第16讲 新教材8AU8 Safe and sound 教案+学案（下）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册同步学与练（译林版2024）

课程主题： 8AU8 Safe and sound（下） 学习目标 1.掌握8AU8后半部分的重点词汇和句型； 2.掌握本单元主题写作。 教学内容 【进门测试】 根据句意及汉语提示或首字母提示写出单词。 1.The teacher teaches children how to stay calm during ____________ (紧急情况) like fires or earthquakes. 2.The lost kid was reunited with his parents thanks to all the ____________ (警察) kind efforts. 3.No one ____________ (猜测) my favourite colour correctly because it changes every week! 4.When the music started, happy children ran in all d____________ to play games. 5.The library was completely s____________, with everyone reading their favourite books quietly. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 6.The kind woman gave her warm scarf to a ____________ (home) man shaking in the cold. 7.After scoring the winning goal, I happily said to ___________ (I), “All that practice really paid off!” 8.The museum guide reminded us to avoid ____________ (touch) the ancient artifacts to protect them. 9.Everyone enjoyed the party, ____________ (include) my shy little sister who danced for the first time. 10.My heart ____________ (beat) loud as I waited to hear if I won the art competition, but I felt proud no matter what. 【多元导学】 How to Stay Safe During Natural Disasters When a natural disaster hits, stay calm first. Avoid dangerous areas like windows or tall trees. Follow official warnings and evacuate quickly if told. Prepare a safety kit with water and food. Stay with family and help each other. Remember, safety always comes first. 【互动精讲】 第一部分 Integration 【知识梳理1】avoid another accident（教材P116） avoid 是及物动词，意为“避免；防止”，用于表示避免某事的发生、避免做某事、避开某人/ 某物等。 其基本结构是avoid + 名词或动名词，意为“避免某事或避免做某事”。 ____________________________________________她尽量避免吃太多糖。 【例题精讲】 1.I take notes in class to avoid mistakes. 2.You should avoid driving after drinking. 【课堂练习】 1．People are advised to avoid ________ still water to prevent the spread of Chikungunya fever, as mosquitoes breed there. A．collect B．to collect C．collected D．collecting 2．We should try our best to avoid ________ money. We should learn to use it wisely. A．saving B．wasting C．spending D．giving 3．Lucy (避免) eating sweets because they are unhealthy. 4．Daniel did his homework as carefully as he could to avoid (make) mistakes. 【知识梳理2】Tie a clean piece of cloth round the wound, and press it firmly for 10 to 15 minutes.（教材P117） wound n. 伤，伤口 wound 作名词，意为“伤，伤口”，可以用作可数名词。 wound 还可以作动词，意为“使受伤”，可以指身体上的伤害，也可以指情感或心理上的伤害。 ___________ 是形容词，意为“受伤的”。 ____________________________________________士兵头上中了枪伤。 ____________________________________________坏人用刀伤害了这名警察。 【例题精讲】 1.He has a wound in his arm. 2.They took the wounded man to hospital at once. 【课堂练习】 1．________ wound and ________ sick must be taken to hospital at once. A．The; the B．the; a C．a; the D．a; a 2．A witness said that the victim was wounded ________ a knife and bled ________ death ________ a result. A．by; with; for B．with; to; as C．with; for; as D．by; to; for 3．The (wound) soldiers were carried to the hospital to cure the wound immediately. 4．Although the soldier was seriously (wound), he still fought till the end. 5．The nurse asked me to sit on the chair. Then she helped me to clean the (伤口). 【知识梳理3】The police came to check and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days.（教材P117） warn vt. & vi. 警告，告诫 warn 是动词，意为“警告，告诫”，可以作及物动词或不及物动词。 ______________________ 警告某人做某事。 ______________________警告某人不要做某事。 ______________________ 警告某人注意某事。 __________________________________________________________________那位警察警告他不要开得太快。 【例题精讲】 1.She warned me of the danger ahead. 2.Our teachers often warn us not to go swimming alone. 【课堂练习】 1．To help me get better grades this term, my mom warns me ________ so much time on computer games, and she encourages me ________ more exercise. A．not to spend; doing B．don’t spend; to do C．don’t spend; playing D．not to spend; to do 2．Doctors warned people ________ stay outdoors for a long time in foggy weather. A．not B．don’t C．to not D．not to 3．The chemicals that trees produce can warn insects ________ them. A．not attack B．not to attack C．not attacking D．don’t attack 4．I will warn my brother ________ the hot stove ________ he could get burned. A．to not touch; because B．touching; because of C．not to touch; because D．not touching; because of 5．The zookeeper (警告) us not to touch the animals just now. 6．China is one of many countries with disaster (warn) systems. 7．The policeman warned the thief (put) up his hands and stand outside. 8．Mr. Liu often warns his students (not swim) in the river. 第二部分 Writing写作 【知识梳理】自然灾害与防范 Unit 8 的主题聚焦于 “人与自然：自然灾害与防范”。这一主题引导我们深入认识各种各样的自然灾害，比如地震、洪水、台风等。同时，了解这些灾害对人类社会和自然环境所造成的严重危害性也是至关重要的。认识到自然灾害防范的重要性，能够帮助我们在日常生活中增强自我保护意识，提前做好应对准备。 在具体的英语写作中，同学们应努力做到以下几点：正确运用与自然灾害相关的词汇，清晰描述灾害发生的过程和场景，准确表达自己的感受以及阐述有效的防范措施等。通过这些方面的训练，提升英语综合运用能力，同时也能更好地向他人传达关于自然灾害的知识和应对方法。 写作框架 开头引入： 可以采用开门见山的方式，直接点明发生了自然灾害。例如：Last month, a terrible flood hit our small town.（上个月，一场可怕的洪水袭击了我们的小镇。） 引入话题： 进一步描述一下灾害发生前的一些迹象或者正常的场景，形成对比。如：Before the flood came, our town was a peaceful and beautiful place. People were going about their daily lives as usual.（在洪水来临之前，我们的小镇是一个宁静而美丽的地方。人们像往常一样过着日常生活。） 主体部分： 描述灾害发生过程：使用过去进行时描述当时正在发生的事情。如：While I was doing my homework at home, I suddenly heard a loud noise. The water was rising quickly outside.（当我正在家里做作业时，突然听到一声巨响。外面的水正在迅速上涨。） 人们的反应：描述人们面对灾害时的行为和情绪。Many people were running around in panic, trying to find a safe place. Some were screaming for help.（许多人惊慌失措地四处奔跑，试图找到一个安全的地方。