都热切地想指导我并帮我渡过难关。A. monitor监控；B. challenge挑战；C. blame责备；D. coach指导，帮助。根据下文“I was enjoying this roller-coaster ride”以及上文提到同学帮助作者，老师缓和紧张气氛，可推知，每个人都渴望帮助作者。固定短语coach sb. along表示“指导/支持某人继续”。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：起初报名西班牙语课时，我以为这只是一场纯粹的智力学习。A. dropped out of退出；B. looked back on回顾；C. signed up for报名参加；D. caught up with赶上。根据下文“I thought it would be a purely intellectual pursuit”可知，以为它只是纯粹的智力活动是作者刚开始上西班牙语课时的想法。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你必须做好出糗的准备，并且享受这个过程。A. foolish愚蠢的，笨拙的；B. curious好奇的；C. proud自豪的；D. sad悲伤的。根据下文“If you can’t find the perfect word, there are others that can work just as well”可知，如果不能找到完美的词，还有其他词同样适用，由此推知，此处指必须准备好看起来笨拙，不要害怕犯错。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你还得明白，与他人沟通交流比掌握所有标准答案更重要。A. compromise妥协；B. connect连接，交流；C. argue争论；D. compare比较。根据下文“with people than to have all the answers”以及上文提到作者参加的是会话课，可推知，此处指与人交流比拥有所有答案更重要。connect with sb表示“与某人交流”。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道了这一点，我准备下学期再冒一次险。A. advice建议；B. risk风险；C. charge费用；D. order命令。根据上文“It was risky for me”以及“again next semester”可推知，作者准备下学期再冒一次险，继续学习西班牙语。take the risk表示“冒险”。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese researchers have developed a ____36____ (create) wearable artificial intelligence (AI) system to assist blind individuals with navigation, with the findings ____37____ (publish) Monday in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence. The system integrates visual, auditory and tactile (触觉的) feedback, using AI technology to scan the surrounding environment. When the wearer approaches obstacles or objects, it sends signals to guide them through movements, object handling, and other visual tasks, therefore enhancing their independence in daily life. This breakthrough in biomedical engineering ____38____ (lead) by Gu Leilei, an associate professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ____39____ cooperation with researchers from Fudan University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, East China Normal University, and other partners. The research team designed this user-friendly assistive system ____40____ enhances functionality through advanced AI technology and hardware ____41____ (integrate). Equipped with a camera to capture visual data, the system uses AI ____42____ (analyze) the surroundings, detect obstacles and key targets, and then it ____43____ (deliver) instructions. These signals guide the wearer to move forward, turn left or right, or adjust their path in real time ____44____ they reach their destination. In tests ____45____ (involve) humanoid robots and visually disabled participants in both virtual and real-world settings, the system showed significant improvements in navigation efficiency. Users successfully moved through mazes (迷宫) and disorderly rooms, and performed object-grasping tasks with greater ease. 【答案】36. creative 37. published 38. was led 39 in 40. that##which 41. integration 42. to analyze 43. delivers 44. until 45. involving 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国研究人员开发的一款可穿戴人工智能导航系统。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国研究人员研发出一款具有创新性的可穿戴人工智能（AI）导航辅助系统，旨在帮助视障人士出行，该研究成果于周一发表在《自然・机器智能》期刊上。空处修饰名词短语wearable artificial intelligence (AI) system，形容词creative意为“创造性的”作定语。故填creative。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国研究人员研发出一款具有创新性的可穿戴人工智能（AI）导航辅助系统，旨在帮助视障人士出行，该研究成果已于周一发表在《自然・机器智能》期刊上。此处为with复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，findings和publish为逻辑动宾关系，用publish的过去分词published作宾语补足语。故填published。 【38题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这一生物医学工程领域的突破由上海交通大学副教授顾磊磊牵头，合作方包括复旦大学、香港科技大学、华东师范大学及其他研究机构的科研人员。lead在句中作谓语，主语This breakthrough与动词lead是被动关系，句子应用被动语态，句子陈述的是过去的事，用一般过去时的被动语态，句子主语breakthrough为可数名词单数，用was，lead的过去分词为led。故填was led。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一生物医学工程领域的突破由上海交通大学副教授顾磊磊牵头，合作方包括复旦大学、香港科技大学、华东师范大学及其他研究机构的科研人员。in cooperation with是固定短语，意为“与……合作”，故空格处填介词in。故填in。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：研究团队设计的这款辅助系统兼具用户友好性，它通过先进的人工智能技术与硬件整合，进一步提升了功能性能。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为this user-friendly assistive system，指物，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究团队设计的这款辅助系统兼具用户友好性，它通过先进的人工智能技术与硬件整合，进一步提升了功能性能。空处作through的宾语，需用名词，integrate的名词形式为integration，为不可数名词。故填integration。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统配备摄像头以捕捉视觉数据，利用人工智能分析周边环境、识别障碍物与关键目标，随后发出指令。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，故空格处用动词不定式。故填to analyze。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该系统配备摄像头以捕捉视觉数据，利用人工智能分析周边环境、识别障碍物与关键目标，随后发出指令。