3.第二章 专题三 形容词和副词（正文）-【中考专项新突破】2025年广州中考英语复习

专题三 形容词和副词 知识导图 句法功能：作定语、表语、补语、状语 一般用法：连系动词/感官动词+-ing形容词/-ed形容词 形容词 特殊句型：Itis+ad.(for/ofsb.）+to do sth. 词义辨析 句法功能：作状语 形容词 般用法：用在动词后 副词 和副词 词义辨析 形容词和副词的混合辨析 规则变化 构成不规则变化 形容词和副词的三级 原级：肯定A.+as+原级+as+B; 否定A..+not as/,so+原级+as+B 用法 比较级：比较级+than 最高级：one of the+最高级 教材语境 用形容词和副词的适当形式填空。回顾形容词和副词在教材中的用法。 1.If you walk a different way to school or take a different bus,you will keep your brain (actively).(8AU7) 温故知新：形容词作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。 2 (final/finally),owning dogs can be expensive.(8BU6) 温故知新：副词作状语，修饰整个句子。 3.One of the (more/most)exciting events in the Olympics is the 100-metre race.(9BU5) 温故知新：one of+the+形容词的最高级+可数名词复数意为“最…的…之一”。 中考链接 )1.The number of the penguins was once much but it isn't very big.(2024广州 语法选择) A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest 点拨：考查形容词。由空格前的much可知，此处需用形容词的比较级，故用bigger.。 ()2.The two kids climbed onto the rocks and looked over.(2024广州语法选择) A.care B.caring C.careful D.carefully 点拨：考查副词。修饰动词climbed需用副词，故用carefully。 XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂259 考点解读 广州卷近5年中考统计情况 考点 年份 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 题型 (3)He felt 语法选择 very sad. (16)he is right; (18)empty (19)a little (24)was really stomach: lucky; (17)be surprised; wasp; (20)was alone; (19)the last 完形填空 (25)Sam was (21)gets 形容词的原 (21)was blind (25)social piece; hungry never nervous 级和辨析 animals (23)in a (23)surprised neryous voice: lion (25)feel good 单词拼写 (52)keep quiet (46)traditional (50)I'm so 语篇填词 (47)foreign (48)Chinese art; proud of countries (49)is not easy people 形容词的 (10)once much 比较级 语法选择 (10)dirtier bigger 形容词的 最高级 语法选择 (1)the greatest (10)earlier 语法选择 (2)carefully than; (8)reach (7)even; (12)run home climbed (15)cried carefully (10)too cheerfully; happily (15)to0 (20)said Sam 完形填空 (18)Clearly (17)how far; excitedly; 副词 (18)went well (20)quickly (21)replied Mr 辨析 White patiently 单词拼写 (20)Luckily... (48)carefully completely/ 语篇填词 (49)walk inside (56)finally cautiously cleaned 考向（①》形容词 考点①形容词的概念和句法功能 形容词是描述人或事物特征、性质、属性或状态的词，主要用来修饰名词或不定代词，在 句子中常充当定语、表语、补语或状语。 功能 位置 例子 放在系动词之后 She is so friendly. (1)be动词+形容词 am/is/are beautiful 作表语 (2)连系动词+形容词 turn yellow,get warm,go bad (3)感官动词+形容词 feel soft,taste delicious 260 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY (续表) 功能 位置 例子 放在名词之前； The clever boy is my brother. 作定语 Let's have something delicious. 不定代词之后 something wrong,nothing special) 作宾语补足语 放在宾语之后 We should keep the room tidy. He arrived home very late but safe. 作状语 位于句首、句中、句末 Hungry and tired,I had to stop to have a rest. 意连系动词+形容词（动词的过去分词），如：get/be married结婚，get dressed穿衣，be get lost迷路，look worried看上去很担心。 考点2ing形容词和-ed形容词用法的区别 形容词形式 单词 用法 例子 tiring,boring, 指事物对人的影响，常修饰 -ing He felt after watching the exciting,interesting 事物，主语一般是物 match.看了这场激动人心 tired,bored, 指人对事物的感受，主语 -ed excited,interested 般是人 的比赛后，他感到兴奋。 害点3与形容词相关的一些特殊句型 1.tis+形容词(for/ofsb.）+t0d0sth.句型。(2021,2023,2024) (1)Itis+形容词(for sb..)+to do sth.,意为“（对某人来说）做某事是…的”。 ·形容词是描写事物特性的词，如easy、difficult、important等。例如： It is necessary to tell him about it..把这件事告诉他是有必要的： It is easy for him to answer the question..对他来说，回答这个问题是容易的。 (2)tis+形容词(ofsb.)+to do sth.,意为“（某人）做某事是…的”。 形容词是描述人物性格特征的词，如nice、kind、clever、.brave等。例如： It is very brave of Yang Liwei to fly into space..杨利伟飞上太空是很勇敢的。 It is very nice of you to lead the way for us.你能给我们带路真是太好了。 2.find/hink/fee/make it+形容词+to do sth.句型。(2o2l) I found it hard to climb up to the top of the mountain.我发现爬上山顶是艰难的。 The machine makes it possible for people to stay in the deep sea for a long time. 这台机器使人们有可能长时间地待在深海里。 3.too+形容词(for sb.）