内容正文:
Unit 1~ Unit 7单元知识清单汇总
说明:从词汇巩固、单词变形、短语归纳、重点句型等维度归纳梳理,方便系统复习。
Unit 1 How can we become good friends ?
Section A 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
textbook
/ˈtekstbʊk/
课本
use a textbook(使用课本);read the textbook(读课本)
名词
conversation
/ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/
交谈
have a conversation(交谈);English conversation(英语对话)
名词
pronunciation
/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/
发音
correct pronunciation(纠正发音);improve pronunciation(提升发音)
名词
expression
/ɪkˈspreʃn/
表达;表情
facial expression(面部表情);language expression(语言表达)
动词
discover
/dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
发现
discover a secret(发现秘密);discover new methods(发现新方法)
动词
repeat
/rɪˈpiːt/
重复
repeat sentences(重复句子);repeat after the teacher(跟老师重复)
形容词
patient
/ˈpeɪʃnt/
有耐心的;病人
be patient with sb.(对某人有耐心);a patient(一位病人)
副词
aloud
/əˈlaʊd/
大声地;出声地
read aloud(大声朗读);speak aloud(大声说话)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
pronounce (v.)
pronunciation (n.)
发音
Can you pronounce this word?
What’s the pronunciation of this word?
patient (adj.)
patience (n.)
耐心
She is patient with kids.
It takes patience to learn English.
express (v.)
expression (n.)
表达;表情
He can’t express his feelings.
Her expression shows she is happy.
discover (v.)
discovery (n.)
发现
They discovered a new island.
The discovery changed our lives.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
make word cards
制作单词卡片
高频词汇记忆方法,无特殊搭配
I make word cards to remember new words.
ask the teacher for help
向老师求助
后接具体帮助内容(如 help with grammar)
She often asks the teacher for help with math.
have conversations with sb.
与某人交谈
侧重口语交流,sb. 为人称代词宾格
I practice English by having conversations with my partner.
look up
查阅
后接名词 / 代词,代词放中间
Look up “delicious” in the dictionary. / Look it up.
read aloud
大声朗读
提升发音的核心短语,后接文本
Reading aloud helps improve pronunciation.
read word by word
逐字阅读
描述低效阅读方式,对应 “read in groups”
Don’t read word by word—try to understand the main idea.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
How do you + 动词短语?— I + 动词 + by + 动名词短语.
询问 / 回答学习方法
— How do you learn English?— I learn by studying with a group.
“by + 动名词” 表 “通过某种方式”,不可接动词原形
What/How about + 动名词?
提建议
What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
用于委婉建议,“How about” 与 “What about” 可互换
It’s too + 形容词 + to + 动词原形.
表 “太…… 而不能……”
It’s too hard to understand spoken English.
否定含义隐含在 “too...to” 结构中,无需加 not
I don’t have + 名词 + to + 动词原形.
表达 “没有…… 做某事”
I don’t have a partner to practice English with.
句末的介词 with 不可省略(逻辑:practice with a partner)
It takes time.
安慰语(这得慢慢来)
— I can’t remember new words quickly.— It takes time.
口语中常用,用于安抚学习焦虑
Section B 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
secret
/ˈsiːkrət/
秘诀;秘密
the secret to success(成功的秘诀);keep a secret(保守秘密)
名词
ability
/əˈbɪləti/
能力
reading ability(阅读能力);the ability to learn(学习能力)
名词
attention
/əˈtenʃn/
注意
pay attention to(关注);draw attention(吸引注意)
名词
speed
/spiːd/
速度
reading speed(阅读速度);increase speed(提高速度)
动词
memorize
/ˈmeməraɪz/
记忆
memorize new words(记新单词);memorize sentences(记句子)
动词
connect
/kəˈnekt/
连接
connect A with B(把 A 和 B 连接起来);connect to the Internet(连网)
形容词
born
/bɔːn/
天生的
be born with(天生具有);a born artist(天生的艺术家)
副词
wisely
/ˈwaɪzli/
明智地
learn wisely(明智地学习);spend time wisely(合理安排时间)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
able (adj.)
ability (n.)
能力
He is able to speak three languages.
She has the ability to solve problems.
create (v.)
creative (adj.)
有创造性的
She can create interesting stories.
He is a creative designer.
create (v.)
creation (n.)
创造力;作品
His creation surprised everyone.
The app is his latest creation.
active (adj.)
actively (adv.)
活跃地
She participates actively in class.
He works actively on his project.
active (adj.)
activity (n.)
活动
We have many after-school activities.
Sports are my favorite activities.
wise (adj.)
wisely (adv.)
明智地
It’s wise to plan ahead.
She spends her money wisely.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
the secret to...
…… 的秘诀
后接名词 / 动名词(to 为介词)
The secret to language learning is practice.
be born with
天生具有
后接 “天赋 / 能力” 类名词
Everyone is born with the ability to learn.
connect...with...
把…… 和…… 连接
可用于 “知识关联”“事物联系”
Good learners connect new knowledge with what they know.
pay attention to
注意;关注
to 为介词,后接名词 / 动名词
Pay attention to your spelling when writing.
depend on
取决于;依靠
后接名词 / 从句,表因果关系
Whether you succeed depends on your effort.
take notes
记笔记
可加修饰语(如 take detailed notes)
He takes notes in class to review later.
have...in common
有…… 共同点
后接 “共性特征”(如 habits, methods)
Good learners have many good habits in common.
create an interest in...
激发对…… 的兴趣
后接学科 / 领域名词
Teachers should create an interest in English for students.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
Everyone is born with + 名词.
描述 “天生具有……”
Everyone is born with the ability to learn.
“born” 仅作表语,不可作定语(不能说 “a born ability”)
Whether or not + 从句,depends on + 名词 / 从句.
表 “是否…… 取决于……”
Whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.
“Whether or not” 可简化为 “Whether”,但 “or not” 不可省略在句首
The + 比较级..., the + 比较级...
表 “越……,越……”
The more you read, the faster you'll be.
