2.第二章 专题二 动词（正文）-【中考专项新突破】2025年广州中考英语复习

专题二动词 第1讲 动词和动词词组 知识导图 原形 第三人称单数 动词 现在分词 过去式与过去分词 分类 情态动词 can,may,must... 同一动词型：look,give,take… 动词词组 同一介/副词型：for,off,up… 混合型 教材语境 用动词的适当形式填空。回顾动词在教材中的用法。 1.Alice often tell)me jokes to make me laugh,but she never (make)fun of others.(7BUI) 温故知新：当主语是第三人称单数时，一般在动词原形后加$。 2.Jane's mother said,"If you really want something,work hard and never (give out/give up).Then you'll find a way."(7BU8) 温故知新：give out意为“分发”，give up意为“放弃”。 中考链接 ()1.Another is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish.Penguins( find enough food for their babies.(2024广州语法选择） A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't 点拨：考查动词。由上文“另一个原因是这个地区的渔民捕捞了太多鱼”可知，此处 指企鹅不能为它们的幼崽找到充足的食物。空格处表示“不能”，故用can't。 ()2."Hello,Mr Li,"I said sweetly."I came to ask if I could help paint the posters for the Reading Day.I don't mind for the whole day at the library tomorrow. (2024广州完形填空) A.reading B.discussing C.relaxing D.working 点拨：由上文“我来问一下我能不能帮忙画读书日的海报”可知，此处指我不介意在 图书馆工作一整天。read阅读，discuss讨论，relax放松。 228阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY 考点解读 广州卷近5年中考统计情况 考点 年份 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 题型 (50)share .. (46)remember (48)visit (46)increase rice 语篇填词 动词 with .. Qu Yuan Dunhuang production 单词拼写 (55)throw away 情态 语法选择 (13)can't (11)could (8)can't 动词 (3)must 完形填空 (21)give up 动词 (54)give up (51)take part in; (53)take good (57)take a 词组 完成句子 (53)had difficulty care of vacation/go in making on holiday (16)work; (19)work; (18)wait; (17)hope; (16)catch; 动词 (19)join; (20)drop; (22)paint; (21)catch; (17)hurt; 完形填空 辨析 (22)describe; (23)save (24)cheer (24)understand (18)return; (23)leave (22)taste 考向1 实义动词辨析 分析广州近11年中考真题可知，实义动词辨析是必考考点。在解答此类题型时，学生要确 定每个动词的含义，通过上下文分析语境，从而确定答案。 常考动词归纳(2014~2024广州卷完形填空)(*表示2022年新课标单词) A disappear消失 hurt使受伤 accept接受 discuss讨论 hope希望 paint画 agree同意(11年2考) doubt怀疑 I pick采摘 B drop落下；掉下 imagine想象 play玩；播放(11年3考) buy买(11年2考) E increase增加 practise练习 believe相信 eat吃(11年3考) invite邀请 prepare准备 C enter进来；报名参加 J pretend假装 catch捕捉(11年2考) excite使激动；使兴奋 join参加(1l年2考) produce生产 cheer鼓励；鼓舞 F jump跳 promise承诺 (11年2考) fall掉落；落下 K R clear清理；清除 raise筹募；增加；提高 fight与…做斗争 keep保持 collect收集；采集 reach到达 finish完成 kil杀死 compare比较 read读 forget忘记(1l年3考) know知道 continue继续 realize认识到；意识到 control操纵；控制 Q L refuse拒绝(1l年3考) (11年2考) give提供；给 laugh笑 regret后悔；遗憾 cook烹饪 grow生长；变得；种植 leave离开(1l年2考) relax放松 change改变(11年2考) guide引领 lose失去 remember记得 choose选择 H N repeat重复 D help帮助(11年3考) notice看到；注意到 reply回答 decide决定(1l年2考) hide隐藏；躲藏 0 report报道；公布 describe描述 hit打；击 offer主动提出 rest放松；休息 XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂229 return返回；归还 smell闻；嗅(11年2考) taste品尝 V (11年3考) start开始 think思考；认为 visit探望；参观 stop停止(11年3考) tie系；捆；绑 satisfy使满意；使满足 suffer受苦；受折磨 touch接触；碰 W save救助；节约(1年3考) surprise使惊讶(1l年2考) try尝试 wake醒来(1l年2考) sell售卖 swim游泳 tum转动；转向 wait等待 send寄；送 search搜索 throw扔 watch看 shout喊叫(11年2考) U wory担心 show给…看；展示 T understand 理解；明白 write写 shut关闭；关上 talk谈论；说话(11年2考) (11年3考) work工作(11年2考) sleep睡觉 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Marco Polo loved Hangzhou so much that he described/discussed)it as "the finest city in the world”.