句子为and连接的并列句，此空在并列分句中作谓语，根据句意和句中uses可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为it，是第三人称单数，deliver用第三人称单数形式。故填delivers。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：这些信号会引导使用者前进、左转或右转，或实时调整路线，直至抵达目的地。根据语境，信号使用者“实时调整路线”的动作持续到“抵达目的地”，“until” 意为“直到…… 为止”，能准确体现动作的时间逻辑，符合“引导至目的地”的语义，until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在虚拟与现实场景中开展的测试涉及类人机器人及视障参与者，结果显示该系统在导航效率上有显著提升。句中有谓语动词showed，且空前没有连词， involve在句中为非谓语动词，tests和involve为逻辑主谓关系，应用involve的现在分词involving，作后置定语修饰tests。故填involving。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 学校英文报正在开展以“Weight Management”为主题的讨论。请你根据下列调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： (1) 描述调查结果； (2) 简单评论； (3) 你的建议。 Student Weight Distribution by Gender in a Middle School Gender Weight Category Percentage of Gender Male Normal Weight 60% Overweight 30% Severely Overweight 10% Female Normal Weight 70% Overweight 25% Severely Overweight 5% 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Weight Management Among Middle School Students A survey on student weight distribution by gender in our middle school shows some interesting results. Among male students, 60% have normal weight, 30% are overweight, and 10% are severely overweight. For female students, 70% have normal weight, 25% are overweight, and 5% are severely overweight. It’s obvious that a considerable number of students, especially boys, face weight problems. This might be due to unhealthy eating habits and lack of physical activity. To manage weight well, students should have a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables and less junk food. Also, they need to take part in regular exercise like running or playing ball games. By doing these, they can stay fit and healthy. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇投稿征文，要求考生根据调查结果以Weight Management Among Middle School Students为题，写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 明显的：obvious→apparent 许多的：a number of→quantities of 应该：should→be supposed to 参加：take part in→participate in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To manage weight well, students should have a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables and less junk food. 拓展句：Students should have a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables and less junk food so that they can manage weight well. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s obvious that a considerable number of students, especially boys, face weight problems.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句） [高分句型2] To manage weight well, students should have a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables and less junk food.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in middle school, I didn’t think I had any musical talent. I enjoyed listening to music, but playing an instrument seemed far out of reach. Then, one day in a music lesson, our teacher, Mr Stevens, introduced us to the school’s new piano and invited anyone interested to have a try. I wasn’t planning on volunteering, but after class, Mr Stevens pulled me aside. He had noticed how I always tapped my fingers to the beat of the music. “You have a natural rhythm,” he said. “Why don’t you give the piano a try?” At first, I laughed. The idea of me playing the piano sounded ridiculous. However, Mr Stevens refused to give up. He offered to teach me after school, and although I was hesitant, I agreed to give it a try. During our first lesson, I struggled to even find the right keys. My fingers fumbled over the notes, and I felt like quitting right there. But Mr Stevens was patient. He broke the songs down into small and manageable parts, encouraging me to practice a little each day. “You don’t have to play perfectly,” he said. “You just have to keep going.” Over the next few weeks, I followed his advice. Every day after school, I practiced for just 30 minutes. Gradually, I started to improve. My fingers moved more smoothly across the keys, and I could finally play simple tunes without making too many mistakes. I began to enjoy the process, and something that had once felt impossible now seemed achievable. By the time our class performance came around, Mr Stevens asked me if I wanted to play a solo (独奏). I was terrified, but I agreed. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 On the day of the performance, I was nervous, my hands shaking as I sat at the piano. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the performance, Mr Stevens came over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 On the day of the performance, I was nervous, my hands shaking as I sat at the piano. The bright stage lights and the quiet audience only made it worse. I took a deep breath, closed my eyes for a second, and remembered Mr Stevens’ words: “Just keep going.” As my fingers touched the familiar keys, I focused on the first notes. Slowly, the shaking lessened. I concentrated on each small part we had practiced, one after another. To my surprise, the melody flowed much better than I expected. When the last note faded, a wave of relief washed over me. After the performance, Mr Stevens came over. He had a wide, warm smile on his face. “You did it!” he exclaimed, placing a hand on my shoulder. “I told you you had rhythm. That was truly wonderful, and you handled the nerves perfectly.” Hearing his praise and seeing the genuine pride in his eyes, my lingering anxiety vanished. In that moment, I realized something important: maybe I wasn’t completely without talent after all. This small success wasn’t just about playing a song; it was about believing I could try something new and surprise myself. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了中学时作者认为自己无音乐天赋，虽喜欢音乐却不敢碰乐器。史蒂文斯老师发现作者有节奏感，课后主动教作者钢琴，耐心指导作者拆分乐曲、每日练习。作者逐渐进步，最终克服紧张完成独奏，也意识到自己并非毫无天赋，收获了尝试新事物的信心。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在演出当天，我非常紧张，坐在钢琴前时双手都在颤抖。”可知，第一段可描写作者克服紧张完成演出的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“演出结束后，史蒂文斯先生走了过来。”可知，第二段可描写史蒂文斯先生肯定作者的努力以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：感到紧张——克服紧张——完成演出——史蒂文斯先生称赞——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①集中注意：concentrate on/focus on/pay attention to ②应对：handle/deal with ③看到：see/catch sight of 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②忧虑：anxiety/concern 【点睛】[高分句型1] As my fingers touched the familiar keys, I focused on the first notes.(运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] When the last note faded, a wave of relief washed over me.(运用了when引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高三年级上学期10月联考 英语试题 本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What has the man been doing? A. Preparing for tests. B. Practicing driving. C. Planning for his vacation. 2. What is the woman asking the man to do? A. Speak gently. B. Get home early. C. Care for the children. 3. How will the man probably feel if walking over the glass bridge? A. Excited. B. Curious. C. Fearful. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a hotel. B. At an airport. C. At a supermarket. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. relatives. C. Coworkers. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny. 7. Where did the man get the weather information? A. On the TV. B. On the radio. C. On the Internet. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When is the meeting to be held after rearrangement? A. At 9 am. B. At 12:30 pm. C. At 1 pm. 9. Why does the man require changing the meeting time? A. He hasn’t finished his report. B. He has a problem with the place. C. He has another meeting to attend. 10. How will Steven get informed of the change? A. From the man. B. By phone call. C. By email. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the woman ask for a day’s leave? A. She’ll see a doctor. B. She has to finish her book. C. She has a mid-term exam. 12. Which chapter can the woman skip in the book? A. Chapter 17. B. Chapter 18. C. Chapter 20. 13. What should the woman bring to the office? A. A medical record. B. The practice test. C. A notebook. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What happened to the man’s luggage? A. It got lost on the way. B. It was delayed at the airport. C. It was left in the luggage office. 15. What items are included in the emergency kits? A. Socks. B. Presentation materials. C. Business suits. 16. When will the man’s flight leave? A. At 6:00 am. B. At 6:30 am. C. At 10:00 am. 17. What special request does the man make? A. A pressing service for clothing. B. Wake-up service at 5:30 am. C. A delivery by a staff member. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is today’s main task? A. Collecting small branches. B. Handling the big fallen trees. C. Repairing damaged benches. 19. What improvement will be made during this summer? A. Offering lemonade and cookies. B. Creating a butterfly habitat. C. Planting some new trees. 20. What items will be provided for the restoring project? A. Old clothes. B. Work gloves. C. Shoes. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A【高考仿真题】 The World Cup has come to an end. Let’s review some facts about the hi-tech turf (草皮) that Qatar had spent much of its energy on. Qatar, a desert nation, has three main challenges: water, air, and light. Almost every natural factor is against it. The water used to irrigate the grass is of low quality, mainly treated seawater. Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade — great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用). Inside the nearly-closed stadiums, there’s very little air movement. Qatar identified pitch (球场) quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sports Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as for its tolerance of the tough conditions Qatar faces. The following pictures show some tech facts about the turf, which ensure a consistent and durable surface for the players in all weather conditions. 1. Which was one of the main challenges in building high-quality pitch in Qatar? A. Sandstorms. B. Improper seawater. C. Dry air. D. Extreme changes in temperature. 2. Why was Atlas Turf’s grass chosen for the pitch? A It has the longest survival time. B. It is adaptable to the condition. C. It needs artificial threads. D. It is the cheapest in the world. 3. What can be learned about the turf? A. It can recover quickly from damage. B. Artificial grass covers 70 percent of the pitch. C. Water can be saved at the bottom of the pitch. D. 24 types of grass have been planted on the pitch. B When Leonardo da Vinci wasn’t painting masterpieces or dreaming up flying machines, he was exploring the secrets of gravity. Considering himself a scientist and artist, this Renaissance thinker spent untold hours studying how the “attraction of one object to another” affected phenomena like the flight of birds and the fall of water. Recent research published in the journal Leonardo reveals that Leonardo conducted detailed gravity experiments over a century before Galileo and two centuries prior to Newton. “His thinking was far ahead of his time,” said co-author Dr Morteza Gharib. The study highlights Leonardo’s determination to find the law governing the dynamics of falling objects. Dr Gharib said he discovered the experiments while examining an online version of the Codex Arundel, a collection of Leonardo’s notes from 1480 to 1518. Among its mirror-written texts, a drawing on page 143 caught his eye: a triangle (三角形) formed by circles pouring from a pot. He used a computer program to flip (翻转) the triangle and the nearby mirror writing. Suddenly, the image came to life. “I could see motion,” Dr Gharib recalled. “I could see him pouring stuff out.” It was a eureka moment that revealed Leonardo’s forward-looking experiment. Gazing at Leonardo’s drawing, Dr Gharib realized that the artist had separated gravity’s effects into two components, revealing a normally hidden aspect of nature. Inspired by hail (冰雹) falling from fast-moving clouds, Leonardo demonstrated through his drawing how gravity’s constant force causes a steady speed gain — shown by the increasing gaps between falling objects as the pot moves. Despite his basic experimental setup more than 500 years ago, Leonardo calculated the constant to an accuracy within 10 percent of the modern value. “It’s incredible,” Dr Gharib said. “That’s the beauty of what Leonardo does.” However, Dr Gharib hesitated to examine the Codex Arundel further. “I’m like a kid in a toy store, afraid to even look at it,” he said. He noted that while art historians had studied it, scientists had not. “It’s an open book with so much to discover.” 4. What does the underlined phrase “a eureka moment” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The moment of pouring stuff out. B. The time of finding the secret in the drawing. C. The moment of discovering the mirror-written texts. D. The time of realizing the triangle’s function in the drawing. 5. How did Leonardo demonstrate the effect of gravity’s constant force in his drawing? A. By sketching birds flying in a triangular pattern. B. By showing water pouring from a moving pot. C. By recording the speed and track of hail. D. By illustrating increasing gaps between falling objects. 6. Why does Dr Gharib think Leonardo’s works incredible? A. Leonardo’s notes were mirror-written. B. Leonardo’s experiments used advanced technology. C. Leonardo painted masterpieces while studying science. D. Leonardo achieved scientific accuracy centuries before other scientists. 7. What is Dr Gharib’s attitude toward the Codex Arundel? A. Admiring. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Objective. C What makes us care about others? Scientists studying empathy (同理心) have found that people are more likely to choose to empathize with groups rather than individuals, even though they find empathizing equally difficult and uncomfortable in both cases. The researchers defined empathy as understanding, feeling, and sharing in another’s world, while maintaining the understanding that it’s not the same as your world. Empathy can come at a price, whether it’s time, money, or emotion: Feeling others’ pain tends to be painful. They wanted to learn whether people were more likely to choose to pay this price when they were dealing with individuals or with groups. To investigate this, the researchers recruited 296 participants to take part in an experiment called the Empathy Selection Task, which invites participants to choose between two decks of cards, one of which will ask them to empathize and one of which will ask them to remain objective. Their willingness to empathize is measured by how often they choose the empathy deck. Each participant underwent a two-block test—one block of pictures of individuals and one of groups. Each block had 20 different stock photos describing a diverse range of people, with (as far as possible) neutral (中性的) facial expressions and plain backgrounds. Participants were given the two decks and asked to choose a card from one of them. Then they were given a picture to react to, writing down three keywords that described either the feelings of the people in the images or their external appearance. After each block, participants were asked questions which aimed to understand their experience of performing the tasks. The scientists found that participants chose to avoid empathizing more often during the block of individual pictures, choosing to empathize 34% of the time on average. However, during the block of group pictures, they chose to empathize 53% of the time. Even though they found empathizing harder and more distressing than staying objective, participants chose to pay that price more often during the test of group images. Participants rated their own effectiveness in empathizing with groups higher: This could have boosted their confidence and encouraged them to empathize. 8. What is indicated about empathy according to the research? A. It is always a pleasant experience. B. It is easy for everyone to develop. C. It can be uncomfortable and costly. D. It just applies to individuals instead of groups. 9. What is the purpose of using neutral-expression photos in the experiment? A. To avoid emotional influence. B. To arouse participants’ curiosity. C. To make participants focus on appearance. D. To test participants’ ability to recognize emotions. 10. What did empathizing with groups bring about? A. The development of a sense of belonging. B. The possibility of remaining objective. C. A decrease in the sense of guilt. D. An increase in confidence. 11. Which section of a newspaper is the text taken from? A. Education. B. Psychology. C. Personal growth. D. Mental health. D When someone is using antipsychotic drugs (抗精神病药物), it is vitally important that they take the correct amount, and that they don’t suddenly stop taking the medication. Soon, a fingerprint sweat test could be used to check that such people are following instructions. Currently, blood tests are required to detect which antipsychotics are being taken, and in what amounts. Needless to say, these tests are painful for patients. Seeking a quicker and less unpleasant alternative, scientists at Britain’s University of Surrey recently looked to the sweat from our fingertips. Previous studies have shown that certain other drugs can be detected in fingertip sweat samples, which unlike blood samples can be stored and transported at room temperature. They can also be obtained by laypeople (非专业人员), not just by trained clinicians. For the new study 60 patients who were taking clozapine, quetiapine or olanzapine antipsychotics were recruited, along with 30 people who weren’t taking any such drugs. Both before and after washing their hands, each person pressed their fingertips against a piece of paper for 30 seconds. The sweat that was absorbed by that paper was subsequently analyzed. It was found that all of the drugs could be detected in the samples. In the case of clozapine, it was even possible to match drug levels in the sweat to those measured in the bloodstream via conventional testing. It is hoped that with additional research, the same could be true of the other drugs. “We are currently exploring methods to quantify the level of drugs in a fingerprint and the ideal sampling time,” said Prof. Melanie Bailey, corresponding author of the study. “We are also very interested to see whether fingerprints can be used to diagnose disease for example from the metabolites (代谢物) that are deposited in a fingerprint sample.” 