+to do sth./形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词+that 从句/such(+形容词)+名词+that从句等句型。 (1)too+形容词(for sb.)+to do sth..,意为“太…而不能做某事”。(2021)例如： She is too weak to walk farther..她太虚弱，不能再走更远了。 The house is too expensive for him to buy.房子对他来说太贵了，他买不起。 (2)形容词+enough(for sb.)+to do sth.,意为“足够…去做某事”。(2023)例如： He is old enough to go to school.他够年龄去上学。 The money is not enough for me to buy this car.这些钱不够我买这辆车。 (3)s0+形容词+that从句，意为“如此…以至于…”。(2022,2024)例如： The song is so popular that everyone can sing it.这首歌如此流行，以至于人人都会唱。 He was so lazy that he was fired very soon.他太懒惰了，以至于很快就被解雇了。 XTPZK GZYY阅盟学堂261 意以上三个句型都是使用形容词原级。三种句型的转换示例： He is too young to go to school.He is not old enough to go to school.-He is so young that he can't go to school..他太小了，还不能去上学。 (4)such(+形容词)+名词+that从句，意为“如此…以至于…”。例如： It was such a fine day that we went out for a walk. 那是一个如此晴朗的日子，（所以)我们出去散步了。 It is a heavy stone I can't lift it up.The stone is heavy Ican't lift it up.这块石头太重，以至于我不能抬起它。 考息4形容词词义辨析 分析广州近7年中考真题可知，在完形填空中主要考查形容词词义辨析。考查的形容词类 型涉及状态类、情感情绪类、人物性格类等。 常考形容词归纳（根据2014~2024年中考完形填空总结） 种类 例子 active,best,difficult,fast,good(11),important,last,loud,noisy,other, 状态类 simple,sleepy,strong (11 2),asleep,dangerous,empty,free,hungry, interesting,little,necessary,old,quiet,silent,slow,alone,blind afraid(l年2考)，bored,angy,excited,proud,nervous(l年3考)，surprised(Il年2考)， 情感情绪类 concerned,satisfied,disappointed,lucky,sad,lonely,worried(1l年2考)，happy(l年2考) 人物性格类 brave(1l年2考)，shy,lazy,funny(ll年2考)，strict,clever,.polite,honest,social 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.For example,his notebooks include some (interest/interested/interesting)drawings of flying machines.(8AUl) )2.Bill always has different kinds of ideas.I think he is enough to be a famous writer. A.create B.creative C.creativity D.creatively )3.-It's very of you to help me. -It's my pleasure.I'm glad you've made such great progress. A.kindly B.kindness C.kind D.kinder 二、微语境练。根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词，注意使用正确形式。 Once upon a time,a young boy named Mike lived in a small village.He had nothing to do and felt quite b 1 until he joined a volunteer club.In the club,he met a(n)o 2 lady and she needed someone to help her read books.He read loudly to let her hear clearly.She was t 3 to Mike for his kindness.Mike was p 4 of himself because he helped the lady.He realized that helping others could turn boring days into w 5 ones and his heart was filled with joy. 2. 3. 考向2》副词 考点1副词的概念和句法功能 副词是指在句中描写人的行为或状态特征以及物的状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、 其他副词或句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念 262阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY 功能 作用 例子 修饰动词 She listens carefully in class.她认真地听课。 The food here is really delicious.这里的食物真的 修饰形容词或其他副词 很好吃。 作状语 He drew pretty well.他画得特别好。 Luckily,a policeman saw him and helped him. 修饰整个句子 幸运的是，一名警察看到了他并帮助了他。 ①意副词小品词与动词一起构成短语动词，可以放在动词和名词宾语之间或之后；宾语若是代 词，则副词小品词只能放在宾语之后。比如：The box is heavy.He moves away the box.=He moves the box away.=He moves it away..(代词放中间) 考点2副词词义辨析 分析广州近7年中考真题可知，在完形填空中主要考查以-y结尾的副词的词义辨析(？年6考) 和方式副词的词义辨析(？年3考)；在语法选择中主要考查程度副词的词义辨析(7年4考)。下表所 列为初中常见的副词。 种类 例子 频度副词 always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never (总是) (通常) (经常) (有时) (很少) (几乎不) (从不) 100% 90% 60% 40% 20% 10% 0% 地点副词 here,there,nearby,outside,upwards,above 方式副词 hard,well,fast,soon,far,close,deep,late 程度副词 almost,.nearly,very,quite(相当)，rather(有点)，enough,so,even,too,just,only 时间副词 ago,before,then,soon,now,once,early,recently,still,later,already,yet 疑问副词 how,where,when,why 意很多形容词加-y后就变成副词，形容词通常意为“…的”，副词意为“…地”。 