(9BUl) )2.John never tells lies to us.He is so honest that we all him. A.teach B.trust C.refuse D.hurt )3.-The hair product is being at present. -You mean if it's up to the standard,it will be put on the market soon. A.sold B.tested C.shown D.used 二、微语境练。根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Tom is honest.He 1. (find)a wallet today.He doesn't 2. (keep)it for himself.He 3. (give)it to the policeman.The policeman 4. (think)that Tom is a good boy.He 5. be)proud of Tom. 基础知识必备 基本形式 构成规则 例子 动词原形 动词的基本形式 study,be,like,catch,depend (1)一般在动词原形后加s read—reads,take—takes,put (2)以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词，后加s pass一passes,teach go- 第三人称 单数 (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y变为i, carry carries,.cry cries,fiy 再加es try (4)不规则变化 have-has (1)一般在动词原形后加ing read-reading,catch- do- (2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ing write-writing,make- 现在分词 (3)重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动 swim-swimming,run- 词，双写此辅音字母，再加ing (4)以ie结尾的动词，将ie变为y,再加ing die-dying,lie- 230 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY (续表) 基本形式 构成规则 例子 (1)一般在动词原形后加ed work-worked,pass- live-lived,hope-hoped, (2)以e结尾的动词，直接加d decide- 过去式与 (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y变为i,再 study-studied,worry- 过去分词 加ed hurry- (4)重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写此 stop-stopped,plan- 辅音字母，再加ed (5)不规则变化 take-took—taken,go—went—gone 对点专练 写出下列动词的相应形式。 动词原形 第三人称单数 现在分词 过去式 过去分词 be do regret pass carry solve die search 考向2》 情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，要与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词 后要使用动词原形，通常没有人称和数的变化(have to和be able to除外)。 1.情态动词一览表。 情态动词 过去式 词义 句型变化 I could swim at the age of seven.(肯定句) 能；会； can could →I couldn't swim at the age of seven..（否定句) 可以 →Could you swim at the age of seven?(一般疑问句) You may take a walk after supper..(肯定句) 可以； may might →You may not take a walk after supper.(否定句) 可能 →May I take a walk after supper?(一般疑问句) We must arrive home before 10:O0.(肯定句) 必须； must →We needn't/don't have to arrive home before 10:00.(否定句) 一定 →Must you arrive home before10:00?(一般疑问句) Tom had to go home on foot last night.(肯定句) have/has to had to 不得不 →Tom didn't have to go home on foot last night..(否定句) →Did Tom have to go home on foot last night?(一般疑问句) XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂231 (续表) 情态动词 过去式 词义 句型变化 We should/ought to keep the air fresh.(肯定句) should, →Ve shouldn't/ought not to keep the air fresh..(否定句) 应该 ought to -Should we keep the air fresh?/Ought we to keep the air fresh?(一般疑问句) need作情态动词使用时，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 need 需要 →You needn't close all the windows.(否定句) →Need I close all the windows?(一般疑问句) You had better stay at home.（肯定句) had better 最好 →You had better not stay at home..(否定句) Had I better stay at home?(一般疑问句) 屋意情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答。 (1)一May I smoke here?一我可以在这里抽烟吗？ 一Yes,you may/can.一是的，你可以。/一No,you mustn't/can't.一不，你不可以。 (2)一Can you come to see me tomorrow?一你明天能来看我吗？ 一Yes,Ican.一是的，我可以。/-No,Ican't.一不，我不能。 (3)-Must he go now?一他一定要现在走吗？ 