前半句为条件,后半句为结果,均用陈述语序
主语 + connect + what 从句 + with + 名词.
说明 “把需学内容与…… 连接”
Good learners connect what they need to learn with something interesting.
“what 从句” 作 connect 的宾语,不可省略 what
谚语警句
总结学习道理
1. Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧。)2. Knowledge comes from questioning.(知识源于质疑。)
可用于写作结尾,增强说服力
Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious !
Section A 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
mooncake
/ˈmuːnkeɪk/
月饼
eat mooncakes(吃月饼);sweet mooncakes(甜月饼)
名词
lantern
/ˈlæntən/
灯笼
light lanterns(挂灯笼);red lanterns(红灯笼)
名词
stranger
/ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/
陌生人
talk to a stranger(和陌生人交谈);avoid strangers(避开陌生人)
名词
relative
/ˈrelətɪv/
亲属;亲戚
visit relatives(拜访亲戚);close relatives(近亲)
动词
admire
/ədˈmaɪə(r)/
欣赏;仰慕
admire the moon(赏月);admire sb. for sth.(因某事仰慕某人)
动词
share
/ʃeə(r)/
分享;分担
share sth. with sb.(和某人分享某物);share happiness(分享快乐)
形容词
traditional
/trəˈdɪʃənl/
传统的
traditional festivals(传统节日);traditional food(传统食物)
形容词
popular
/ˈpɒpjələ(r)/
受欢迎的;流行的
be popular with(受…… 欢迎);popular activities(受欢迎的活动)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
celebrate (v.)
celebration (n.)
庆祝;庆典
We celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival.
There is a big celebration for Mid-Autumn Festival.
traditional (adj.)
tradition (n.)
传统
This is a traditional custom.
It’s a tradition to eat mooncakes on that day.
popular (adj.)
popularity (n.)
受欢迎;普及
Mooncakes are popular in China.
The popularity of mooncakes spreads to other countries.
admire (v.)
admiration (n.)
钦佩;赞赏
I admire her courage.
I have great admiration for her courage.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
eat mooncakes
吃月饼
中秋节核心活动短语,无特殊搭配
People usually eat mooncakes during Mid-Autumn Festival.
admire the moon
赏月
常与时间状语(如 at night)搭配
My family and I admire the moon together every year.
share...with...
和…… 分享……
固定结构:share + 某物 + with + 某人
She shares her mooncakes with her friends.
put on
增加(体重);穿上
表 “增重” 时,后接数字 /weight;表 “穿上” 时接衣物
He put on 2 kilos during the festival. / She put on a red dress.
visit relatives
拜访亲戚
节日常见活动,relatives 可替换为 friends
We often visit relatives during holidays.
prepare for
为…… 做准备
后接名词 / 动名词,表节日前的准备
They are preparing for the coming Mid-Autumn Festival.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
I think that + 陈述句.
表达观点(认为……)
I think that mooncakes are delicious.
that 引导宾语从句,口语中可省略
I believe that + 陈述句.
表达相信(相信……)
I believe that Mid-Autumn Festival is interesting.
从句用陈述语序,不可倒装
Do you know if/whether + 一般疑问句?
询问是否……(表不确定)
Do you know if they will come to the party?
if/whether 均可引导 “是否” 类宾语从句,不可省略
What do you do + 时间状语?
询问节日活动
What do you do during Mid-Autumn Festival?
时间状语可替换为 “on New Year’s Day” 等
It’s + 形容词 + to + 动词原形(表节日习俗)
表达 “做某事(习俗)是…… 的”
It’s traditional to admire the moon on Mid-Autumn Festival.
it 为形式主语,真正主语是后面的动词不定式
Section B 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
Halloween
/ˌhæləʊˈiːn/
万圣节
celebrate Halloween(庆祝万圣节);Halloween costumes(万圣节服装)
名词
ghost
/ɡəʊst/
鬼;鬼魂
dress up as a ghost(装扮成鬼);ghost story(鬼故事)
名词
treat
/triːt/
款待;招待;治疗
trick or treat(不给糖就捣蛋);give sb. a treat(款待某人)
名词
present
/ˈpreznt/
礼物
give presents(送礼物);receive presents(收礼物)
动词
dress up
/dres ʌp/
装扮;打扮
dress up as(装扮成……);dress up for the party(为派对打扮)
动词
trick
/trɪk/
捉弄;欺骗
play a trick on sb.(捉弄某人);trick sb. into doing sth.(骗某人做某事)
形容词
dead
/ded/
死的;去世的
the dead(死者);dead leaves(枯叶)
形容词
business
/ˈbɪznəs/
生意;商业
on business(出差);do business(做生意)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
trick (v./n.)
tricky (adj.)
难办的;狡猾的
He played a trick on me.
This is a tricky problem.
treat (v./n.)
treatment (n.)
治疗;对待
The doctor treated his illness.
He needs special treatment for his illness.
dead (adj.)
death (n.)
死亡
His dog has been dead for a year.
The death of his dog made him sad.
business (n.)
busy (adj.)
忙碌的
He is in business.
He is busy with his work.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
dress up as
装扮成……
as 后接角色 / 身份名词(如 a ghost, a witch)
Kids often dress up as superheroes on Halloween.
trick or treat
不给糖就捣蛋
万圣节儿童专用语,用于敲门索要糖果
Children go from door to door and say “trick or treat”.
play a trick on sb.
捉弄某人
sb. 为人称代词宾格,不可用主格
They played a trick on their teacher yesterday.
give out presents
分发礼物
give out 强调 “批量分发”,区别于 give(单独给)
She gives out presents to the children every Christmas.
care about
关心;在意
后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词,表对人 / 事的关注
He cares about his family very much.
end up
最终成为;最终处于
后接形容词 / 介词短语 / 动名词
They ended up staying at home because of the rain.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
I wonder if/whether + 一般疑问句.