一些人在大声呼救。） 应对措施：讲述人们采取了哪些行动来应对灾害。The local government quickly organized rescue teams. Volunteers came from all over to help distribute food and water.（当地政府迅速组织了救援队伍。志愿者从各地赶来帮忙分发食物和水。） 表达情感： 表达自己在经历或听闻灾害后的感受。I was really scared during the flood, but I was also deeply moved by the help and support from others.（在洪水期间我真的很害怕，但我也被他人的帮助和支持深深感动。） 结尾部分： 总结这次经历带来的教训或者对未来的期望。This flood taught us a valuable lesson. We should always be prepared for natural disasters and work together to protect our homes.（这次洪水给我们上了宝贵的一课。我们应该时刻为自然灾害做好准备，共同努力保护我们的家园。） 【例题精讲】 Daming所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场暴风雪。很幸运，暴风雪时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming请描述一下暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 写作要点： 1.写明暴风雪的时间：yesterday evening 2.暴风雪时全家人都在做什么：My mother was... 3.暴风雪时的心情：scared... 4.暴风雪的后果：all safe 提示词：luckily...  Remember to... 写作要求： 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【课堂检测】 Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示、首字母提示或音标写出单词 1.We planted _____________ (灌木丛) with flowers around our schoolyard to attract butterflies and bees. 2.The local newspaper _____________ (报道) our school's charity event with photos. 3.Scientists explained how coral reefs can protect coasts from _____________ _____________ (潮汐). 4.Follow the wooden s_____________ with an arrow (箭头) to find the beautiful lakeside picnic area. 5.When I saw the homeless puppy, my heart was b_____________, so I gave it my sandwich. 6.The nurse gently cleaned the small _____________ (/wuːnd/) on my knee and put on a cute bandage. Ⅱ. 选择所给单词的正确形式填空 introduce; save; trap; damage; we; firm; write; sing 1.The English teacher showed us how _____________ proper book reviews for the contest. 2._____________ energy, we always turn off lights when leaving the classroom. 3.Grandpa _____________ held my hand as we crossed the busy street together. 4.Some library books _____________ in the flood, so we helped repair them. 5.The Greens were _____________ in the home because of the heavy rain. 6.We wore hats and sunscreen to protect _____________ from the strong summer sun. 7.The museum guide continued _____________ amazing dinosaur facts after the lunch break. 8.Listen! Can you hear someone _____________ in the next room? Who can it be? Ⅲ. 单项选择 1.The lake is quite clean and beautiful. ____, more than 13,000,000 people have come here to take their vacations. A. In fact B. For example C. So far D. At first 2.The charity concert is held at a time when the world is facing challenges ____ climate change, poverty, energy and food safety. A. against B. except C. for D. including 3.To keep healthy in the flu season, you should ____ touching your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands. A. avoid B. consider C. practice D. suggest 4.—Do you mind telling me how to restart the computer?—No, not at all. It's easy. Just ____ the button here. A. find B. call C. press D. work 5.It is raining heavily these days and the government is ____ people about the falling rocks from the mountains. A. deciding B. keeping C. warning D. developing 6.Nowadays more and more people prefer to read e-books, but I don't think paper books will ____ in the future. A. increase B. disappear C. remain D. spread Ⅳ. 句子翻译 1.这场大火将烧毁数百万平方米的土地。 __________________________________________________________ 2.这些自然灾害与地理位置有关。 __________________________________________________________ 3.如果你家着火了，尽快跑到外面去。 __________________________________________________________ 4.外出是很危险的，因为你可能会被卷入台风中的东西砸到。 __________________________________________________________ 5.警方警告我们要远离海滩。 __________________________________________________________ 6.我们都很高兴自己是安全的。 __________________________________________________________ 【温故知新】 Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词 1.The book shows characters solving problems in different life ______________ (情况) creatively. 2.Maria's sweet ______________ (嗓音) made the school choir performance even more beautiful. 3.The ______________ (紧张的) student smiled with relief when he saw the easy test questions. 4.Everyone passed the Maths test e______________ Tom, but he made up his mind to study harder. 5.After taking deep breaths, Lucy c______________ down and gave her speech confidently. 6.The weather was t______________ yesterday, but today the sun is shining brightly again. Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1.Studying with friends helps me deal with exam ______________ (press) much better than alone. 2.My little brother's smile ______________ (disappear) whenever I bring home his favourite cookies. 3.Though feeling ______________ (fear) at first, Mia proudly sang her solo at the school concert. 4.The birds ______________ (sing) cheerfully when we had our morning picnic in the park. 5.We laughed when Dad ______________ (burn) the toast but made funny shapes with the black parts. 6.After cleaning my glasses, I could see the whiteboard ______________ (clear) from the back row. Ⅲ. 单项选择 1.—Did you hear the shouts ____ the boy?—Yes. When I arrived there, I found the boy looking at a snake ____ fear. A. from; in B. at; with C. from; at D. to; in 2.Our teachers always warn us ____ ball games on the road to avoid ____ ourselves. A. to not play; hurting B. not to play; to hurt C. not to play; hurting D. not play; to hurt 3.—Why do you often look through these old photos, Grandma?—Photos are ____, but they bring back many wonderful memories. A. nice B. valuable C. silent D. clear 4.