考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题（期中专项训练）高一英语上学期译林版

专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题4 运动与健康 话题2 家庭生活 话题5 节日与习俗 话题3 社会关系 话题6 文学与文化 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of over-learning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks and the Three Bears. We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we over-learn in childhood. The law of over-learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．Children have a better memory than grown-ups. B．Poem reading is a good way to learn words. C．People remember well what they learnt in childhood. D．Stories for children are easy to remember. 2．The author explains the law of over-learning by ________. A．setting down general rules B．using examples C．making a comparison D．presenting research findings 3．According to the author, being able to use the multiplication tables is ________. A．a skill to deal with math problems B．a special case of cramming C．a result of over-learning D．a basic step towards advanced studies 4．What is the author’s opinion on cramming? A．It’s helpful only in a limited way. B．It leads to failure in college exams. C．It’s likely to result in poor memory. D．It increases students learning interest. Passage 2 After I graduated with a Master’s in public relations in 2010, my first boss congratulated me, but he also brought me right back down to earth pretty quickly when he told me that I’d have to continue my education in order to progress throughout my career. I remember feeling shocked at the prospect, as I had sworn (发誓) I was done with essays and exams forever. Yet, here I was, hearing that I’d never truly be fully “educated”. I keep his words in mind, and whenever I find myself at a crossroads, I turn to education. When I decided to do an MBA in 2021, the big questions for me were: Where, and when? Dublin City University (DCU) stood out as I had benefited from what the university offered while studying for my degree in multimedia back in 2005. The course also took place on Thursdays, which allowed me flexibility at weekends. This was essential to balancing the course with my full-time work and family commitments. Over the two years of the course, I changed jobs twice, moving into global roles, which required a whole new degree of performance and commitment at work. I went to two FIFA World Cups leading social impact campaigns as part of the FIFA Communications team, and I was pregnant with my first child during my final term. Each of my classmates had their own unique journeys as well. Life happens anyway. I think the real question when you’re pursuing further education is “why”. If your “why” is strong enough and you truly believe in the benefits, the sacrifices (牺牲) that come alongside studying part-time become much easier. Our class gathered together each Thursday, enjoying the companionship beyond our traditional networking, which is truly a “money can’t buy” bonus of taking the course. I also found myself going into work each week with new strings added to my bow. I have seen my career progress in ways I couldn’t have imagined. And as for the advice of my first boss, surely I’m finished with essays and exams by now. 1．Why did the author choose to study part-time at DCU? A．It enabled her to study on weekends. B．It had a reputation for MBA programs. C．She had positive experience at DCU. D．She could set her own class schedule. 2．What happened to the author while she was pursuing her MBA? A．She got another college degree. B．She put her family ahead of work. C．She completely changed her career. D．She advanced her professional career. 3．What is an unexpected benefit of taking the MBA course? A．Starting a family. B．Developing friendships. C．Avoiding personal sacrifices. D．Getting more job opportunities. 4．What motivated the author to take lifelong education? A．Her desire for self-improvement. B．Her belief in its benefits. C．Her family’s encouragement. D．Her classmates’ persuasion. Passage 3 In today’s digital age, there exists a phenomenon (现象) where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information. Consider a situation where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you take in more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding weakens. Each new concept (理念) or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit (追求) of more information. Although there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this effort gets in the way of practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then jump into action rapidly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical (理论的) knowledge alone cannot. The comparison with a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually grasped. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By taking action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s important not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions. 1．What stops people from achieving the goal? A．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. B．The inability to find related information. C．The confusion caused by the information. D．The desire to learn basic concept or strategy. 2．What does the author try to advocate in paragraph 3 and 4? A．Sticking to continuous learning. B．Taking practical action without delay. C．Gaining as much knowledge as possible. D．Focusing on theoretical knowledge in study. 3．Why is the example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．To compare different learning styles. B．To show the importance of making mistakes. C．To stress the need for parental guidance. D．To illustrate learning through action and experience. 4．What makes the best title for the passage? A．The Balance of Learning and Doing. B．The Process of Accessing Information. C．The Pursuit of Advanced Knowledge. D．The Significance of Hands-on Experience. Passage 4 What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent. But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual struggle stories: stories about how scientists” struggled intellectually, “ such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family sure Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges. Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles. 1．Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists? A．They lack interest in science. B．They don’t possess inborn talent. C．They are short of confidence. D．They have no ability to study science. 2．What’s the purpose of the intervention? A．To introduce some inspirational stories to students B．To expose students to scientists’ great achievements. C．To ensure students will become scientists in the future. D．To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work. 3．The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A．permanent B．obvious C．doubtful D．delicate 4．What can we learn from the research? A．Science ability has nothing to do with efforts. B．Students are more motivated by achievement stories. C．Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs. D．Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists. 话题2 家庭生活 Passage 1 A Florida teen is gaining national attention with her graduation speech and a basket of strawberries. “Care for some strawberries?” Brenda said at her graduation from Mulberry High School. After jokingly saying there might not be enough, she went on, “These are no ordinary strawberries.” She held up a series of strawberries, showing what each stands for: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains. Brenda described herself as the daughter of two tireless farmers who immigrated from Mexico and spent most of their days working in fields of strawberries, blueberries, and cucumbers. “My motivation has been rooted in my immigrant (移民) culture.” Because of this, she chose to focus on that in her speech. “Many students used to be ashamed of their upbringing but today we’re proud of what makes us.” She explained how she grew up under poor conditions. “I’m motivated by my parents’ hands that lose feeling from laborious work. Despite the hot sun and body pains, my parents back me up heart and soul in my education, which is more important than anything else in my academic success. I must work hard and succeed.” Brenda’s heading to Stanford University this fall. She also credited some of her outstanding achievements to her teacher Higgins, who helps immigrant students and the poor. Her speech has been viewed by thousands online. “Hearing it touched other people’s hearts who said they understood my message, I’m struck the same,” Brenda said later. The principal of Mulberry High School, Michael Young, was one member of the audience getting emotional. “The speech was very powerful — her fruit did help paint a good picture of things she wanted to convey,” Young said. As for her message to young people struggling, Brenda said, “Past circumstances aren’t in charge of your future. If you’re from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You’re the author of your story.” 1．Why did Brenda bring strawberries to her graduation? A．To share her home-grown fruit. B．To show hardship her parents faced. C．To better introduce her speech’s topic. D．To explain the importance of motivators. 2．What is the most important part in Brenda’s academic success? A．Help from her teacher. B．Her life experience. C．Her native culture. D．Support from her parents. 3．How did Brenda feel about the viewers’ response online? A．Alarmed. B．Interested. C．Sad. D．Moved. 4．What did Brenda convey to the young? A．Life is what you make it. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．Everyone deserves a good life story. D．Resources in hand decide your future. Passage 2 When I was ten, my brother and I received a wonderful gift — tennis rackets (球拍) and balls. One Saturday morning, my brother and I took our tennis rackets and balls to the school and took turns hitting our balls against the side of the two-storey school building. We were hitting the ball higher and faster. Suddenly, the ball went right through one of the upstairs windows. We looked around and nobody was in sight except an old man sitting on a porch (门廊) halfway. “What should we do?” I asked. My brother answered, “No one will know whose ball it is. No one saw us, except that old man. He probably can't see this far. Let's go home.” We picked up the rest of our balls and headed home. “What happened?” Mum asked. “Well,” my brother slowly began, “we had a great time until we hit the ball too hard and too high and it went right through the school window.” My mother said loudly, “You'll have to tell your father.” As soon as my father walked in the house, we hurried to him and told our story. He was composed and said, “Well, today is Saturday. On Monday, I'll call the school janitor (看门人) and see what we need to do.” We had two days to wait until our dad got home from work on Monday. He smiled, saying, “Well, I talked to the school janitor. He told me that he'd been sitting on his porch watching when you two were playing tennis. He said many windows had been broken, but we were the first ones to call. He said the school allows for window repair, so we won't have to pay for the window.” We discovered there's always someone who sees what we do and we might as well admit our mistakes. 1．Why did the author and his brother go home from the school? A．Their tennis balls went in the house. B．They got tired from playing tennis. C．Their bad behaviour would be found. D．They wanted to repair the windows. 2．What does the underlined word “composed” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Calm. B．Angry. C．Anxious. D．Surprised. 3．What can we learn from the janitor's words? A．He thought they were responsible. B．It was cheap to repair the windows. C．He enjoyed watching tennis games. D．It was hard to avoid such accidents. 4．What does the story tell us? A．We should avoid making mistakes. B．We should face up to mistakes. C．We should learn from what we did. D．We should depend on parents. Passage 3 Little Johnny lived in a poor village. One summer day Johnny’s mother sent him to the field to pick up some dried wood for the fire. Johnny worked very hard. By the time the sun was high, he was very hot and wished for a cool place to rest and have some food. As he walked along, he found some fine, wild blueberries. “How good these will be with my bread and butter,” thought Johnny. He picked up all of the blueberries. As he was lifting the first blueberry to his mouth, he remembered his sick mother. With this in mind, he put the blueberry back again He thought how refreshing they would be for her, yet was still looking at them with a longing eye. “I will eat half, and take the other half to her,” he said. He divided them into two parts, but each part looked small. He put them together again. “I will only eat one,” he thought. But, as he again lifted it to his mouth, he saw that he had taken the finest, and he put it back. When the sun was beginning to sink, Johnny set out for home How happy he felt, then, that he had all his blueberries for his mother. He heard his mother’s faint (虚弱的) voice calling him “Is that you, Johnny? I am thirsty, and am longing for some tea.” Johnny ran to her and joyfully offered his wild blueberries “And you saved them for your sick mother, didn’t you? ”said she, laying her hand lovingly on his head, with tears in her eyes. 1．Why did Johnny go to the field? A．To eat his bread and butter. B．To dry the plants in their field C．To look for some wood for the fire. D．To pick some fruits for his mother to eat. 2．What does the underlined phrase “with a longing eye” show about Johnny? A．He wanted to find more blueberries. B．He felt that the sunlight was too strong. C．He wanted to eat the blueberries very much. D．He thought the blueberries were good for his mother. 3．Why did Johnny put down the blueberry the second time he lifted it to his mouth? A．Because it looked so small. B．Because it was the finest one. C．Because he was not so hungry. D．Because he wanted to eat other blueberries. 4．How did Johnny’s mother feel after seeing the blueberries? A．She felt the blueberries were so delicious. B．She was moved by her son’s care and love. C．She was too hungry to think about anything D．She thought that her son might want to eat them Passage 4 After more than 30 years’ work with the youth, one of the common questions I get asked is how kids have changed over the years. My short answer is, kids haven’t changed. The world around them has. Modern children have not become a new, advanced species. They grow up at the same rate as before, following the same steps of change and growth and meet with the same basic problems that their parents did: confusion about the world; bad decisions; a lack of self-confidence; peer pressure; complete curiosity about the opposite gender (性别) while not fully understanding their own bodies; behaving like adults in one setting while seeming childish in another. But the world around them has changed. The difference is available to them through phones and laptops and streaming services, what is available on social media, and attractive offers and evil threats. Think how the younger you would have reacted to such a world. Thirteen-year-old me would have readily sought out answers to my confusion, even improper answers, falling victim to temptations (诱惑), bullying, and scams (诈骗). Meanwhile, I would’ve felt ashamed, depressed, and pleased. You would have to go to great lengths to block out the world for your children. One family wouldn’t allow their kids to have toy guns and tried to hide the concept of guns from them. The next thing you know, their five-year-old is running around with his forefinger and thumb aiming at things and shouting, “Bang, bang!” — He learned that while interacting with other children. Unless you cover your child’s eyes and hide them in your closet, they are going to encounter and be influenced by the world in some way. It’s better to set limits while allowing an age-appropriate increase in worldly interaction. Modern parenting requires conversation about temptation, self-image, and peer pressure such as marketing telling your child they’re not good enough. Parenting now requires active and gradual construction of your child’s self-respect. Modern parenting actually requires the same understanding that past parents needed: knowing what’s out there. Another way to think of it is, kids haven’t really changed. But parents must. 1．According to the author, why have children “not changed” over the years? A．Parents now have stricter rules. B．Their development remains the same. C．They lack access to modern technology. D．They are less curious about the world now. 2．What do modern children and their parents share during growth? A．Confusion about technology. B．Complete understanding of their own bodies. C．Exposure to social media threats. D．Struggles with self-confidence and peer pressure. 3．What does the example of the five-year-old shouting “Bang, bang!” illustrate? A．Children like toy guns by nature. B．Peer pressure only exists in modern societies. C．Parents can’t fully protect children from outside influences. D．Kids can’t avoid the outside world despite parental efforts. 4．What does the author recommend for modern parenting? A．Completely keep children away from technology. B．Allowing unlimited access to worldly interactions. C．Ignoring conversation about self-respect until they grow up. D．Setting limits while increasing worldly interaction properly. 话题3 社会关系 Passage 1 Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever). Over the years, I have realized that in an inter-generational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare. One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next inter-generational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later. I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals. This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about inter-generational friendships. My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures. It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 1．