表达疑惑(想知道是否……)
I wonder if you like Halloween.
if/whether 不可省略,从句用陈述语序
What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
感叹句(强调名词)
1. What delicious mooncakes they are!2. What a fun festival it is!
名词为可数单数时加 a/an,不可数 / 复数不加
How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
感叹句(强调形容词 / 副词)
1. How delicious the mooncakes are!2. How happily they are celebrating!
后接形容词 / 副词,不可直接接名词
It’s said that + 陈述句.
表达 “据说……”
It’s said that Halloween comes from an old festival.
that 引导主语从句,it 为形式主语
People believe that + 陈述句.
表达 “人们认为……”
People believe that giving presents can show love.
用于陈述普遍观点,从句用陈述语序
Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ?
Section A 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
restroom
/ˈrestruːm/
洗手间;公共厕所
find the restroom(找洗手间);near the restroom(在洗手间附近)
名词
bank
/bæŋk/
银行
go to the bank(去银行);next to the bank(在银行旁边)
名词
bookstore
/ˈbʊkstɔː(r)/
书店
buy books in the bookstore(在书店买书);across from the bookstore(在书店对面)
名词
museum
/mjuˈziːəm/
博物馆
visit the museum(参观博物馆);the science museum(科学博物馆)
动词
direct
/dəˈrekt/
指引;指导
direct sb. to sp.(指引某人去某地);direct the way(指路)
动词
request
/rɪˈkwest/
请求;要求
request help(请求帮助);request sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事)
形容词
polite
/pəˈlaɪt/
有礼貌的
be polite to sb.(对某人有礼貌);polite questions(礼貌的问题)
形容词
convenient
/kənˈviːniənt/
方便的
be convenient for sb.(对某人方便);convenient time(方便的时间)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
polite (adj.)
politely (adv.)
有礼貌地
She is polite to everyone.
She speaks to everyone politely.
polite (adj.)
politeness (n.)
礼貌;客气
Polite is important in communication.
Politeness helps you make friends.
direct (v./adj.)
direction (n.)
方向;指引
He directed me to the bank.
Can you tell me the direction to the bank?
convenient (adj.)
convenience (n.)
方便;便利
This store is convenient for us.
We choose this hotel for its convenience.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
could you please (do sth.)
你能(做某事)吗?
表礼貌请求,后接动词原形,语气比 can you 更委婉
Could you please tell me where the restroom is?
excuse me
打扰一下
用于开启对话(如问路、借东西),体现礼貌
Excuse me, do you know where the bookstore is?
get to
到达
后接地点名词;接副词(如 there/here)时省略 to
How can I get to the museum? / When will you get there?
turn left/right
向左 / 右转
后常接介词 at(+ 地点),如 at the crossing
Turn right at the first crossing, and you’ll see the bank.
go past
经过
相当于 pass,后接地点名词,表 “从旁边经过”
Go past the restaurant, and the bank is on your left.
next to
在…… 旁边
表位置关系,相当于 beside,可互换使用
The restroom is next to the bank.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
Could you please tell me + 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句?
礼貌询问信息(如地点、方式)
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
宾语从句必须用陈述语序(主语 + 谓语),不可说 where are the restrooms
Do you know + 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句?
询问信息(语气比 could you please 稍随意)
Do you know how I can get to the bookstore?
从句用陈述语序,特殊疑问词可替换为 when/what(如 Do you know when the bank opens?)
How can I + 动词短语?
直接问路(较简洁,适用于熟悉场景)
How can I get to the museum?
语气比含宾语从句的句型更直接,非正式场合常用
The + 地点 + is + 方位短语.
指引方向(回答问路)
The bank is across from the bookstore.
方位短语常用 next to/across from/behind/in front of 等
It’s + 距离 + from here.
说明距离(回答问路)
It’s about five minutes’ walk from here.
常用距离表达:five minutes’ walk(步行 5 分钟)、100 meters(100 米)
Section B 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
corner
/ˈkɔːnə(r)/
拐角;角落
at the corner(在拐角处);in the corner of the room(在房间角落)
名词
stair
/steə(r)/
楼梯(单数);台阶
climb the stairs(爬楼梯,常用复数 stairs);the top stair(最上面一级台阶)
名词
elevator
/ˈelɪveɪtə(r)/
电梯(美式)
take the elevator(乘电梯);wait for the elevator(等电梯)
名词
underground
/ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd/
地铁(英式);地下的
take the underground(乘地铁);underground station(地铁站)
动词
suggest
/səˈdʒest/
建议;提议
suggest a place(推荐一个地方);suggest doing sth.(建议做某事)
动词
rush
/rʌʃ/
匆忙;急促
rush to sp.(匆忙去某地);rush to do sth.(匆忙做某事)
形容词
impolite
/ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/
不礼貌的
be impolite to sb.(对某人不礼貌);impolite questions(不礼貌的问题)
形容词
correct
/kəˈrekt/
正确的;恰当的
correct answers(正确答案);correct way(恰当的方式)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
suggest (v.)
suggestion (n.)
建议;提议
He suggests going to the restaurant.
He gave me a suggestion about the restaurant.
impolite (adj.)
politeness (n.)
礼貌(反义关联)
It’s impolite to interrupt others.
We should show politeness to others.
correct (adj./v.)
correctly (adv.)
正确地
Please correct your mistakes. / This answer is correct.
You need to spell the word correctly.
rush (v./n.)
rushed (adj.)
匆忙的;急促的
She rushed to the station.
She had a rushed breakfast and went out.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
more politely
更有礼貌地
polite 的比较级,用于比较请求的礼貌程度
Could you ask for help more politely?
pass by
经过;路过
相当于 go past,后接地点名词,可互换
I pass by the bookstore every morning on my way to school.
turn right at the corner
在拐角处右转
固定方位表达,corner 前用 at,不可用 in
Turn right at the second corner, and you’ll see the elevator.
lead to
通向;导致
表 “通向某地” 时,后接地点名词;表 “导致结果” 时接名词
This road leads to the museum. / Hard work leads to success.
ask for help
请求帮助
通用短语,可加具体对象(ask sb. for help)
When you get lost, you can ask a policeman for help.
in a rush
匆忙地
作状语,修饰动词,相当于 hurriedly
She left home in a rush and forgot her keys.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
Could you tell me how to + 动词原形?