—Do you know if we ____ to the movie tomorrow?—I think we'll go if we ____ much homework. A. go; don't have B. will go; don't have C. go; won't have D. will go; won't have 5.—____ heavy the snow that is falling in Changzhou is! How can we go to work today?—____ it is snowing heavily, let's walk instead of driving. A. What; Because B. What a; Since C. How; Since D. How; Though 6.“Can you hear the ____ of children playing the piano in the park? How nice it is!” he asked me in a low ____. A. noise; sound B. sound; voice C. voice; sound D. noise; voice 7.—Look at this photo! Do you remember when it was taken?—Yeah! I ____ a cooking class back then and it was so fun. A. have B. am having C. was having D. have had 8.Which of the following words is formed the same way as the word “roommate”? A. carelessness B. unhappiness C. homesick D. achievement 9.Fire is dangerous in our daily life. If there is a fire in our building, we should ____ to keep safe. ①call 119 at once ②run into the lift as fast as we can ③cover our mouth and nose with wet towel (毛巾) ④jump out of the building no matter how tall it is ⑤close the door and try to keep the smoke outside A. ①③⑤ B. ①③④ C. ③④ D. ①②⑤ 能力提升 一、阅读理解 Nature’s warnings When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind is strong, watch out! A dangerous storm might be coming. Storms are frightening. Watch for flashes of lightning. Listen for thunder. If nature sends these warnings, don’t wait for rain. Act right away to keep safe. Safety Step At the first flash of lightning, quickly get inside a building or a car. Do not go into a shed (棚屋) for protection. It is not closed like a building, so it is not safe. Even after you are indoors, be careful. It is not smart to go near doors and windows. They can blow in or break. A room with no windows is the safest place to be. Do not wash your hands during a storm. Do not use anything that runs on electricity, either. Water and electrical lines are like roads for lightning. Even if you really want to play computer games, don’t! It is better to be bored than to get hurt. Try reading a book instead. Reading is more fun than playing computer during a storm. If you can’t get to somewhere safe, stay out in the open. You may feel safe under a tree, but that is not 2 good place to be. Lightning is pulling toward tall poles and trees. Stay down in an open space and cover your ears to protect them. Loud thunder can hurt your hearing. Lightning Strikes Lightning does not strike people very often. You might often see that happen. If you do, call 120. Only trained emergency workers should care for a person who has been hit by lightning. If you follow these rules, you will stay safe during a storm. 1．From Paragraph 1,we learn that _________. A．storms are frightening and dangerous B．storms often come without warnings C．people should wait and watch lightning D．people should take action after the storm 2．What is the safest place for us to stay? a. A room with many windows when we’re indoors. b. Under a big tree when we’re in the open. c. The school playground. d. A room with no windows. A．ab. B．bc. C．bd. D．cd. 3．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s safe to stay indoors to play computer games during a storm. B．Reading books is more dangerous than using electrical things in a storm. C．We should not wash our hands when a storm comes. D．If a person is hit by lightning, you should move him or her to a safe place right away. 4．Where can we read this passage? A．In a story magazine. B．In a travelling magazine. C．In a science magazine. D．In a sports magazine. COVID-19 is still spreading around the planet. This year’s Earth Day focuses on climate (气候) change. Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world in the form of bad weather and natural disasters. Will climate change lead to more disease outbreaks in the future? The answer is a possible “yes”. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), studies have shown that a warming Earth is causing more infectious (传染性的) diseases. Malaria (疟疾), a serious and sometimes deadly disease, is mainly spread by mosquitoes (蚊子). Climate change results in more heat waves and floods, which provide perfect conditions for mosquitoes to breed (繁殖). In India, for example, the warmer climate has increased the risk by about five times. Studies also suggest that global increases in temperature will drive disease—carrying insects from the equator (赤道) to the north. This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe. Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate change, has something to do with infectious diseases, according to Nature. In places such as Central and West Africa, there have been serious deforestation and losses of living areas for bats (蝙蝠). These bats have started living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks. As ice keeps melting (融化) into water, diseases that lie under the ice may also come back. In 2016, a city in northern Russia saw an outbreak of anthrax (炭疽) during a heat wave. Scientists believe the virus came out from the frozen soil because of rising temperatures. About 90 people were infected, the New York Times reported. What can we do to “cool” Earth? Governments can Put a tax (税) or fee on carbon emissions. Advise using clean energy, such as wind and sun energy. Make policies and laws to protect the environment. You can Turn off electronic devices, such as computers and TVs when you aren’t using them. Take a walk, ride a bike or take public transportation as much as you can. Buy products that are energy-efficient. 