12.专题12 宾语从句与定语从句-【一飞冲天】中考专项精品试题分类英语

中考专 参考 专题12宾语从句与定语从句 【各区模拟】 1.D句意：一我想知道今年的国庆节是在星期 几。一在周二。设空处为宾语从句，用陈述语序； 根据on a Tuesday可知，这里问的是国庆节在星期 几，D项正确。 2.D句意：他们想知道奖品是不是一部电子词典。空 格处位于动词know后，为宾语从句，用陈述语序；再 根据They want to know..可知，应用whether引导 宾语从句。 3.C句意：我们喜欢阅读能够打开世界之门的书籍。 设空处引导定语从句，先行词为b0ok$,指物，在从句 中作主语，用which. 4.B句意：—请告诉我我们什么时候看《功夫熊猫 4》?一10点。根据Please tell me..可知，此处为宾 语从句，用陈述语序；又根据答句At ten o'clock.可 知，此处询问时间，所以用when引导宾语从句。 5C句意：一你好，托尼。我听说贝蒂昨天哭了。你 问过她发生了什么吗？一是的，她考试不及格，但 她不会放弃。根据Do you ask her..可知，此处是宾 语从句，应用陈述语序；表示“发生了什么”用固定句 型what happened。 6.A句意：一大家好！你们看起来非常兴奋，我可以 加入吗？—当然，我们正在讨论我们为什么会喜欢 这部电影。所填处位于talk about之后，为宾语从句， 要用陈述语序 7.D句意：一明天是我妈妈的生日。我不知道我要 给她买什么。一在我看来，你可以为她做一些家 务。所填处位于know之后，为宾语从句，要用陈述语 序，且根据Tomorrow is my mother's birthday.可知， 要用将来时态，D项符合。 8.B句意：字典是告诉你词语意思的书。所填词引导 定语从句，先行词是book,指物，关系词在从句中作主 语，用which。 9.B句意：—他获得如此高的分数真让人惊 讶！一是的。我想知道他是如何做到的。所填处 位于wonder后，为宾语从句，要用陈述语序；且根据 It's surprising that he got such a high mark可知，是 对他取得高分感到惊讶，可推知后者想知道他是如何 做到的。 10.B句意：一Tom,你明天愿意和我一起去图书馆 吗？一我不太确定。我不知道我是否能按时完成 工作。所填处位于动词know之后，为宾语从句，用 陈述语序，且根据the work on time可知，此处表示 是否能按时完成工作。 项英语 答案 11.D句意：一你知道贝蒂做志愿者多久了吗？ 当然。两年了。所填处位于know之后，为宾语从 句，用陈述语序；根据For two years..可知，此处询问 时间段，用how long提问。 12.A句意：格林夫人还没有决定这周六去哪里吃饭。 所填处位于decided之后，为宾语从句，要用陈述语 序；根据时间状语this Saturday可知，表示将来要发 生的事，用一般将来时，A项符合。 13.D句意：—你知道他如何去博物馆吗？—他走 路去的。所填处位于know之后，为宾语从句，要用 陈述语序；且根据答语He went there on foot.可知， 此处提问去博物馆的方式。 14.B句意：一我想买一件新夹克，但我不知道该选 哪一件。一这件怎么样？分析句子成分可知，空 格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序；根据How about this one?可知，后者向前者推荐了一件夹克，由此 可知前者表示不知道该选哪件夹克，疑问词用 which。 15.A句意：—这些图片会给你展示我们城市的市 容。一这确实是一个很好的城市。show后接宾 语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，可排除B、D两项， 再结合答语It's really a nice city.可知，此处指的是 城市的市容。 16.C句意：这个男孩问他的妈妈他是否可以在家举行 派对。设空处为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句 语序。 17.A句意：通常人们对在地震中要做些什么几乎一无 所知。根据空前have little or no idea about及空后 during an earthquake可知，此处表示人们不知道在 地震中要做些什么，A项what they do结构正确且 符合语境。 18.B句意：一金先生，你能告诉我你去过海河吗？ 一还没有。我计划下周末去。根据Not yet表示 “还没有”可知，问句问的是是否做过某事，B项符合 语境。 19.B句意：—我想知道下周天气怎么样。—收音 机说气温将降到零摄氏度以下。“天气将会如何？” 可表述为How will the weather be?或What will the weather be like?,所以排除C项；设空处为宾语 从句，应用陈述句语序，所以排除A项和D项；B项 符合题意。 20.C句意：一请告诉我什么时间可以观看电视剧 《人世间》？—每晚8点。设空处为宾语从句，宾 语从句应使用陈述句语序，排除BD选项；且根据答 语At eight o'clock every evening.可知，此处问的是 时间，所以从句疑问词用what time。 中考专 参考 21.A句意：我们明天要去植树，我不知道迈克是否会 来加入我们。设空处位于know之后，引导宾语从 句，且从句中不缺少成分，但意义不完整，所以用 whether,表示“是否”。 22.D句意：一我能问问你是否跟你的朋友提过这件 事吗？一是的，但她拒绝听我说。根据答语可知， 此处询问的并非时间或地点，排除BC项；that无实 义，此处既然问句中有ask,自然是想知道某方面内 容，that不符合，排除；if引导宾语从句时，表示“是 否”，符合题意。 23.D句意：我不知道这女孩是谁。空格处作know的 宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序，排除AB 项；由I didn't know可知此处时态为一般过去时，所 以be动词应该用was,答案选D。 24.C句意：寒假要来了。你知道Tom在假期会做什 么吗？此处为kow的宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语 序，排除AB项；根据The winter holiday is coming 可知，询问的是将来会发生的事情，时态要用一般将 来时，所以答案选C。 