一Yes,he must.一是的，他必须走。 /-No,he needn't/doesn't have to.—不，他不需要。 (4)一Need I finish my homework today?一我需要今天完成作业吗？ 一Yes,you must..一是的，你必须。 /-No,you needn't/don't have to. 不，你不需要。 2.情态动词的常见用法。 情态动词 用法 例子 I can speak English well. can/could表示“能；会” 表示能力 我能说一口流利的英语。 -May I close the window? 我能关窗吗？ can,may表示“可以”， -Yes,you can.一是的，你可以。 在疑问句中表示有礼貌 表示请求和允许 -Can I come in? 我能进来吗？ 地提出请求 No,you can't. 不，你不能。 can't表示“不能” We can't speak loudly in public mustn't表示“禁止”，态 表示不允许 我们不能在公共场合大声说话。 度比can't强硬 You mustn't break the rules.你不能违反规则： 232 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY (续表) 情态动词 用法 例子 That can't be Mr Wang.He has gone to Beijing. can't表示“不可能” 那不可能是王先生。他已经去北京了。 might表示“可能”，可能 He might come tomorrow. 他可能明天会来。 性比may更小；或表示 表示猜测，可能 He might go abroad yesterday. 对过去事情的猜测 性由小到大依次 他可能昨天就出国了。 如下： may表示“可能”，可能 Be quick,or you may miss the early bus. 性较小 can't(不可能) 快点，否则你可能会错过早班车。 →night-→may can表示潜在的可能性， can→must That man is our new teacher.Can it be true? 常用于疑问句和否定句中 (一定是) 那个男人是我们的新老师，是真的吗？ must表示“肯定；一定是”， The book must be Jack's.There is his name 常用于肯定句中，表示肯定 on it. 性的猜测，可能性最大 这本书肯定是杰克的。书上有他的名字。 3. 情态动词的其他用法。 情态动词 用法 例子 与can,could一样都可表示能 She is able to/can sing English songs well. 力(can为现在时，could为过 她能把英语歌唱得很好。 be able to 去时)，但be able to可用于各 He will be able to finish the work in an 种时态，有人称和数的变化 hour.他能在一小时内完成工作。 She had to look after her little sister when her mother was out. 客观条件用have/has to(可用 have/has to, 当她的妈妈外出时，她不得不照看她的 于多种时态)； must 妹妹。 主观因素用must As a student,you must study hard. 作为一名学生，你必须努力学习。 Will you go there with me? 你愿意和我一起去那儿吗？ Would you please hand me the book? will,would,shall 表示请求或劝说 请你把那本书递给我好吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始好吗？ XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂233 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 l.-Benny replied,“ (Can/Could)you get me a packet of electricity?" -“Yes,Ican,”said Daisy.(7BU6) )2.-Students listen to music while they are riding bikes on the road. -I agree with you.It's too dangerous. A.needn't B.may not C.mustn't D.won't )3.-How beautiful the paper cutting is!Who made it? -It be Linda.She's the only one that can make it in our class. A.must B.could C.can D.would 二、微语境练。请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 should can need Today is Sunday.Linda 1. to finish her homework tonight.She 2. try her best,or she won't finish the homework on time.Her parents think there is too much homework and she 3. finish it.But Linda believes she can do it. 考向3》 动词词组 分析广州卷近11年中考真题可知，动词词组常在完形填空和完成句子中考查，主要有以下 两种形式。 1.同一动词型。 look after come from look like come out出版；出来 look come look through浏览 come back look forward to come up with give in投降；屈服 take off give out take place发生 give take give away take part in give back take care of get on put on get off put.into把…放进 Iget put get ready for..为…做好准备 put out扑灭 get used to put away 234阅盟学堂 XTPZK GZYY 2.同一介/副词型。 get up look for give up (2024) search for搜寻；查找 put up举起；张贴 wait for up for pick up care for grow up prepare for look up查阅 ask for请求 deal with cut off切除 get on(well)with.…与…相处（融洽） fall off从…跌落 with off keep/stay in touch with.