5．What kind of harm may be caused by climate change? A．Deforestation. B．Energy shortage. C．Transportation cost. D．Bad weather and natural disasters. 6．What does the underline word “This” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．The rising temperatures help mosquitoes to breed. B．Serious diseases can only stay alive in northern areas. C．Insects help spread some serious diseases to the north. D．High temperatures make a difference to the looks of insects. 7．What is TRUE according to the passage? A．An outbreak of anthrax resulted from the frozen soil. B．The climate change does little harm to the people’s health. C．Bats act as a way for diseases to spread because of the deforestation. D．This year’s Earth Day advises people to stop the spread of the diseases. 8．The purpose of this article is to________. A．explain the possible diseases under the warmer climate B．introduce how to save energy and protect the environment C．express the writer’s ideas about what leads to the climate change D．warn people of diseases the warmer climate brings and offer some advice 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及选项，从文后选出最合适的选项填入空格内，选项中有两项多余。 Earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters. 9 It is a good way recommended by emergency management organizations (应急管理组织) in many countries. Remember these following tips, and you may protect yourself and your family. Drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk. In the first few seconds after the shaking starts, try to quickly move away from anything that may fall and hurt you. 10 If you’re in a public place, such as a store, do not rush away hurriedly. Get away from glass and walls to find a safe place to take cover. 11 A table or a bed can offer cover from falling things. Get down on your knees and stay under the table until the shaking stops. 12 Heads and necks are the most important as well as the easiest part to get hurt. If you’re in bed during an earthquake, stay there and protect your head and neck with something soft such as thick clothes or soft pillows (枕头). These things are soft enough to protect your head and neck. If there’s nothing helpful, cover your face, head and neck with your hands and arms carefully. Hold on and keep careful. Stay until the shaking completely stops. Keep careful even when you get up as aftershocks (余震) can happen at any time after an earthquake. 13 Watch out for broken glass and falling walls. Wear a pair of trainers and put on a pair of long trousers and a shirt. Be careful not to hurt yourself. A．Cover your head and neck. B．Keep calm if you’re trapped. C．You should have a plan during an earthquake. D．If you’re at home, look for a hard piece of furniture. E．If an aftershock happens, “drop, cover, and hold on” until it stops. F．To live during an earthquake, remember “drop, cover, and hold on”. G．Get low and walk away from any danger such as windows and shelves. 二、任务型阅读 阅读与回答问题 A bottle of water may not seem like much to you, but thousands of bottles will be of great help for people who live in drought- hit（遭受旱灾）areas in China. Last autumn, there was very little rain in the Southwest China. Some places, especially in Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, experienced（经历）a serious drought. Crops died, the land cracked（裂开）, and wells（井）and rivers dried up. More than 20 million people are having difficulty in finding safe drinking water. After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. Last week, every member of the Communist Youth League（共青团员）and Young Pioneers（少先队员）were encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primary schools and middle schools quickly joined the activity. In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles. The serious drought has also made students realize（意识到）the importance of saving water. Students from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou, Guangdong went on the street to tell people to take part in water-saving activities. “I’ve heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy（含有泥土的）water, I feel really sad about that, “ said one student, I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water,” he said. 14．Why did a serious drought happen in Southwest China? 15．How much water did the students in Yuhua Primary School buy with their pocket money last week? 16．What did people do after learning about the drought? 17．What did the people in drought-hit areas need most? 18．What can you do to save water in your daily life?（自拟一点作答） ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 课程主题： 8AU8 Safe and sound（下） 学习目标 1.掌握8AU8后半部分的重点词汇和句型； 2.掌握本单元主题写作。 教学内容 【进门测试】 根据句意及汉语提示或首字母提示写出单词。 1.The teacher teaches children how to stay calm during ____________ (紧急情况) like fires or earthquakes. 2.The lost kid was reunited with his parents thanks to all the ____________ (警察) kind efforts. 3.No one ____________ (猜测) my favourite colour correctly because it changes every week! 4.When the music started, happy children ran in all d____________ to play games. 5.The library was completely s____________, with everyone reading their favourite books quietly. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 6.The kind woman gave her warm scarf to a ____________ (home) man shaking in the cold. 7.After scoring the winning goal, I happily said to ___________ (I), “All that practice really paid off!” 8.The museum guide reminded us to avoid ____________ (touch) the ancient artifacts to protect them. 9.Everyone enjoyed the party, ____________ (include) my shy little sister who danced for the first time. 10.My heart ____________ (beat) loud as I waited to hear if I won the art competition, but I felt proud no matter what. 答案：1.emergencies 2.policemen's 3.guesses 4.directions 5.silent 6. homeless 7. myself 8. touching 9. including 10. was beating 【多元导学】 How to Stay Safe During Natural Disasters When a natural disaster hits, stay calm first. Avoid dangerous areas like windows or tall trees. Follow official warnings and evacuate quickly if told. Prepare a safety kit with water and food. Stay with family and help each other. Remember, safety always comes first. 教学建议：根据图片和文字引出本课写作主题。 【互动精讲】 第一部分 Integration 【知识梳理1】avoid another accident（教材P116） avoid 是及物动词，意为“避免；防止”，用于表示避免某事的发生、避免做某事、避开某人/ 某物等。 其基本结构是avoid + 名词或动名词，意为“避免某事或避免做某事”。 ____________________________________________她尽量避免吃太多糖。 答案：She tried to avoid eating too much sugar. 【例题精讲】 1.I take notes in class to avoid mistakes. 2.You should avoid driving after drinking. 【课堂练习】 1．People are advised to avoid ________ still water to prevent the spread of Chikungunya fever, as mosquitoes breed there. A．collect B．to collect C．collected D．collecting 2．We should try our best to avoid ________ money. We should learn to use it wisely. A．saving B．wasting C．spending D．giving 3．Lucy (避免) eating sweets because they are unhealthy. 4．Daniel did his homework as carefully as he could to avoid (make) mistakes. 答案：1．D 2．B 3．avoids 4．making 【知识梳理2】Tie a clean piece of cloth round the wound, and press it firmly for 10 to 15 minutes.（教材P117） wound n. 伤，伤口 wound 作名词，意为“伤，伤口”，可以用作可数名词。 wound 还可以作动词，意为“使受伤”，可以指身体上的伤害，也可以指情感或心理上的伤害。 ___________ 是形容词，意为“受伤的”。 ____________________________________________士兵头上中了枪伤。 ____________________________________________坏人用刀伤害了这名警察。 答案：wounded The soldier got a gun wound on his head. A bad man wounded the policeman with a knife. 【例题精讲】 1.He has a wound in his arm. 2.They took the wounded man to hospital at once. 【课堂练习】 1．________ wound and ________ sick must be taken to hospital at once. A．The; the B．the; a C．a; the D．a; a 2．A witness said that the victim was wounded ________ a knife and bled ________ death ________ a result. A．by; with; for B．with; to; as C．with; for; as D．by; to; for 3．The (wound) soldiers were carried to the hospital to cure the wound immediately. 4．Although the soldier was seriously (wound), he still fought till the end. 5．The nurse asked me to sit on the chair. Then she helped me to clean the (伤口). 答案：1．A 2．B 3．wounded 4．wounded 5．wound 【知识梳理3】The police came to check and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days.（教材P117） warn vt. & vi. 警告，告诫 warn 是动词，意为“警告，告诫”，可以作及物动词或不及物动词。 ______________________ 警告某人做某事。 ______________________警告某人不要做某事。 ______________________ 警告某人注意某事。 __________________________________________________________________那位警察警告他不要开得太快。 答案：warn sb. to do sth. warn sb. not to do sth. warn sb. of sth. The policeman warned him not to drive too fast. 【例题精讲】 1.She warned me of the danger ahead. 2.Our teachers often warn us not to go swimming alone. 【课堂练习】 1．To help me get better grades this term, my mom warns me ________ so much time on computer games, and she encourages me ________ more exercise. A．not to spend; doing B．don’t spend; to do C．don’t spend; playing D．not to spend; to do 2．Doctors warned people ________ stay outdoors for a long time in foggy weather. A．not B．don’t C．to not D．not to 3．The chemicals that trees produce can warn insects ________ them. A．not attack B．not to attack C．not attacking D．don’t attack 4．I will warn my brother ________ the hot stove ________ he could get burned. A．to not touch; because B．touching; because of C．not to touch; because D．not touching; because of 5．The zookeeper (警告) us not to touch the animals just now. 6．China is one of many countries with disaster (warn) systems. 7．The policeman warned the thief (put) up his hands and stand outside. 8．Mr. Liu often warns his students (not swim) in the river. 答案：1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．warned 6．warning 7．to put 8．not to swim 第二部分 Writing写作 【知识梳理】自然灾害与防范 Unit 8 的主题聚焦于 “人与自然：自然灾害与防范”。这一主题引导我们深入认识各种各样的自然灾害，比如地震、洪水、台风等。同时，了解这些灾害对人类社会和自然环境所造成的严重危害性也是至关重要的。认识到自然灾害防范的重要性，能够帮助我们在日常生活中增强自我保护意识，提前做好应对准备。 在具体的英语写作中，同学们应努力做到以下几点：正确运用与自然灾害相关的词汇，清晰描述灾害发生的过程和场景，准确表达自己的感受以及阐述有效的防范措施等。通过这些方面的训练，提升英语综合运用能力，同时也能更好地向他人传达关于自然灾害的知识和应对方法。 写作框架 开头引入： 可以采用开门见山的方式，直接点明发生了自然灾害。例如：Last month, a terrible flood hit our small town.（上个月，一场可怕的洪水袭击了我们的小镇。） 引入话题： 进一步描述一下灾害发生前的一些迹象或者正常的场景，形成对比。如：Before the flood came, our town was a peaceful and beautiful place. People were going about their daily lives as usual.（在洪水来临之前，我们的小镇是一个宁静而美丽的地方。人们像往常一样过着日常生活。） 主体部分： 描述灾害发生过程：使用过去进行时描述当时正在发生的事情。如：While I was doing my homework at home, I suddenly heard a loud noise. The water was rising quickly outside.（当我正在家里做作业时，突然听到一声巨响。外面的水正在迅速上涨。） 人们的反应：描述人们面对灾害时的行为和情绪。Many people were running around in panic, trying to find a safe place. Some were screaming for help.（许多人惊慌失措地四处奔跑，试图找到一个安全的地方。一些人在大声呼救。） 应对措施：讲述人们采取了哪些行动来应对灾害。The local government quickly organized rescue teams. Volunteers came from all over to help distribute food and water.（当地政府迅速组织了救援队伍。志愿者从各地赶来帮忙分发食物和水。） 表达情感： 表达自己在经历或听闻灾害后的感受。I was really scared during the flood, but I was also deeply moved by the help and support from others.