What has the author gained from her connection with Ruby? A．Elderly people feel lonely and require care. B．Nurses have a higher chance of building friendships. C．Modern healthcare can narrow generation gaps. D．Friendships offer valuable lessons between different age groups. 2．What is the main theme of the author’s book? A．The happiness found in friendships across generations. B．The positive effects of having friends. C．The value of offering healthcare services. D．The creation of enjoyable activities. 3．How did the book influence society? A．Schools encouraged children to read more. B．Children began making friends with elderly people. C．More writers created stories about the elderly. D．Service projects became very popular. 4．What is the importance of the book for the author? A．It gave her a steady source of income. B．It helped her get back in touch with old friends. C．It allowed her to make contributions to others’ lives. D．It helped her realize her childhood dream. Passage 2 GUANGDONG — “Twinkle, twinkle, little star, which one is your eye ...” The enchanting melody (旋律), sung by a group of autistic (自闭症的) people from the Aite ensemble (乐团), is as comforting as the starry sky. With the sounds of various musical instruments in perfect harmony and the gentle voice of their teacher humming a merry tune, the group is lost in the world of music in a classroom at the Sunshine Cultural and Sports Center in Nanshan district, Shenzhen. The musical journey of this ensemble started with the mother of one member, Beibei. At 20, Beibei started to learn piano, for which he showed great talent and interests. With the efforts and company of his mother, Sun Lili, he made something of himself in competitions and on TV. “Many people got to know Beibei through music and gradually came to understand the autistic community. I wondered if we could bring those with autistic disorders together and connect them in the world of music,” says Sun. Then born the idea of creating an ensemble in 2013. It was a rough ride at the time when it started. There was no training space or teacher. Sun decided to use her home as a classroom and invited Beibei’s piano teacher in to lead the ensemble. As it takes longer for autistic people to interpret information, their mothers must memorize all the key points in class and practice the musical pieces with their children at home until they master them. Sun still remembers the members’ sweat-soaked shirts and the mothers’ eyes filled with tears of joy. Expanding from one to 12 members, with donations from many kind people and organizations, the Aite ensemble has experienced a difficult yet impressive 10-year journey. The voices of “these twinkling stars” are heard by more people now. 1．Why did Sun decide to establish the Aite ensemble? A．Because she felt the needs of autistic people from her son’s experience. B．Because she determined to start up her own business to support her son. C．Because her son talented at playing piano had an idea for training others. D．Because some mothers of autistic children had encouraged her to do so. 2．What difficulties did Sun meet when starting the ensemble? A．The members were unwilling to get trained. B．There was a lack of teachers and classrooms. C．The process of teaching was very challenging. D．She couldn’t afford to buy musical instruments. 3．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “interpret”? A．share B．explain C．collect D．understand 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．A tough journey to great success B．Great mothers raise excellent sons C．Stars twinkling in the Aite ensemble D．Fight with autistic spectrum disorders Passage 3 There’s comfort in the bottom of a swimming pool. In the open air, the noises all demanded your attention: the lifeguard’s whistle, the slapping of feet across the ground, the voices asking for different things. It reminded me of the school cafeteria, packed with kids: too loud to read a book in. But beneath the surface, things were quiet. The sounds that used to annoy me lost all their power. Instead, they mixed with the splashing of the water and the gentle blub-blub of air bubbles escaping my nose. All the noises worked together to create a symphony. Harmony. Perhaps the best thing about the bottom of a swimming pool, though, was that at the bottom of a swimming pool, I was alone. I didn’t have to worry about anyone splashing or kicking or making fun of me. They were all far, far away up on the surface. It was only me. Just me. I used to wish I could live underwater. Mermaids (美人鱼) didn’t have to go to school. Mermaids didn’t call other mermaids nerds (怪胎). But once, when I came up for air, I spotted a girl my age at the other side of the pool. We locked eyes before I went back under, just for a second. I didn’t think anything of it — girls like her usually didn’t want to be seen around me — until I felt a soft tug on my ankle, and I spied her next to me. She actually wanted to talk to me. She wanted to be friends. So we talked. And I found out that she liked Pokémon and Warrior Cats just like I did. And we competed to see who could make the biggest splash, and when it got dark and the lights came on, we explored the depths of the pool together. I didn’t spend so much time at the bottom of a swimming pool after that. How could I when there was so much waiting for me on the surface? 1．What does the author think of the school cafeteria? A．Crowded and noisy. B．Quiet and empty. C．Harmonious and lively. D．Comfortable and satisfying. 2．The author mentions mermaids in paragraph 4 to ______. A．show his fondness of his schoolmates B．highlight his love of reading literature C．stress his desire for peace and being alone D．share his imagination of the underwater world 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “spotted” in Paragraph 5? A．taught. B．stopped. C．discovered. D．trained. 4．What was the author’s attitude toward the girl at first? A．Curious. B．Grateful. C．Impatient. D．Uninterested. Passage 4 Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there. While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France. Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better. Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said. The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea. 1．What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1? A．He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B．He worked at a nice place in Paris. C．He studied marketing for nine years. D．He became a casting director in London. 2．What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand? A．The use of different clothes. B．The jobs of fashion designers. C．The importance of recycling. D．The value of good quality. 3．What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa? A．They are a good way to help poorer countries. B．They have made the African industry grow fast. C．They have made clothes environmentally friendly. D．They have done no good to the African economy. 4．What is the main aim of this text? A．To tell the story of an excellent designer. B．To encourage more designers to be creative. C．To analyze the result of second-hand clothes. D．To help a designer’s fashion business grow. 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 Teenagers are growing increasingly inactive worldwide. Worse still is the fact that Australia, a nation that prides itself on its outdoor culture, is doing particularly poorly. We’re currently ranked 140th out of 146 countries for teenage exercise levels. The data shows that 85% of girls are physically inactive compared to 78% of boys. In Australia, less than 1 in 10 adolescents aged 12 to 18 are meeting the recommended levels of physical activity. The current guidelines and evidence state that teenagers should do at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous(剧烈的) physical activity per day. This should include muscle and bone strengthening activities at least three days per week, whilst limiting recreational screen time to a maximum of 2 hours per day. Not being sufficiently active can cause a range of health conditions leading to early adulthood and beyond. Adolescents may have decreased bone and cardio-metabolic(心脏代谢的) health which leaves them facing an increased risk of chronic disease in later life, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and decreased fitness. If you're not moving enough, you’re also at an increased risk of being overweight or obese, with statistics already showing that 29. 8% of teenagers are classified as overweight. So how can we get teenagers to exercise more? Firstly, high schools should place more importance on lunchtime and allow 1-hour breaks that increase physical activity. We should also encourage teenagers to be active on their lunch break. Parents and guardians also have an important role to play and should aim to dedicate 1 hour a day to moving more. This does not need to be 1 full hour and can be broken down into two 30-minute blocks. The most important factor is to identify your teenager’s interests, level, and needs surrounding their physical activity. Don’t be afraid to ask for assistance in finding a safe and fun exercise program. An accredited(经授权的) exercise physiologist or exercise scientist can help your child find a way to be more active that is suited to their needs, age of development, and interests. 1．What does the data about teenagers in Australia show? A．Girls are more active than boys. B．They generally lack enough exercise. C．Boys prefer vigorous physical activity. D．They are proud of their outdoor culture. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．A lack of exercise does lasting harm to health. B．Outdoor activities help build positive character C．Most chronic diseases come from getting overweight. D．Teenagers tend to take in more calories than they need. 3．What is especially important when it comes to encouraging teenagers to exercise more? A．Parents’ full participation in exercising. B．Taking their interests into consideration. C．Improvement in the school PE course. D．Arranging a balanced diet for them. 4．Why does the author most probably write the text? A．To recommend fun exercise B．To encourage physical activity among teenagers. C．To explain the reason for teenagers’ poor health. D．To demonstrate the way to build a good living habit. Passage 2 If you lack time to exercise during the working week, don’t worry. A study of nearly 90,000 participants in the UK suggests that putting all your weekly exercise on weekends still has significant health benefits compared with being inactive. In this study, participants who cram all their recommended weekly physical activity into one or two days are referred to as “weekend warriors”. The researchers collected data from 89,573 volunteers by requiring them to wear a wrist device (手腕设备) to track their weekly physical activity. These participants were then divided into three groups based on their exercise patterns (模式): regular exercisers, who spread their exercise throughout the week; weekend warriors, who did most of their exercise in one day or two; and inactive participants. After grouping the participants, the researchers compared their health records to examine the related health benefits. The study found that, compared with those who were inactive, weekend warriors and regular exercisers experienced similar health benefits, with both groups having a lower risk of developing more than 200 diseases. Specifically, the strongest effects were for cardiometabolic diseases. Both groups had a 20%lower risk of high blood pressure and a 40%lower risk of diabetes. Dr. Shaan Khurshid, a cardiologist at Massachusetts general hospital in Boston, who led the study, said, “It shows that, for health benefits, it’s really the amount of physical activity rather than its frequency that matters. The key is, however you are going to get that amount, do it in the way that works for you.” Khurshid also mentioned the need for more research to explore whether the “weekend warrior” workout pattern could help people reach their activity goals more easily. “It might be more convenient for some people and help them follow public health advice better,” he said. 1．What does the underlined word “cram” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Pack. B．Break. C．Divide. D．Turn. 2．How did the researchers test the health benefits in the three groups? A．By checking their physical health. B．By comparing their health records. C．By reviewing their exercise records. D．By examining their workout patterns. 3．According to Dr. Khurshid, what is more important for health benefits? A．How often you exercise each week. B．How long you exercise each time. C．How much exercise you do each week D．How much effort you put into exercise. 4．What can we infer about the “weekend warrior” workout pattern? A．It follows public health advice. B．It might suit people with busy schedules. C．It could help people reach their workout goals. D．It will soon be promoted as the best exercise plan. Passage 3 I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish. Then, seven years ago, when I was 43, I went to talk with someone who had just done the Sahara Desert race. I felt so inspired and promised I would run it, too. A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next. My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. On the first day, I ran for around six to seven hours, eating along the way to get more energy. On day two, I tore my right Achilles tendon (跟腱). I slowed my pace and thought about the soldiers’ charity I was doing the run for. It was nothing compared with some of their injuries. Then, on day 26, it got worse. I couldn’t bear even the light touch of an ice cube. I had to walk through the day, which took almost 11 hours. I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life. On May 20 I finished, four days after my 50th birthday. It’s been a long progression from being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) to where I am now. I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already. 1．How was the author’s first marathon? A．He didn’t finish it. B．He didn’t do it well. C．He got hurt halfway. D．He fell in love with it. 2．What was the writer’s purpose of running marathons in the UK? A．To raise money for a charity. B．To create a new world record. C．To prepare for a marathon race. D．To push himself to reach the goal. 3．What does the author think is the most important quality he has? A．Kindness. B．Curiosity. C．Bravery. D．Determination. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Never Stop Running B．Running Makes Success C．Being Prepared for Running D．Running for a Better Future Passage 4 Parkinson’s is a progressive brain disease which leads to shaky hands and slow movement, and there is no cure. Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese martial art that combines (结合) slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may be an effective means of reducing the suffering. Recently, the researchers say that those who practiced the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn’t. Experts say the findings back up previous studies on the benefits of exercise for those with Parkinson’s. The study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson’s patients for up to five years. One group of 147 people practiced regular Tai Chi while another group of 187 did not. The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms (症状), movement and balance. This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group. At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved. Prof. Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology and neuroepidemiology (神经流行病学) at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study” - the positive effects on aspects of motor (运动的) and non-motor functions are striking. However, researchers also pointed out that the number of participants in the study was relatively small, and further research is needed. “We already recommend Tai Chi, as well as other forms of exercise, but understanding which forms of exercise are most beneficial is an important goal to improve the long-term management of patients,” he said. 1．Why was the study conducted? A．To remove the misunderstanding of the previous studies. B．To research the benefits of Tai Chi for those with Parkinson’s. C．To find a cure for Parkinson’s disease. D．To improve the sleep quality of Parkinson’s patients. 2．Which of the following is a finding of the researchers? A．The concentration level was lower in the Tai Chi group. B．Patients in the non-Tai Chi group seldom fell down. C．The disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group. D．Back pain and dizziness were relieved in the non-Tai group. 3．What does the underlined word “striking” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Disappointing. B．Demanding. C．Challenging. D．Amazing. 4．What can we learn from Prof. Alastair Noyce’s words? A．It is unnecessary to do more related studies. B．It’s impossible to improve the long-term management of patients. C．Tai Chi should be given more preference. D．Finding the most beneficial exercise is of importance. 