询问 “如何做某事”(比宾语从句更简洁)
Could you tell me how to get to the underground station?
“how to do” 是疑问词 + 不定式结构,可替换为 what to do/where to go 等
I suggest (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形.
提出建议(正式)
I suggest that we (should) go to the restaurant nearby.
从句中 should 可省略,动词用原形(如 go,不可用 goes)
I suggest doing sth.
提出建议(简洁)
I suggest visiting the museum this weekend.
suggest 后接动名词,不可接动词原形(不可说 suggest to visit)
Would you mind + 动名词?
委婉请求(询问是否介意做某事)
Would you mind telling me where the restroom is?
mind 后接动名词,表 “介意做某事”;否定回答用 Not at all.(一点也不介意)
It’s + 形容词 + (of/for sb.) + to do sth.
评价请求或行为的性质
It’s polite of you to ask for help politely.
形容词描述人的品质(如 polite/kind)用 of sb.;描述事物性质(如 difficult/easy)用 for sb.
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
Section A 知识清单
核心词汇
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
动词
used to
/juːst tuː/
过去常常(做某事)
used to do sth.(过去常常做某事)
形容词
afraid
/əˈfreɪd/
害怕的;担心的
be afraid of (doing) sth.(害怕做某事);be afraid to do sth.(不敢做某事)
形容词
alone
/əˈləʊn/
独自的;单独的
stay alone(独处);be alone at home(独自在家)
名词
dark
/dɑːk/
黑暗;暗处
in the dark(在黑暗中);be afraid of the dark(怕黑)
动词
sleep
/sliːp/
睡觉
go to sleep(入睡);sleep with the light on(开着灯睡觉)
形容词
shy
/ʃaɪ/
害羞的;腼腆的
be shy about doing sth.(做某事害羞);a shy girl(一个害羞的女孩)
词性变换
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
alone (adj.)
loneliness (n.)
孤独;寂寞
She often stays alone.
She feels loneliness when she stays alone.
shy (adj.)
shyly (adv.)
害羞地;腼腆地
He is a shy boy.
He spoke shyly in front of the class.
happy (adj.)
happily (adv.)
快乐地;愉快地
She used to be happy every day.
She played happily with her friends yesterday.
quiet (adj.)
quietly (adv.)
安静地
He used to be quiet.
He sat quietly in the library.
重点短语
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
used to do sth.
过去常常做某事
表 “过去习惯性动作,现在已不做”,否定式为 didn’t use to do,疑问式为 Did...use to do
I used to play the piano every weekend.(我过去每周都弹钢琴。)
be afraid of (doing) sth.
害怕(做)某事
of 为介词,后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词;接具体事物表 “害怕某物”,接动名词表 “害怕做某事”
She used to be afraid of spiders. / He used to be afraid of speaking in public.
go to sleep
入睡;睡着
强调 “入睡” 的动作,区别于 sleep(表 “睡觉” 的状态)
He used to go to sleep with the light on.
stay at home
待在家里
日常表达,stay 后接地点副词时省略 at(如 stay home)
I used to stay at home on weekends, but now I like going out.
play sports
做运动
泛指各类体育活动,也可表达为 do sports
He used to hate playing sports, but now he plays basketball every day.
重要句型
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
Did you use to + 动词原形?
询问对方过去是否常常做某事
— Did you use to be afraid of the dark?— Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
疑问句需用助动词 did,used 还原为 use(不可说 Did you used to...)
I used to + 动词原形,but now I + 动词原形 / 情态动词.
表达过去与现在的对比
I used to be shy, but now I am outgoing. / I used to go to bed early, but now I have to stay up late.
“but now” 后接现在的情况,动词用一般现在时或 “have to/must” 等情态动词
She/He used to + 动词原形.
描述他人过去的习惯
She used to play the violin.(她过去常拉小提琴。)
第三人称主语后,used to 不变(不可说 uses to)
Was/Were + 主语 + 形容词?— Yes, 主语 + was/were./ No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
询问过去的性格 / 状态
— Was he quiet in primary school?— Yes, he was. He used to be very quiet.
针对 “过去的性格 / 状态” 提问,用 be 动词的过去式 was/were,呼应 used to 表 “过去” 的语境
Section B 知识清单
类别
具体内容及解析
核心词汇
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
动词
influence
/ˈɪnfluəns/
影响
influence sb. to do sth.(影响某人做某事);have an influence on sb.(对某人有影响)
形容词
absent
/ˈæbsənt/
缺席的;不在的
be absent from(缺席……);be absent from class(缺课)
动词
fail
/feɪl/
不及格;失败
fail an exam(考试不及格);fail to do sth.(未能做某事)
名词
interview
/ˈɪntəvjuː/
采访;面试
have an interview(接受采访 / 参加面试);a TV interview(电视采访)
形容词
proud
/praʊd/
自豪的;骄傲的
be proud of(为…… 自豪);be proud of one’s progress(为某人的进步自豪)
动词
give up
/ɡɪv ʌp/
放弃
give up doing sth.(放弃做某事);give up smoking(戒烟)
词性变换
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
influence (v./n.)
influential (adj.)
有影响的
His teacher influenced him a lot. / He has a big influence on me.
His teacher is an influential person in his life.
absent (adj.)
absence (n.)
缺席;不在
She was absent from school yesterday.
Her absence from school made her parents worried.
fail (v.)
failure (n.)
失败;不及格
He failed the math exam.
His failure in the math exam taught him a lesson.
proud (adj.)
pride (n.)
自豪;骄傲
She is proud of her son.
She takes pride in her son.(= She is proud of her son.)
silent (adj.)
silence (n.)
沉默;寂静
He used to be silent in class.
He sat in silence for a long time.
重点短语
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
be absent from
缺席……
后接 “场合 / 地点” 名词(如 class, school, meeting),不可说 be absent to
He used to be absent from class often, but now he never misses a lesson.
be proud of / take pride in
为…… 自豪
两者同义,be proud of 后接人 / 事,take pride in 后也接人 / 事,可互换
She is proud of her daughter’s success. / She takes pride in her daughter’s success.
give up doing sth.