与…保持联系 turn off provide...with... set off 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Every four years,athletes from all over the world (take care of/take part in)different sports at the Olympics.(9BU5) )2.When students study at school,it is important for them to others. A.learn from B.come from C.suffer from D.hear from 二、根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子，每空限填一词。 1.友善的孩子们容易和他们遇到的每个人交朋友。 Children who are friendly can easily everyone they meet. 2. 做家务对孩子们有好处。它可以培养他们的独立性，帮助他们不依赖父母。 It is good for children to do housework.It can develop their independence and help them not to their parents. 3. 意识到这些，家长、学校和社区可以做很多事情来帮助孩子们建立积极的性格。 Realizing these,parents,schools and communities can do a lot to help children positive personalities. 直击中考 一、实义动词在完形填空中的运用。 分析广州近7年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，实义动词词义的辨析共考查22次（每年必 考3~4题)，其中4次是根据词汇复现法来确定答案，18次是根据语境推断法来确定答案。 语篇训练词汇复现法 Have you ever eaten a dandelion(蒲公英)？I haven't.My home town is in Greece,where dandelions are always on the menu.But I didn't eat dandelions.And I live in America with my family now.Nobody in America eats dandelions. XTPZK GZYY I 阅盟学堂235 "Time to pick dandelions,Athena,"Mum opened the car door and I entered with a book.Why did I have to 1 them with my family every spring? We drove into a wild field.Dad started to cut dandelions and put them in his bag.But I just hid them in the book."Why do we 2 dandelions?"I asked."Because they are the best food in the world,Dad answered.After we had enough dandelions,we 3 back home.On the way home, Mum and Dad talked about hosting a dinner party for neighbours to try our traditional Greek food. )1.A.pick B.plant C.watch D.water ( )2.A.call B.sell C.eat D.touch )3.A.ran B.drove C.jumped D.walked 语篇训练儿语境推断法 On the first evening,the three of us were tired after walking for about eight hours. We soon fell asleep. In the middle of the night,I 4 a strange noise outside.But when I looked out of the tent, there was nothing there. In the morning,I got up to make breakfast.The bag of food was open. “Bears,”said Joe.“We should_5_the food in a tree tonight.” Later that day,we 6 in a beautiful field by a stream().We put up the tent and fell asleep. During the night,the bears 7 again.This time they took the food from the tree."It wasn't high enough.Bears can climb trees.They can smell food from a long way away,"said Ben. “We must keep the camp clean,”I said.“Bears might8_our rubbish is food.”" "OK,let's tidy up the camp.And we should make lots of noise too.If they know where we are,they may not come,"said Joe. ()4.A.heard B.made C.forgot D.remembered )5.A.heat B.buy C.collect D.hang )6.A.learnt B.stopped C.cried D.woke ( )7.A.warned B.ran C.came D.disappeared )8.A.notice B.think C.sense D.recall 二、实义动词在语篇填词中的运用。 分析广州近4年中考真题可知，在语篇填词中，实义动词共考查5次，都是根据语境推断 法来确定答案。 