8.专题8 非谓语动词-【一飞冲天】中考专项精品试题分类英语

中考专 参考 专题8非谓语动词 【各区模拟】 1.B句意：我们应该注意什么来帮助处于危险中的动 物？pay attention to的目的是help the animals in danger,所以用动词不定式作目的状语。 2.D句意：我的同学让我为她撒谎。但我拒绝帮助她。 refuse后接动词不定式作宾语，意为“拒绝做某事”。 3.A何意：一托尼，你能告诉我如何提高我的英语写 作技巧吗？一当然。我建议你每天用英语写日记。 此处为固定搭配advise sb.to do sth.“建议某人做某 事”，所以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 4.B句意：如果你答应帮妈妈做些家务，你就必须做 到。此处为固定用法promise to do sth.,意为“答应 做某事”。 5.A句意：—我们在操场上踢足球吧。一外面太 热了。我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。此处为固定用 法prefer to do A rather than do B,意为“宁愿做A也 不愿做B”。 6.C句意：大卫计划参加学校科学日的活动。plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”，是固定搭配，故填to take。 7.A句意：我高中毕业后打算上大学。intend后接动 词不定式作宾语，意为“打算做某事”。 8.D句意：许多伟人都曾经失败过，但他们从不放弃并 且设法取得成功。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成 某事”，为固定搭配。 9.C句意：我启动了电脑，检查一下我的文件是否丢失 了。打开电脑是为了检查文件是否丢失，表示目的用 不定式结构。一 10.C句意：新年即将到来了。我们老师鼓励我们要培 养新的爱好。encourage后接动词不定式作宾语补 足语。A 1.A句意：妈妈总是告诉我在家吃饭时不要浪费食 物。根据常识可知是不能浪费食物，要用否定结构， 且tell后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，不定式的否定 结构是在前面加not,A项符合。 12.D句意：我们的父母总是尽他们所能帮助我们，以 使我们有一个良好的学习条件。根据try to do what they can及have a good learning condition可知，父 母尽他们所能是为了让孩子有良好的学习条件，用 动词不定式to help作目的状语。 13.A句意：为避免浪费，我们在餐厅里应吃多少点多 少。根据order what we can eat up及wasting可 知，吃多少点多少的目的是避免浪费，所以用动词不 定式作目的状语。 项英语 答案 14.D句意：我的英语老师建议我在《用英语讲中国故 事》第三季中演讲。advise后接不定式作宾语补 足语。 15.A句意：一皮特主动提出教我们滑冰。—太好 了！他在这方面很擅长。offer to do sth.为固定搭 配，表示“主动提出做某事”。 16.C句意：我们老师建议我们在错题旁边把正确答案 写下来。advise sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“建 议某人做某事”。 17.B句意：亨利正试图捡起这条蛇，突然它咬了他一 口。try to do sth.表示设法去做某事，强调为了目的 而努力；try doing sth.表示尝试做某事，仅指一种新的 尝试。此处指“正试图捡起这条蛇”，用try to do形式。 18.B句意：卧龙大熊猫保护区让人们可以更近距离地 接触它们。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，固 定搭配。 19.A句意：如果你的一个朋友在网上给你发信息借 钱，你最好先给他打电话确认一下。根据phone him first及make sure of that可知，打电话的目的是确 认，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。 20.C句意：我学会了信任人们，他们把我加入了他们 的朋友圈。强调学着去做某事时常用learn to do sth.,所以此处用动词不定式结构。 21,A句意：请给我们点喝的好吗？根据句子结构可 知，gve为该句的谓语动词，空格处应为非谓语动 词，修饰前面的something,作后置定语，应用动词不 定式形式。 22.D句意：中国发射了神州13号飞船，并派出了三名 宇航员进行为期六个月的空间站建设任务。根据 sent three astronauts build its space station 知，派三位宇航员的目的是去建设空间站，所以此处 用动词不定式表示目的。 23.A句意：—我是新来的。—别担心，我会尽力 帮助你的。try one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力 做某事，动词不定式to help表目的。 24.A句意：为了保持健康，我们最好遵循七步洗手法。 此处“保持健康”是目的，所以用动词不定式to keep。 25.D句意：当你离开的时候，请你关好灯以节约能源。 此处表示目的，用动词不定式to save。 26.C句意：玛丽决定买那本词典，尽管它很贵。decide to do sth.决定做某事，固定搭配，此处用动词不定式 to buy作宾语。 27.A句意：这个旧箱子让我想起了我的爱好。make 意为“让，使”时，为使役动词，其用法为make sb.do sth.(省略了to的不定式)，意为“让某人做某事”。 中考专项英语 参考答案 28.B句意：Peter喜欢周日在乡村写生。enjoy意为：2.D句意：大卫在五岁时学习游泳。learn后接动词不 “喜欢，享受”，后接动词时，要用动名词形式，enjoy 定式作宾语，所以用to swim。 doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”。 3.D句意：这幅画对他来说真的很珍贵。他永远也不 29.A句意：让我们看看我们还能做些什么来拯救尽可 会同意卖掉它的。agree后接动词时常用agree to do 能多的动物。根据语境可知，拯救动物是目的，此处 sth.结构，意为“同意做某事”，所以此处用不定式结构 用动词不定式表目的。 to sell。 30.A句意：母亲要求儿子每天放学后多读书。此处是 4.B句意：我小的时候，我的父母教我要善待老年人。 ask sb.(not)to do sth.,表示“要求某人（不要）做某 teach sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“教某人做 事”，此处指要求儿子每天放学后多读书，用动词不 某事”。 定式的肯定式。 5.D句意：我刚看了一个关于太空的电视节目，我希望 31.B句意：昨天，我的英语老师鼓励我参加一个英语 有一天我们可以在月球上行走。hope to do sth..希望 演讲比赛，我决定试一试。encourage sb.to do sth. 做某事，固定搭配。 为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 32.A句意：你最好先和父母商量一下再做决定。 You'd better do sth.意为“你最好做某事”，动词用 原形。 33.A句意：这个女孩丢了她最喜欢的书。她忍不住大 哭起来。can't/couldn't help doing sth.忍不住做 某事。 34.B句意：—你总是这么早起床吗？一是的，为 了赶上第一班车。我家离学校很远。这里to catch 是动词不定式作目的状语。 35.C句意：他的故事使每个人大笑，我们想让他再多 讲一个。want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事 36.D句意：一杰克，当你离开卧室的时候，记得关 灯。一好的，妈妈，我不会忘的。remember to do sth.记得去做某事（还没做）；when开头的是时间状 语从句，从句中you省略，谓语leave和you构成主 谓关系用现在分词。 37.C句意：你爸爸在睡觉，你最好不要叫醒他。had better意为“最好”，后面接动词原形，其否定式在 had better后加not;wake up意为“叫醒”，up为副 词，“动词十副词”搭配接人称代词时，人称代词应放 在短语中间。 38.A句意：我们的老师经常建议我们养成边读书边做 笔记的习惯。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人去做 某事。 39.B句意：大多数人非常喜欢交朋友，他们邀请笔友 来做客。invite sb..to do sth.邀请某人做某事。 【真题自测】 1.B句意：人们也许会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样 的感情。根据body language和the same feelings可 知，此处指用肢体语言是为了表达感情，表示目的用 不定式。一冲天 专题8非谓语动询☐ 专题8 非谓语动词 构成 to+动词原形 动词不定式 句法功能 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语 构成 动词原形+-ing 动名词 句法功能 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 非谓语 构成 动词原形+-ing 现在分词 动词 分词 句法功能 可作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语 构成 动词原形+-ed 过去分词 句法功能 可作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语 既可接动词不定式又可接动名词 forget,remember,try,regret, 作宾语，且意义区别很大的动词 stop,go on,mean,can't help 二)不定式作宾语 考点清单……… (1)不定式可在某些动词后作宾语，这类动词一 一、动词不定式(10年9考) 般表示命令、打算或希望，would_like,want, (一)不定式作主语 wish,hope,decide,plan,expect,agree,learn, (1)动词不定式作主语时，常用t作形式主语，而 happen等 将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+ Would you like to see a film this evening? adj.十(for/ofsb.)十动词不定式。 (2)不定式一般不直接作介词宾语，若在介词后 To learn English well is useful. 作宾语通常用“疑问词十不定式”结构，但 It is useful to learn English well. except,but等介词后可直接用不定式作宾语。 ★注意：在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人 I'm worried about how to pass the exam. 的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 He has no choice but to leave. It's very kind of you to help us. (3)如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语时，常用 (2)不定式作主语常表示具体的或一次性的 t作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。 动作。 I find it easy to read English every day. It is difficult to play this game. (4)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式结构： (3)不定式作主语常表示目的或一件未完成 why not do...? 的事。 had better (not)do... To become a university student is his desire would rather do this year. could/would/will you please (not)do 中考专项精品试题分类英语 飞冲天 ■■ (三)不定式作表语 (六)不定式作状语 表示主语的具体内容，如职业、职责或性 (1)不定式作状语往往表示目的、结果、原因或条 质等。多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换 件等。作目的状语只能用不定式。 为作主语。 I went to the library to study English. My work is to clean the room every day. (2)不定式作结果状语，常见于too..to.., >To clean the room is my work every day. enough to..用法中。当表示发生在先后的 (四)不定式作定语 两个动作，或表示意想不到或事与愿违的结 (1)不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词后面。 它 果前通常加only或never。. 与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 He hurried to the station only to find that Have you got anything to say? the train had left. (2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有 二、动名词(10年5考) 动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 (一)动名词作主语 There is nothing to worry about (1)动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。 (3)不定式常和疑问词what,which,when, Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. where,how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。 (2)动名词作主语常表示一般或抽象的行为。 He didn't know where to go (=where he Collecting stamps is fun.(一般) should go). (3)动名词作主语常表示一件已知的事或经验。 (五)不定式作补足语 Skating is very interesting.(经验) (1)不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主 (4)有时用t作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾。 谓关系。tell,ask,want,allow,get,would 这种用法常用在It is no use(good),not any like,encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补 use(good),useless等句型中 足语。 It is no good learning English without My mother often encourages me to learn practice. Japanese. (二)动名词作宾语 (2)有些动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要 (1)动名词作动词或介词的宾语，表示一般的习 省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听 惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。 (hear,listen to)、三让(make,let,have)、四看 I like playing basketball very much.(动宾) (see,watch,look at,notice)、五帮助(help)。 Stamps are used for sending letters.(介傧) 但当这些词用于被动语态时，不能省略to(let ★注意：英语中有一些动词或动词短语后面 除外)。 常跟动名词作宾语。初中阶段常见：finish, My parents always make me do my homework enjoy,mind,miss,be worth,practice,have before I go out. fun,have trouble/problem (in),spend,feel My friends were made to work the whole like,be/get used to,look forward to,pay night by the boss attention to等。 一冲天 专题8非谓语动祠□ (2)后加不定式或动名词区别较大的动词： (二)分词作定语 remember to do(记住去做) (1)现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰 remember doing(记得做过) 的词。 forget to do(忘记去做) Do you know the girl standing under the tree? forget doing(忘记做过) (2)过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语是它所修饰的词。 (try to do(尽力做) Please hand in your written exercises. try doing(试着做) (三)分词作补足语 go on to do(接着做另一事) (1)现在分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是 go on doing(继续做同一事) 它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）。 stop to do(停下来去做) I heard him singing in the classroom. stop doing(停止做) (2)过去分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是 can't help to do(不能帮助做) 它的逻辑宾语（即被动关系）。 can't help doing(情不自禁做) He'll have his hair cut after school. (三)动名词作表语 ★注意：现在分词和不定式作宾补有区别，常见 多数情况下，动名词作表语，可转换为作 于动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,have等 主语。 中。它们接不带to的不定式作宾补，表示已 His hobby is collecting stamps. 经完成了的或经常性的动作；接现在分词作宾 =Collecting stamps is his hobby. 补，表示动作正在进行。 (四)动名词作定语 I heard him sing in the classroom.(动作已 (1)表示它所修饰的词的用途、功能等，置于被修结束) 饰词之前。 I saw them playing football on the playground. We should improve our teaching methods. (动作正在进行) The swimming pool is very big. (四)分词作状语 (2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态。如果作 (1)通常情况，作伴随状语用现在分词。 定语的是动名词短语，应放在被修饰词的 The students went out of the classroom, 后面。 talking and laughing. Make less noise.There's a sleeping child. (2)现在分词作结果状语，表示伴随着谓语动词 The boy wearing a red shirt is five years old. 的发生而产生的结果。 三、分词(10年7考) He was fired,killing one of the passers-by. (一)分词作表语 (3)现在分词还可以作原因、条件、时间状语等。 (1)现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征。 Living far from the company,I have to get up The situation is encouraging. early every morning..(表原因) (2)过去分词作表语，表示某种状态。 Working hard at your lessons,you are to The boy is too frightened to move. succeed.(表条件) 中考专项精品试题分美英语 冲天 Arriving home,he showed me a large bright 6.(2024·河北二模)David was planning clean home.(表时间) part in the activities on School Science Day. (4)过去分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、 A.took B.takes 方式或伴随等，相当于状语从句。 C.to take D.taking Told that his mother was ill,he hurried home 7.(2023·南开一模)】intend to quickly.（表时间) university after I finish high school. Seriously injured,he had to be taken to hospital. A.to go B.go C.went D.gone (表原因) 8.(2023·和平一模)Many great people ever failed,but they never gave up and managed 各区模拟 1.(2024·和平一模)What should we pay A.success B.succeed attention to the animals in danger? C.succeeding D.to succeed A.helping B.to help 9.(2023·河北一模)I started the computer C.help D.helped if some of my documents were missing. 2.(2024·南开一模)My classmate asked me to A.check B.checked lie for her.But I refused her. C.to check D.checking A.help B.helped 10.(2023西青一模)The new year is coming. C.helps D.to help Our teachers encourage us new 3.(2024·河东一模)一Tony,can you tell me hobbies. how to improve my English writing skills? A.develop B.developing -Of course.I advise you a diary in C.to develop D.developed English every day. 11.(2023·东丽-模)Mum always tells me A.to keep B.keeping any food when I have dinner at home. C.kept D.keep A.not to waste B.not waste 4.(2024·滨海一模)If you promise C.to waste D.to not waste your mother do some housework,you must do 12.(2023·和平一模)Our parents always try to it. do what they can us to have a good A.help B.to help learning condition. C.helping D.helped A.help B.helping 5.(2024·和平二模)一Let's play football on the C.helps D.to help playground. 13.(2023·和平二模)We should order what we -It's so hot outside.I prefer at can eat up in the restaurant home rather than out. wasting. A.to stay;go B.staying;going A.to avoid B.avoiding C.to stay;to go D.staying;go C.avoided D.avoid 一冲天 专题8非谓语动祠 14.(2023·红桥一模)My English teacher advised22.(2022·河北二模)China launched(发射)the me a speech in the third Stories of Shenzhou-13 spaceship and sent three astro- China Retold in English. nauts on a six-month mission(使命) A.make B.makes C.made D.to make its space station. 15.(2022·南开一模)一Peter offered A.build B.built C.building D.to build us skating. 23.(2021·南开一模)一I'm new here. -That's great!He is really good at it. Don't worry.I'll try my best you. A.to teach B.teach A.to help B.help C.teaching D.taught C.helped D.helping 16.(2022·河北一模)Our teacher advises us 24.(2021·河北一模)We'd better follow the down the correct answers next to seven-step hand washing method the mistakes. healthy. A.write B.wrote A.to keep B.keeping C.to write D.writing C.kept D.keep 17.(2022·红桥一模)Henry was trying 25,(2021·东丽一模)When you leave,please it up when the snake bit him. turn off the light energy. A.pick B.to pick C.picked D.picking A.save B.saving C.saved D.to save 18.(2022·部分区一模)The Wolong Panda Reserve 26.(2021·和平-模)Mary decided allows people closer to them. that dictionary although it was expensive. A.got B.to get C.getting D.get A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.bought 19.(2022·和平二模)If one of your friends 27.(2021·河东-模)The old box made me sends you a message to borrow money on the about my hobby. Internet,you'd better phone him first A.think B.thinking sure of that. C.thinks D.to think A.to make B.making 28.(2021·津南一模)Peter enjoys C.make D.made pictures in the country on Sundays. 20.(2022·红桥二模)I learned A.draw B.drawing people,and they included me in their circle of C.to draw D.drew friends. 29.(2021·和平二模)Let's find out what else A.trusting B.trust we can do as many animals as C.to trust D.trusted possible. 21.(2022·西青二模)Would you please give us A.to save B.save something C.saving D.saved A.to drink B.drinking 30.(2021·南开二模)The mother asked her son C.drink D.drunk more books after school every day. 中考专项精品试题分美英语 冲天 A to read B.no to read A.not wake up him B.not to wake up him C.reading D.not reading C.not wake him up D.not to wake him up 31.(2021·红桥二模)My English teacher encou- 38.(2020·和平二模)Our teacher often advises raged me an English speaking us the habit of making notes while competition yesterday and I decided to have a reading. try. A.to develop B.develop A.enter B.to enter C.to developing D.developing C.entered D.entering 39.(2020·河北二模)Most people just enjoy 32.(2021·部分区二模)You'd better making friends,and they invite their pen it with your parents before you make friends them. decision. A.visiting B.to visit A.discuss B.to discuss C.visited D.visit C.discussed D.discussing 真题白测。。。。。 33.(2020·红桥一模)The girl lost her favourite 1.(2024·天津中考)People may use different book.She couldn't help body language the same feelings. A.crying B.to cry A.show B.to show C.cried D.cry C.showed D.shows 34.(2020·和平一模)一Do you always get up 2.(2023·天津中考)David1 earnt so early? when he was five. -Yes, the first bus.My home is A.swim B.swims far away from school. C.swam D.to swim A.catch B.to catch 3.(2022·天津中考)The painting is really valu C.catching D.caught able to him.He will never agree it. 35.(2020·南开一模)His story made everyone A.sell B.sells laugh and we wanted him one C.sold D.to sell more. 4.(2021·天津中考)When I was young,my par A.tell B.telling ents taught me older people kindly. C.to tell D.told A.treats B.to treat 36.(2020·西青一模)一Jack,remember C.treated D.treat off the lights when your bedroom. 5.(2020·天津中考)I've just watched a TV OK,I won't forget,Mom. programme about space.I hope on A.turning;leaving B.to turn;leave the moon one day. C.turning;left D.to turn;leaving A.walk B.walked 37.(2020·河西一模)Your father is sleeping C.walking D.to walk You'd better