25.C句意：我不知道他们是否能通过考试。that那， 那个；what什么；whether是否；why为什么。根据 or not可知，此处是“whether..or not..”结构，表示 “是否”。 26.D句意：—我在想我能不能两小时内赶到广州。 一当然，高速列车是非常快的。此处空格及后面 的内容是wonder的宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序， 排除BC项；由答句Of course可知，前一句询问的不 是时间，而是“是否”，所以用whether引导。 27.C句意：—你知道她上周花了多少钱买这件外套 吗？一抱歉，我不知道。问句中缺少宾语，宾语从 句用陈述句语序，即“疑问词十主语十谓语”。 28.D句意：我想知道她是否会加入我们的英语之夜。 此处是know后面跟一个宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈 述语序，排除BC两项；主句中I'd like to know表示 一C我想知道…”，那么后面的从句应该是询问某方 面的内容，A项中that无实义，不符合题意，故答案 选D。 29.C句意：一斯科特，你已经决定好何时去上海了 吗？一还没有。可能是这周日吧。根据答语 Maybe this Sunday可知问句对时间进行提问，故此 处由when引导宾语从句，且宾语从句要用陈述句 语序。 30.A句意：—你能告诉我他有什么异常吗？—他 不喜欢我看我的其他朋友，但以前不是这样的。根 项英语 答案 据答语可知，此处对行为进行提问，应用how引导宾 语从句，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 31.B句意：老师告诉我们地球是如何绕太阳转的。空 格处为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故排除 A、C两项，而地球绕着太阳转是客观真理，句子应用 一般现在时，故选B。 32.A句意：—你能告诉我凯特现在怎么样了 吗？一她妈妈说她好多了。此处为宾语从句，用 陈述语序，排除BD;根据答语可知问句询问身体状 况，应该用“how Kate is'”,A项形式正确。 33.A句意：警察抓住了偷李先生钱包的那个小偷。此 处为定语从句，先行词是thief,指人，关系代词又在 定语从句作主语，因此用who。 34.C根据后一句“It was fantastic..”可知，前面问的是 看法，用“What+be+主语+like?”或“How+be十 主语？”句型，排除BD;又宾语从句要用陈述语序，A 项为疑问语序，所以答案选C。 35.D句意：—老师对你说了什么？—他问我是否 准备好一切了。ask后接宾语从句用陈述语序，可排 除B和C;再由语境与asked可知，宾语从句用相对 应的过去时态，可排除A。 36.A句意：—你问过警察这附近有没有银行 吗？一是的。他叫我们右转进入大街。右边有一 个银行。根据宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BC;根据 答语，排除D。 37.B句意：一你能想象未来的学校会是什么样子 吗？一也许老师们将不会在黑板上写字。由于宾 语从句需用陈述语序，排除CD;根据答语可知A项 不符合语境。 【真题自测】 1.B句意：一你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆 吗？一他最喜欢科学博物馆。根据tell me可知， 设空处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序；结合He likes the Science Museum best.可知，此处询问最喜欢哪个博 物馆，故疑问词用which。 2.C句意：一你记得解放桥什么时候开启的 吗？一当然。五一劳动节的晚上。所填处位于 remember之后，为宾语从句，要用陈述语序，结合答 语On the evening of May Day.可知，问的是时间，用 when提问。 3.D句意：—你能告诉我长江有多长吗？—它大 约有6300公里长。根据答句It's about6,300 kilometres long.可知，问句问的是长度，疑问词应用 how long,且宾语从句应用陈述语序，所以D项符合。 中考专项英语 参考答案 4.D句意：一你可以告诉我为什么袁隆平被称作“水 稻之父”吗？一因为他帮助许多国家种植了更多的 水稻。根据答语中的Because可知，问句提问原因，应 用why引导宾语从句，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 5.B句意：一你知道我们可以在哪里看京剧 吗？一知道，你们可以去梅兰芳剧院。根据句子结 构可知此处为宾语从句，由答语you can go to Mei Lanfang Theatre可知问句是在询问地点，排除C、D 选项。宾语从句应用陈述语序，A选项是疑问语序， 所以排除。一冲天 专题12宾语从句与定语从句 专题12 宾语从句与定语从句 从属连词that,whether,.if 引导词 连接代词 what,who,whom,whose,which 连接副词when,where,how,why及"how+形容词/副词”短语 主句是现在或 将来的某种时态时 从句的时态可根据实际情况用所需要的任何时态 时态 主句是过去的某种时态 从句一般用适当的过去时态 从句表达客观真理时 无论主句是何时态，从句都用一般现在时 宾语从句 语序 用陈述语序 在介词后引导宾语从句 引导词只能用whether, 与or noti直接连用时 不能用if 用于不定式之前 在动词discuss,wonder,doubt,leave,put等少数动词之后 主句的主语是第一人称，且主句谓语是think,suppose, 注意事项 宾语从句的否定转移 consider,expect,believe,imagines等词时 简化成不定式结构 宾语从句的简化 简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构 简化成“宾语+宾语补足语”结构 简化成名词短语 that,which,who,whom,whose 引导词 关系代词 关系副词 where,when,why 关系代词和关系副词的选用 看先行词的含义 看关系词的句法功能 定语从句中 