语篇训练儿语境推断法 I had my most terrible time in the eighth grade.I got a serious disease and it had a bad influence on my memory.So I couldn't remember things c 1,and I always forgot them.I was in poor health.I had to stay at home for a 1 2 time. At that time,I was going to have an important exam,but I had to g 3 up.I thought there was no hope in my life.But after a period of time,I started to realize that I couldn't let the disease 236阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY destroy my life.Then I decided to c 4 my attitude (towards life.When I got better,I asked my t 5 if I could come back to school,and he welcomed me. My life has become normal slowly.I believe everything can get back to the right place because of my positive attitude. 1. 2. 3 5. 备考演练 完形填空。 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自我（职业精神）难度： 词数：约230 用时：7分钟 It was a cold and rainy day.I finished my work late and dragged()myself home.I 1 myself deep into the sofa.I was too 2 to cook anything for myself,so I ordered a pot of chicken soup online. Half an hour later,the delivery worker 3.I went out to pick up the food.I thought he would leave the food at the gate of my community and leave in a hurry,so I walked 4. As I went to the gate,I saw him 5 in the pouring rain without an umbrella.The rain kept falling down on his face,his feet,and his yellow uniform.He was in his twenties.He looked tired. "Chicken soup?"he asked.I nodded and he handed the 6 to me with watery fingers."Why didn't you leave earlier to find some shelter(躲避处)from the rain?”I asked.“I work to bring food safely to our 7.For us,one of the most important things is to 8 their needs,"he said with a smile on his face.Then he turned around and disappeared in the rain. The cold rain kept falling,but there was warmth rising in my heart.Around us there are many 9 people like him who do their jobs every day.They never forget to bring us convenience and 10·They make our lives better.(2024年广东珠海九州中学中考一模改编) ( )1.A.sat B.threw C.put D.kept )2.A.lazy B.afraid C.tired D.surprised )3.A.entered B.disappeared C.arrived D.returned )4.A.angrily B.quickly C.gently D.slowly ( )5.A.waiting B.walking C.running D.leaving ( )6.A.chicken B.uniform C.umbrella D.food ( )7.A.passengers B.customers C.bosses D.workmates )8.A.see B.satisfy C.discuss D.forget )9.A.unusual B.common C.humorous D.special )10.A.kindness B.shyness C.carelessness D.business 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 XTPZK GZYY 阅盟学堂237考向3 对点专练 一、1.many2-3CA 二、l.students2.money3.pairs4.girl5.joy 考向4 对点专练 一、1.person's2-3AA 二、l.friends2.Lu Xun's3.history 直击中考 一、1-3ACB4-6BCD 二、l.jobs2.kids3.plane4.problems 5.courses/classes 6.friends 7.work 备考演练 1-5 ACBCD 6-10 BAACD 专题二动词 第1讲动词和动词词组 教材语境 1.tells makes 2.give up 中考链接 1-2CD 考向1 对点专练 -、1.described2-3BB 二、l.finds2.keep3.gives4.thinks5.is 基础知识必备 puts teaches goes flies tries catching doing making running lying passed decided worried hurried planned 对点专练 is being was/were been does doing did done regrets regretting regretted regretted passes passing passed passed carries carrying carried carried solves solving solvedsolved dies dying died died searches searching searched searched 考向2 对点专练 -、1.Can2-3CA 二、l.needs2.should3.can't 考向3 1.照顾看起来像期盼来自回来想出分发 捐赠归还脱下；起飞参加照顾上车下车 习惯于穿上；上演收起 2.起床放弃检起长大寻找等待照料；照顾 准备处理为…提供…关闭出发 对点专练 一、l.take part in2.A 二、1.make friends with2.depend on3.build up 直击中考 、1-3ACB4-8 ADBCB 二、1.clearly2.long3.give4.change 5.teacher 备考演练 1-5 BCCDA 6-10 DBBBA 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY 第2讲谓语动词的时态 教材语境 1.is 2.destroying 中考链接 1.C 2.Have heard 考向1 2.