话题5 节日与习俗 Passage 1 Xishuangbanna, one of the eight autonomous prefectures (自治州) in Southwest China’s Yunnan province, has made it to the list of Lonely Planet’s top 10 regions to visit in 2022. With the China-Laos railway scheduled to open on December 2, 2021, trips to Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture would be more accessible. Along with neighboring Myanmar and Laos, the exotic region is best known for dense tropical rainforest and distinct ethnic culture. A paradise for plants and animals Xishuangbanna boasts the most intact tropical ecosystem in China, which harbors a quarter of the country’s animal species and one sixth of plants. There are quite a few spots to get a glimpse of this animal and plant paradise, and Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) always comes first. XTBG, situated in the south of the province, is not only the country’s top level tourist attraction, but also a research institution affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Home to over 13,000 species of plants, it is one of the largest tropical botanical gardens in the country. The site is divided into two areas: one in the east, and the other in the west. The western area has 20 small botanical gardens that contain a wide variety of peculiar plants. The eastern area is three times bigger than the other, featuring dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. If tropical plants are not enough, the Wild Elephant Valley would be a great option for animal lovers. The nature reserve is the only place in China to observe Asian elephants at close quarters and it shelters other rare wild animals, too. Dai ethnic culture The Dai ethnic group has lived in Xishuangbanna for centuries, accounting for around 30 percent of the region’s population. A visit to the tropical paradise would never be complete without experiencing the local culture. Manting Park is the oldest park in the region that dates back 1,300 years, which is also one of the main venues for the annual Water Splashing Festival (WSF), the most important traditional occasion for the Dai people to welcome the New Year. The festival usually falls in mid-April and involves three days of festive celebrations, including religious rituals, water splashing, boat racing and releasing sky lanterns. 1．What makes trips to Xishuangbanna easier? A．That Xishuangbanna is a paradise for plants and animals. B．That Xishuangbanna is one of the eight autonomous prefectures. C．That the China-Laos railway is scheduled to open on December 2, 2021. D．That Xishuangbanna features dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. 2．Where is Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) located? A．In the south of Yunnan province. B．In the west of Yunnan province. C．In the east of Yunnan province. D．In the north of Yunnan province. 3．What can we learn about the annual Water Splashing Festival? A．Manting Park is the only venue for the annual WSF. B．Celebrating WSF is of great importance for Dai people. C．Only the Dai ethnic group can celebrate the annual WSF. D．A visit to XTBG would be perfect without experiencing the annual WSF. 4．The visitors can enjoy the following activities in the annual WSF except? A．Boat racing. B．Releasing sky lanterns. C．Water splashing. D．Mountain climbing. Passage 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), along with Chinese Kungfu and Peking Opera, is one of China’s cultural symbols recognized worldwide. It is a gem of Chinese civilization, and it has also made great contributions to world civilization by improving people’s health and promoting social progress. There used to be a debate in China about whether TCM or Western medicine was better, and arguments can still be heard today. But actually, TCM and western medicine are two different medical theoretical systems that can not replace each other. In some aspects such as surgery, Western medicine is better than TCM, but in other areas, such as recovery after surgery and treatment of chronic (慢性的) diseases, TCM is more effective. This is why some Chinese hospitals provide both TCM and Western medicine treatments. A combination of both has been accepted by many Chinese people as the most effective treatment. Today, promoting and innovating TCM has become a consensus (共识) in Chinese society. The Chinese government has formulated policies to support the development and innovation of TCM, with a view to establishing a Chinese healthcare development model paying equal attention to both. The supportive policies of the Chinese Government will focus on three aspects. The first is the strengthening of TCM services in medical institutions. The second is to apply Internet technology to TCM management, including setting up a database containing TCM electronic medical records and prescriptions (处方). The third is to give better play to the advantages of TCM, especially acupuncture (针灸) and naprapathy (推拿). The function of TCM in disease prevention and recovery will also be enhanced. As long as TCM keeps its core strengths and respects the rules of development and innovation, it will surely be able to maintain its vitality and bring more benefits to people in China and the world. 1．What advantage does Western medicine have over TCM? A．It is a symbol of national civilization. B．It is more successful in recovery after surgery. C．It is more effective in surgery. D．It is more effective in treating chronic diseases. 2．According to paragraph 4, which of the following aspects is NOT included in the Chinese government supports for TCM? A．It calls on the public to support TCM. B．It combines Internet Technology with TCM. C．It makes better use of the advantages of TCM . D．It increases TCM services in hospitals and medical centers. 3．What can be inferred about the author’s opinion on TCM? A．Supportive. B．Critical. C．Unclear. D．Skeptical. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．TCM Beats Western Medicine. B．Chinese Government Promotes TCM. C．TCM is One of China's Cultural Symbols. D．TCM Breaks New Ground. Passage 3 The Qixi Festival, the Chinese Valentine’s Day that fell yesterday, was not only a disappointment for forgotten lovers, but also for businessmen left with empty pockets. The cold welcome has caused experts to seriously worry that the lovers’ festival, marked for generations since the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), is dying out. Some have even called for government to make the festival a legal Chinese Lovers’ Day. But the effectiveness of such a measure is in doubt, although efforts to preserve traditional festivals are worth high praise. A growing number of traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, share the same fate of the Qixi Festival. Young people are showing less interest in traditional culture as symbolized by these festivals. Even if all traditional festivals are finally made legal, the risk of them becoming purely formalized celebrations with little meaning is not reduced. If the younger generation fails to appreciate the cultural significance of these holidays, there is little that can be done. Concern about the traditional holidays also reminds people of the growing influence of foreign cultures as the country opens wider to the outside world. With traditional festivals becoming less important and imports such as Christmas and Valentine’s Day gaining widespread popularity, the public including cultural professionals have tended to measure traditional Chinese festivals in economic terms. Business rather than culture has begun to play a dominant (占主导地位的) role. More and more people are interested in how much money can be made during the holidays. In fact, what makes traditional festivals unique and what keeps them alive is their cultural elements. After all, it is unique culture that contributes to the world’s diversity (多样性) with globalization. 1．What leads the experts to worry that the lovers’ festival is dying out? A．The unpopularity of Qixi Festival among the public. B．The disappointment in both businessmen and lovers. C．The failure to make traditional Chinese festivals legal. D．The action to preserve culture and traditional festivals. 2．What’s the author’s attitude towards the effectiveness of the legalization of the Qixi Festival? A．Unconcerned. B．Positive. C．Uncertain. D．Hopeful. 3．From Paragraph 5 we can learn that ________. A．making the festivals legal can reduce the risk of the disappearance of them B．the legal traditional festivals ensure the meaningfulness of the celebrations C．the formalized celebrations are thought more highly of by the young people D．preserving traditional festivals relies on youth’s valuing their cultural values 4．The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to ________. A．inform the public of the dying out of traditional Chinese festivals B．review the effects of globalization on the world’s cultural diversity C．warn people against measuring traditional festivals in economic terms D．highlight the role of cultural elements in preserving traditional festivals Passage 4 Kunqu, which combines poetry, music, beautiful costumes and graceful performances, was listed as one of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity by UNESCO in 2001. But it is far from a heritage. In the busy streets of Kunshan, this ancient art form continues to find new life, balancing between keeping its timeless beauty and meeting the demands of modernity. For performers like You Tengteng, an actress at the Kunshan Contemporary Kunqu Theater, the act is both a challenge and a passion. After a long day of practice, You and her colleagues discuss their latest performance strategies not in a traditional theater but on Douyin, a Chinese video-sharing platform. In partnership with the platform, You and seven other performers livestream (网络直播) their shows for at least 20 hours each month. The goal is simple yet great: to reach a new generation of audiences who might hesitate to sit through a two or three-hour-long performance in an opera house (戏院). One of the challenges is translation — not from language to language but from centuries-old art to the screens of smartphones. To draw audiences in the digital age, the performers have condensed (压缩) the lengthy art form into acceptable one-hour pieces, inviting viewers to experience Kunqu in more relaxed settings, whether over tea at a cafe or within the walls of a museum. The strategy seems to be working, particularly among Chinese youth. After performances, it is common to see young fans eagerly lining up for selfies and autographs (签名) with the performers. Their newfound love for this ancient art is a piece of evidence to its continuous development. You Tengteng’s influence goes beyond the stage. Over the last few years, the Kunshan Kunqu theater has held more than 2, 500 performances and tours, drawing over 20 million attendees from China and abroad. In addition, the local government has spent 177 million yuan ($25. 05 million) to support new productions and performances. 1．Why did You Tengteng livestream Kunqu on Douyin? A．To help promote Douyin platform. B．To attract more fans to make money. C．To popularize Kunqu among young people. D．To encourage people to practise Kunqu 2．What is the main challenge You Tengteng faces? A．Showing the timeless beauty of Kunqu. B．Translating the art to different languages. C．Raising enough money for new productions. D．Adapting Kunqu to the demands of digital time. 3．Which or the following can best describe You Tengteng according to this article? A．Romantic. B．Responsible. C．Humorous. D．Traditional. 4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Effect of You Tengteng and her colleagues’ practice. B．You Tengteng’s personal influence. C．The reason why You Tengteng succeeded. D．The situation of Kunshan Kunqu theater. 话题6 文学与文化 Passage 1 Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural (建筑学的) drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life. 1．What do we know about Hardy? A．His writing started with poems. B．His wife Emma shared his interest. C．He was into drawing as a young man. D．He got fame at the first attempt of writing 2．What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3? A．Removed. B．Included. C．Changed. D．Ignored. 3．After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A．Jude the Obscure. B．A Pair of Blue Eyes. C．Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D．Far from the Madding Crowd. 4．What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A．Campus life. B．Marriage life. C．Life in London. D．Life in the countryside. Passage 2 Nathanael Lessore’s latest book, King of Nothing is about growing up. The story is based on his life as a person from Peckham, London, born to French and Madagascan parents. To Lessore, Peckham is a warm and friendly place where most of his family live, but it hasn’t always had this reputation (名声). In 2001, due to fightings in the area involving young people, there was a “push to get kids off the street” and into community centers. Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. At first Anton hates it but then he makes an unlikely friend and starts to see the power of a community working together. Lessore is one of eight children and describes his family as a “big bustle” (place of exciting activity). As a kid, he remembers his mum taking him and his siblings (兄弟姐妹) to the local library to keep them busy. “Little did my mum know she was doing us a huge service because she was putting us in the presence of books.” Lessore also gets inspired by slang (an informal way of speaking used by a group of local people) he hears on London’s streets. “I don’t travel on subways with headphones so I can overhear conversations.” If he hears an interesting phrase or word he saves it up and puts it down and constructs them in his book. In King of Nothing, Anton discovers that what others think of him is not as important as he thought. Lessore repeats this when giving advice to young readers. “Popularity means nothing.” His advice is to read, travel and be kind. The world is so big. There is so much to see. And, just like exploring new places, pursuing writing as a career “is not impossible… it’s achievable”. 1．Why was Anton required to join the Happy Campers? A．His misbehavior. B．His bad reputation. C．The community requirement. D．His poor education. 2．What has a deep effect on Lessore’s success? A．His growing surroundings. B．The influence of his siblings. C．The interest in social activities. D．His massive access to books. 3．What can we know about King of Nothing? A．It comes from a real story. B．It tells about a mother’s struggle. C．It stresses the function of the community. D．It inspires readers to be writers. 4．What did the author want to express? A．Enjoyment comes first. B．Enrich and fulfill yourself. C．Reputation plays an important role. D．Travel to explore the unseen. Passage 3 I don’t remember exactly when my love for second-hand books began, but I remember walking along the footpaths of Kings Circle, where my aunt lived, to make my birthday money stretch further by seeing just how many Agatha Christies I could buy. For many like me, there is a joy that comes from looking through other people’s collections — and often accidentally discovering the kinds of writing you had not known existed. That is, after all, what second-hand bookshops were created for, I think. It was in Literati Bookshop in Goa that I picked up my son Re’s first cookbook — My Learn to Cook Book, originally gifted to a Sherry in 1973 by Aunty Banso and Uncle Keki, going by the inscription (题字) inside. Also written alongside, in a different handwriting, was “Sherry’s first cooking book.” Maybe this was done by Sherry or her parent. I can’t tell. What I can say is that they did have a lot of fun cooking from this book as Re and I did — we made baked potatoes, zoo biscuits and fruit cakes from the recipes inside. Yashasvi Vachhani, a Mumbai-based writer and a second-hand book lover, said, “I once picked up a copy of Embers by Sandor Marai which had notes and thoughts written in green ink on the margin (边缘). The whole experience of reading the book was like having a conversation with the previous reader, agreeing with a few points, and adding my own thoughts. It was a great experience, one I still remember fondly.” The most precious second-hand book experience for me was receiving a copy of a dictionary that my late father-in-law had lovingly saved since it was first gifted to his son in 1980 and then came to mine, 38 years later. “I feel like a part of history, Mamma!” Re said, when he read the inscription inside from his grandfather to his father. He is. We all are when we hold a second-hand book in our hands. 1．Why does the author like visiting second-hand bookshops? A．She is on a very tight budget. B．She is quite into old editions. C．She comes upon unexpected finds. D．It enables her to meet like-minded people. 2．What can we learn about Re’s first cookbook? A．It witnessed much family cooking time. B．It was passed down through generations. C．It recorded Sherry’s cooking journey in detail. D．It was intended as a gift from his aunt and uncle. 3．What can we learn about Yashasvi Vachhani’s experience of reading Embers? A．She shared her thoughts with the previous reader. B．She took pleasure in reading the handwritten notes. C．She tried not to be influenced by the handwritten notes. D．She agreed with just a few points the writer made in the book. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．My idea about book shopping B．Old books: a hidden part of family history C．My passion for reading second-hand books D．