放弃做某事
give up 后接动名词(不可接动词原形),代词作宾语时放中间(如 give it up)
He used to give up easily, but now he never gives up trying.
in person
亲自;亲身
强调 “亲自做某事”,区别于 by phone/online
She used to be afraid to talk to teachers, but now she can ask them questions in person.
take up
开始从事;占据
表 “开始做某事(新爱好 / 活动)” 时,后接动名词;表 “占据(空间 / 时间)” 时接名词
He took up playing the guitar last year. / This desk takes up too much space.
重要句型
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
Sb. influenced sb. else to + 动词原形.
表达 “某人影响另一人做某事”
His English teacher influenced him to love English.(他的英语老师影响他爱上了英语。)
influence 后接 “人” 作宾语,再接 “to do sth.” 作宾语补足语,不可说 influence sb. doing sth.
It’s hard to believe that + 陈述句.
表达 “难以相信……”
It’s hard to believe that he used to be afraid of speaking in public.(难以相信他过去怕在众人面前说话。)
it 为形式主语,真正主语是后面的 that 从句,从句用陈述语序
Sb. has changed a lot. He/She is more + 形容词 + than he/she used to be.
描述 “某人变化很大,比过去更……”
She has changed a lot. She is more confident than she used to be.(她变化很大,比过去更自信了。)
用 “more + 多音节形容词” 构成比较级,单音节形容词直接加 - er(如 taller, braver)
Did sb. use to + 动词原形,or + 动词原形?
选择疑问句,询问过去两种习惯中的一种
Did he use to play basketball or football?(他过去常打篮球还是足球?)
结构为 “Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形,or + 动词原形”,回答时直接选一种,不用 yes/no
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ?
Section A 知识清单
核心词汇
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
material
/məˈtɪəriəl/
材料;原料
raw material(原材料);different materials(不同材料);choose environmental materials(选择环保材料)
名词
cotton
/ˈkɒtn/
棉花;棉织物
cotton shirts(棉衬衫);pure cotton(纯棉);be made of cotton(由棉花制成)
名词
silk
/sɪlk/
丝绸;丝织物
silk scarves(丝绸围巾);silk dresses(丝绸连衣裙);soft silk(柔软的丝绸)
动词
produce
/prəˈdjuːs/
生产;制造
produce cars(生产汽车);produce food(生产食品);be produced in China(在中国生产)
动词
make
/meɪk/
制作;制造
make clothes(做衣服);make toys(做玩具);be made from(由…… 制成)
形容词
environmental
/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/
环境的
environmental protection(环境保护);environmental problems(环境问题);environmental materials(环保材料)
词性变换
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
produce (v.)
product (n.)
产品
This factory produces mobile phones.(这家工厂生产手机。)
This factory’s products sell well all over the country.(这家工厂的产品在全国畅销。)
produce (v.)
production (n.)
生产;制造
They produce shoes in this area.(他们在这个地区生产鞋子。)
The production of shoes has increased this year.(今年鞋子的产量增加了。)
environment (n.)
environmental (adj.)
环境的
We must protect the environment.(我们必须保护环境。)
We should pay attention to environmental protection.(我们应关注环境保护。)
make (v.)
made (adj./ 过去分词)
制成的;过去分词
My mom can make delicious cakes.(我妈妈会做美味的蛋糕。)
This cake is made by my mom.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。)/ It’s a made-in-China bag.(这是一个中国制造的包。)
重点短语
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
be made of
由…… 制成(看得出原材料)
后接原材料名词,原材料经加工后仍可直接观察(如木头→桌子、棉花→衬衫),被动语态结构为 “be + made of”
The desk is made of wood.(桌子由木头制成。)The shirts are made of cotton.(这些衬衫由棉花制成。)
be made from
由…… 制成(看不出原材料)
后接原材料名词,原材料经加工后无法直接观察(如木头→纸、小麦→面包),被动语态结构为 “be + made from”
Paper is made from wood.(纸由木头制成。)Bread is made from wheat.(面包由小麦制成。)
be produced in
在……(地方)生产
后接地点名词(国家、城市、工厂等),表物品的生产地,被动语态结构为 “be + produced in”
This phone is produced in Guangzhou.(这部手机在广州生产。)Wine is produced in France.(葡萄酒在法国生产。)
be used for
被用来做……
后接动名词(doing),表物品的用途,被动语态结构为 “be + used for + doing”,不可接动词原形
Knives are used for cutting things.(刀被用来切东西。)Paper is used for writing.(纸被用来写字。)
environmental protection
环境保护
固定搭配,常用于讨论 “绿色生产、环保材料” 主题,无特殊语法变化
We should use environmental protection materials to reduce pollution.(我们应使用环保材料减少污染。)
重要句型
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
What + be + 主语 + made of/from?
询问物品材质(“…… 由什么制成?”)
— What are the shirts made of?— They are made of cotton.— What is the paper made from?— It’s made from wood.
1. 根据 “能否看出原材料” 选 of(能)或 from(不能);2. 被动语态中 be 动词随主语单复数变化(单数用 is,复数用 are)
Where + be + 主语 + produced/made?
询问物品生产地(“…… 在什么地方生产?”)
— Where is this watch produced?— It’s produced in Switzerland.— Where are these toys made?— They are made in Shanghai.
1. “produced” 可替换为 “made”,含义相同;2. 后接地点名词,不可接副词(如 here/there,需去掉 in)
主语(原材料) + be + made into + 成品名词.
表达 “原材料被制成成品”(“…… 被制成……”)
Cotton is made into shirts.(棉花被制成衬衫。)Wood is made into desks.(木头被制成桌子。)
与 “be made of/from” 方向相反:- be made of/from:成品→原材料;- be made into:原材料→成品
主动句:People/Factory + make/produce + 物品 + 地点 / 方式.被动句:物品 + be + made/produced + 地点 / 方式.