（在洪水期间我真的很害怕，但我也被他人的帮助和支持深深感动。） 结尾部分： 总结这次经历带来的教训或者对未来的期望。This flood taught us a valuable lesson. We should always be prepared for natural disasters and work together to protect our homes.（这次洪水给我们上了宝贵的一课。我们应该时刻为自然灾害做好准备，共同努力保护我们的家园。） 【例题精讲】 Daming所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场暴风雪。很幸运，暴风雪时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming请描述一下暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 写作要点： 1.写明暴风雪的时间：yesterday evening 2.暴风雪时全家人都在做什么：My mother was... 3.暴风雪时的心情：scared... 4.暴风雪的后果：all safe 提示词：luckily...  Remember to... 写作要求： 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： My name is Daming. In my city, there was a snowstorm yesterday evening. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen when it started. My father was watching TV, and my little sister was playing with her toys. I was doing my homework in my room. Suddenly, the wind howled loudly, and the snow fell heavily. We were all scared because it was so loud and unexpected. Luckily, the storm didn’t last long. After it ended, we checked everything and felt relieved that we were all safe and sound. Remember to stay indoors during bad weather. 【课堂检测】 Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示、首字母提示或音标写出单词 1.We planted _____________ (灌木丛) with flowers around our schoolyard to attract butterflies and bees. 2.The local newspaper _____________ (报道) our school's charity event with photos. 3.Scientists explained how coral reefs can protect coasts from _____________ _____________ (潮汐). 4.Follow the wooden s_____________ with an arrow (箭头) to find the beautiful lakeside picnic area. 5.When I saw the homeless puppy, my heart was b_____________, so I gave it my sandwich. 6.The nurse gently cleaned the small _____________ (/wuːnd/) on my knee and put on a cute bandage. Ⅱ. 选择所给单词的正确形式填空 introduce; save; trap; damage; we; firm; write; sing 1.The English teacher showed us how _____________ proper book reviews for the contest. 2._____________ energy, we always turn off lights when leaving the classroom. 3.Grandpa _____________ held my hand as we crossed the busy street together. 4.Some library books _____________ in the flood, so we helped repair them. 5.The Greens were _____________ in the home because of the heavy rain. 6.We wore hats and sunscreen to protect _____________ from the strong summer sun. 7.The museum guide continued _____________ amazing dinosaur facts after the lunch break. 8.Listen! Can you hear someone _____________ in the next room? Who can it be? Ⅲ. 单项选择 1.The lake is quite clean and beautiful. ____, more than 13,000,000 people have come here to take their vacations. A. In fact B. For example C. So far D. At first 2.The charity concert is held at a time when the world is facing challenges ____ climate change, poverty, energy and food safety. A. against B. except C. for D. including 3.To keep healthy in the flu season, you should ____ touching your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands. A. avoid B. consider C. practice D. suggest 4.—Do you mind telling me how to restart the computer?—No, not at all. It's easy. Just ____ the button here. A. find B. call C. press D. work 5.It is raining heavily these days and the government is ____ people about the falling rocks from the mountains. A. deciding B. keeping C. warning D. developing 6.Nowadays more and more people prefer to read e-books, but I don't think paper books will ____ in the future. A. increase B. disappear C. remain D. spread Ⅳ. 句子翻译 1.这场大火将烧毁数百万平方米的土地。 __________________________________________________________ 2.这些自然灾害与地理位置有关。 __________________________________________________________ 3.如果你家着火了，尽快跑到外面去。 __________________________________________________________ 4.外出是很危险的，因为你可能会被卷入台风中的东西砸到。 __________________________________________________________ 5.警方警告我们要远离海滩。 __________________________________________________________ 6.我们都很高兴自己是安全的。 __________________________________________________________ 答案： Ⅰ.1.bushes 2.reported 3.tidal waves 4.sign 5.bleeding 6.wound Ⅱ. 1.to write 2.To save 3.firmly 4.were damaged 5.trapped 6.ourselves 7.to introduce 8.singing Ⅲ.1 - 6 CDACCB Ⅳ.1.The fire will burn millions of square metres of land. 2.The natural disasters have something to do with the location. 3.If your home is on fire, get outside as soon as possible. 4.It's dangerous to get out as you may get hit by something caught in the typhoon. 5.The police warned us to run away from the beach. 6.All of us were happy that we were safe. 【温故知新】 Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词 1.The book shows characters solving problems in different life ______________ (情况) creatively. 2.Maria's sweet ______________ (嗓音) made the school choir performance even more beautiful. 3.The ______________ (紧张的) student smiled with relief when he saw the easy test questions. 4.Everyone passed the Maths test e______________ Tom, but he made up his mind to study harder. 5.After taking deep breaths, Lucy c______________ down and gave her speech confidently. 6.The weather was t______________ yesterday, but today the sun is shining brightly again. Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1.Studying with friends helps me deal with exam ______________ (press) much better than alone. 2.My little brother's smile ______________ (disappear) whenever I bring home his favourite cookies. 3.Though feeling ______________ (fear) at first, Mia proudly sang her solo at the school concert. 