Unit 4 课时3 Section A（Grammar Focus）语法课课件-八年级英语上册【趣味课堂】精品备课（人教版2024）

该初中英语课件聚焦形容词和副词最高级，系统涵盖构成规则、常用句型及应用，通过非洲象、蓝鲸、玫瑰等自然事物提问导入，引导学生观察比较，搭建从具体实例到语法规则的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，以银杏、牡丹等中国文化符号及蝴蝶翅膀、树蛙跳跃等自然现象为载体，让学生运用最高级描述事物，培养跨文化表达能力。思维品质方面，结合中考题和即时练习，引导学生分析推断（如不同动物跳跃高度比较），提升语言准确性。采用实例教学法，学生能在真实语境中掌握语法，教师可通过分层作业满足不同需求，提高教学效率。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Superlatives with -(i)est and most Grammar Focus Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Master key words/phrases: land, African, rose, peony, lotus, butterfly, wing, frog, weigh, ginkgo, province, up to, take a walk... 2. Identify and form the superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs correctly.. 3. Use superlatives to describe animals, plants, and real-life objects accurately in speaking and writing. 4. Appreciate the wonders of nature and Chinese cultural symbols by describing them with superlatives. 2 CONTENTS 目 录/ 1 Lead in 2 Grammar I 3 Grammar II 4 Grammar III 5 Practice 6 Exercise&Homework Lean-in The African elephant is the biggest animal on land. But which animal is the heaviest in the world? The ______ _______ is the heaviest animal in the world. It can weigh up to 180,000 kg. blue whale /'æfrɪkən/ adj. 非洲的 n. 非洲人 weigh /weɪ/ v.称重量 up to 接近；达到 kg = kilogram /'kɪləɡræm/ 千克;公斤 weigh up to 重达 4 Look at these three flowers: the rose, the peony, and the lotus. Which one do you think is the most beautiful? I think the __________ is the most beautiful. / In my opinion, the __________ is the most beautiful flower. /rəʊz/ n. 玫瑰;蔷薇 /'piːəni/ n. 牡丹；芍药 /'ləʊtəs/ n.莲花 5 Which insect has the most colorful wings? And which animal jumps the highest? I think that __________ has the most colorful ________. The tree ________ jumps the highest among them. butterfly wings frog butterfly /'bʌtəflaɪ/ n.蝴蝶 /wɪŋ/ n.翅膀;翼 /frɒɡ/ n. 青蛙 6 Many people believe that the ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient trees. In which province can you find the most famous and beautiful ginkgo tree? In __________ Province. Shaanxi /bɪ'liːv/ v. 相信 /'prɒvɪns/ n.省份 /'ɡɪŋkəʊ/ n.银杏 7 3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. Which parts of speech(词性)have superlative forms? adj. adj. adj. adv. adj. adj. 最高级形式主要适用于形容词和副词， 用以在三者及以上的人或事物中进行比较。 8 3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. Do you know the rules? 单音节词 + -st 双音节词(变y为i) + -est 单音节词(双写g) + -est 单音节词 + -est most + 双音节词 most + 多音节词 音节；是否是规则变化 9 Language points 1. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. 地球上最大的陆生动物是非洲象。 1） land n. 陆地；土地 / v. 降落；着陆 （1）【不可数名词】陆地；土地 与 sea (海洋) 相对。 on land 在陆地上 by land 经陆路 e.g. The giraffe is the highest animal ______ ________. 长颈鹿是陆地上最高的动物。 Did you go there by land or by sea？ 你是经陆路还是海路去那里的？ （2）【不及物动词】降落；着陆 反义短语：take off “起飞”。 e.g. The plane will ________ at 7 a.m. 飞机将于早上七点着陆。 3a on land land 10 Language points 3a 1. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. 地球上最大的陆生动物是非洲象。 2） African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的 / n. 非洲人 （1）【形容词】非洲的；非洲人的 e.g. Tom likes African food very much. 汤姆非常喜欢非洲食品。 （2）【名词】非洲人 其复数形式是Africans。 e.g. Those ___________ will come to China next year. 那些非洲人明年将会来中国。 拓展：Africa【名词】非洲 e.g. There are many countries in _________. 非洲有很多国家。 Africans Africa 11 语法知识导图 形容词和副词的最高级 最高级的构成 — 规则变化、不规则变化 最高级的常用句型 — the + 形容词最高级 + in/of/among...； one of the +形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 + in/of...； the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 +可数名词复数 + in/of...。 比较级表达最高级的含义 — 比较级 + than + any other + 可数名词单数 12 Grammar I 考向1 形容词、副词最高级的构成 ① 规则变化 构成方法 原级 最高级        单音节词和部分 双音节词 一般在词尾加-est high highest tall tallest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-st fine finest nice nicest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-est big biggest thin thinnest fat fattest hot hottest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-est easy easiest funny funniest early earliest 13 Grammar I 考向1 形容词、副词最高级的构成 ① 规则变化 构成方法 原级 最高级    多音节词和 部分双音节词 在词前加most comfortable carefully most comfortable most carefully 特别提醒: 由“动词＋-ed”或“动词＋-ing”构成的形容词变最高级时，通常 在该形容词前加most。 