常考的以-y结尾的副词归纳（根据2014~2024年中考总结） A G p actively积极地；活跃地 gently温柔地；温和地 quickly快速地(11年2考) annoyingly恼人地 H quietly安静地 angrily愤怒地(11年2考) hopefully有希望地 中 B happily高兴地 rapidly快速地 busily忙碌地 I S c interestingly有趣的是 suddenly突然(1l年3考) carelessly粗心地(I1年2考) immediately立即；马上 strangely奇怪地(1年3考) carefully仔细地(11年3考) L slowly慢地 confidently自信地 luckily幸运地(11年2考) sadly悲伤地(11年2考) clearly明显地 loudly大声地；喧闹地 silently无声地；默默地 E N T easily容易地 noisily吵闹地 thankfully幸亏；感激地 excitedly兴奋地 P U F politely有礼貌地 unluckily不幸地 finally终于；最后 patiently有耐心地 XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂263 考点3形容词和副词的混合辨析 有些副词有两种形式：一种形式与形容词相同，意义也相近；另一种形式是在形容词后加-y, 但意义与前者有区别。 形容词及其词义 副词及其词义 形容词及其词义 副词及其词义 close接近 high高地 close接近的 high高的 closely亲密地 highly很；非常 late晚，迟 deep深深地 late晚的，迟的 deep深的 lately最近 deeply深刻地 near邻近地 hard努力地 near邻近的 hard困难的 nearly几乎 hardly几乎不 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Sometimes we saw stars shooting (bright/brightly)across the sky.(7BU8) ( )2.Why does John act so Look,he's speaking faster.His face becomes redder and you can almost see fire in his eyes. A.happily B.angrily C.calmly D.sadly )3.-Jessica,it's raining outside. -Oh,you should be when you drive to work. A.hard;careful B.hardly;careful C.hard;carefully D.hardly;carefully 二、 微语境练。请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 sudden fast excited surprisedly luckily One day,I 1. went on a picnic with my parents.When we had lunch,I 2. found that the sky got dark.3. it started raining.We ran 4. and wanted to find a place to stay.However,the sun 5. came out and we thought that it was an interesting experience. 考向3》形容词和副词的三级 考点1形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.形容词的比较级和最高级的规则变化。 方法 原级 比较级 最高级 (1)单音节词比较级加er,最高级加est warm warmer warmest (2)以e结尾的单音节词比较级加r,最高 late later latest 级加st (3)重读闭音节且词尾只有一个辅音字 big bigger biggest 母，双写该辅音字母，比较级加er, 最高级加est hot (4)以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i,比 busy busier busiest 较级加er,最高级加est heavy 264 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY (续表) 方法 原级 比较级 最高级 (5)某些双音节和多音节词（三个或以 tired more tired most tired 上)，通常比较级是在前面加more/ famous more famous less,最高级是在前面加most/least interesting less interesting 2.形容词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化。 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good,well(两好) better best farther(距离远) farthest far(一远) bad,l(两坏) worse worst further(程度深) furthest many,much(两多 more most older(岁数大；东西I旧) oldest old(一老) little(一少) less least elder(年长的) eldest 对点专练 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级及最高级。 1.fast 9.fat 16.few 2.mad 10.little 17.far 3.lazy 11.famous 4.young 18.large 5.early 12.many 19.beautiful 6.good 13.busy 7.bad 14.clever 20.difficult 8.useful 15.old 21.cold 考点2形容词和副词的原级、比较级及最高级的用法 1.和一样…肯定：as…as… (同级比较)【否定：not so/,as..as.… 5.在…最…，the+最高级+of/ 2.比…更…比较级+than… in/among:世界上最古老的 ★much,alot,a little,even,far可修 原级、 形容 最高 饰比较级，加强程度 比较 6.第几…，the+序数词+最高级 词和 级句 3.越来越…，比较级+and+比较级： 级句 +名词单数：第二长河 越来越好 到 副词 型 7.最…的…之一，one of+the+ 4.越…越…，the+比较级，the+比 形容词的最高级+名词复数：最高的男 较级：越多越好 孩之一 例句l.This tree is three times as tall as that one..这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。 2.My room is bigger than yours.我的房间比你的大。 XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂265 Our classroom is much cleaner than theirs..我们的教室比他们的千净得多。 3.She is becoming more and more popular.她变得越来越受欢迎了。 4.The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make 你越认真，犯的错误就越少。 5.Miller jumps the highest among the three students.在三个学生中，米勒跳得最高。 6.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China..黄河是中国第二长的河流。 7.Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.The new bridge is three times as (long）as the old one. 2.Which is much difficult),English or Maths? 