Reading: a family tradition that has been passed down Passage 4 In casual conversations, government documents, and formal job interviews, there is a seemingly simple question I can never answer without hesitating: “Where are you from?” I could say I am from Japan—I was born there, after all. Or, should I say I am from the United States, whose culture, philosophy, and language are deeply rooted in my life? In my mind, none of these answers are satisfying enough. I gave in to this constant sense of sadness, until very recently. Inside my drawer is a simple, white bath towel that I have not used since I brought it from my parents’ house last summer. On an ordinary evening, I took it out to take a bath, but stopped after the soft, sweet, artificial smell of laundry detergent (洗涤剂) that my parents used back in Japan floated into my nose. I felt my eyes water as that random smell brought my mixed emotions to the surface: sadness, loneliness, and nostalgia. It’s silly, but I still avoid using that towel to this day because I don’t want to replace the smell of nostalgia with my Tide detergent. A similar thing happened when I was walking through a supermarket. Somehow being in the vegetable section, with the smells of raw vegetables and some unidentifiable spices, brought up the broad strokes of a memory from when I lived in California. That smell took me back to an open market my father always loved to go to. Anytime I come across that “vegetable smell,” I can blurrily (模糊地) picture the green plastic crates with onions, savory spices, and people’s voices. I don’t know the name of that market, where it was, or if it even exists now, but I can remember that it always brought a sense of comfort. Though, I still struggle when answering where I am from, in random moments, when a smell hits me with the memories it brings, I like to believe the things I feel then are things people feel when they are home. Myself, my “home,” are still split, but I am lucky enough to feel like I am “at home” in these brief moments. 1．What is the main challenge the author faces when asked “Where are you from?” A．She has never lived in a single country. B．She feels conflicted about her cultural identity. C．She dislikes talking about her background. D．She doesn’t understand the question. 2．What does the underlined word “nostalgia” mean in the third paragraph? A．Depression. B．Homesickness. C．Embarrassment. D．Thrill. 3．The “vegetable smell” in the supermarket reminds the author of ____________. A．her current cooking habits B．a specific market from her past in California C．her desire to become a chef D．the differences between Japanese and American markets 4．In the last paragraph, the author suggests that “home” is______________. A．a fixed geographical location B．a connection to birthplace C．an emotional experience that can occur briefly D．something that can only be found in one’s native country $专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题4 运动与健康 话题2 家庭生活 话题5 节日与习俗 话题3 社会关系 话题6 文学与文化 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of over-learning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks and the Three Bears. We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we over-learn in childhood. The law of over-learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．Children have a better memory than grown-ups. B．Poem reading is a good way to learn words. C．People remember well what they learnt in childhood. D．Stories for children are easy to remember. 2．The author explains the law of over-learning by ________. A．setting down general rules B．using examples C．making a comparison D．presenting research findings 3．According to the author, being able to use the multiplication tables is ________. A．a skill to deal with math problems B．a special case of cramming C．a result of over-learning D．a basic step towards advanced studies 4．What is the author’s opinion on cramming? A．It’s helpful only in a limited way. B．It leads to failure in college exams. C．It’s likely to result in poor memory. D．It increases students learning interest. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过成年人能长期记住童年所学技能的现象，引出“过度学习”理论，并分析其原理与应用，最后指出突击学习的局限性。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins ‘Twinkle, twinkle, little star’ or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.(成年人经常惊讶于他们对小时候学过但从未练习过的东西的记忆有多好。一个多年没有机会去游泳的人，当他回到水中时，仍然可以游得和以前一样好。多年后，他可以骑自行车离开。他和儿子一样能接球和击球。一位多年没想过这些词的母亲可以教女儿一首以‘一闪一闪，小星星’开头的诗，或者记住《灰姑娘》或《金发姑娘和三只熊》的故事。)”可知，第一段主要讲述人们很清楚地记得他们在童年学到的东西。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“One explanation is the law of over-learning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. (一种解释是过度学习定律，可以表述如下：一旦我们学到了一些东西，额外的学习尝试会增加我们记住它的时间。)”和第三段“In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks and the Three Bears. We not only learn but overlearn. (在童年时期，我们通常会在学习游泳、骑自行车和打棒球等技能很久之后继续练习这些技能。我们继续倾听并提醒自己‘一闪一闪，小星星’等词语，以及灰姑娘、金发姑娘和三只熊等童年故事。我们不仅学习，而且过度学习。)”可知，作者利用举例子的方式来阐述过度学习法则。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we over-learn in childhood.(乘法表是一个我们很快就会忘记在学校学到的东西的例外，因为它们是我们在童年时期过度学习的另一件事。)”可知，能够使用乘法口诀表是“过度学习”的结果。故选C。 4． 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The law of over-learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development. (过度学习定律解释了为什么为考试而突击学习，尽管可能会导致及格，但并不是学习大学课程的一种令人满意的方式。通过突击学习，学生可能会把这门课学得足够好，以通过考试，但他很可能很快就会忘记他学到的几乎所有东西。另一方面，一个人的未来发展确实需要一点过度学习。)”可知，作者认为突击学习仅在通过考试的有限范围内有用，但不利于长期记忆。故选A。 Passage 2 After I graduated with a Master’s in public relations in 2010, my first boss congratulated me, but he also brought me right back down to earth pretty quickly when he told me that I’d have to continue my education in order to progress throughout my career. I remember feeling shocked at the prospect, as I had sworn (发誓) I was done with essays and exams forever. Yet, here I was, hearing that I’d never truly be fully “educated”. I keep his words in mind, and whenever I find myself at a crossroads, I turn to education. When I decided to do an MBA in 2021, the big questions for me were: Where, and when? Dublin City University (DCU) stood out as I had benefited from what the university offered while studying for my degree in multimedia back in 2005. The course also took place on Thursdays, which allowed me flexibility at weekends. This was essential to balancing the course with my full-time work and family commitments. Over the two years of the course, I changed jobs twice, moving into global roles, which required a whole new degree of performance and commitment at work. I went to two FIFA World Cups leading social impact campaigns as part of the FIFA Communications team, and I was pregnant with my first child during my final term. Each of my classmates had their own unique journeys as well. Life happens anyway. I think the real question when you’re pursuing further education is “why”. If your “why” is strong enough and you truly believe in the benefits, the sacrifices (牺牲) that come alongside studying part-time become much easier. Our class gathered together each Thursday, enjoying the companionship beyond our traditional networking, which is truly a “money can’t buy” bonus of taking the course. I also found myself going into work each week with new strings added to my bow. I have seen my career progress in ways I couldn’t have imagined. And as for the advice of my first boss, surely I’m finished with essays and exams by now. 1．Why did the author choose to study part-time at DCU? A．It enabled her to study on weekends. B．It had a reputation for MBA programs. C．She had positive experience at DCU. D．She could set her own class schedule. 2．What happened to the author while she was pursuing her MBA? A．She got another college degree. B．She put her family ahead of work. C．She completely changed her career. D．She advanced her professional career. 3．What is an unexpected benefit of taking the MBA course? A．Starting a family. B．Developing friendships. C．Avoiding personal sacrifices. D．Getting more job opportunities. 4．What motivated the author to take lifelong education? A．Her desire for self-improvement. B．Her belief in its benefits. C．Her family’s encouragement. D．Her classmates’ persuasion. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在职场发展过程中认识到终身学习的重要性，通过攻读MBA的经历，她最终意识到了持续教育对个人成长的巨大价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When I decided to do an MBA in 2021, the big questions for me were: Where, and when? Dublin City University (DCU) stood out as I had benefited from what the university offered while studying for my degree in multimedia back in 2005. (2021年当我决定攻读MBA时，面临的首要问题是：去哪里读？什么时候读？都柏林城市大学(DCU)成为我的首选，因为早在2005年攻读多媒体学位时，我就曾受益于这所大学提供的优质教育资源)”可知，作者选择DCU是因为她过去在该校有良好的学习经历。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Over the two years of the course, I changed jobs twice, moving into global roles, which required a whole new degree of performance and commitment at work. I went to two FIFA World Cups leading social impact campaigns as part of the FIFA Communications team (在为期两年的MBA课程期间，我先后更换了两次工作，开始担任全球性职位，这要求我在工作中展现出全新的工作表现和投入度。作为国际足联传播团队的一员，我参与了两届世界杯足球赛，负责领导社会影响力宣传活动)”可知，在攻读MBA期间，作者在事业上取得了进展。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Our class gathered together each Thursday, enjoying the companionship beyond our traditional networking, which is truly a “money can’t buy” bonus of taking the course. (我们每周四都会聚在一起上课，这种超越传统社交的同伴情谊，正是这门课程带来的“金钱买不到”的珍贵收获)”可知，发展出友谊是学习MBA课程的一个意想不到的好处。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中“I think the real question when you’re pursuing further education is “why”. If your “why” is strong enough and you truly believe in the benefits, the sacrifices (牺牲) that come alongside studying part-time become much easier. (我认为，继续深造时真正关键的问题是“为什么”。如果你的求学动机足够坚定，并且真正相信它带来的价值，那么兼顾工作和学习的种种牺牲就会变得容易许多)”可知，作者非常认可教育带来的价值，认为这是求学的关键，再结合文中作者多次提到她从攻读MBA的经历中获益良多可推知，作者持续学习是因为坚信终身教育的好处。故选B项。 Passage 3 In today’s digital age, there exists a phenomenon (现象) where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information. Consider a situation where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you take in more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding weakens. Each new concept (理念) or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit (追求) of more information. Although there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this effort gets in the way of practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then jump into action rapidly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical (理论的) knowledge alone cannot. The comparison with a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually grasped. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By taking action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s important not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions. 1．What stops people from achieving the goal? A．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. B．The inability to find related information. C．The confusion caused by the information. D．The desire to learn basic concept or strategy. 2．What does the author try to advocate in paragraph 3 and 4? A．Sticking to continuous learning. B．Taking practical action without delay. C．Gaining as much knowledge as possible. D．Focusing on theoretical knowledge in study. 3．Why is the example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．To compare different learning styles. B．To show the importance of making mistakes. C．To stress the need for parental guidance. D．To illustrate learning through action and experience. 4．What makes the best title for the passage? A．The Balance of Learning and Doing. B．The Process of Accessing Information. C．The Pursuit of Advanced Knowledge. D．The Significance of Hands-on Experience. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出在数字时代，过度追求信息会阻碍目标的实现，倡导在学习和行动间取得平衡，通过行动和经验来达成目标。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Consider a situation where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you take in more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding weakens. Each new concept (理念) or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. (考虑一个你渴望实现一个特定目标的情况。你首先要进行广泛的研究，深入研究这个主题。当你接受的信息越多，你的理解力反而越弱。每一个新的概念或策略都揭示出更深的层次，使目标看起来更复杂、更遥不可及)”可知，过多信息使目标看起来更复杂、更遥不可及，造成的困惑会阻止人们实现目标。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit (追求) of more information.(这种情况是一个常见的陷阱：无休止地追求更多的信息)”和第四段“An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then jump into action rapidly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. (实现目标的另一种更有效的方法是在学习和行动之间取得平衡。收集必要的信息，然后迅速采取行动，即使你觉得自己有点准备不足)”可知，作者在第三、四段倡导不要无休止地追求更多的信息，而是立即采取实际行动。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical (理论的) knowledge alone cannot.(这通常是最好的学习方式，因为实践经验提供了理论知识无法提供的见解)”和第五段中“The comparison with a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually grasped. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. (与婴儿学走路的比较就是一个很好的例子。婴儿不是通过坐着分析走路的过程来学习走路的。相反，它通过尝试走路、摔倒，然后从每次摔倒中了解哪些方法可行，哪些不可行来学习。通过反复努力，最终学会了走路。这种方法也适用于实现目标)”可知，提到“婴儿学走路”的例子是为了说明要通过行动和经验来学习。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段“An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. (实现目标的另一种更有效的方法是在学习和行动之间取得平衡)”和最后一段“Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions.(学习应该是行动的垫脚石，而不是目的本身。只有通过收集知识和应用知识的相互作用，我们才能真正朝着我们的目标前进)”可知，本文主要论述了学习和行动要保持平衡。故A项“The Balance of Learning and Doing.(学习和实践的平衡)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 4 What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent. But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual struggle stories: stories about how scientists” struggled intellectually, “ such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family sure Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges. Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles. 1．Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists? A．They lack interest in science. B．They don’t possess inborn talent. C．They are short of confidence. D．They have no ability to study science. 2．What’s the purpose of the intervention? A．To introduce some inspirational stories to students B．To expose students to scientists’ great achievements. C．To ensure students will become scientists in the future. D．To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work. 3．The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A．permanent B．obvious C．doubtful D．delicate 4．What can we learn from the research? A．Science ability has nothing to do with efforts. B．Students are more motivated by achievement stories. C．Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs. D．Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过向学生介绍科学家们的奋斗故事，帮助学生认识到科学成就来自于努力而非单纯的天赋，从而提升他们的科学学习动力和成绩。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.(同样是这些学生中的许多人，很难把自己想象成科学家，他们列举出一些担忧，比如“我不擅长科学”以及“即使我努力学习，也学不好”。对他们来说，很容易认为科学家的工作源于一种天生的才能)”可知，许多学生难以把自己想象成科学家，是因为他们担心自己不擅长科学，觉得即使努力也做不好，很容易认为科学家的工作源于天生的才能，这体现出他们缺乏自信。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.(哥伦比亚大学师范学院和华盛顿大学的研究人员设计了一项干预措施，通过让学生接触那些成就卓著的科学家在科研过程中如何拼搏并克服挑战的故事，来改变学生们认为科学成就反映的是能力而非努力的观念)”可知，这项干预的目的是通过向学生讲述杰出科学家在科研工作中遇到的困难和克服挑战的故事，来改变学生认为科学成就反映能力而非努力的观念。因此，干预的目的是消除学生对科学工作的误解。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories.(研究人员发现，与对照组的学生相比，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后，其科学课程成绩都有所提高。这种效果在成绩较差的学生身上尤为pronounced，对于这些学生来说，接触奋斗故事使他们在科学课上的表现，明显好于那些阅读成就故事的成绩较差的学生)”可知，对于成绩较差的学生来说，这种效果尤为“明显”，即听了奋斗故事后，他们的科学课成绩显著提高。所以pronounced意思是“明显的”，与obvious意思最接近。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group.(研究人员发现，与对照组的学生相比，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后，其科学课程成绩都有所提高)”以及“By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles.(通过了解科学家所经历的奋斗历程，并认识到他们在完成伟大事业时所秉持的成长型思维模式，学生们能够在自己面对困难时，对科学家们的奋斗产生共情)”可知，听到科学家奋斗故事的学生在干预后科学成绩有提高，并且学生能够通过了解科学家的奋斗过程产生共情，这说明科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的观念。故选C。 话题2 家庭生活 Passage 1 A Florida teen is gaining national attention with her graduation speech and a basket of strawberries. “Care for some strawberries?” Brenda said at her graduation from Mulberry High School. After jokingly saying there might not be enough, she went on, “These are no ordinary strawberries.” She held up a series of strawberries, showing what each stands for: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains. Brenda described herself as the daughter of two tireless farmers who immigrated from Mexico and spent most of their days working in fields of strawberries, blueberries, and cucumbers. “My motivation has been rooted in my immigrant (移民) culture.” Because of this, she chose to focus on that in her speech. “Many students used to be ashamed of their upbringing but today we’re proud of what makes us.” She explained how she grew up under poor conditions. “I’m motivated by my parents’ hands that lose feeling from laborious work. Despite the hot sun and body pains, my parents back me up heart and soul in my education, which is more important than anything else in my academic success. I must work hard and succeed.” Brenda’s heading to Stanford University this fall. She also credited some of her outstanding achievements to her teacher Higgins, who helps immigrant students and the poor. Her speech has been viewed by thousands online. “Hearing it touched other people’s hearts who said they understood my message, I’m struck the same,” Brenda said later. The principal of Mulberry High School, Michael Young, was one member of the audience getting emotional. “The speech was very powerful — her fruit did help paint a good picture of things she wanted to convey,” Young said. As for her message to young people struggling, Brenda said, “Past circumstances aren’t in charge of your future. If you’re from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You’re the author of your story.” 1．Why did Brenda bring strawberries to her graduation? A．To share her home-grown fruit. B．To show hardship her parents faced. C．To better introduce her speech’s topic. D．To explain the importance of motivators. 2．What is the most important part in Brenda’s academic success? A．Help from her teacher. B．Her life experience. C．Her native culture. D．Support from her parents. 3．How did Brenda feel about the viewers’ response online? A．Alarmed. B．Interested. C．Sad. D．Moved. 4．What did Brenda convey to the young? A．Life is what you make it. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．Everyone deserves a good life story. D．Resources in hand decide your future. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了佛罗里达州青少年Brenda在毕业典礼上通过一篮草莓进行演讲，引起全国关注。她结合父母作为移民农民的艰辛经历，强调过去的情况不能决定未来，鼓励年轻人掌握自身命运。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中““Care for some strawberries?” Brenda said at her graduation from Mulberry High School. After jokingly saying there might not be enough, she went on, “These are no ordinary strawberries.” She held up a series of strawberries, showing what each stands for: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains. (“想来点草莓吗？”Brenda在马尔伯里高中毕业典礼上说。她开玩笑说可能不够，接着说：“这些草莓可不是普通的。”她拿起一串草莓，展示每个草莓代表的东西：汗水、污垢、疼痛和痛苦)”可知，Brenda把草莓带到现场，强调草莓的象征意义，随后在演讲中聚焦此话题，因此她带草莓是为了用具体意象引出演讲主题。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite the hot sun and body pains, my parents back me up heart and soul in my education, which is more important than anything else in my academic success. (尽管阳光炙热，身体疼痛，我的父母还是全心全意地支持我的教育，这对我的学业成功来说比什么都重要)”可知，父母的支持是Brenda成功的关键。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中Brenda所说的话“Hearing it touched other people’s hearts who said they understood my message, I’m struck the same (听到它触动了那些说他们理解我的讯息的人的心，我也被打动了)”可知，Brenda对网上观众的反应感到很感动。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Brenda所说的话“Past circumstances aren’t in charge of your future. If you’re from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You’re the author of your story. (过去的情况不能决定你的未来。如果你来自一个贫穷的家庭，利用一切资源，努力让自己变得更好。你是自己故事的作者)”可知，Brenda强调通过努力主动改变命运，书写自己的故事。由此可知，她想表达“生活是你自己创造的”。故选A项。 Passage 2 When I was ten, my brother and I received a wonderful gift — tennis rackets (球拍) and balls. One Saturday morning, my brother and I took our tennis rackets and balls to the school and took turns hitting our balls against the side of the two-storey school building. We were hitting the ball higher and faster. Suddenly, the ball went right through one of the upstairs windows. We looked around and nobody was in sight except an old man sitting on a porch (门廊) halfway. “What should we do?” I asked. My brother answered, “No one will know whose ball it is. No one saw us, except that old man. He probably can't see this far. Let's go home.” We picked up the rest of our balls and headed home. “What happened?” Mum asked. “Well,” my brother slowly began, “we had a great time until we hit the ball too hard and too high and it went right through the school window.” My mother said loudly, “You'll have to tell your father.” As soon as my father walked in the house, we hurried to him and told our story. He was composed and said, “Well, today is Saturday. On Monday, I'll call the school janitor (看门人) and see what we need to do.” We had two days to wait until our dad got home from work on Monday. He smiled, saying, “Well, I talked to the school janitor. He told me that he'd been sitting on his porch watching when you two were playing tennis. He said many windows had been broken, but we were the first ones to call. He said the school allows for window repair, so we won't have to pay for the window.” We discovered there's always someone who sees what we do and we might as well admit our mistakes. 1．Why did the author and his brother go home from the school? A．Their tennis balls went in the house. B．They got tired from playing tennis. C．Their bad behaviour would be found. D．They wanted to repair the windows. 2．What does the underlined word “composed” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Calm. B．Angry. C．Anxious. D．Surprised. 3．What can we learn from the janitor's words? A．He thought they were responsible. B．It was cheap to repair the windows. C．He enjoyed watching tennis games. D．It was hard to avoid such accidents. 4．What does the story tell us? A．We should avoid making mistakes. B．We should face up to mistakes. C．We should learn from what we did. D．We should depend on parents. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和哥哥在学校打网球时不慎打碎了学校的窗户。父亲得知情况后,决定打电话向校方认错弥补。 1．细节理解。根据第二段“No one will know whose ball it is. No one saw us, except that old man. He probably can't see this far. Let's go home.(没人会知道这是谁的球。除了那个老人没人看见我们。他可能看不到这么远。我们回家吧)” 可知，作者和哥哥从学校回家是因为他们觉得自己的不良行为可能会被发现。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第四段“He was composed and said, “Well, today is Saturday. On Monday, I'll call the school janitor(看门人) and see what we need to do.”(他 composed，说：“嗯，今天是星期六。星期一，我会打电话给学校看门人，看看我们需要做些什么”)”，结合语境，父亲没有生气或着急，而是很平和地安排处理事情，可推测“composed” 意思是“平静的”。故选 A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“He said many windows had been broken, but we were the first ones to call. He said the school allows for window repair, so we won't have to pay for the window.(他说很多窗户都被打破过，但我们是第一个打电话的。他说学校会负责窗户维修，所以我们不用赔偿窗户)” 可推知，看门人认为他们是有责任感的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段 “We discovered there's always someone who sees what we do and we might as well admit our mistakes.(我们发现总会有人看到我们的所作所为，我们不妨承认自己的错误)” 可知，这个故事告诉我们应该勇敢面对错误。故选B。 Passage 3 Little Johnny lived in a poor village. One summer day Johnny’s mother sent him to the field to pick up some dried wood for the fire. Johnny worked very hard. By the time the sun was high, he was very hot and wished for a cool place to rest and have some food. As he walked along, he found some fine, wild blueberries. “How good these will be with my bread and butter,” thought Johnny. He picked up all of the blueberries. As he was lifting the first blueberry to his mouth, he remembered his sick mother. With this in mind, he put the blueberry back again He thought how refreshing they would be for her, yet was still looking at them with a longing eye. “I will eat half, and take the other half to her,” he said. He divided them into two parts, but each part looked small. He put them together again. “I will only eat one,” he thought. But, as he again lifted it to his mouth, he saw that he had taken the finest, and he put it back. When the sun was beginning to sink, Johnny set out for home How happy he felt, then, that he had all his blueberries for his mother. He heard his mother’s faint (虚弱的) voice calling him “Is that you, Johnny? I am thirsty, and am longing for some tea.” Johnny ran to her and joyfully offered his wild blueberries “And you saved them for your sick mother, didn’t you? ”said she, laying her hand lovingly on his head, with tears in her eyes. 1．Why did Johnny go to the field? A．To eat his bread and butter. B．To dry the plants in their field C．To look for some wood for the fire. D．To pick some fruits for his mother to eat. 2．What does the underlined phrase “with a longing eye” show about Johnny? A．He wanted to find more blueberries. B．He felt that the sunlight was too strong. C．He wanted to eat the blueberries very much. D．He thought the blueberries were good for his mother. 3．Why did Johnny put down the blueberry the second time he lifted it to his mouth? A．Because it looked so small. B．Because it was the finest one. C．Because he was not so hungry. D．Because he wanted to eat other blueberries. 4．How did Johnny’s mother feel after seeing the blueberries? A．She felt the blueberries were so delicious. B．She was moved by her son’s care and love. C．She was too hungry to think about anything D．She thought that her son might want to eat them 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贫穷村庄的小男孩 Johnny 在为母亲收集木柴时，发现了蓝莓并最终克服自己的渴望，将它们全部留给生病的母亲的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“One summer day Johnny's mother sent him to the field to pick up some dried wood for the fire. (一个夏天的日子，Johnny 的妈妈让他去田里捡一些干柴生火。)”可知，Johnny 去田里是为了找一些生火的木头。故选 C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“He thought how refreshing they would be for her, yet was still looking at them with a longing eye. (他想着这些蓝莓对她来说会多么提神，但还是……看着它们。)”以及他之前想吃蓝莓的心理描写可知，Johnny 很想吃这些蓝莓。故选 C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“But, as he again lifted it to his mouth, he saw that he had taken the finest, and he put it back. (但是，当他再次把它举到嘴边时，他看到自己拿的是最好的一颗，于是他又把它放下了。)”可知，Johnny 第二次把蓝莓举到嘴边又放下是因为那是最好的一颗。故选 B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And you saved them for your sick mother, didn't you?' said she, laying her hand lovingly on his head, with tears in her eyes. (你为生病的妈妈把它们留了下来，是吗？'她说，爱怜地把手放在他的头上，眼里含着泪水。)”可推知，Johnny 的妈妈看到蓝莓后被儿子的关心和爱感动了。故选B。 Passage 4 After more than 30 years’ work with the youth, one of the common questions I get asked is how kids have changed over the years. My short answer is, kids haven’t changed. The world around them has. Modern children have not become a new, advanced species. They grow up at the same rate as before, following the same steps of change and growth and meet with the same basic problems that their parents did: confusion about the world; bad decisions; a lack of self-confidence; peer pressure; complete curiosity about the opposite gender (性别) while not fully understanding their own bodies; behaving like adults in one setting while seeming childish in another. But the world around them has changed. The difference is available to them through phones and laptops and streaming services, what is available on social media, and attractive offers and evil threats. Think how the younger you would have reacted to such a world. Thirteen-year-old me would have readily sought out answers to my confusion, even improper answers, falling victim to temptations (诱惑), bullying, and scams (诈骗). Meanwhile, I would’ve felt ashamed, depressed, and pleased. You would have to go to great lengths to block out the world for your children. One family wouldn’t allow their kids to have toy guns and tried to hide the concept of guns from them. The next thing you know, their five-year-old is running around with his forefinger and thumb aiming at things and shouting, “Bang, bang!” — He learned that while interacting with other children. Unless you cover your child’s eyes and hide them in your closet, they are going to encounter and be influenced by the world in some way. It’s better to set limits while allowing an age-appropriate increase in worldly interaction. Modern parenting requires conversation about temptation, self-image, and peer pressure such as marketing telling your child they’re not good enough. Parenting now requires active and gradual construction of your child’s self-respect. Modern parenting actually requires the same understanding that past parents needed: knowing what’s out there. Another way to think of it is, kids haven’t really changed. But parents must. 1．According to the author, why have children “not changed” over the years? A．Parents now have stricter rules. B．Their development remains the same. C．They lack access to modern technology. D．They are less curious about the world now. 2．What do modern children and their parents share during growth? A．Confusion about technology. B．Complete understanding of their own bodies. C．Exposure to social media threats. D．Struggles with self-confidence and peer pressure. 3．What does the example of the five-year-old shouting “Bang, bang!” illustrate? A．Children like toy guns by nature. B．Peer pressure only exists in modern societies. C．Parents can’t fully protect children from outside influences. D．Kids can’t avoid the outside world despite parental efforts. 4．What does the author recommend for modern parenting? A．Completely keep children away from technology. B．Allowing unlimited access to worldly interactions. C．Ignoring conversation about self-respect until they grow up. D．Setting limits while increasing worldly interaction properly. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了多年来孩子们并没有改变，改变的是他们周围的世界，以及现代父母应该如何应对这种变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Modern children have not become a new, advanced species. They grow up at the same rate as before, following the same steps of change and growth and meet with the same basic problems that their parents did: confusion about the world; bad decisions; a lack of self-confidence; peer pressure; complete curiosity about the opposite gender (性别) while not fully understanding their own bodies; behaving like adults in one setting while seeming childish in another. (现代儿童并没有成为一个新的、先进的物种。他们以和以前一样的速度成长，遵循着同样的变化和成长步骤，面临着和父母一样的基本问题：对世界的困惑；错误的决定；缺乏自信；同龄人的压力；对异性完全好奇，同时又不完全了解自己的身体；在一个环境中表现得像成年人，而在另一个环境中又显得孩子气。)”可知，作者认为孩子们多年来“没有改变”是因为孩子们的成长是一样的，遵循着同样的变化和成长步骤。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They grow up at the same rate as before, following the same steps of change and growth and meet with the same basic problems that their parents did: confusion about the world; bad decisions; a lack of self-confidence; peer pressure; (他们以和以前一样的速度成长，遵循着同样的变化和成长步骤，面临着和父母一样的基本问题：对世界的困惑；错误的决定；缺乏自信；同龄人的压力；)”可知，现代儿童和他们的父母在成长过程中都面临着缺乏自信和同龄人压力的问题。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“The next thing you know, their five-year-old is running around with his forefinger and thumb aiming at things and shouting, “Bang, bang!” — He learned that while interacting with other children.(接下来你知道，他们五岁的孩子正用食指和拇指指着东西跑来跑去，大喊：‘砰，砰！’——这是他在与其他孩子互动时学到的。)”以及下文“Unless you cover your child’s eyes and hide them in your closet, they are going to encounter and be influenced by the world in some way. (除非你把孩子的眼睛蒙上，把他们藏在壁橱里，否则他们总会以某种方式遇到这个世界，并受到它的影响。)”可知，五岁孩子大喊“砰砰！”的例子说明了父母无法完全保护孩子免受外界影响。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It’s better to set limits while allowing an age-appropriate increase in worldly interaction. Modern parenting requires conversation about temptation, self-image, and peer pressure such as marketing telling your child they’re not good enough. Parenting now requires active and gradual construction of your child’s self-respect. (最好在允许与世俗适当增加互动的同时设定限制。现代育儿需要讨论诱惑、自我形象和同伴压力，比如营销手段告诉你的孩子他们不够好。现在的育儿需要积极而逐步地培养孩子的自尊。现代育儿实际上需要与过去父母所需要的同样的理解：知道外面有什么。)”可知，作者建议现代父母在适当增加与世界的互动的同时设定限制。故选D项。 话题3 社会关系 Passage 1 Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever). Over the years, I have realized that in an inter-generational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare. One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next inter-generational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later. I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals. This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about inter-generational friendships. My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures. It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 1．What has the author gained from her connection with Ruby? A．Elderly people feel lonely and require care. B．Nurses have a higher chance of building friendships. C．Modern healthcare can narrow generation gaps. D．Friendships offer valuable lessons between different age groups. 2．What is the main theme of the author’s book? A．The happiness found in friendships across generations. B．The positive effects of having friends. C．The value of offering healthcare services. D．The creation of enjoyable activities. 3．How did the book influence society? A．Schools encouraged children to read more. B．Children began making friends with elderly people. C．More writers created stories about the elderly. D．Service projects became very popular. 4．What is the importance of the book for the author? A．It gave her a steady source of income. B．It helped her get back in touch with old friends. C．It allowed her to make contributions to others’ lives. D．It helped her realize her childhood dream. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与89岁的Ruby建立跨代友谊的经历，以及由此创作书籍并推动社会关注老年人与儿童互动的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare. (多年来，我意识到，在像我们这样的代际友谊中，每一代人都有很多东西可以相互学习和传授。Ruby也是一名护士。我喜欢听她讲她的护理实践，而她总是渴望听到当今医疗保健方面的进展。)”可知，从和Ruby的跨代友谊中，作者学到跨代友谊是互相学习的源泉。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. (接下来的8个月里，我创作了《Ruby小姐和Gigi小队：友谊不分年龄》。这本书记录了孩子们多年来为Ruby创造的许多有趣的事件。)”可知，书籍的主题是跨代友谊的快乐。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures. (我在书中加入了一个名为“阳光包计划”的活动，这个活动很受欢迎，孩子们开始给老人这些特殊的袋子，里面装着信件、卡片和小宝贝。)”可知，书籍促使儿童主动与老年人建立友谊。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. (当我知道在人生的下一个篇章中，我可以继续为他人带来改变时，我也感到很高兴——这一切都是因为我有勇气走出自己的舒适区，朝着作者的方向迈出了美妙的一步。)”可知，书籍让作者得以持续为他人带来改变，这使她能够为他人的生活做出贡献。故选C。 Passage 2 GUANGDONG — “Twinkle, twinkle, little star, which one is your eye ...” The enchanting melody (旋律), sung by a group of autistic (自闭症的) people from the Aite ensemble (乐团), is as comforting as the starry sky. With the sounds of various musical instruments in perfect harmony and the gentle voice of their teacher humming a merry tune, the group is lost in the world of music in a classroom at the Sunshine Cultural and Sports Center in Nanshan district, Shenzhen. The musical journey of this ensemble started with the mother of one member, Beibei. At 20, Beibei started to learn piano, for which he showed great talent and interests. With the efforts and company of his mother, Sun Lili, he made something of himself in competitions and on TV. “Many people got to know Beibei through music and gradually came to understand the autistic community. I wondered if we could bring those with autistic disorders together and connect them in the world of music,” says Sun. Then born the idea of creating an ensemble in 2013. It was a rough ride at the time when it started. There was no training space or teacher. Sun decided to use her home as a classroom and invited Beibei’s piano teacher in to lead the ensemble. As it takes longer for autistic people to interpret information, their mothers must memorize all the key points in class and practice the musical pieces with their children at home until they master them. Sun still remembers the members’ sweat-soaked shirts and the mothers’ eyes filled with tears of joy. Expanding from one to 12 members, with donations from many kind people and organizations, the Aite ensemble has experienced a difficult yet impressive 10-year journey. The voices of “these twinkling stars” are heard by more people now. 1．Why did Sun decide to establish the Aite ensemble? A．Because she felt the needs of autistic people from her son’s experience. B．