主动语态变被动语态(表 “物品被制作 / 生产”)
主动:They make this car in Shanghai.被动:This car is made in Shanghai.主动:The factory produces this kind of cloth.被动:This kind of cloth is produced by the factory.
1. 被动句中 “动作执行者(people/factory)” 可省略(无需强调时);2. be 动词时态与主动句一致(一般现在时→is/am/are + 过去分词)
Section B 知识清单
核心词汇
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
process
/ˈprəʊses/
加工;过程
production process(生产过程);food process(食品加工);in the process of(在…… 过程中)
名词
pack
/pæk/
包装;包裹
pack products(包装产品);paper pack(纸包装);plastic pack(塑料包装)
名词
brand
/brænd/
品牌
famous brands(知名品牌);local brands(本土品牌);international brands(国际品牌)
动词
avoid
/əˈvɔɪd/
避免;避开
avoid waste(避免浪费);avoid pollution(避免污染);avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)
形容词
local
/ˈləʊkl/
当地的;本地的
local products(本地产品);local factories(当地工厂);local materials(本地材料)
副词
widely
/ˈwaɪdli/
广泛地;普遍地
be widely used(被广泛使用);widely known(广为人知);widely produced(被广泛生产)
词性变换
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
process (n./v.)
processing (n.)
加工;处理
We need to optimize the production process.(我们需要优化生产流程。)They process tea leaves here.(他们在这里加工茶叶。)
Tea processing requires professional skills.(茶叶加工需要专业技巧。)
pack (v./n.)
packing (n.)
包装;打包
She packs the gifts carefully.(她仔细包装礼物。)This is a new pack of cookies.(这是一包新饼干。)
The packing of this product is very eco-friendly.(这个产品的包装很环保。)
local (adj.)
locally (adv.)
在本地;当地
We buy local vegetables every week.(我们每周买本地蔬菜。)
These vegetables are grown locally.(这些蔬菜是本地种植的。)
wide (adj.)
widely (adv.)
广泛地
This river is very wide.(这条河很宽。)
English is widely spoken around the world.(英语在全世界被广泛使用。)
重点短语
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
be made into
被制成……(原材料→成品)
后接成品名词,与 “be made of/from”(成品→原材料)方向相反,被动语态结构为 “be + made into”
Glass is made into bottles.(玻璃被制成瓶子。)Metal is made into cans.(金属被制成罐头盒。)
be known for
因…… 而闻名
后接 “特色、产品、技能” 等名词,表 “某地 / 某物因某特点出名”,被动语态结构为 “be + known for”
China is known for tea.(中国因茶叶闻名。)Paris is known for fashion.(巴黎因时尚闻名。)
avoid doing sth.
避免做某事
avoid 为及物动词,后接动名词(doing),不可接动词原形或 to do;代词作宾语时放 avoid 和 doing 之间
We should avoid wasting materials.(我们应避免浪费材料。)He avoids eating junk food.(他避免吃垃圾食品。)
in the process of
在…… 的过程中
后接名词或动名词,表 “处于某个过程(生产、加工、学习等)中”,无被动语态
The factory is in the process of making new bags.(这家工厂正在生产新包的过程中。)She is in the process of learning English.(她正在学习英语的过程中。)
be widely used
被广泛使用
widely 为副词,修饰过去分词 used,表 “使用范围广”,被动语态结构为 “be + widely used”
Plastic is widely used in daily life.(塑料在日常生活中被广泛使用。)Smartphones are widely used around the world.(智能手机在全世界被广泛使用。)
重要句型
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
主语 + be + 副词 + 过去分词 + 其他.
被动语态中加副词,表 “动作的程度 / 方式”(“…… 被广泛地 / 仔细地……”)
This kind of cloth is widely used in making clothes.(这种布料被广泛用于做衣服。)The products are carefully packed.(这些产品被仔细地包装。)
副词(如 widely, carefully, quickly)需放在 “be 动词” 和 “过去分词” 之间,不可放在句末或 be 动词前
It’s said that + 被动句.
表达 “据说……”(引用他人观点,后接被动语态)
It’s said that this wine is made from grapes.(据说这种酒由葡萄制成。)It’s said that this bag is produced in Italy.(据说这个包在意大利生产。)
1. it 为形式主语,真正主语是 that 引导的从句;2. 从句需用陈述语序,被动语态符合 “be + 过去分词” 结构
Why + be + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?
询问 “物品被…… 的原因”(“为什么…… 被……?”)
— Why is this material used for making bags?— Because it’s strong and light.(因为它又结实又轻。)— Why are these shirts made of cotton?— Because cotton is comfortable.(因为棉花很舒服。)
被动语态特殊疑问句结构:“特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他”;be 动词随主语单复数变化
主语(成品) + be + made/produced + by + 动作执行者 + 其他.
被动语态中用 “by” 引出动作执行者(“…… 由…… 制作 / 生产”)
This handbag is made by local workers.(这个手提包由当地工人制作。)This kind of tea is produced by farmers in Yunnan.(这种茶叶由云南的农民生产。)
1. “by + 动作执行者” 表 “动作的发出者”,可省略(无需强调时);2. by 后接人时用宾格(如 by him, by them),接机构时用原形(如 by the factory)
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section A 知识清单
核心词汇
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
动词
invent
/ɪnˈvent/
发明;创造
invent sth.(发明某物);invent a new tool(发明新工具)
名词
invention
/ɪnˈvenʃn/
发明物;发明
great inventions(伟大发明);the invention of the phone(电话的发明)
名词
inventor
/ɪnˈventə(r)/
发明家
a famous inventor(著名发明家);the inventor of the light bulb(灯泡发明者)
名词
bulb
/bʌlb/
电灯泡
light bulb(电灯泡);LED bulb(LED 灯泡)
动词
create
/kriˈeɪt/
创造;创作
create new things(创造新事物);create a design(设计方案)
形容词
useful
/ˈjuːsfl/
有用的
useful inventions(有用的发明);be useful for sb.(对某人有用)
词性变换
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
invent (v.)
invention (n.)