3.It's quite (cold)in winter in Hunan.But it's even in Heilongjiang. 4.Beijing is the second (large)city in China. 5.The many)friends you have,the (much)help you will get. 二、微语境练。请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 excellent easy hard confident best Emily is my friend.She often learns English after school and she studies 1. than me.She thinks English is 2. than any other subject.Of all the subjects,she likes English 3. She can speak 4. English.And she can communicate with others 5. For Emily, learning English is fun. 直击中考 一、形容词和副词在语法选择中的运用。 分析广州近7年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了6次形容词（几乎每年必考1题）和11 次副词（每年必考1~2题）。在对形容词的考查中，6次都是根据上下文推断法来确定答案的。在对 副词的考查中，2次是根据上下文推断法来确定答案的，9次是根据句子成分分析法来确定答案的。 语篇训练句子成分分析法 (一)》 The Internet has made it 1 for people to share different kinds of beauty than before.With the help of the Internet,people's opinions about beauty change 2.People are now able to borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. ()1.A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest )2.A.quickest B.quicker C.quickly D.quickness 266阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY (二) Among all the traffic ways,I hated planes the most.I didn't like taking planes,but this time I had to take a flight for a business trip.I got on the plane 3.When the plane was ready to take off,I was so 4 that my legs were shaking. ()3.A.care B.caring C.careful D.carefully ( )4.A.nervous B.more nervous C.the most nervous D.most nervous 语篇训练儿上下文推断法 How much do you know about ice cream?Actually,ice cream has a 5 history than you imagine.The emperors of the Tang Dynasty are believed to have been the first to eat "a frozen milk-like dessert".And in the 16th century,Antonio Latini created a kind of milk-based water ice.It was considered as the original "official"ice cream. Nowadays,ice cream has become one of 6 things among young people. )5.A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest )6.A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular 二、 形容词和副词在完形填空中的运用。 分析广州近7年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，共考查了19次形容词（每年必考2~5题）》 和9次副词（每年必考1~2题）。在对形容词的考查中，2次是根据词汇复现法来确定答案的， 17次是根据语境推断法来确定答案的。9次对副词的考查都是根据语境推断法来确定答案的。 语篇训练词汇复现法 I did lots of experiments and exercises,but I still didn't do well in my chemistry exam.It made me sad.I wanted to do something to improve my chemistry grades. I took out my previous()chemistry homework.Then I studied all of my 1 answers. I found that some of them were caused by carelessness,and some of them resulted from a lack of knowledge.Through learning these wrong answers,I know I have to finish my homework more 2 and work out the knowledge I don't know.Next time I will do more carefully in the exam. ( )1.A.right B.wrong C.similar D.perfect )2.A.successfully B.excitedly C.carefully D.quietly 语篇训练儿语境推断法 David received a parrot()on his birthday.The parrot had a poor vocabulary and many words it said were not 3.David felt unhappy.And he tried 4 to change the bird's words.He often said polite words,played soft music and tried anything he could think of to set a 5 example.But nothing worked.He shouted at the bird and the bird just got 6 and became even less polite. XTPZK GZYY阅盟学堂267 Finally,without any hope,David put the parrot in the fridge.For a few moments he heard the bird kick and cry 7 in it.Then one day it was quiet.David was 8 that he might have hurt the bird and quickly opened the fridge's door.The parrot 9 stepped out onto David's arm.It was excited to see David.It said,"I believe that I have made you angry with me about my 10 words and actions.I will try my best to be polite from now on.I am 11 and I wish you