12 What is implied about current blood tests? A. They yield uncertain results. B. They cause discomfort in patients. C. They require little professional training. D. They are rarely used in disease detection. 13 What can be inferred about fingertip sweat sampling? A. It simplifies sample collection. B. It removes laboratory needs. C. It provides real-time analysis. D. It replaces expensive treatment plans. 14. What does the last paragraph suggest about future research? A. Fingerprints may reveal disease clues. B. Sweat testing may soon be replaced. C. Antipsychotics will be fully quantified. D. Blood sampling will be revived. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Blood tests remain the most reliable. B. Fingerprints help trace illegal drugs. C. A painless method can track drug use. D. Drug misuse causes serious side effects. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I was looking out of my window when I saw them — dozens of caterpillars (毛毛虫) crawling all over a lovely green plant in my garden. ____16____ In just a few days, only thin, weak stems remained. Finally, they turned into butterflies and flew off. I felt like a farmer whose field had been destroyed by pests. ____17____ Insect populations are declining globally at a rate of 1% to 2% each year. This is a huge problem, and any help is valuable. Many people are now “planting for helpers”. A recent survey found that a significant number of people are buying plants to support wildlife. This provides bees, butterflies and other flying insects with food from native wildflowers. But what about planting for plant-eaters? Should we plant things hoping they will get eaten? I asked some experts. Mathew, an ecologist, says that insects that eat plants shouldn’t be called pests — they’re just plant-eaters. “My garden is primarily for insects,” he says. One plant that gardeners should consider growing for insects is milkweed. ____18____ Insects face many threats, like chemicals used to kill them on farms. ____19____ “We’re talking about small animals, so small areas do help,” says conservation biologist Sarah Shepherd. Studies show that simple decisions by gardeners can affect insect numbers. The caterpillars returned this spring just like last year. But now, I watch them with hope. How strange! ____20____ This makes me wonder: What other “pests” have we gotten wrong? And how much richer might our world be if we learn to welcome them? A. Sadly, my lovely plant never got better after that. B. It’s the favorite food of Monarch butterfly babies. C. Many believe small gardens require fewer chemical treatments. D. However, I soon learned that this might not be as bad as it seemed. E. These creatures which I once thought were enemies might actually be guests. F. It might seem like small gardens can’t make a difference, but they can. G. I watched, with some horror, as these insects chewed the leaves to bits. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last month I was enrolled in Intermediate Spanish Conversation class. Previous grammar classes were generally pretty ____21____, emotionally speaking. On the other hand, conversation classes ____22____ me to engaging with other people in a way that sounded unrehearsed. It was risky for me. As homework for the second conversation class, we were to give a short ____23____ about a book we had read and then answered questions without preparation. With ____24____ at hand, everything started off really well. But during the question-and-answer part, my delivery became a lot less ____25____ and much more random. I struggled to find the right words, ____26____ complete blanks on which verb tenses to use. Anxiety set in. But then something magical happened. I ____27____ not to try so hard and asked for help. My classmates ____28____ cut in with the words I couldn’t find. The teacher asked a question that smoothed over the rough edges and got me back ____29____. I took a deep breath and realized that even though it was not perfect, no one really ____30____. Actually, everyone was eager to ____31____ me along. I was enjoying this roller-coaster ride. When I first ____32____ Spanish classes, I thought it would be a purely intellectual pursuit. I have come to see that it is more like an improv (即兴) class. You have to be ready to look ____33____ and have fun. If you can’t find the perfect word, there are others that can work just as well. You have to be ready to acknowledge that it’s more important to ____34____ with people than to have all the answers. Knowing this, I am ready to take the ____35____ again next semester. 