发明物;发明
Edison invented the light bulb.(爱迪生发明了灯泡。)
The light bulb is one of Edison’s greatest inventions.(灯泡是爱迪生最伟大的发明之一。)
invent (v.)
inventor (n.)
发明家
He invented a new machine.(他发明了一台新机器。)
He is the inventor of the new machine.(他是这台新机器的发明者。)
create (v.)
creation (n.)
创造;作品
She creates beautiful artworks.(她创作美丽的艺术品。)
Her creation won first prize.(她的作品获得了一等奖。)
use (v./n.)
useful (adj.)
有用的
We use this tool daily.(我们每天用这个工具。)
This tool is very useful.(这个工具很有用。)
重点短语
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
be invented by
由…… 发明
一般过去时被动结构,后接动作执行者(人 / 团队)
The telephone was invented by Bell.(电话由贝尔发明。)
be used for
被用来做……
后接动名词,表发明的用途,用过去时被动
The light bulb was used for lighting rooms.(灯泡被用来照亮房间。)
come up with
想出;提出
后接 “发明、想法” 等名词,主动语态
He came up with the idea of inventing a new pen.(他想出了发明新钢笔的主意。)
turn on
打开(电器)
后接发明物(如 bulb, TV),主动语态
We turn on the light bulb when it’s dark.(天黑时我们打开灯泡。)
重要句型
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
When + was/were + 主语 + invented?
询问发明时间(“…… 是什么时候被发明的?”)
— When was the light bulb invented?— It was invented in 1879.
主语为单数用 was,复数用 were;后可加 “in + 年份” 表时间
Who + was + 主语 + invented by?
询问发明者(“…… 是由谁发明的?”)
— Who was the telephone invented by?— It was invented by Bell.
主语无论单复数,均用 was(发明物多为单数);by 不可省略
主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + (by sb.).
过去时被动句(“…… 被(某人)……”)
The pen was invented by a student.(这支钢笔由一名学生发明。)
不及物动词无被动语态(如 happen, rise)
Section B 知识清单
核心词汇
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
instrument
/ˈɪnstrəmənt/
仪器;乐器
musical instrument(乐器);scientific instrument(科学仪器)
名词
pioneer
/ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/
先驱;开拓者
a pioneer in science(科学先驱);pioneer of new technology(新技术开拓者)
动词
introduce
/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/
引入;介绍
introduce sth. to sp.(把某物引入某地);introduce a new invention(介绍新发明)
动词
remain
/rɪˈmeɪn/
保持;停留
remain unknown(仍不为人知);remain popular(保持流行)
形容词
sudden
/ˈsʌdn/
突然的
a sudden idea(突发的想法);sudden change(突然的变化)
词性变换
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
introduce (v.)
introduction (n.)
引入;介绍
They introduced the new invention to China.(他们把新发明引入中国。)
The introduction of the new invention changed our life.(新发明的引入改变了我们的生活。)
pioneer (n.)
pioneer (v.)
开拓;开创
He is a pioneer in AI.(他是人工智能领域的先驱。)
He pioneered AI technology.(他开拓了人工智能技术。)
sudden (adj.)
suddenly (adv.)
突然地
There was a sudden rain.(突然下雨了。)
It rained suddenly.(雨突然下了起来。)
remain (v.)
remaining (adj.)
剩余的
Some problems remain.(一些问题仍存在。)
The remaining problems will be solved.(剩余的问题将被解决。)
重点短语
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
be used widely
被广泛使用
过去时被动结构,widely 放 be 与过去分词之间
The invention was used widely around the world.(这项发明在全世界被广泛使用。)
by accident
偶然;意外地
修饰被动句,表发明的偶然性
Penicillin was discovered by accident.(青霉素是偶然被发现的。)
take place
发生
无被动语态,表 “有计划 / 自然发生”
The invention of the Internet took place in the 20th century.(互联网的发明发生在 20 世纪。)
according to
根据;按照
后接 “资料、观点”,引出发明相关依据
According to the book, this invention was made in 1900.(根据这本书,这项发明是 1900 年做出的。)
重要句型
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + by accident.
表 “…… 偶然被……”
The new medicine was discovered by accident.(这种新药是偶然被发现的。)
by accident 放句末,修饰整个被动动作
What + was + 主语 + used for?
询问发明用途(“…… 过去被用来做什么?”)
— What was the old instrument used for?— It was used for measuring temperature.
用 was(发明物多为单数);后接动名词
主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + and has influenced...
表发明影响(“…… 被…… 并影响了……”)
The phone was invented in 1876 and has influenced communication.(电话 1876 年被发明,影响了通讯。)
前半句过去时被动,后半句现在完成时表持续影响
Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
Section A 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
license(= licence)
/ˈlaɪsns/
证;证件
driver's license(驾驶证);music license(音乐许可证)
名词
safety
/ˈseɪfti/
安全;安全性
traffic safety(交通安全);personal safety(人身安全)
名词
smoke
/sməʊk/
烟
heavy smoke(浓烟);the smell of smoke(烟味)
名词
earring
/ˈɪərɪŋ/
耳环;耳饰
gold earrings(金耳环);wear earrings(戴耳环)
动词
smoke
/sməʊk/
吸烟;冒烟
smoke a cigarette(吸香烟);smoke in public(在公共场合吸烟)
动词
pierce
/pɪəs/
扎;刺破;穿透
pierce one's ears(打耳洞);pierce a hole(扎一个洞)
动词
regret
/rɪˈɡret/
感到遗憾;懊悔
regret doing sth.(后悔做某事);regret to say(遗憾地说)
形容词
tiny
/ˈtaɪni/
极小的;微小的
a tiny house(小房子);tiny particles(微小颗粒)
副词
badly
/ˈbædli/
严重地;差;非常
hurt badly(伤得严重);do badly in exams(考试考得差)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
safe (adj.)
safety (n.)
安全
This place is safe for kids.
We must pay attention to our safety.
smoke (v. / n.)
smoker (n.)
吸烟者
He doesn't smoke anymore.