从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致 的主谓一致 先行词为"one of+-复数名词”时，从句谓语动词要用复数形式 先行词为"the(only)one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词要用单数形式 定语从句 当先行词是不定代词或被其修饰时 只能用that不能 先行词被the very,.the only,the samef修饰时 用whichi的情况 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级，以及被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既指人又指物 句中已有who或which时，为避免重复 有两个定语从句时，其中一个用which引导，另一个则用that 只能用which不 能用that的情况 先行词本身是that时 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中 四 中考专项精品试题分类英语 冲天 She asked me,“Are you reading a book?” 考点清单 >She asked me if I was reading a book. 一、宾语从句(10年9考) 3.宾语从句的时态 1.宾语从句的引导词 (1)在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的 连接宾语从句的连词有that,whether与if。 谓语动词为过去时态时，宾语从句中谓语动 另外还有连接代词what,which,who,whom 词一般也要用过去的某种时态 及连接副词when,where,how,why。 He asked me if I was reading the novel The (1)宾语从句是陈述句时，用连接词that引导 Old Man and the Sea when he came in. that在从句中只起引导作用，不作句子成分 他问我他进来时我是否在读《老人与海》这部 没有词义，在口语中常常省略。 小说。 He knew(that)he should study hard. (2)在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的 他知道他应该努力学习。 时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时 (2)宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether 等时态时，宾语从句的时态不受主句限制，可 引导，if和whether意为“是否”。 根据情况选用合适的时态。 He asked me if/whether he could come in. Do you know when we'll have a football match? 他问我他能否进来。 你知道我们什么时候举行足球赛吗？ (3)宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问句中的 You know he has gone to Shanghai. 疑问词就是引导词。 你知道他已经去上海了。 Can you tell me which class you are in? (3)当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、现 你能告诉我你在哪个班吗？ 在习惯动作以及格言等时，其时态不受主句 2.宾语从句的语序 限制，都用一般现在时。 宾语从句是疑问句时，要用陈述语序。 The teacher told us that light travels faster (1)如果是由助动词do,does,did构成的疑问句， than sound.老师告诉我们光比声音传播的速 在转换为宾语从句时，要去掉这些助动词，从 度要快。 句中的谓语动词要根据主句的时态做出相应 ★注意：Could you tell me..？/Would you 的变化。 tell me.?等句式并不是表示过去时态，而 “Does he sing well?”the teacher asked him. 是表示客气请求的语气，所以宾语从句不一 >The teacher asked him whether/if he sang 定用过去时态，应用相应的某种时态。 well. 4.宾语从句的否定转移 (2)如果是由will,be,have,can等助动词、连系 当主句的主语是第一人称I或we,且谓语 动词、情态动词构成的问句，在变为宾语从句 动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，宾 时，需要把这类词还原到句中原来谓语的位 语从句的否定式常常转移到主句上，即“否定 置上，同时根据主句的时态做相应的变化。 前移”。 一冲天 专题12 宾语从句与定语从句 I don't believe they have finished their work (2)先行词被序数词、the last或形容词的最高级 yet.我相信他们还没有完成工作。 所修饰。 Idon't think he can speak English..我认为他 The first thing that I learned will never be 不会讲英语。 forgotten.我永远不会忘记我学的第一件事。 ★注意：这种否定转移的宾语从句变为反义疑问 (3)先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little, 句时，疑问部分的主语、谓语要与从句保持一致。 much,no,some等修饰。 Idon't think he is right,ishe?我认为他不 I have read all the books that you gave me. 对，是吗？ 我已经读完了你给我的所有书。 二、定语从句(10年2考) (4)先行词被the only,the very修饰。 1.定语从句的引导词 This is the very pen that I am looking for. (1)who引导的定语从句：who在从句中作主语 就是我在找的钢笔。 或宾语，修饰的是人。 (5)先行词既有人又有物时。 I love singers who write their own music. They talked of things and persons that they 喜欢自己创作乐曲的歌手。 remembered..他们聊了他们记得的人和事。 (2)whose引导的定语从句：whose在从句中作 (6)当句中已有who或which时，为避免重复。 定语，可以指人，也可以指物。 Who is the man that is talking to John？跟约 Do you know the girl whose father is 翰说话的那个人是谁？ teacher??你认识那位父亲是老师的女孩吗？ (7)如有两个定语从句，其中 个已经用了 (3)which引导的定语从句：which在从句中作主 which,则另一个用that。 语或作谓语动词和介词的宾语，只能指无生 There is a factory which produces things 命的东西。 that have never been seen.有一座工厂生产 The story which)he told us was very 一些从来没有见过的东西。 interesting.他讲的故事很有趣。 3.引导词只能用who的情况 (4)that引导的定语从句：that在从句中可以指 (1)指人时，当先行词为everybody,anybody, 人或物，在从句中作主语或作谓语动词的宾 everyone,.anyone等不定代词时，引导词只能 语，但不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。 用who,不能用that。 I love movies that are funny.我喜欢滑稽的 Is there anyone who can answer this 电影。 question?有人能回答这个问题吗？ 2.引导词只能用that的情况 (2)指人时，当先行词为that,this,those或these (1)先行词是不定代词something,nothing, 等指示代词时，引导词要用who。 anything等。 Those who have good manners will be I want to do something(that)I enjoy.我想 respected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的 做点我喜欢的事 尊重。 中考专项精品试题分类英语 冲天 各区模拟……… D.when shall we go to the movie 7.(2023·河东一模)一Tomorrow is my mother's 1.(2024·河西一模)一I wonder birthday.I don't know -It will fall on a Tuesday. -In my opinion,you can do some housework A.how will National Day fall on this year for her. B.how National Day will fall on this year A.what did I buy for her C.what day will National Day fall on this year B.what I bought for her D.what day National Day will fall on this year C.what will I buy for her 2.(2024·南开一模)They want to know D.what I will buy for her A.where will they go for the holiday 8.(2023·河北期末)A dictionary is a book B.what was he doing at that moment tells you the meaning of the word. C.is it wrong to pull leaves off plants A.who B.which D.whether the prize is an electronic dictionary C.whom D.what 3.(2024·河西期末)We like reading books 9.(2023·东丽一模)一It's surprising that he got opens the doors of the world such a high mark! A.what B.whose -Yes,I wonder it. C.which D.who A.how did he do B.how he did 4.(2024·红桥一模)一Please tell me C.why did he do D.why he did Kung Fu Panda 4. 10,(2023·滨海一模) Will you go to the library 一At ten o'clock. with me tomorrow,Tom A.when shall we see B.when we shall see -I'm not sure.I don't know the C.where shall we see D.where we shall see work on time. 5.(2024·和平二模)一Hi,Tony.I hear that Betty A.whether will I finish cried yesterday.Do you ask her B.whether I will finish -Yes,she failed the exam,but she would not C.where can I finish give up. D.where I can finish A.what was happened B.what she happened 11,(2023·河北二模)一D0 you know C.what happened D.what did it happen 6.(2023·河西一模)一Hello,everybody！