Because she determined to start up her own business to support her son. C．Because her son talented at playing piano had an idea for training others. D．Because some mothers of autistic children had encouraged her to do so. 2．What difficulties did Sun meet when starting the ensemble? A．The members were unwilling to get trained. B．There was a lack of teachers and classrooms. C．The process of teaching was very challenging. D．She couldn’t afford to buy musical instruments. 3．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “interpret”? A．share B．explain C．collect D．understand 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．A tough journey to great success B．Great mothers raise excellent sons C．Stars twinkling in the Aite ensemble D．Fight with autistic spectrum disorders 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了深圳南山阳光文体中心的 Aite 乐团的成立故事，该乐团由自闭症患者组成，创始人Sun Lili 受儿子学琴经历启发，克服困难成立乐团，让这些自闭症患者在音乐世界中闪耀。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“The musical journey of this ensemble started with the mother of one member, Beibei. At 20, Beibei started to learn piano, for which he showed great talent and interests. With the efforts and company of his mother, Sun Lili, he made something of himself in competitions and on TV. (这个乐团的音乐之旅始于其中一位成员贝贝的母亲。20 岁时，贝贝开始学习钢琴，他在这方面展现出了极高的天赋和浓厚的兴趣。在母亲孙丽丽的努力陪伴下，他在比赛和电视节目中崭露头角。)”根据第四段“Many people got to know Beibei through music and gradually came to understand the autistic community. I wondered if we could bring those with autistic disorders together and connect them in the world of music (很多人通过音乐认识了贝贝，并逐渐了解了自闭症群体。我就在想，我们是否可以把自闭症患者聚集起来，在音乐的世界里将他们联系在一起）” 可知，Sun 是从儿子的经历中感受到了自闭症患者的需求，才决定成立 Aite 乐团。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“There was no training space or teacher. Sun decided to use her home as a classroom and invited Beibei’s piano teacher in to lead the ensemble. (当时没有训练场地和老师。Sun 决定把自己家当作教室，并邀请贝贝的钢琴老师来带领乐团。）” 可知，Sun 成立乐团时遇到的困难是缺乏老师和教室。故选B。 3．词句猜测题，根据第五段“As it takes longer for autistic people to interpret information, their mothers must memorize all the key points in class and practice the musical pieces with their children at home until they master them. (由于自闭症患者需要更长时间来 interpret 信息，他们的母亲必须记住课堂上所有的要点，并在家与孩子一起练习曲目，直到他们掌握为止。)”，可知,家长必须参与其中，所以指这里指自闭症患者需要更长时间来理解信息，interpret 意思与understand 相近。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。主要讲述了深圳南山阳光文体中心的 Aite 乐团的成立故事，该乐团由自闭症患者组成，创始人Sun Lili 受儿子学琴经历启发，克服困难成立乐团，让这些自闭症患者在音乐世界中闪耀。所以短文的最佳标题为“在 Aite 乐团中闪耀的星星”。故选C。 Passage 3 There’s comfort in the bottom of a swimming pool. In the open air, the noises all demanded your attention: the lifeguard’s whistle, the slapping of feet across the ground, the voices asking for different things. It reminded me of the school cafeteria, packed with kids: too loud to read a book in. But beneath the surface, things were quiet. The sounds that used to annoy me lost all their power. Instead, they mixed with the splashing of the water and the gentle blub-blub of air bubbles escaping my nose. All the noises worked together to create a symphony. Harmony. Perhaps the best thing about the bottom of a swimming pool, though, was that at the bottom of a swimming pool, I was alone. I didn’t have to worry about anyone splashing or kicking or making fun of me. They were all far, far away up on the surface. It was only me. Just me. I used to wish I could live underwater. Mermaids (美人鱼) didn’t have to go to school. Mermaids didn’t call other mermaids nerds (怪胎). But once, when I came up for air, I spotted a girl my age at the other side of the pool. We locked eyes before I went back under, just for a second. I didn’t think anything of it — girls like her usually didn’t want to be seen around me — until I felt a soft tug on my ankle, and I spied her next to me. She actually wanted to talk to me. She wanted to be friends. So we talked. And I found out that she liked Pokémon and Warrior Cats just like I did. And we competed to see who could make the biggest splash, and when it got dark and the lights came on, we explored the depths of the pool together. I didn’t spend so much time at the bottom of a swimming pool after that. How could I when there was so much waiting for me on the surface? 1．What does the author think of the school cafeteria? A．Crowded and noisy. B．Quiet and empty. C．Harmonious and lively. D．Comfortable and satisfying. 2．The author mentions mermaids in paragraph 4 to ______. A．show his fondness of his schoolmates B．highlight his love of reading literature C．stress his desire for peace and being alone D．share his imagination of the underwater world 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “spotted” in Paragraph 5? A．taught. B．stopped. C．discovered. D．trained. 4．What was the author’s attitude toward the girl at first? A．Curious. B．Grateful. C．Impatient. D．Uninterested. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者原本喜欢待在游泳池底部享受安静和独处，后来遇到一个同龄女孩并和她成为朋友，从此不再总是待在池底的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It reminded me of the school cafeteria, packed with kids: too loud to read a book in. (这让我想起了学校的自助餐厅，挤满了孩子：太吵了，没法在里面看书。)”可知，作者认为学校食堂是拥挤且吵闹的。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Perhaps the best thing about the bottom of a swimming pool, though, was that at the bottom of a swimming pool, I was alone. I didn’t have to worry about anyone splashing or kicking or making fun of me. (不过，也许游泳池底部最棒的地方在于，在游泳池底部，我是独自一人。我不必担心有人溅水、踢水或取笑我。)”以及第四段“I used to wish I could live underwater. Mermaids (美人鱼) didn’t have to go to school. Mermaids didn’t call other mermaids nerds (怪胎). (我曾经希望我能生活在水下。美人鱼不必去上学。美人鱼不会称其他美人鱼为怪胎。)”可知，作者喜欢在游泳池底部的原因是能享受独处，不用担忧别人的打扰，而提到美人鱼不用上学，也不会互相嘲笑，也是表达了作者对那种安静、独处、没有烦恼的生活的向往。所以作者在第四段提到美人鱼是为了强调他对平静和独处的渴望。故选C项。 3．词义猜测题。根据第五段“But once, when I came up for air, I spotted a girl my age at the other side of the pool. We locked eyes before I went back under, just for a second. (但有一次，当我浮出水面换气时，我看到泳池另一边有一个和我年龄相仿的女孩。在我再次潜入水下之前，我们对视了一眼，仅仅一秒钟。)”可知，作者在浮出水面换气时，看到了泳池另一边和自己同龄的女孩，并且在再次潜入水下之前，和她对视了一秒钟。结合语境，“spotted”在这里应是“发现，看到”的意思，与“discovered(发现)”意思相近。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“I didn’t think anything of it — girls like her usually didn’t want to be seen around me — until I felt a soft tug on my ankle, and I spied her next to me. She actually wanted to talk to me. She wanted to be friends. (我对此毫不在意 —— 像她那样的女孩通常不想在我身边被人看到 —— 直到我感到脚踝被轻轻拉了一下，然后我看到她在我旁边。她实际上想和我说话。她想成为朋友。)”可知，作者一开始觉得像那个女孩那样的人通常不想和自己在一起，所以当看到那个女孩时，并没有多想，直到女孩主动和自己接触，才意识到她想和自己做朋友。由此可以推断出作者一开始对那个女孩是不感兴趣的。故选D项。 Passage 4 Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there. While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France. Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better. Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said. The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea. 1．What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1? A．He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B．He worked at a nice place in Paris. C．He studied marketing for nine years. D．He became a casting director in London. 2．What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand? A．The use of different clothes. B．The jobs of fashion designers. C．The importance of recycling. D．The value of good quality. 3．What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa? A．They are a good way to help poorer countries. B．They have made the African industry grow fast. C．They have made clothes environmentally friendly. D．They have done no good to the African economy. 4．What is the main aim of this text? A．To tell the story of an excellent designer. B．To encourage more designers to be creative. C．To analyze the result of second-hand clothes. D．To help a designer’s fashion business grow. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了设计师Delilah通过循环利用服饰来给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there.(在做了九年的选角导演后，Delilah在迪尤拉弗伊街找到了一份工作。这是巴黎一个很受欢迎的地方，许多巴黎的时装设计师都喜欢去那里)”可知，Delilah在巴黎的一个好地方工作。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France.(如果你仔细观察他陈列室里的衣服，你就会发现他的设计过程是多么的特别。他把通过慈善机构从欧洲和美国运到非洲的衣服拿过来。然后，他给他们一个新的外观，并在法国出售)”可知，Delilah的服装品牌背后的理念是循环利用的重要性。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“The second-hand clothing market in Africa started  because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems.  First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys  make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand  clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African  cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time  getting better.(二手服装市场在非洲的兴起是因为人们想要帮助贫穷的国家。但它有两个问题。首先，许多衣服不能再用。这些没人买的衣服造成了更多的浪费。第二，自20世纪80年代末以来，太多的二手衣服进入了非洲市场。这使得非洲布业面临着巨大的危机，目前仍难以好转)”可推知，非洲的二手衣服对非洲经济没有任何好处。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa.(当Delilah在那里工作并观察顾客时，她萌生了为欧洲市场制作服装的想法。他想给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命)”以及文章主要介绍了设计师Delilah通过循环利用服饰来给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是讲述一个优秀设计师的故事。故选A。 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 Teenagers are growing increasingly inactive worldwide. Worse still is the fact that Australia, a nation that prides itself on its outdoor culture, is doing particularly poorly. We’re currently ranked 140th out of 146 countries for teenage exercise levels. The data shows that 85% of girls are physically inactive compared to 78% of boys. In Australia, less than 1 in 10 adolescents aged 12 to 18 are meeting the recommended levels of physical activity. The current guidelines and evidence state that teenagers should do at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous(剧烈的) physical activity per day. This should include muscle and bone strengthening activities at least three days per week, whilst limiting recreational screen time to a maximum of 2 hours per day. Not being sufficiently active can cause a range of health conditions leading to early adulthood and beyond. Adolescents may have decreased bone and cardio-metabolic(心脏代谢的) health which leaves them facing an increased risk of chronic disease in later life, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and decreased fitness. If you're not moving enough, you’re also at an increased risk of being overweight or obese, with statistics already showing that 29. 8% of teenagers are classified as overweight. So how can we get teenagers to exercise more? Firstly, high schools should place more importance on lunchtime and allow 1-hour breaks that increase physical activity. We should also encourage teenagers to be active on their lunch break. Parents and guardians also have an important role to play and should aim to dedicate 1 hour a day to moving more. This does not need to be 1 full hour and can be broken down into two 30-minute blocks. The most important factor is to identify your teenager’s interests, level, and needs surrounding their physical activity. Don’t be afraid to ask for assistance in finding a safe and fun exercise program. An accredited(经授权的) exercise physiologist or exercise scientist can help your child find a way to be more active that is suited to their needs, age of development, and interests. 1．What does the data about teenagers in Australia show? A．Girls are more active than boys. B．They generally lack enough exercise. C．Boys prefer vigorous physical activity. D．They are proud of their outdoor culture. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．A lack of exercise does lasting harm to health. B．Outdoor activities help build positive character C．Most chronic diseases come from getting overweight. D．Teenagers tend to take in more calories than they need. 3．What is especially important when it comes to encouraging teenagers to exercise more? A．Parents’ full participation in exercising. B．Taking their interests into consideration. C．Improvement in the school PE course. D．Arranging a balanced diet for them. 4．Why does the author most probably write the text? A．To recommend fun exercise B．To encourage physical activity among teenagers. C．To explain the reason for teenagers’ poor health. D．To demonstrate the way to build a good living habit. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述澳大利亚青少年运动不足，缺乏锻炼危害健康，文章提出鼓励青少年多运动的方法及求助途径。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The data shows that 85% of girls are physically inactive compared to 78% of boys. In Australia, less than 1 in 10 adolescents aged 12 to 18 are meeting the recommended levels of physical activity.(数据显示，85% 的女孩缺乏身体活动，而男孩的这一比例为 78%。在澳大利亚，12 岁至 18 岁的青少年中，只有不到十分之一的人达到了建议的身体活动水平。)”可知，澳大利亚的青少年普遍缺乏足够的锻炼。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Not being sufficiently active can cause a range of health conditions leading to early adulthood and beyond. Adolescents may have decreased bone and cardio-metabolic (心脏代谢的) health which leaves them facing an increased risk of chronic disease in later life, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol, and decreased fitness. If you're not moving enough, you’re also at an increased risk of being overweight or obese, with statistics already showing that 29. 8% of teenagers are classified as overweight.(缺乏足够的身体活动会导致一系列健康问题，一直延续到成年早期及以后。青少年的骨骼和心脏代谢健康可能会下降，这使他们在以后的生活中面临更高的患慢性病的风险，包括 2 型糖尿病、心脏病、高胆固醇和体质下降。如果你运动不足，你超重或肥胖的风险也会增加，统计数据已经显示，29.8% 的青少年被归类为超重。)”可知，该段主要讲述了缺乏锻炼会对健康造成持久的危害。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The most important factor is to identify your teenager’s in terests, level, and needs surrounding their physical activity.(最重要的因素是确定你家青少年在身体活动方面的兴趣、水平和需求。)”可知，在鼓励青少年多锻炼时，考虑他们的兴趣尤其重要。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。文章开头指出澳大利亚青少年缺乏锻炼的现状，接着阐述了缺乏锻炼对健康的危害，然后提出了如何让青少年多锻炼的方法，最后提到可以寻求帮助找到适合青少年的锻炼项目。根据第一段“Teenagers are growing increasingly inactive worldwide. Worse still is the fact that Australia, a nation that prides itself on its outdoor culture, is doing particularly poorly.(在全球范围内，青少年越来越缺乏身体活动。更糟糕的是，澳大利亚，一个以其户外文化为傲的国家，在这方面做得尤其差。)”以及第四段“So how can we get teenagers to exercise more?(那么我们怎样才能让青少年多锻炼呢？)”等内容可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了鼓励青少年进行身体活动。故选B项。 Passage 2 If you lack time to exercise during the working week, don’t worry. A study of nearly 90,000 participants in the UK suggests that putting all your weekly exercise on weekends still has significant health benefits compared with being inactive. In this study, participants who cram all their recommended weekly physical activity into one or two days are referred to as “weekend warriors”. The researchers collected data from 89,573 volunteers by requiring them to wear a wrist device (手腕设备) to track their weekly physical activity. These participants were then divided into three groups based on their exercise patterns (模式): regular exercisers, who spread their exercise throughout the week; weekend warriors, who did most of their exercise in one day or two; and inactive participants. After grouping the participants, the researchers compared their health records to examine the related health benefits. The study found that, compared with those who were inactive, weekend warriors and regular exercisers experienced similar health benefits, with both groups having a lower risk of developing more than 200 diseases. Specifically, the strongest effects were for cardiometabolic diseases. Both groups had a 20%lower risk of high blood pressure and a 40%lower risk of diabetes. Dr. Shaan Khurshid, a cardiologist at Massachusetts general hospital in Boston, who led the study, said, “It shows that, for health benefits, it’s really the amount of physical activity rather than its frequency that matters. The key is, however you are going to get that amount, do it in the way that works for you.” Khurshid also mentioned the need for more research to explore whether the “weekend warrior” workout pattern could help people reach their activity goals more easily. “It might be more convenient for some people and help them follow public health advice better,” he said. 1．What does the underlined word “cram” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Pack. B．Break. C．Divide. D．Turn. 2．How did the researchers test the health benefits in the three groups? A．By checking their physical health. B．By comparing their health records. C．By reviewing their exercise records. D．By examining their workout patterns. 3．According to Dr. Khurshid, what is more important for health benefits? A．How often you exercise each week. B．How long you exercise each time. C．How much exercise you do each week D．How much effort you put into exercise. 4．What can we infer about the “weekend warrior” workout pattern? A．It follows public health advice. B．It might suit people with busy schedules. C．It could help people reach their workout goals. D．It will soon be promoted as the best exercise plan. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现与不运动相比，把每周的锻炼都放在周末仍然对健康有显著的好处。解释了研究开展的经过以及研究带来的启示。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“putting all your weekly exercise on weekends still has significant health benefits compared with being inactive (与不运动相比，把每周的锻炼都放在周末仍然对健康有显著的好处)”以及后文“all their recommended weekly physical activity into one or two days are referred to as “weekend warriors” (把每周推荐的体育活动都……一到两天的参与者被称为“周末勇士”)”可知，把一周推荐的体育活动都塞进周末的一到两天的人被称为“周末勇士”。故划线词意思是“塞进”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“After grouping the participants, the researchers compared their health records to examine the related health benefits. (在对参与者进行分组后，研究人员比较了他们的健康记录，以检查相关的健康益处。)”可知，研究人员通过比较他们的健康记录测试这三组人的健康益处。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It shows that, for health benefits, it’s really the amount of physical activity rather than its frequency that matters. (研究表明，对健康有益的是体育活动的量，而不是频率。)”可知，根据库尔希德博士的说法，每周做多少运动对健康更重要。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you lack time to exercise during the working week, don’t worry. A study of nearly 90,000 participants in the UK suggests that putting all your weekly exercise on weekends still has significant health benefits compared with being inactive. In this study, participants who cram all their recommended weekly physical activity into one or two days are referred to as “weekend warriors”. (如果你在工作日没有时间锻炼，不要担心。英国一项对近9万名参与者进行的研究表明，与不运动相比，把每周的锻炼都放在周末仍然对健康有显著的好处。在这项研究中，把每周推荐的体育活动都塞进一到两天的参与者被称为“周末勇士”。)”可知，工作日没有时间锻炼可以放到周末，故“周末勇士”的锻炼模式可能适合日程繁忙的人。故选B。 Passage 3 I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish. Then, seven years ago, when I was 43, I went to talk with someone who had just done the Sahara Desert race. I felt so inspired and promised I would run it, too. A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next. My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. On the first day, I ran for around six to seven hours, eating along the way to get more energy. On day two, I tore my right Achilles tendon (跟腱). I slowed my pace and thought about the soldiers’ charity I was doing the run for. It was nothing compared with some of their injuries. Then, on day 26, it got worse. I couldn’t bear even the light touch of an ice cube. I had to walk through the day, which took almost 11 hours. I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life. On May 20 I finished, four days after my 50th birthday. It’s been a long progression from being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) to where I am now. I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already. 1．How was the author’s first marathon? A．He didn’t finish it. B．He didn’t do it well. C．He got hurt halfway. D．He fell in love with it. 2．What was the writer’s purpose of running marathons in the UK? A．To raise money for a charity. B．To create a new world record. C．To prepare for a marathon race. D．To push himself to reach the goal. 3．What does the author think is the most important quality he has? A．Kindness. B．Curiosity. C．Bravery. D．Determination. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Never Stop Running B．Running Makes Success C．Being Prepared for Running D．Running for a Better Future 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从首次艰难完成马拉松到挑战自我，连续在英国66个城市完成50公里跑，为慈善筹款并纪念父亲的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running go get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish.(我25岁时第一次跑马拉松。我开始跑步是为了健身，我想试一试。然而，我开始得太快了，发现它很痛苦，挣扎着完成)”可知，作者第一次跑马拉松时起始速度过快，痛苦并挣扎着完成。由此可知，作者的第一次马拉松做得不好。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. (我的父亲是一名退伍军人，刚刚死于癌症，我想为一个军人慈善机构筹集资金，以纪念他。英国有66个城市，所以我提出了一个挑战——在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日)”可知，作者的父亲是一位前军人，因癌症去世，作者希望为一个军人慈善机构筹集资金以纪念他。由此可知，作者在英国跑步的主要目的是为慈善事业筹集资金。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life.(我一直告诉自己我不能失败。如果我放弃了，痛苦就会停止，但我知道我会后悔一辈子)”以及尾段中的“I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.(我只是有决心，并且已经计划好了下一个目标)”可知，作者在感到痛苦的时候不断提醒自己不能放弃，并且认为自己有决心。由此推知，作者认为决心是他最重要的品质。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running go get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish.(我25岁时第一次跑马拉松。我开始跑步是为了健身，我想试一试。然而，我开始得太快了，发现它很痛苦，挣扎着完成)”可知，作者第一次跑马拉松做的不好，根据第二段中的“A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next.(一年后，我在纳米比亚沙漠完成了24小时超级马拉松，我想知道接下来我到底能做什么)”和“There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between.(英国有66个城市，所以我提出了一个挑战——在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日)”可知，作者一年后完成了24小时超级马拉松，并在接下来挑战在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日，并最终取得成功，结合尾段的“Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.(任何人都能做到，我不是超人。我只是有决心，并且已经计划好了下一个目标)”可知，作者从第一次艰难的马拉松经历，到后来挑战自我完成一系列极限跑步，展现了作者不会停止追求新的目标的决心。由此可知，“Never Stop Running(永不停止奔跑)”最能概括文本的主题思想，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 Passage 4 Parkinson’s is a progressive brain disease which leads to shaky hands and slow movement, and there is no cure. Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese martial art that combines (结合) slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may be an effective means of reducing the suffering. Recently, the researchers say that those who practiced the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn’t. Experts say the findings back up previous studies on the benefits of exercise for those with Parkinson’s. The study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson’s patients for up to five years. One group of 147 people practiced regular Tai Chi while another group of 187 did not. The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms (症状), movement and balance. This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group. At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved. Prof. Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology and neuroepidemiology (神经流行病学) at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study” - the positive effects on aspects of motor (运动的) and non-motor functions are striking. However, researchers also pointed out that the number of participants in the study was relatively small, and further research is needed. “We already recommend Tai Chi, as well as other forms of exercise, but understanding which forms of exercise are most beneficial is an important goal to improve the long-term management of patients,” he said. 1．Why was the study conducted? A．To remove the misunderstanding of the previous studies. B．To research the benefits of Tai Chi for those with Parkinson’s. C．To find a cure for Parkinson’s disease. D．To improve the sleep quality of Parkinson’s patients. 2．Which of the following is a finding of the researchers? A．The concentration level was lower in the Tai Chi group. B．Patients in the non-Tai Chi group seldom fell down. C．The disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group. D．Back pain and dizziness were relieved in the non-Tai group. 3．What does the underlined word “striking” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Disappointing. B．Demanding. C．Challenging. D．Amazing. 4．What can we learn from Prof. Alastair Noyce’s words? A．It is unnecessary to do more related studies. B．It’s impossible to improve the long-term management of patients. C．Tai Chi should be given more preference. D．Finding the most beneficial exercise is of importance. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太极拳作为一种中国传统武术，可能对帕金森病患者的症状缓解和生活质量提升具有积极作用。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese martial art that combines (结合) slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may be an effective means of reducing the suffering. Recently, the researchers say that those who practiced the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn’t. Experts say the findings back up previous studies on the benefits of exercise for those with Parkinson’s. (太极拳，这一将缓慢、轻柔的动作与深呼吸及放松相结合的中国传统武术，或许是减轻病痛的一种有效手段。近期，研究人员表示，那些每周练习两次太极拳的患者，相较于不练习的患者，出现的并发症更少，生活质量也更高。专家称，这些研究结果印证了此前关于运动对帕金森病患者有益的相关研究。)” 可知，研究都是围绕太极拳对帕金森病患者的益处展开的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms (症状), movement and balance. (研究人员发现，从症状、行动能力以及平衡能力等方面的衡量来看，练习太极拳的这一组患者病情进展更为缓慢。)”可知，研究人员发现从症状、运动和平衡方面的测量来看，练太极拳的那一组患者病情进展更慢。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“Prof. Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology and neuroepidemiology(神经流行病学) at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study”— the positive effects on aspects of motor(运动的) and non-motor functions are striking. (伦敦玛丽女王大学神经学与神经流行病学教授阿拉斯泰尔・诺伊斯称这是一项“重要的研究”——其对运动功能和非运动功能各方面产生的积极影响……。)”可知，伦敦玛丽女王大学的教授称这项研究是“重要的研究”，并且强调其对运动功能和非运动功能各方面产生的积极影响十分“striking”。结合前文所阐述的练习太极拳的那一组患者在病情进展、摔倒情况、疼痛头晕情况以及睡眠和生活质量等多方面都有良好的表现，说明这种积极影响是很显著、令人惊叹的。选项D“amazing”，意为“令人惊奇的、惊人的”，与此相符。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We already recommend Tai Chi, as well as other forms of exercise, but understanding which forms of exercise are most beneficial is an important goal to improve the long-term management of patients,” he said. (他表示：“我们已经推荐太极拳以及其他形式的运动了，但了解哪种运动形式最为有益，对于改善患者的长期病情管理来说是一个重要目标。”)”可知，Prof. Alastair Noyce认为了解哪种运动形式最有益处对于改善患者的长期病情管理是一个重要目标，这明确表明了找到最有益的运动形式是很重要的。故选D。 话题5 节日与习俗 Passage 1 Xishuangbanna, one of the eight autonomous prefectures (自治州) in Southwest China’s Yunnan province, has made it to the list of Lonely Planet’s top 10 regions to visit in 2022. With the China-Laos railway scheduled to open on December 2, 2021, trips to Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture would be more accessible. Along with neighboring Myanmar and Laos, the exotic region is best known for dense tropical rainforest and distinct ethnic culture. A paradise for plants and animals Xishuangbanna boasts the most intact tropical ecosystem in China, which harbors a quarter of the country’s animal species and one sixth of plants. There are quite a few spots to get a glimpse of this animal and plant paradise, and Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) always comes first. XTBG, situated in the south of the province, is not only the country’s top level tourist attraction, but also a research institution affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Home to over 13,000 species of plants, it is one of the largest tropical botanical gardens in the country. The site is divided into two areas: one in the east, and the other in the west. The western area has 20 small botanical gardens that contain a wide variety of peculiar plants. The eastern area is three times bigger than the other, featuring dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. If tropical plants are not enough, the Wild Elephant Valley would be a great option for animal lovers. The nature reserve is the only place in China to observe Asian elephants at close quarters and it shelters other rare wild animals, too. Dai ethnic culture The Dai ethnic group has lived in Xishuangbanna for centuries, accounting for around 30 percent of the region’s population. A visit to the tropical paradise would never be complete without experiencing the local culture. Manting Park is the oldest park in the region that dates back 1,300 years, which is also one of the main venues for the annual Water Splashing Festival (WSF), the most important traditional occasion for the Dai people to welcome the New Year. The festival usually falls in mid-April and involves three days of festive celebrations, including religious rituals, water splashing, boat racing and releasing sky lanterns. 1．What makes trips to Xishuangbanna easier? A．That Xishuangbanna is a paradise for plants and animals. B．That Xishuangbanna is one of the eight autonomous prefectures. C．That the China-Laos railway is scheduled to open on December 2, 2021. D．That Xishuangbanna features dense tropical rainforests and giant waterfalls. 2．Where is Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) located? A．In the south of Yunnan province. B．In the west of Yunnan province. C．In the east of Yunnan province. D．In the north of Yunnan province. 3．What can we learn about the annual Water Splashing Festival? A．Manting Park is the only venue for the annual WSF. B．Celebrating WSF is of great importance for Dai people. C．Only the Dai ethnic group can celebrate the annual WSF. D．A visit to XTBG would be perfect without experiencing the annual WSF. 4．The visitors can enjoy the following activities in the annual WSF except? A．Boat racing. B．Releasing sky lanterns. C．Water splashing. D．Mountain climbing. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西双版纳因中老铁路开通使旅行更便利，其拥有完整的热带生态系统和独特的傣族文化，还介绍了热带植物园和泼水节等景点和活动。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“With the China-Laos railway scheduled to open on December 2, 2021, trips to Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture would be more accessible.(随着中老铁路计划于2021年12月2日开通，前往西双版纳傣族自治州的旅行将更加便捷)”可知，中老铁路计划于2021年12月2日开通，使得前往西双版纳的旅行更加便捷。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“XTBG, situated in the south of the province, is not only the country’s top level tourist attraction, but also a research institution affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences.(位于云南省南部的西双版纳热带植物园不仅是国家顶级旅游景点，也是中国科学院下属的研究机构)”可知，西双版纳热带植物园位于云南省南部。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Manting Park is the oldest park in the region that dates back 1,300 years, which is also one of the main venues for the annual Water Splashing Festival (WSF), the most important traditional occasion for the Dai people to welcome the New Year.(曼听公园是该地区历史最悠久的公园，距今已有1300年历史，也是一年一度的泼水节(WSF)的主要场地之一，泼水节是傣族人迎接新年的最重要的传统节日)”和最后一段“The festival usually falls in mid-April and involves three days of festive celebrations, including religious rituals, water splashing, boat racing and releasing sky lanterns.(泼水节通常在四月中旬举行，为期三天的庆祝活动，包括宗教仪式、泼水、赛船和放天灯)”可知，泼水节是傣族人迎接新年的最重要的传统节日，庆祝泼水节对傣族人来说非常重要。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The festival usually falls in mid-April and involves three days of festive celebrations, including religious rituals, water splashing, boat racing and releasing sky lanterns.(泼水节通常在四月中旬举行，为期三天的庆祝活动，包括宗教仪式、泼水、赛船和放天灯)”可知，泼水节的庆祝活动包括宗教仪式、泼水、赛船和放天灯，不包括爬山。故选D项。 Passage 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), along with Chinese Kungfu and Peking Opera, is one of China’s cultural symbols recognized worldwide. It is a gem of Chinese civilization, and it has also made great contributions to world civilization by improving people’s health and promoting social progress. There used to be a debate in China about whether TCM or Western medicine was better, and arguments can still be heard today. But actually, TCM and western medicine are two different medical theoretical systems that can not replace each other. In some aspects such as surgery, Western medicine is better than TCM, but in other areas, such as recovery after surgery and treatment of chronic (慢性的) diseases, TCM is more effective. This is why some Chinese hospitals provide both TCM and Western medicine treatments. A combination of both has been accepted by many Chinese people as the most effective treatment. Today, promoting and innovating TCM has become a consensus (共识) in Chinese society. The Chinese government has formulated policies to support the development and innovation of TCM, with a view to establishing a Chinese healthcare development model paying equal attention to both. The supportive policies of the Chinese Government will focus on three aspects. The first is the strengthening of TCM services in medical institutions. The second is to apply Internet technology to TCM management, including setting up a database containing TCM electronic medical records and prescriptions (处方). The third is to give better play to the advantages of TCM, especially acupuncture (针灸) and naprapathy (推拿). The function of TCM in disease prevention and recovery will also be enhanced. As long as TCM keeps its core strengths and respects the rules of development and innovation, it will surely be able to maintain its vitality and bring more benefits to people in China and the world. 1．What advantage does Western medicine have over TCM? A．It is a symbol of national civilization. B．It is more successful in recovery after surgery. C．It is more effective in surgery. D．It is more effective in treating chronic diseases. 2．According to paragraph 4, which of the following aspects is NOT included in the Chinese government supports for TCM? A．It calls on the public to support TCM. B．It combines Internet Technology with TCM. C．It makes better use of the advantages of TCM . D．It increases TCM services in hospitals and medical centers. 3．What can be inferred about the author’s opinion on TCM? A．Supportive. B．Critical. C．Unclear. D．Skeptical. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．TCM Beats Western Medicine. B．Chinese Government Promotes TCM. C．TCM is One of China's Cultural Symbols. D．TCM Breaks New Ground. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。中医是中国文化象征之一，与西医各有优势，中国政府支持其发展创新，前景可期 。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In some aspects such as surgery, Western medicine is better than TCM, but in other areas, such as recovery after surgery and treatment of chronic (慢性的) diseases, TCM is more effective.(在某些方面，如外科手术，西医优于中医，但在其他方面，如术后康复和慢性病的治疗，中医更有效。)”可知，西医相对于中医的优势在于在外科手术方面更有效。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“The supportive policies of the Chinese Government will focus on three aspects. The first is the strengthening of TCM services in medical institutions. The second is to apply Internet technology to TCM management, including setting up a database containing TCM electronic medical records and prescriptions (处方). The third is to give better play to the advantages of TCM, especially acupuncture (针灸) and naprapathy (推拿). The function of TCM in disease prevention and recovery will also be enhanced.(中国政府的支持政策将集中在三个方面。第一是加强医疗机构的中医服务。第二是将互联网技术应用于中医管理，包括建立一个包含中医电子病历和处方的数据库。第三是更好地发挥中医的优势，特别是针灸和推拿。中医在疾病预防和康复方面的作用也将得到加强。)”可知，中国政府对中医的支持包括加强医疗机构的中医服务（对应D选项）、将互联网技术与中医结合（对应B选项）、更好地利用中医的优势（对应C选项），而A选项It calls on the public to support TCM.(它号召公众支持中医)在文中未提及。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As long as TCM keeps its core strengths and respects the rules of development and innovation, it will surely be able to maintain its vitality and bring more benefits to people in China and the world.(只要中医保持其核心优势，尊重发展和创新的规律，它一定能够保持其生命力，为中国和世界人民带来更多的福祉。)”可以看出作者认为中医只要发挥自身优势、遵循规律就能带来更多好处，所以对中医持支持的态度。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了中医是中国的文化象征之一，中医和西医有各自的优势，如今中国政府制定政策支持中医的发展和创新，中医在新的形势下有了新的发展方向，有望为人们带来更多好处。D选项TCM Breaks New Ground.(中医开辟了新的天地。)，既提到了中医的发展，又能体现出在新的政策支持下中医有了新的发展，符合文章主旨。故选D。 