to pardon me. David was surprised at the bird's change,and he was just to ask what had made such a 12 change.The parrot went on saying,"May I ask what the chicken in the fridge did?" )3.A.interesting B.terrible C.beautiful D.polite )4.A.hard B.deep C.near D.late )5.A.good B.similar C.same D.lucky ( )6.A.sick B.bored C.angry D.excited )7.A.easily B.loudly C.slowly D.wisely )8.A.busy B.confident C.amazed D.worried )9.A.quietly B.strictly C.bravely D.happily )10.A.creative B.bad C.dangerous D.noisy ( )11.A.sorry B.enjoyable C.difficult D.ready ( )12.A.little B.surprising C.free D.careful 三、形容词和副词在语篇填词中的运用。 分析广州近4年中考真题可知，在语篇填词中，考查了5次形容词和2次副词，都是根据 语境推断法来确定答案的。 语篇训练语境推断法 My grandfather loved fishing.When I was young,he tried to make me i 1 in it.But I told him I didn't want to go fishing with him.After that,he went fishing a 2. One Saturday afternoon,I changed my mind."Grandpa,I wonder why you like standing out here for hours like this,”I asked.“You've done nothing all afternoon！Don't you feel b3?” “Well,”he said.“When I was a boy,fishing wasn't‘nothing'.n fact,.it was everything. Now,when I fish,I go b 4 to the time when I was that boy.It was a happy time. My grandfather's words changed the way I saw him.I didn't just see an o 5 man,aged 81, but somebody who had great wisdom. 1. 2. 3 5 备考演练 语法选择。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自我（自我提升）难度：Ⅱ0 】词数：约260用时：7分钟 Once upon a time,there was an old woman.Her son was 1 lazy boy and did nothing at all. She became 2 about his future.One day,she said to her son,"I hope you can go to this island 268阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY第4讲动词的非谓语形式 教材语境 1.plan 2.walking moving 中考链接 1-2DB 考向1 对点专练 一、1.todo2.to buy3.work 二、l.to help2.to become3.make 考向2 对点专练 一、I.capturing2.singing3.understanding 二、l.playing2.getting3.to practise 4.communicating 直击中考 -、1-5 ABDCA6-10 BCABD 二、l.afford to take/have2.agreed to change 3.found difficult/hard to finish/complete 4.practises playing 5.makes me feel 备考演练 1-5 AAACB 6-10 DDBCA 11-15 CDBDD 专题三形容词和副词 教材语境 1.active 2.Finally 3.most 中考链接 1-2BD 考向1 考点2 excited exciting 考点3 3.(4)such that so that 对点专练 -1.interesting 2-3 BC 二、l.bored2.old3.thankful4.proud 5.wonderful 考向2 对点专练 一、1.brightly2-3BA 1.excitedly 2.surprisedly 3.Unluckily 4.fast 5.suddenly 考向3 考点1 1.(3)hotter hottest (4)heavier heaviest (5)most famous least interesting 对点专练 1.faster fastest 2.madder maddest 3.lazier laziest 4.younger youngest 5.earlier earliest 6.better best 7.worse worst 8.more useful most useful 9.fatter fattest 10.less least 11.more famous most famous 12.more most 13.busier busiest 14.cleverer/more clever cleverest/most clever 15.older/elder oldest/eldest 16.fewer fewest 17.farther/further farthest/furthest 18.larger largest 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY 19.more beautiful most beautiful 20.more difficult most difficult 21.colder coldest 考点2 3.better and better 4.the more,the better 5.the oldest in the world 6.the second longest river 7.one of the tallest boys 对点专练 -1.long 2.more difficult 3.cold colder 4.largest 5.more more 二、l.harder2.easier3.best 4.excellent 5.confidently 直击中考 一、1-2BC3-4DA5-6BD 二、1-2BC3-7 DAACB8-12 DDBAB 三、l.interested2.alone3.bored4.back5.old 备考演练 1-5 CACDB 6-10 BDCDA 11-15 DCABB 专题四代词 教材语境 1.they 2.myself 3.This 中考链接 1-3 CBA 考向1 考点1 She her 考点2 your my Ours 对点专练 -、1.their2-3BC 二、l.She2.We3.My4.ourselves 考向2 对点专练 -、1.these2-3AA 二、l.It2.these3.One4.This 考向3 对点专练 一、1.Whose2.Who3-4Ac 二、l.Which2.what3.how4.who 考向4 a few few a little little 对点专练 一、1.Afew2-3AA 二、l.Many2.few3.all4.anyone 直击中考 1-5 BBDDA 备考演练 1-5 CDBAA 6-10 BDBAC 11-15 BDADC 专题五数词 教材语境 thousands 中考链接 28 参考答案详解详析