You -Sure.For two years. look excited.Can I join you? A.how has Betty become a volunteer -Sure,we are talking about B.how Betty has become a volunteer A.why we like the movie C.how long has Betty been a volunteer B.how can we go to the cinema D.how long Betty has been a volunteer C.who should we go with 12.(2023·东丽二模)Mrs.Green hasn't decided 一冲天 专题12 家传从向与定语从句四 this Saturday. quake. A.where she will have dinner A.what they do B.what they do it B.where will she have dinner C.how they do D.how they do it C.where she had dinner 18.(2022·东丽一模)一Mr.King,could you tell D.where did she have dinner me 13.(2023·滨海二模)一Do you know -Not yet.I plan to do it next weekend. ? A.what you were drawing -He went there on foot. B.if you've visited Haihe River A.when did he go to the museum C.how did you get to the top B.when he went to the museum D.where are the rest rooms C.how did he go to the museum 19.(2022·西青一模)一I wonder next D.how he went to the museum week. 14.(2022·和平一模)I'd like to buy a new -The radio says it will fall below 0C. jacket,but I don't know A.how will the weather be -How about this one? B.what the weather will be like A.which should I choose C.how the weather will be like B.which I should choose D.what will the weather be like C.where I can get it 20.(2022·红桥一模)-Please tell me D.where can I get it A Lifelong Journey. 15.(2022·河西一模)一These pictures will -At eight o'clock every evening. show you A.where I can watch -It's really a nice city. B.where can I watch A.what our city looks like C.what time I can watch B.what does our city look like D.what time can I watch C.where our city is 21.(2022·红桥二模)We'll plant trees tomo- D.where is our city rrow,and I don't know Mike will 16.(2022·南开-模)The boy asked his mother come and join us. A.whether B.which A.how long has she been here C.what D.where B.when will she buy him a computer 22.(2021·河东一模)一Could I ask C.if he could hold a party at home you've mentioned this to your friend? D.why was she crying -Yes,but she refused to listen. 17.(2022·河东一模)Usually people have little A.that B.when or no idea about during an earth- C.where D.if 中考考项精品试题分美英语 冲天 23.(2021·红桥一模)I didn't know 29.(2021·东丽二模)一Scott,have you decided A.who is the girl B.who was the girl C.who the girl is D.who the girl was -Not yet.Maybe this Sunday. 24.(2021·东丽一模)The winter holiday is A.how will you get to Shanghai coming.Do you know during the B.when will you leave for Shanghai holiday? C.when you will leave for Shanghai A.what will Tom do B.what did Tom do D.how you will get to Shanghai C.what Tom will do D.what Tom did 30.(2021·北辰二模)一Could you tell me 25.(2021·河西二模)I didn't know they could pass the exam or not -He doesn't like me to see my other fri- A.that B.what ends,but not like this before. C.whether D.why A.how he is different 26.(2021·-中二月考)1 wonder in B.when he is different Guangzhou in two hours. C.how is he different -Of course.The highspeed train is very D.when is he different fast. 31.