Passage 3 The Qixi Festival, the Chinese Valentine’s Day that fell yesterday, was not only a disappointment for forgotten lovers, but also for businessmen left with empty pockets. The cold welcome has caused experts to seriously worry that the lovers’ festival, marked for generations since the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), is dying out. Some have even called for government to make the festival a legal Chinese Lovers’ Day. But the effectiveness of such a measure is in doubt, although efforts to preserve traditional festivals are worth high praise. A growing number of traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, share the same fate of the Qixi Festival. Young people are showing less interest in traditional culture as symbolized by these festivals. Even if all traditional festivals are finally made legal, the risk of them becoming purely formalized celebrations with little meaning is not reduced. If the younger generation fails to appreciate the cultural significance of these holidays, there is little that can be done. Concern about the traditional holidays also reminds people of the growing influence of foreign cultures as the country opens wider to the outside world. With traditional festivals becoming less important and imports such as Christmas and Valentine’s Day gaining widespread popularity, the public including cultural professionals have tended to measure traditional Chinese festivals in economic terms. Business rather than culture has begun to play a dominant (占主导地位的) role. More and more people are interested in how much money can be made during the holidays. In fact, what makes traditional festivals unique and what keeps them alive is their cultural elements. After all, it is unique culture that contributes to the world’s diversity (多样性) with globalization. 1．What leads the experts to worry that the lovers’ festival is dying out? A．The unpopularity of Qixi Festival among the public. B．The disappointment in both businessmen and lovers. C．The failure to make traditional Chinese festivals legal. D．The action to preserve culture and traditional festivals. 2．What’s the author’s attitude towards the effectiveness of the legalization of the Qixi Festival? A．Unconcerned. B．Positive. C．Uncertain. D．Hopeful. 3．From Paragraph 5 we can learn that ________. A．making the festivals legal can reduce the risk of the disappearance of them B．the legal traditional festivals ensure the meaningfulness of the celebrations C．the formalized celebrations are thought more highly of by the young people D．preserving traditional festivals relies on youth’s valuing their cultural values 4．The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to ________. A．inform the public of the dying out of traditional Chinese festivals B．review the effects of globalization on the world’s cultural diversity C．warn people against measuring traditional festivals in economic terms D．highlight the role of cultural elements in preserving traditional festivals 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，文章以七夕节为例说明通过立法保护传统节日的有效性令人怀疑，只有重视节日背后的文化意义才能有效保护它们。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The cold welcome has caused experts to seriously worry that the lovers’ festival, marked for generations since the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), is dying out.(这种冷淡的欢迎让专家们严重担心，这个自汉朝（公元前206年-公元220年）以来代代相传的情人节正在消亡)”可知，七夕节在公众中不受欢迎引起专家的担忧，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“But the effectiveness of such a measure is in doubt, although efforts to preserve traditional festivals are worth high praise.(尽管保护传统节日的努力值得高度赞扬，但这种措施的有效性仍值得怀疑)”可知，作者对立法保护七夕节的有效性持怀疑态度，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Young people are showing less interest in traditional culture as symbolized by these festivals. Even if all traditional festivals are finally made legal, the risk of them becoming purely formalized celebrations with little meaning is not reduced. If the younger generation fails to appreciate the cultural significance of these holidays, there is little that can be done.(年轻人对以这些节日为代表的传统文化表现出越来越少的兴趣。即便所有的传统节日最终都被定为法定节日，它们沦为毫无内涵、纯粹形式化庆典的风险也并未降低。如果年轻一代无法领略这些节日的文化意义，那也无计可施了)”可知，如果年轻一代不能理解传统节日背后的文化意义，那就无法做什么来保护传统节日，由此推知保护传统节日依赖于年轻人对其文化价值的重视，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“In fact, what makes traditional festivals unique and what keeps them alive is their cultural elements. After all, it is unique culture that contributes to the world’s diversity (多样性) with globalization.(事实上，传统节日的独特之处在于它的文化元素。毕竟，正是这种独特的文化在全球化的进程中为世界的多样性做出了贡献)”可知，文章以七夕节为例说明通过立法保护传统节日的有效性令人怀疑，只有重视节日背后的文化意义才能有效保护它们，故本文目的旨在强调文化元素在保护传统节日中的作用，故选D。 Passage 4 Kunqu, which combines poetry, music, beautiful costumes and graceful performances, was listed as one of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage (非物质文化遗产) of humanity by UNESCO in 2001. But it is far from a heritage. In the busy streets of Kunshan, this ancient art form continues to find new life, balancing between keeping its timeless beauty and meeting the demands of modernity. For performers like You Tengteng, an actress at the Kunshan Contemporary Kunqu Theater, the act is both a challenge and a passion. After a long day of practice, You and her colleagues discuss their latest performance strategies not in a traditional theater but on Douyin, a Chinese video-sharing platform. In partnership with the platform, You and seven other performers livestream (网络直播) their shows for at least 20 hours each month. The goal is simple yet great: to reach a new generation of audiences who might hesitate to sit through a two or three-hour-long performance in an opera house (戏院). One of the challenges is translation — not from language to language but from centuries-old art to the screens of smartphones. To draw audiences in the digital age, the performers have condensed (压缩) the lengthy art form into acceptable one-hour pieces, inviting viewers to experience Kunqu in more relaxed settings, whether over tea at a cafe or within the walls of a museum. The strategy seems to be working, particularly among Chinese youth. After performances, it is common to see young fans eagerly lining up for selfies and autographs (签名) with the performers. Their newfound love for this ancient art is a piece of evidence to its continuous development. You Tengteng’s influence goes beyond the stage. Over the last few years, the Kunshan Kunqu theater has held more than 2, 500 performances and tours, drawing over 20 million attendees from China and abroad. In addition, the local government has spent 177 million yuan ($25. 05 million) to support new productions and performances. 1．Why did You Tengteng livestream Kunqu on Douyin? A．To help promote Douyin platform. B．To attract more fans to make money. C．To popularize Kunqu among young people. D．To encourage people to practise Kunqu 2．What is the main challenge You Tengteng faces? A．Showing the timeless beauty of Kunqu. B．Translating the art to different languages. C．Raising enough money for new productions. D．Adapting Kunqu to the demands of digital time. 3．Which or the following can best describe You Tengteng according to this article? A．Romantic. B．Responsible. C．Humorous. D．Traditional. 4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Effect of You Tengteng and her colleagues’ practice. B．You Tengteng’s personal influence. C．The reason why You Tengteng succeeded. D．The situation of Kunshan Kunqu theater. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了昆曲演员由腾腾网络直播昆曲的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The goal is simple yet great: to reach a new generation of audiences who might hesitate to sit through a two or three-hour-long performance in an opera house.(目标简单而伟大：吸引新一代观众，他们可能会犹豫是否在歌剧院里坐上两三个小时看演出)”可知，由腾腾在抖音上直播昆曲是为了在年轻人中普及昆曲。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“One of the challenges is translation — not from language to language but from centuries-old art to the screens of smartphones.(其中一个挑战在于翻译——不是从一种语言到另一种语言的翻译，而是将数百年的古老艺术呈现到智能手机的屏幕上）”以及第六段“To draw audiences in the digital age, the performers have condensed (压缩) the lengthy art form into acceptable one-hour pieces, inviting viewers to experience Kunqu in more relaxed settings, whether over tea at a cafe or within the walls of a museum.(为了吸引数字时代的观众，表演者们将这种冗长的艺术形式压缩成了易于接受的一小时节目，邀请观众在更轻松的环境中体验昆曲，无论是在咖啡馆里品茶时，还是在博物馆的墙内)”可知，由腾腾面临的主要挑战是将昆曲适应数字时代的需求。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“For performers like You Tengteng, an actress at the Kunshan Contemporary Kunqu Theater, the act is both a challenge and a passion. After a long day of practice, You and her colleagues discuss their latest performance strategies not in a traditional theater but on Douyin, a Chinese video-sharing platform.(对于像由腾腾这样的昆山当代昆剧院演员来说，表演既是一种挑战，也是一种热爱。经过一天的长时间练习后，由腾腾和她的同事们不是在传统剧院里，而是在中国的视频分享平台抖音上讨论他们最新的表演策略)”以及后面她为了推广昆曲所做的努力，如在抖音直播、压缩表演时长等可推断出，由腾腾是一个有责任感的人，她致力于推广昆曲这一古老艺术形式。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的“After performances, it is common to see young fans eagerly lining up for selfies and autographs (签名) with the performers. Their newfound love for this ancient art is a piece of evidence to its continuous development.(演出结束后，经常可以看到年轻粉丝们迫不及待地排队与演员们合影留念和索要签名。他们对这一古老艺术的新发现之爱，是其不断发展的有力证明)”以及最后一段的“You Tengteng’s influence goes beyond the stage. (由腾腾的影响力超越了舞台)”可知，最后两段主要讲述了由腾腾和她的同事们的努力所取得的效果，包括年轻观众的喜爱、昆山昆曲剧院的演出和巡演数量以及当地政府的支持等。故选A。 话题6 文学与文化 Passage 1 Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural (建筑学的) drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life. 1．What do we know about Hardy? A．His writing started with poems. B．His wife Emma shared his interest. C．He was into drawing as a young man. D．He got fame at the first attempt of writing 2．What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3? A．Removed. B．Included. C．Changed. D．Ignored. 3．After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A．Jude the Obscure. B．A Pair of Blue Eyes. C．Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D．Far from the Madding Crowd. 4．What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A．Campus life. B．Marriage life. C．Life in London. D．Life in the countryside. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英国作家托马斯·哈代的生平经历以及他的文学作品。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. (后来他搬到伦敦，开始写诗，但他的作品没有被出版商接受)”可知，哈代一开始是写诗的，只是他的诗作没有被出版商接受，由此可知哈代的写作是从写诗开始的。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. (和大多数他的小说作品一样，这部小说incorporated多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如哈代上过的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆)”可知，哈代的这部小说里包含了一些多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如他曾就读的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆，由此可推测“incorporated”意思是“包含”，与“Included”意思相近。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. (哈代随后创作了《远离尘嚣》，故事背景设定在他的出生地附近的普德莱顿。这部小说终于给哈代带来了成功，使他能够放弃建筑实践，只专注于写作)”可知，在《远离尘嚣》这部小说之后，哈代完全投身于写作。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. (和大多数他的小说作品一样，这部小说包含多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如哈代上过的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆)”、第五段中“It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. (正是在斯特敏斯特牛顿，他写下了《还乡》，这是他最持久的作品之一)”、第六段中“In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. (1887年，哈代出版了《林地居民》，讲述了一个小村庄里一个诚实的伐木工人的故事。1891年，他最好的作品之一《德伯家的苔丝》出版，故事主要发生在19世纪的英国乡村)”可知，哈代的很多小说都是以乡村生活为背景的，由此可推测他大多数小说的共同元素是乡村生活。故选D。 Passage 2 Nathanael Lessore’s latest book, King of Nothing is about growing up. The story is based on his life as a person from Peckham, London, born to French and Madagascan parents. To Lessore, Peckham is a warm and friendly place where most of his family live, but it hasn’t always had this reputation (名声). In 2001, due to fightings in the area involving young people, there was a “push to get kids off the street” and into community centers. Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. At first Anton hates it but then he makes an unlikely friend and starts to see the power of a community working together. Lessore is one of eight children and describes his family as a “big bustle” (place of exciting activity). As a kid, he remembers his mum taking him and his siblings (兄弟姐妹) to the local library to keep them busy. “Little did my mum know she was doing us a huge service because she was putting us in the presence of books.” Lessore also gets inspired by slang (an informal way of speaking used by a group of local people) he hears on London’s streets. “I don’t travel on subways with headphones so I can overhear conversations.” If he hears an interesting phrase or word he saves it up and puts it down and constructs them in his book. In King of Nothing, Anton discovers that what others think of him is not as important as he thought. Lessore repeats this when giving advice to young readers. “Popularity means nothing.” His advice is to read, travel and be kind. The world is so big. There is so much to see. And, just like exploring new places, pursuing writing as a career “is not impossible… it’s achievable”. 1．Why was Anton required to join the Happy Campers? A．His misbehavior. B．His bad reputation. C．The community requirement. D．His poor education. 2．What has a deep effect on Lessore’s success? A．His growing surroundings. B．The influence of his siblings. C．The interest in social activities. D．His massive access to books. 3．What can we know about King of Nothing? A．It comes from a real story. B．It tells about a mother’s struggle. C．It stresses the function of the community. D．It inspires readers to be writers. 4．What did the author want to express? A．Enjoyment comes first. B．Enrich and fulfill yourself. C．Reputation plays an important role. D．Travel to explore the unseen. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作家Nathanael Lessore如何从自己的成长经历中汲取灵感，创作出King of Nothing一书，强调了阅读、旅行和善良的价值观。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. (同样，在King of Nothing一书中，主人公Anton总是惹麻烦，他的妈妈让他加入了一个名为“快乐露营者”的活动俱乐部)”可知，Anton加入该俱乐部的原因是自己的不良行为。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“As a kid, he remembers his mum taking him and his siblings (兄弟姐妹) to the local library to keep them busy. “Little did my mum know she was doing us a huge service because she was putting us in the presence of books.” (他记得小时候，妈妈带他和兄弟姐妹去当地的图书馆，让他们忙个不停。“我妈妈不知道她帮了我们很大的忙，因为她把我们放在了书的面前。”)”可知，得益于妈妈，Lessore能大量接触书籍，这对他的成功产生了深远影响。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Similarly, in King of Nothing, the main character Anton keeps getting in trouble and his mum makes him join an activity club called the Happy Campers. At first Anton hates it but then he makes an unlikely friend and starts to see the power of a community working together. (同样，在King of Nothing一书中，主人公Anton总是惹麻烦，他的妈妈让他加入了一个名为“快乐露营者”的活动俱乐部。一开始Anton讨厌它，但后来他结交了一个意想不到的朋友，并开始看到社区合作的力量)”可知，在这本书中，原本行为不佳的主人公Anton通过参加俱乐部交到朋友，体会到社区合作的力量。由此可知，这本书强调了社区的作用。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Popularity means nothing.” His advice is to read, travel and be kind. The world is so big. There is so much to see. And, just like exploring new places, pursuing writing as a career “is not impossible… it’s achievable”. (“受欢迎没有任何意义。”他的建议是读书、旅游和待人友善。世界那么大。有很多东西要看。而且，就像探索新的地方一样，把写作作为一种职业“并非不可能……它是可以实现的”)”可知，Lessore建议年轻读者阅读、旅行、保持善良，并去探索世界。这表明他希望人们丰富自己、充实人生。故选B项。 Passage 3 I don’t remember exactly when my love for second-hand books began, but I remember walking along the footpaths of Kings Circle, where my aunt lived, to make my birthday money stretch further by seeing just how many Agatha Christies I could buy. For many like me, there is a joy that comes from looking through other people’s collections — and often accidentally discovering the kinds of writing you had not known existed. That is, after all, what second-hand bookshops were created for, I think. It was in Literati Bookshop in Goa that I picked up my son Re’s first cookbook — My Learn to Cook Book, originally gifted to a Sherry in 1973 by Aunty Banso and Uncle Keki, going by the inscription (题字) inside. Also written alongside, in a different handwriting, was “Sherry’s first cooking book.” Maybe this was done by Sherry or her parent. I can’t tell. What I can say is that they did have a lot of fun cooking from this book as Re and I did — we made baked potatoes, zoo biscuits and fruit cakes from the recipes inside. Yashasvi Vachhani, a Mumbai-based writer and a second-hand book lover, said, “I once picked up a copy of Embers by Sandor Marai which had notes and thoughts written in green ink on the margin (边缘). The whole experience of reading the book was like having a conversation with the previous reader, agreeing with a few points, and adding my own thoughts. It was a great experience, one I still remember fondly.” The most precious second-hand book experience for me was receiving a copy of a dictionary that my late father-in-law had lovingly saved since it was first gifted to his son in 1980 and then came to mine, 38 years later. “I feel like a part of history, Mamma!” Re said, when he read the inscription inside from his grandfather to his father. He is. We all are when we hold a second-hand book in our hands. 1．Why does the author like visiting second-hand bookshops? A．She is on a very tight budget. B．She is quite into old editions. C．She comes upon unexpected finds. D．It enables her to meet like-minded people. 2．What can we learn about Re’s first cookbook? A．It witnessed much family cooking time. B．It was passed down through generations. C．It recorded Sherry’s cooking journey in detail. D．It was intended as a gift from his aunt and uncle. 3．What can we learn about Yashasvi Vachhani’s experience of reading Embers? A．She shared her thoughts with the previous reader. B．She took pleasure in reading the handwritten notes. C．She tried not to be influenced by the handwritten notes. D．She agreed with just a few points the writer made in the book. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．My idea about book shopping B．Old books: a hidden part of family history C．My passion for reading second-hand books D．Reading: a family tradition that has been passed down 【答案】1．C 2．A 4．B 4．C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要通过自己与二手书的多个动人故事，表达了对二手书的深切热爱，展现了它们带来的独特阅读体验和情感价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For many like me, there is a joy that co$