21. A. hard B. fancy C. safe D. valuable 22. A. attached B. committed C. applied D. appealed 23. A. presentation B. analysis C. evaluation D. adaptation 24. A. laptops B. pens C. notes D. dictionaries 25. A. critical B. amusing C. faithful D. polished 26. A. filling B. extending C. leaving D. drawing 27. A. resolved B. defended C. expected D. agreed 28. A. barely B. politely C. regularly D. repeatedly 29. A. in sight B. in vain C. on schedule D. on track 30. A. cared B. bothered C. remained D. wondered 31. A. monitor B. challenge C. blame D. coach 32. A. dropped out of B. looked back on C. signed up for D. caught up with 33. A. foolish B. curious C. proud D. sad 34. A. compromise B. connect C. argue D. compare 35. A. advice B. risk C. charge D. order 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese researchers have developed a ____36____ (create) wearable artificial intelligence (AI) system to assist blind individuals with navigation, with the findings ____37____ (publish) Monday in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence. The system integrates visual, auditory and tactile (触觉) feedback, using AI technology to scan the surrounding environment. When the wearer approaches obstacles or objects, it sends signals to guide them through movements, object handling, and other visual tasks, therefore enhancing their independence in daily life. This breakthrough in biomedical engineering ____38____ (lead) by Gu Leilei, an associate professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ____39____ cooperation with researchers from Fudan University, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, East China Normal University, and other partners. The research team designed this user-friendly assistive system ____40____ enhances functionality through advanced AI technology and hardware ____41____ (integrate). Equipped with a camera to capture visual data, the system uses AI ____42____ (analyze) the surroundings, detect obstacles and key targets, and then it ____43____ (deliver) instructions. These signals guide the wearer to move forward, turn left or right, or adjust their path in real time ____44____ they reach their destination. In tests ____45____ (involve) humanoid robots and visually disabled participants in both virtual and real-world settings, the system showed significant improvements in navigation efficiency. Users successfully moved through mazes (迷宫) and disorderly rooms, and performed object-grasping tasks with greater ease. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 学校英文报正在开展以“Weight Management”为主题的讨论。请你根据下列调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： (1) 描述调查结果； (2) 简单评论； (3) 你的建议。 Student Weight Distribution by Gender in a Middle School Gender Weight Category Percentage of Gender Male Normal Weight 60% Overweight 30% Severely Overweight 10% Female Normal Weight 70% Overweight 25% Severely Overweight 5% 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in middle school, I didn’t think I had any musical talent. I enjoyed listening to music, but playing an instrument seemed far out of reach. Then, one day in a music lesson, our teacher, Mr Stevens, introduced us to the school’s new piano and invited anyone interested to have a try. I wasn’t planning on volunteering, but after class, Mr Stevens pulled me aside. He had noticed how I always tapped my fingers to the beat of the music. “You have a natural rhythm,” he said. “Why don’t you give the piano a try?” At first, I laughed. The idea of me playing the piano sounded ridiculous. However, Mr Stevens refused to give up. He offered to teach me after school, and although I was hesitant, I agreed to give it a try. During our first lesson, I struggled to even find the right keys. My fingers fumbled over the notes, and I felt like quitting right there. But Mr Stevens was patient. He broke the songs down into small and manageable parts, encouraging me to practice a little each day. “You don’t have to play perfectly,” he said. “You just have to keep going.” Over the next few weeks, I followed his advice. Every day after school, I practiced for just 30 minutes. Gradually, I started to improve. My fingers moved more smoothly across the keys, and I could finally play simple tunes without making too many mistakes. I began to enjoy the process, and something that had once felt impossible now seemed achievable. By the time our class performance came around, Mr Stevens asked me if I wanted to play a solo (独奏). I was terrified, but I agreed. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 On the day of the performance, I was nervous, my hands shaking as I sat at the piano. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the performance, Mr Stevens came over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $