12.第二章 专题十二 主谓一致（正文）-【中考专项新突破】2025年广州中考英语复习

专题十二 主谓一致 知识导图 主语为单数，谓语动词用单数 语法一致原则 主语为复数，谓语动词用复数 主谓一致 意义一致原则 谓语动词的单复数与句子主语所表达的意义保持一致 就近原则 谓语动词的单复数与最靠近它的主语保持一致 教材语境 用单词的适当形式填空。回顾主谓一致在教材中的用法。 1.One of the most famous schools (be)the Shaolin School.(9BU5) 温故知新：one of+名词复数做主语时，因为one是真正的主语，所以谓语动词用单数，即 语法一致原则。 2. People in the shopping centre (be)allowed to litter or smoke.(9AU3改编) 温故知新：people为集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，即意义一致原则。 3.Here (be)some ways to deal with stress and bring balance to your life.(9BU6) 温故知新：谓语动词与最近的主语(some ways))在人称和数上保持一致，即就近原则。 考点语法一致原则 主语 谓语 例句 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 动词不定式或动名词或从句 Communicating is more than just speaking. 沟通不仅仅是说话。(8BU2) one/every one/each one等+of+名词 Each one of the students is playing basketball in the 复数 playground. 每个学生都在操场上打篮球。 不定代词somebody,someone,something, Something is wrong with him.他有点不对劲。 anybody,anything,everybody,everyone, 单数 Everyone knows that Einstein is a genius. everything,nobody,no one,nothing 大家都知道爱因斯坦是个天才。(9AU2) more than one+单数名词 More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 As a result,the number of kinds of animals,birds, the number of+名词复数 insects and trees in the world is decreasing. 因此，世界上兽类、鸟类、昆虫和树木的种类都在 减少。(7BU4) a number of+名词复数 A small number of pet dogs even attack people. 少数宠物狗甚至会攻击人。(8BU6) 复数 Both his father and his mother are teachers. both..and..连接两个名词 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂335 (续表) 主语 谓语 例句 两个名词指不同的人或事物 复数 The writer and the actor have come to the party. and连接 这位作家和这位演员参加了这个晚会。 两个名词 两个名词指相同的人或事物 单数 The writer and actor has come to the party. 这位作家兼演员参加了这个晚会。 some/a lot of/lots of/plenty of/most of/the A lot of the furniture is made of wood. rest of/all of等+名词 很多家具都是用木头做的。(7BU4) 主语部分含有with,together with,along 与主语保Mike with his father has been to England, 持一致 迈克和他的父亲去过英格兰。 with,as well as,besides,except,but,like 等介词或介词短语 Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。 与量词保 This pair of shoes is Tom's.这双鞋是汤姆的。 kind of,pair of,glass of等+名词 持一致 Two kinds of birds have disappeared from the world. 有两种鸟已经从世界上消失了。 考点2意义一致原则 主语&谓语 例句 “the+形容词”作主语，表示一类人时，谓 The poor are very happy,but the rich are very sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却很悲伤。 语动词用复数；表示抽象概念时，谓语动词 The unknown is always something to be feared. 用单数 未知的东西总是令人害怕的。 People here are very friendly.这里的人很友好。 However,my host family are really friendly.I'm glad to be a people,police等集体名词作主语时，谓语 guest in their home. 动词用复数；family,class,group,public, 然而，我的寄宿家庭非常友好。我很高兴能在他们家做客。 team等集体名词作主语，若作为一个整体 (8AU5) 时，谓语动词用单数；若指其中的每一个成 Next week,my family is going to go on a trip to Beijing,so we 员时，谓语动词用复数 are now getting ready. 下周，我们全家将去北京旅行，所以我们现在正在准备。 (9BU1) 表示时间、价格、重量、数目、长度以及数 学运算等词或短语作主语时，作为一个整 Two months is a long holiday.两个月是一个长假。 体，谓语动词用单数 Ten miles isn't a long distance..十英里并不是一段很长的距离。 考点3就近原则 主语 谓语 例句 Either you or Jack is wrong. or,either ..or ...neither... 不是你错了就是杰克错了。 nor ...not only ..but also ... 谓语动词与较近的主语 not...but.等连接的两个名词或 在人称和数上保持一致 Not only the students but also the teacher likes to see the movie. 代词 不仅学生们喜欢看这部电影，老师也喜欢看。 be动词与最近的主语 There is a table and two chairs in Sally's room there/here be 在萨莉的房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。 在人称和数上保持一致 Here are some books for you..这里有一些书给你。 336阅盟学堂 XTPZK GZYY 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Keeping pet dogs (be)a good idea.There (be)lots of reasons for this. (8BU6) 2.“Something (have)made that last leaf stay there.It's wrong to want to die,"said Johnsy to Sue.(9AU8) ()3.Neither Saturday nor Sunday OK because I will be quite busy these two days. A.are B.is C.am D.be ()4.One thousand kilometres quite a long way for the ancients,but now we can complete the journey in about two hours by air. A.was B.had C.were D.have )5.-Look!Many students on the playground. -They always there and they have to practise every day. A.sing;sing B.are singing;sing C.is singing;sings D.are singing;sings 二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Jim has a problem.There 1. (be)only one television in his house.Jim as well as his brother 2. (like)watching TV.But they 3. (watch)different programmes. One day,Jim noticed that his brother had been watching TV for a long time,so he said,"I think two hours of TV 4. (be)enough for you,and now it's my turn."At first his brother disagreed.But as it happened,Jim's family 5. (be)at home,so they talked to his brother and invited him to play basketball together with them.Finally,everyone was happy. 备考演练 语法选择。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自然（热爱自然） 难度：1100 词数：约280 用时：8分钟 My feet raced up the trail()back to Grandpa's yard as fast as I could."Grandpa,I heard 1 strange in your woods！” "Let's go and find out what it is,"he said.He took my hand.2 big hand felt safe and warm. We hiked towards a big rock that looks like a mushroom().Cack-cack-cack-cack!There was that sound!Grandpa's hand3 tighter by me！“What is that,Grandpa?”I whispered(小声说). "It's 4 first sign of spring,"he said."What about 5 past the big rock a bit?See if you can find out what it is. XTPZK GZYY阅盟学堂337 “6_myself?”I asked. "I promise it's safe.I'll stay here by the big rock where you can see me,"Grandpa told me. "No,"I started 7.I looked at Grandpa and his whole face seemed to be smiling,even his eyes.I wondered 8 an adventurer would do. Cack-cack-cack!The sound was even 9 on the other side of the rock.I stopped and looked back."It's all right,just a little farther,"Grandpa said. Crunch!Crunch!My feet stepped on the dead leaves 10 I got closer.Suddenly there was silence.I heard Grandpa whispering,"Just sit down and watch." I sat and held on to my knees.My heart was beating so 11.I did not see any animals.Just ahead of me there was a big puddle. Cack-cack-cack!The sound was loud in front of me.12 pairs of golden eyes were sticking up out of the water!"Frogs!"I yelled.I 13 see long brown legs floating behind. "These are wood frogs.It's time for them to lay eggs,14 they're calling to each other. As I headed back up the trail,I 15 back and smiled.There was something special in Grandpa's woods.(2024广东广州花都中考一模改编) )1.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything )2.A.He B.Him C.His D.Himself ( )3.A.was holding B.held C.hold D.was held )4.A.a B.an C.the D./ )5.A.g0 B.going C.to go D.gone ( )6.A.0n B.In C.At D.By )7.A.say B.to say C.said D.says ( )8.A.where B.what C.whether D.how )9.A.louder B.loudest C.loud D.the loudest )10.A.f B.until C.unless D.when )11.A.quickly B.quick C.quickness D.quicker ( )12.A.Many B.Some C.Any D.Few )13.A.should B.might C.could D.would )14.A.because B.but C.so D.or )15.A.looked B.look C.have looked D.will look 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 338 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY5.Although/Though he is 备考演练 1-5 DACBC 6-10 CABCA 11-15 DBCBC 第3讲关系从句（定语从句）】 教材语境 1-2AC 中考链接 1.那些是去年筑巢的同一群鸟吗？ 2.Sam是一个外国学生，他去年来到了中国。 对点专练 1-6 AACDCB 直击中考 1-3 BAD 备考演练 1-5 ACACB 6-10 ADCCB 11-15 BADBD 专题十二主谓一致 教材语境 1.is 2.aren't 3.are 对点专练 -1.is are 2.has 3-5 BAB 二、1.is2.likes3.watch4.is5.were 备考演练 1-5 ACDCB 6-10 DBBAD 11-15 ABCCA 专题突破 语法小卷 一、名词 (l)a.①excuse②chance b.bananas c.glasses (2)a.①water②teab.①food②water (3)a.teacher'sb.①the name of②the color of c.①basketball his②guitar her brother's 主题情景，知识串练 1.activities 2.friends 3.teachers 4.uniform 5.advice 6.weeks 7.months 8.members'9.fun 10.of 二、动词 第1讲动词的用法 (l)①says said said to say②went gone (2)①read②cook(3)①smiles②stopped (4)①tastes②sounds(5)①take②go/return (6)①look②ask 主题情景，知识串练 1.spent 2.buy 3.asked/required 4.felt 5.looked 第2讲谓语动词的时态 (1)①means②practice(2)①looked②was (3)①will visit/is going to visit②will bring (4)①is watching②are drawing(5)①were playing ②was swimming(6)①has collected②have visited 主题情景，知识串练 1.comes 2.has stayed 3.will be/is going to be 4.are practicing 5.were talking 6.invited 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY 第3讲谓语动词的被动语态 (l)are eaten(2)①was called②were asked③were invented (3)will/is going to be built (4)Obe put 2be made(5)①was planted②was closed(6)①were made to do 2was seen to play 主题情景，知识串练 1.was caught 2.is/was called 3.were used 4.must be needed 5.will be learned 第4讲动词的非谓语形式 (1)①To learn②To help(2)①to rain②where to go(3)①to bring②to take③to make(4)①to protect②to get(5)①Seeing②Smoking (6)①running②playing(7)①moving②writing (8)①singing②meeting③sleeping 主题情景，知识串练 1.testing 2.to join 3.to pay 4.to have 5.playing 三、形容词和副词 （一)形容词的用法 (1)①excited②delicious(2)①important ②tiring (3)①special②necessary(4)①long ②tall (5)relaxed(6)①proud②little(7)①lost②worried (二)副词的用法 (1)①carefully②too(2)①successfully②quickly/fast (3)①ago②online(4)①cut down②put on (5)①away②off (三)形容词和副词的原级的用法 (1)①long②as easily as(2)①brave②not as/,so clearly(3)①heavy②wide(4)①dangerous ②successfully (四)形容词和副词的比较级的用法 (l)①earlier②more important(2)①convenient 2colder and colder (3)the more careful the fewer (4)①thinner②more outgoing (五)形容词和副词的最高级的用法 (l)①the longest②the most exactly(2)①of the most comfortable 2of the cheapest 主题情景，知识串练 1.close 2.carefully 3.old 4.first 5.weak 6.sad 7.later 8.darkest 9.so 10.friendlier 四、代词 (1)a.①they②heb.①him②it(2)①their ②her(3)a.①herself②myself c.yourselves (4)a.these b.those (5)Dany c.all 主题情景，知识串练 1.it 2.him 3.her 4.some 5.himself 五、数词 (1)a.①8：30②10：00b.①7：15②6：50c.9:30 (2)a.①six times②once b.①1.68米②4千米长 (4)①in1998②(5)a.at the age of eleven b.twelve (8)a.two thousand b.millions 主题情景，知识串练 1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A 六、介词 (1)a.①at night②at the age of b.①in 31参考答案详解详析