His father is a heavy smoker.
pierce (v.)
piercing (adj.)
刺耳的;尖刻的
She pierced her nose last month.
The piercing noise woke me up.
educate (v.)
education (n.)
教育
Schools educate students in many ways.
Education is important for personal growth.
educate (v.)
educational (adj.)
有教育意义的
This book educates readers about history.
We watched an educational documentary.
manage (v.)
management (n.)
管理;经营
She can manage her time well.
The company's management is very efficient.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
be allowed to do sth.
被允许做某事
被动结构,主语是动作的承受者,常与情态动词(should, can 等)搭配
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
get one's ears pierced
打耳洞
“get + 宾语 + 过去分词” 结构,表示 “使某事被做”,one's 需根据主语替换
She got her ears pierced when she was 14.
worry about
担心
后接人或事物,可用于日常担忧场景,主语为人
Don't worry about your exam results—you did your best.
be strict with sb.
对某人要求严格
“strict” 后接 “with” 加对象(人),若接事物用 “in sth.”
My mother is strict with me about my homework.
stay up
熬夜
指深夜不睡觉,后可接 “late” 表 “熬夜到很晚”,无宾语时直接使用
He stayed up late to finish his project.
fail a test
考试不及格
“fail” 后接名词,表 “未通过(考试、任务等)”,对应短语 “pass a test”(通过考试)
He failed the math test because he didn't study.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
主语 + should /shouldn't be allowed to do sth.
某人应该 / 不应该被允许做某事
Teenagers shouldn't be allowed to smoke.
含情态动词的被动语态,结构为 “情态动词 + be + 过去分词”
I don't think + 主语 + should be allowed to do sth.
我认为某人不应该被允许做某事
I don't think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
否定前移结构,否定词 “not” 需放在主句 “think” 前,从句用肯定形式
What happens if + 一般现在时从句?— 主语 + might /will + 动词原形.
如果…… 会发生什么?— 某人可能 / 将会……
— What happens if we arrive late? — We might miss the train.
if 引导条件状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则,主句可用情态动词表推测
主语 + need to + 动词原形
某人需要做某事
We need to follow the school rules.
“need” 此处为实义动词,否定形式为 “don't need to do”,不可直接加 “not”
Section B 知识清单
1. 核心词汇(附音标、搭配)
词类
英文单词
音标
中文含义
常见搭配 / 语境示例
名词
teen
/tiːn/
青少年
teenagers(青少年,复数);teen culture(青少年文化)
名词
community
/kəˈmjuːnəti/
社区;社团
local community(当地社区);community service(社区服务)
名词
chance
/tʃɑːns/
机会;可能性
a chance to try(尝试的机会);by chance(偶然)
名词
society
/səˈsaɪəti/
社会
modern society(现代社会);society rules(社会规则)
动词
educate
/ˈedʒukeɪt/
教育;教导
educate children(教育孩子);educate about safety(开展安全知识教育)
动词
manage
/ˈmænɪdʒ/
设法做到;应付
manage to do sth.(设法做某事);manage a company(管理公司)
动词
support
/səˈpɔːt/
支持;支撑
support one's decision(支持某人的决定);support a family(养家)
形容词
awful
/ˈɔːfl/
很坏的;讨厌的
an awful day(糟糕的一天);awful weather(恶劣的天气)
副词
seriously
/ˈsɪəriəsli/
严肃地;严重地
take sth. seriously(认真对待某事);be seriously ill(病得严重)
2. 词性变换(附例句)
原词(词类)
变换词(词类)
中文含义
原词例句
变换词例句
decide (v.)
decision (n.)
决定
She decided to study abroad.
Making a good decision is important.
important (adj.)
importance (n.)
重要性
It's important to exercise.
We all know the importance of health.
achieve (v.)
achievement (n.)
成就;实现
He achieved his goal last year.
This is a great achievement for her.
argue (v.)
argument (n.)
争论;辩论
They argued about the plan.
There was an argument between them.
develop (v.)
development (n.)
发展;成长
The city is developing fast.
The development of technology helps us a lot.
3. 重点短语(附用法 + 例句)
英文短语
中文含义
用法说明
例句
make one's own decision
自己做决定
“one's” 需根据主语替换(my, his, her 等),强调自主选择
You are old enough to make your own decision.
get in the way of
挡…… 的路;妨碍
后接名词或动名词,表 “阻碍某事发展”
Playing games shouldn't get in the way of your study.
keep...away from
避免接近;远离
“keep” 后接宾语,“away from” 后接需避开的对象
Parents should keep kids away from dangerous things.
think back to
回想起
后接过去的事情、场景等,主语为人
I often think back to my childhood.
learn from
从…… 学习
后接人或经历,表 “吸取经验、教训”
We can learn from our mistakes.
be excited about
对…… 感到兴奋
“excited” 修饰人,后接令人兴奋的事物,若修饰物用 “exciting”
She is excited about the upcoming trip.
4. 重要句型(附结构 + 用途)
句型结构
中文含义 / 用途
例句
注意事项
主语 + think it + 形容词 + to do sth.
某人认为做某事是…… 的
I think it important to respect others.
“it” 为形式宾语,真正宾语是后面的 “to do sth.”,不可省略 “it”
主语 + have a chance to + 动词原形
某人有机会做某事
She has a chance to study in America.
“chance” 后接 “to do sth.” 表 “做某事的机会”,不可接 “of do”
主语 + shouldn't be allowed to do sth. because + 原因从句
某人不应该被允许做某事,因为……
He shouldn't be allowed to go out because it's too late.
原因从句用陈述语序,解释不允许的理由
Do you think + 主语 + should be allowed to do sth.?
你认为某人应该被允许做某事吗?
Do you think we should be allowed to use phones at school?
一般疑问句结构,“think” 后接宾语从句,用陈述语序
谚语警句
总结规则与成长道理
1. No pain, no gain.(没有付出,就没有收获。)2. Every coin has two sides.(凡事都有两面性。)
可用于写作结尾,表达对青少年规则与自由的看法
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