(2021南开三模)The teacher told us A.when I can arrive OP B.when can I arrive A.how did the earth go around the sun C.whether can I arrive B.how the earth goes around the sun D.whether I can arrive C.why does the earth go around the sun 27.(2021·河西一模)一D0 you know D.the earth went around the sun the coat last week? 32.(2020·河西-模)Could you tell me -Sorry,I have no idea. now A.how much did she pay for -Her mother says she is much better. B.how much will she pay for A.how Kate is B.where is Kate C.how much she paid for C.what Kate is D.who is Kate D.how much does she pay for 33.(2020·津南一模)The policeman caught the 28.(2021·红桥二模)I'd like to know thief has stolen Mr.Li's wallet A.who B.whose A.that he has been busy C.whom D.which B.when will he give back the tape 34.(2020·南开一模)In the letter you asked me C.whether has he received higher education in Britain.It was fantastic. D.whether she will join in our English Evening A.what's the weather like 一冲天 专题12宾语从句与定语从句 B.where did I live B.which museum Kevin likes best C.how my travel was C.when did Kevin yisit the museum D.when I will work D.which museum does Kevin like best 35.(2020·和平二模)-What did the teacher2.(2023·天津中考)一Do you remember say to you? -Sure.On the evening of May Day. -He asked me A.how we got to the Jiefang Bridge A.why I look unhappy then B.how did we get to the Jiefang Bridge B.when did I go home last night C.when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself C.how could I solve the problem D.when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself D.if I had got everything ready 3.(2022·天津中考)一Could you tell me 36.(2020·河西二模)一Have you asked the policeman -It's about 6,300 kilometres long. -Yes.He told us to turn right into Main A.how wide is the Changjiang River Street.There is one on the right B.how wide the Changjiang River is A.if there is a bank near here C.how long is the Changjiang River B.how can we get to the nearest bank D.how long the Changjiang River is C.where can we find a bank 4.(2021·天津中考)-Could you tell me D.when we can go to the nearest bank “the Father of Rice"? 37.(2020·河北二模)一Can you imagine -Because he helped many countries grow more rice. -Perhaps the teachers won't write on a A.when was Yuan Longping called blackboard. B.why is Yuan Longping called A.how the students went to school C.when Yuan Longping was called D.why Yuan Longping is called B.what schools will be like in the future 5.(2020·天津中考)一D0y0 u know C.how did the students go to school to see the Beijing Opera? D.what will schools be like in the future -Yes,you can go to Mei Lanfang Theatre. 真题自测 A.where can we go 1.(2024·天津中考)-Could you tell me B.where we can go C.when shall we go D.when we shall go -He likes the Science Museum best. A.when Kevin visited the museum 四