e.g. interesting → most interesting relaxed → most relaxed exciting →most exciting boring → most boring 14 ② 不规则变化 Grammar I 考向1 形容词、副词最高级的构成 原级 最高级 原级 最高级 good/well best little least bad/badly/ill worst far farthest/furthest many/much most old oldest/eldest 即时练习：(眉山中考改编) As far as we know, the Sahara Desert(撒哈拉沙漠) is the b__________ desert in the world. iggest 15 Write the superlative form of the following words. 1. big ____________ 2. small ____________ 3. heavy ____________ 4. fine ____________ 5. cheap ____________ 6. close ____________ 7. fresh _____________ biggest smallest heaviest finest cheapest closest freshest 16 Write the superlative form of the following words. 8. comfortable _________________ 9. creative ______________ 10. fat ______________ 11. carefully ______________ 12. bad ____________ 13. good/well ___________ 14. many/much __________ most comfortable most creative fattest most carefully worst best most 17 1. (苏州中考改编) Asking questions is one of the ___________ (easy) ways to lead you to active learning. 2. (宁波中考改编) For most of the students, June is always the ___________ (busy) month in a year. 3. (武威中考) Who can run ___________ (fast) in your class? 4. (重庆中考A卷改编) The Yangtze River is one of the ___________ (long) rivers in the world. 5. (2024包头中考) When Helen won a prize in the English competition, she believed she was the ___________ (happy) girl in the world. 6. (宁波中考改编) I’m proud of being Chinese because China is one of the ___________ (great) countries in the world. 7. Who is the ___________ (thin), Amy, Alice or Ann? 挑战一：用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 easiest busiest fastest longest happiest greatest thinnest 18 3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. 最高级有范围吗？ 是的，最高级通常有范围。这个范围是区分比较级和最高级的关键。 19 形容词和副词的最高级的范围 e.g. This is the biggest city in China. He was the youngest player in the team. e.g. She is the most talented of all the students. This apple is the sweetest of the four. 表示 “在……范围内”，后接大范围(如地点、 组织、时间阶段等)。 表示 “在……中”，后接具体的人或事物(复数名词/集合名词)，强调从同类中选出 “最……”的个体。 in + 范围 of + 具体成员/同类事物 20 形容词和副词的最高级的范围 e.g. He is the richest man among the bussinessmen. Which is the smallest among these birds? e.g. She scored the highest marks out of all students. This song is my favorite out of his new album(专辑). 强调 “在…… 群体中”，后接复数名词或代词， 可与 of 互换，但 among 更侧重“在多者之间” 的分布感。 表示 “从……中”，后接明确的复数名词或代词，常用于强调 “从某一特定范围中选出”。 among + 同类群体 out of + 明确范围 21 Grammar II 考向2 最高级的常用句型 ① “主语 + be + the + 形容词最高级 + in/of/among 短语” 意为“······是······中最······的”。 e.g. My mother is the busiest one in my family. 妈妈是我家里最忙的人。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国的第一长河。 Tip: 最高级前一般要加the, 但当最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，则不加the。 即时练习：（2024河北中考） Jianshe Road is the _______ road in our city, especially around 8:00 am. A.busier B.busiest C.wider D.widest B 22 Grammar II 考向2 最高级的常用句型 ②“主语 + 实义动词 (+ the) + 副词最高级 + in/of/among 短语” 意为“······在······中最······”。 e.g. Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3．在三班，汤姆学习最努力。 The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 在所有陆生动物中，猎豹跑得最快。 即时练习：（2024自贡中考） —Who got the first prize in this competition? —Of course Tom did. He worked _______ among us. A. hard B. harder C. hardest Tip: 副词最高级前的定冠词 “the”通常在非正式语境 中常被省略。 C 23 Grammar II 考向2 最高级的常用句型 ③ “主语 + be + one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数+ in/of/among 短语” 意为“······是······中最······的······之一”。 e.g. Zhaozhou Bridge is one of the oldest stone bridges in the world. 赵州桥是世界上最古老的石桥之一。（北京中考） 即时练习：竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 Bamboo is one of _____ ______ ________ __________ in Chinese paintings. the most popular subjects 24 Grammar II 考向2 最高级的常用句型 ④ “疑问词(组) + be + the + 形容词最高级，甲，乙 or 丙？” 用于三者之间的比较。 e.g. Who is the tallest, Emma, Kate or Lisa？ 谁最高，埃玛、凯特还是莉萨？ ⑤ “疑问词(组) + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形(+the)+副词最高级， 甲，乙 or 丙？” 用于三者之间的比较。 e.g. Which city do you like best, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou？ 你最喜欢哪个城市，北京、上海还是广州？ 25 Grammar II 考向2 最高级的常用句型 ⑥ “主语 + be + the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词单数 + in/of 短语” 意为“······在······中是第几·····的······”。 e.g. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 即时练习： Nanjing isn’t so big ________ Shanghai, but it’s the second ________ in East China. A. like; big B. as; bigger C. like; biggest D. as; biggest D 26 挑战二：单项选择。 1. (2024长春中考) The Qinghai Lake is ______ lake in China. It is in Qinghai Province. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the larged 2. (成都中考) The Book of Songs《诗经》 is the ______ collection poems in China and beginning of China’s pee tradition. A. early B. earlier C . earliest 3. (江西中考) —As I know, your friend Jeff is very humorous(幽默的)． —Yes. He is ______ person I know. A. funnier B. the funniest C. more serious D. the most serious D C B 27 3b Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets. Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are __________ (cute) animals in the world. Which do you think is _________________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower? Look at that butterfly! It has __________________ (colourful) wings. Which animal jumps ___________ (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog? The elephant birds were _________ (large) and ________ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg. the cutest the most beautiful heaviest the most colourful (the) highest the largest stand up to 高达 weigh up to 重达 28 Language points 3b 2. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg． 有些可高达三米，重达860千克。 1) weigh v. 有······重；称重量 （1）【系动词】有······重，重量是······ 对重量提问常用 “How much do/does...weigh？”“What do/does...weigh？” 或“How heavy is/are...？”。 e.g. How much/What do you weigh? = How heavy are you？你的体重是多少？ When Ya Ya was born in the Beijing Zoo, she weighed about 0.14 kilos． 丫丫在北京动物园出生时大约140克重。（兰州中考） （2）【及物动词】称······的重量 weigh oneself 称体重 e.g. She weighed the stone in her hand. 她用手掂了掂那块石头的重量。 29 Language points 3b 2. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg． 有些可高达三米，重达860千克。 拓展：（1）weigh【动词】认真考虑；权衡 e.g. Laura spoke very slowly to people to weigh what she would say. 劳拉对人们说话非常慢，以便权衡她要说什么。（武汉中考） （2）weight【名词】重量；分量 put on / gain weight 增加体重 lose weight 减重 练习：(2024福建中考改编) —How heavy is the biggestlue whale? —As I know, it __________ (weigh) about 181,000 kilos. weighs 30 Language points 3b 2. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg． 有些可高达三米，重达860千克。 2) up to 接近；直到 （1）接近 常用来表示接近某数量或程度等。 e.g. The temperature went up to 35℃．气温上升到了35摄氏度。 （1）直到 up to now 到目前为止 e.g. Read up to page 100．读到第100页。 Up to now he’s still quiet. 他直到现在仍保持沉默。 拓展：be up to sb. 是······的职责；由······决定 e.g. —Mom,which club should I choose, the art club or the science club？ 妈妈，我应该选择哪个俱乐部，艺术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部？ —It’s ______ _____ ______. Just follow your heart. 由你决定。跟着自己的心走。（2024东营中考） up to you 31 Practice 1. The panda is one of ______________ (friendly) animals in China. 2. The Yangtze River is ______________ (long) river in Asia. 3. I think math is _________________ (difficult) subject of all. 4. My mom gets up ______________ (early) in my family. 5. This is ___________________ (interesting) book I have ever read. the friendliest the longest the most difficult (the) earliest the most interesting 32 Grammar III 考向3 比较级表示最高级含义的用法 ① 比其他任何......都...... : 比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数 比较级 + than the other + 可数名词复数 e.g. This apple is redder than any other apple on the plate. = This appleis redder than the ______ ______ on the plate. = This apple is the reddest of all the apples on the plate. 这个苹果是盘子里所有苹果中最红的。 other apples 33 Grammar III 考向3 比较级表示最高级含义的用法 ② “否定词＋比较级”也可表达最高级含义。 e.g. I’ve never read a more interesting novel. 我从来没读过比这更有趣。(这是我读过的最有趣的小说。) I have never seen a more beautiful flower. 我从来没见过比这更漂亮的花。(这是我见过的最漂亮的花。) 即时练习：This is the most exciting movie I have ever watched. (用比较级形式改写句子) I have never watched a ______ ________ movie. more exciting 34 挑战三：完成句子。 1. (2024福建中考)朋友问你“What color do you like best？”时， 你可以这样回答：_______________________________. 2. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 Mount Qomolangma is ________ _________ mountain in the world. 3. Tom is the tallest student in his class.（保持句意不变） Tom is ________ ________ any other _________ in his class. 4. 你最喜欢哪个城市，北京、上海还是广州？ Which city do you like ________, Beijing, Shanghai ______ Guangzhou? I like blue best the highest taller than student best or 35 挑战三：完成句子。 5. 评书是中国最传统的艺术形式之一。 Pingshu is _______ _______ _______ ________ __________ art forms in China. 6. “深度求索”是当前最流行的话题之一。 DeepSeek is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ topies these days. 7. 加拿大是世界上面积第二大的国家。 Canada is ________ ________ ________ country in the world in area. one of the most traditional one of the most popular the second largest 36 3c Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box. ancient beautiful common good popular The ginkgo tree is one of ________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ________________. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is _________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of _______________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of _______________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. the most ancient the most beautiful the most common the most popular thousands of 成千上万的 People believe... 相当于It is believe that... “人们相信.....” the best in mid-October 在十月中旬 it’s the best time to do sth. 此时正是做某事的最佳时间 37 3c Read again and complete the tasks. 1. According to the passage, how long have ginkgo trees existed on Earth? ( ) A. Thousands of years B. Over 200 million years C. Since the last ice age D. The passage doesn't say 2. Why do thousands of tourists visit the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in mid-October? ( ) A. Because it's a national holiday B. Because it's the best time to see the tree C. Because there's a special festival D. Because the weather is coolest then B B 38 3c Read again and complete the tasks. 3. What does the ginkgo tree symbolize in China?   4. Where is the famous old ginkgo tree?   5. What is a popular activity in autumn?   6. What do people believe the yellow leaves can bring? Hope and long life. In the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province. To take a walk under ginkgo trees. Joy to their heart. 39 Exercises I. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It's true that home is the __________ place wherever we go. 2. The __________ elephant is usually larger than the Asian elephant. 3. The butterfly's __________ are so colourful that it attracts many children. 4. The new suitcase __________ a lot even when it is empty. 5. After a long time flight, the plane finally __________ safely yesterday. warmest wing weigh Africa warm land African wings weighs landed 40 Exercises 1. 他是世界上最好的歌手之一。 He is ______ _____ _____ ______ ________ all over the world. 2. 这本书比其他任何书贵，但是它是其中最好的。 This book is ______ ___________ ______ any other one, but it is ______ ______ of all. 3. 每周末，他喜欢在越秀公园散步。 Every weekend, he likes ______ ______ _____ ______ in Yuexiu Park. 4. 北极熊的体重可达800千克。 Polar bears can ______ ______ ______ 800 kilograms. one of the best singers II、根据汉语意思完成下列句子(每空一词)。 more expensive than the best to take a walk / to have a walk/going for a walk weigh up to 41 Exercises III. 按要求完成下列句子(每空一词) 1. The red jacket is more expensive than the other two. (改为同义句) The red jacket is ______ ______ _________ of the three. 2. The monkey jumps higher than the lion. The tree frog jumps higher than the monkey.(用最高级改写句子) The tree frog jumps ______ _______ of the three. 3. Tigers don't run as fast as cheetahs. (改为同义句) Cheetahs run ______ ______ tigers. 4. I think maths is more difficult than any other subject. (改为同义句) I think maths is ______ ______ _________ subject of all. the most expensive the highest faster than the most difficult 42 Summary We learn: 1. Vocabulary: land, African, rose, peony, lotus, butterfly, wing, frog, up to, weigh, kg, ginkgo, believe, province, take a walk. 2. Sentence Patterns: Superlative forms of adjectives (e.g., the largest, the most beautiful). We can: 1. use superlative adjectives to describe people, animals, plants, and places; 2. understand and answer questions about descriptive passages using superlatives. 43 Homework 1. 基础层：抄写本课生词和Grammar Focus中的例句。 2. 提高层：用最高级形容词描述你最喜欢的动物或植物，写一篇 短文（至少80字）。 3. 拓展层：写一段短文，向外国朋友介绍一个你认为是中国“最” 值得一看的地方或“最”有意思的事物，并说明原因， 至少使用3个最高级。 44 Thank you! 45 $