(1)are isn't (2)go always usually every month 考向2 2.(1)wasn't were (2)visit yesterday last year 考向3 2.(1)won't not tomorrow next year in the future (2)am isn't 考向4 2.watching are now these days 考向5 2.watching at that time 考向6 2.have taken already so far 对点专练 一、l.are2.gets has3.were4.went 5.will be 6.will continue 7.is interviewing 8.was having;was ordering 9.learnt 10.haven't laughed 二、l.is2.doesn't like;asks3.wasn't 4.enjoyed 5.won't go 6.Are play 7.aren't drawing 8.weren't playing 9.hasn't finished 10.have been 三、a.l.ate2.became3.was4.eat5.do b.1.is watching 2.was eating 3.misses c.1.have learnt/learned 2.was 3.believe 直击中考 1-2CB3-4CA 备考演练 1-5 DBCAB 6-10 ADBCA 11-15 ACBDB 第3讲谓语动词的被动语态 教材语境 1.was shown 2.happens 中考链接 1.D 2.will be held 考点2 1.(4)were 对点专练 一、l.are taken2.are cleaned3.was seen 二、l.was invented2.was improved3.shows 直击中考 、1-5 BCDDA 二、l.have been planted2.should not be forgotten 3.is called 4.will be divided into 5.was solved 备考演练 1-5 CADBB 6-10 DCABA 11-15 CBDAC 参考答案详解详析 第4讲动词的非谓语形式 教材语境 1.plan 2.walking moving 中考链接 1-2DB 考向1 对点专练 一、1.todo2.to buy3.work 二、l.to help2.to become3.make 考向2 对点专练 一、I.capturing2.singing3.understanding 二、l.playing2.getting3.to practise 4.communicating 直击中考 -、1-5 ABDCA6-10 BCABD 二、l.afford to take/have2.agreed to change 3.found difficult/hard to finish/complete 4.practises playing 5.makes me feel 备考演练 1-5 AAACB 6-10 DDBCA 11-15 CDBDD 专题三形容词和副词 教材语境 1.active 2.Finally 3.most 中考链接 1-2BD 考向1 考点2 excited exciting 考点3 3.(4)such that so that 对点专练 -1.interesting 2-3 BC 二、l.bored2.old3.thankful4.proud 5.wonderful 考向2 对点专练 一、1.brightly2-3BA 1.excitedly 2.surprisedly 3.Unluckily 4.fast 5.suddenly 考向3 考点1 1.(3)hotter hottest (4)heavier heaviest (5)most famous least interesting 对点专练 1.faster fastest 2.madder maddest 3.lazier laziest 4.younger youngest 5.earlier earliest 6.better best 7.worse worst 8.more useful most useful 9.fatter fattest 10.less least 11.more famous most famous 12.more most 13.busier busiest 14.cleverer/more clever cleverest/most clever 15.older/elder oldest/eldest 16.fewer fewest 17.farther/further farthest/furthest 18.larger largest 阅盟学堂XTPZK GZYY 19.more beautiful most beautiful 20.more difficult most difficult 21.colder coldest 考点2 3.better and better 4.the more,the better 5.the oldest in the world 6.the second longest river 7.one of the tallest boys 对点专练 -1.long 2.more difficult 3.cold colder 4.largest 5.more more 二、l.harder2.easier3.best 4.excellent 5.confidently 直击中考 一、1-2BC3-4DA5-6BD 二、1-2BC3-7 DAACB8-12 DDBAB 三、l.interested2.alone3.bored4.back5.old 备考演练 1-5 CACDB 6-10 BDCDA 11-15 DCABB 专题四代词 教材语境 1.they 2.myself 3.This 中考链接 1-3 CBA 考向1 考点1 She her 考点2 your my Ours 对点专练 -、1.their2-3BC 二、l.She2.We3.My4.ourselves 考向2 对点专练 -、1.these2-3AA 二、l.It2.these3.One4.This 考向3 对点专练 一、1.Whose2.Who3-4Ac 二、l.Which2.what3.how4.who 考向4 a few few a little little 对点专练 一、1.Afew2-3AA 二、l.Many2.few3.all4.anyone 直击中考 1-5 BBDDA 备考演练 1-5 CDBAA 6-10 BDBAC 11-15 BDADC 专题五数词 教材语境 thousands 中考链接 28 参考答案详解详析