4.The birds ______________ (sing) cheerfully when we had our morning picnic in the park. 5.We laughed when Dad ______________ (burn) the toast but made funny shapes with the black parts. 6.After cleaning my glasses, I could see the whiteboard ______________ (clear) from the back row. Ⅲ. 单项选择 1.—Did you hear the shouts ____ the boy?—Yes. When I arrived there, I found the boy looking at a snake ____ fear. A. from; in B. at; with C. from; at D. to; in 2.Our teachers always warn us ____ ball games on the road to avoid ____ ourselves. A. to not play; hurting B. not to play; to hurt C. not to play; hurting D. not play; to hurt 3.—Why do you often look through these old photos, Grandma?—Photos are ____, but they bring back many wonderful memories. A. nice B. valuable C. silent D. clear 4.—Do you know if we ____ to the movie tomorrow?—I think we'll go if we ____ much homework. A. go; don't have B. will go; don't have C. go; won't have D. will go; won't have 5.—____ heavy the snow that is falling in Changzhou is! How can we go to work today?—____ it is snowing heavily, let's walk instead of driving. A. What; Because B. What a; Since C. How; Since D. How; Though 6.“Can you hear the ____ of children playing the piano in the park? How nice it is!” he asked me in a low ____. A. noise; sound B. sound; voice C. voice; sound D. noise; voice 7.—Look at this photo! Do you remember when it was taken?—Yeah! I ____ a cooking class back then and it was so fun. A. have B. am having C. was having D. have had 8.Which of the following words is formed the same way as the word “roommate”? A. carelessness B. unhappiness C. homesick D. achievement 9.Fire is dangerous in our daily life. If there is a fire in our building, we should ____ to keep safe. ①call 119 at once ②run into the lift as fast as we can ③cover our mouth and nose with wet towel (毛巾) ④jump out of the building no matter how tall it is ⑤close the door and try to keep the smoke outside A. ①③⑤ B. ①③④ C. ③④ D. ①②⑤ 答案：Ⅰ.1.situations 2.voice 3.nervous 4.except 5.calmed 6.terrible Ⅱ.1.pressure 2.appears 3.fearful 4.were singing 5.burnt/burned 6.clearly Ⅲ.1 - 5 ACCBC6 - 9 BCCA 能力提升 一、阅读理解 Nature’s warnings When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind is strong, watch out! A dangerous storm might be coming. Storms are frightening. Watch for flashes of lightning. Listen for thunder. If nature sends these warnings, don’t wait for rain. Act right away to keep safe. Safety Step At the first flash of lightning, quickly get inside a building or a car. Do not go into a shed (棚屋) for protection. It is not closed like a building, so it is not safe. Even after you are indoors, be careful. It is not smart to go near doors and windows. They can blow in or break. A room with no windows is the safest place to be. Do not wash your hands during a storm. Do not use anything that runs on electricity, either. Water and electrical lines are like roads for lightning. Even if you really want to play computer games, don’t! It is better to be bored than to get hurt. Try reading a book instead. Reading is more fun than playing computer during a storm. If you can’t get to somewhere safe, stay out in the open. You may feel safe under a tree, but that is not 2 good place to be. Lightning is pulling toward tall poles and trees. Stay down in an open space and cover your ears to protect them. Loud thunder can hurt your hearing. Lightning Strikes Lightning does not strike people very often. You might often see that happen. If you do, call 120. Only trained emergency workers should care for a person who has been hit by lightning. If you follow these rules, you will stay safe during a storm. 1．From Paragraph 1,we learn that _________. A．storms are frightening and dangerous B．storms often come without warnings C．people should wait and watch lightning D．people should take action after the storm 2．What is the safest place for us to stay? a. A room with many windows when we’re indoors. b. Under a big tree when we’re in the open. c. The school playground. d. A room with no windows. A．ab. B．bc. C．bd. D．cd. 3．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s safe to stay indoors to play computer games during a storm. B．Reading books is more dangerous than using electrical things in a storm. C．We should not wash our hands when a storm comes. D．If a person is hit by lightning, you should move him or her to a safe place right away. 4．Where can we read this passage? A．In a story magazine. B．In a travelling magazine. C．In a science magazine. D．In a sports magazine. COVID-19 is still spreading around the planet. This year’s Earth Day focuses on climate (气候) change. Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world in the form of bad weather and natural disasters. Will climate change lead to more disease outbreaks in the future? The answer is a possible “yes”. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), studies have shown that a warming Earth is causing more infectious (传染性的) diseases. Malaria (疟疾), a serious and sometimes deadly disease, is mainly spread by mosquitoes (蚊子). Climate change results in more heat waves and floods, which provide perfect conditions for mosquitoes to breed (繁殖). In India, for example, the warmer climate has increased the risk by about five times. Studies also suggest that global increases in temperature will drive disease—carrying insects from the equator (赤道) to the north. This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe. Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate change, has something to do with infectious diseases, according to Nature. In places such as Central and West Africa, there have been serious deforestation and losses of living areas for bats (蝙蝠). These bats have started living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks. As ice keeps melting (融化) into water, diseases that lie under the ice may also come back. In 2016, a city in northern Russia saw an outbreak of anthrax (炭疽) during a heat wave. Scientists believe the virus came out from the frozen soil because of rising temperatures. About 90 people were infected, the New York Times reported. What can we do to “cool” Earth? Governments can Put a tax (税) or fee on carbon emissions. Advise using clean energy, such as wind and sun energy. Make policies and laws to protect the environment. You can Turn off electronic devices, such as computers and TVs when you aren’t using them. Take a walk, ride a bike or take public transportation as much as you can. Buy products that are energy-efficient. 5．What kind of harm may be caused by climate change? A．Deforestation. B．Energy shortage. C．Transportation cost. D．Bad weather and natural disasters. 6．What does the underline word “This” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．The rising temperatures help mosquitoes to breed. B．Serious diseases can only stay alive in northern areas. C．Insects help spread some serious diseases to the north. D．High temperatures make a difference to the looks of insects. 7．What is TRUE according to the passage? A．An outbreak of anthrax resulted from the frozen soil. B．The climate change does little harm to the people’s health. C．Bats act as a way for diseases to spread because of the deforestation. D．This year’s Earth Day advises people to stop the spread of the diseases. 8．The purpose of this article is to________. A．explain the possible diseases under the warmer climate B．introduce how to save energy and protect the environment C．express the writer’s ideas about what leads to the climate change D．warn people of diseases the warmer climate brings and offer some advice 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及选项，从文后选出最合适的选项填入空格内，选项中有两项多余。 Earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters. 9 It is a good way recommended by emergency management organizations (应急管理组织) in many countries. Remember these following tips, and you may protect yourself and your family. Drop to your hands and knees under a table or desk. In the first few seconds after the shaking starts, try to quickly move away from anything that may fall and hurt you. 10 If you’re in a public place, such as a store, do not rush away hurriedly. Get away from glass and walls to find a safe place to take cover. 11 A table or a bed can offer cover from falling things. Get down on your knees and stay under the table until the shaking stops. 12 Heads and necks are the most important as well as the easiest part to get hurt. If you’re in bed during an earthquake, stay there and protect your head and neck with something soft such as thick clothes or soft pillows (枕头). These things are soft enough to protect your head and neck. If there’s nothing helpful, cover your face, head and neck with your hands and arms carefully. Hold on and keep careful. Stay until the shaking completely stops. Keep careful even when you get up as aftershocks (余震) can happen at any time after an earthquake. 13 Watch out for broken glass and falling walls. Wear a pair of trainers and put on a pair of long trousers and a shirt. Be careful not to hurt yourself. A．Cover your head and neck. B．Keep calm if you’re trapped. C．You should have a plan during an earthquake. D．If you’re at home, look for a hard piece of furniture. E．If an aftershock happens, “drop, cover, and hold on” until it stops. F．To live during an earthquake, remember “drop, cover, and hold on”. G．Get low and walk away from any danger such as windows and shelves. 二、任务型阅读 阅读与回答问题 A bottle of water may not seem like much to you, but thousands of bottles will be of great help for people who live in drought- hit（遭受旱灾）areas in China. Last autumn, there was very little rain in the Southwest China. Some places, especially in Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, experienced（经历）a serious drought. Crops died, the land cracked（裂开）, and wells（井）and rivers dried up. More than 20 million people are having difficulty in finding safe drinking water. After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. Last week, every member of the Communist Youth League（共青团员）and Young Pioneers（少先队员）were encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primary schools and middle schools quickly joined the activity. In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles. The serious drought has also made students realize（意识到）the importance of saving water. Students from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou, Guangdong went on the street to tell people to take part in water-saving activities. “I’ve heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy（含有泥土的）water, I feel really sad about that, “ said one student, I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water,” he said. 14．Why did a serious drought happen in Southwest China? 15．How much water did the students in Yuhua Primary School buy with their pocket money last week? 16．What did people do after learning about the drought? 17．What did the people in drought-hit areas need most? 18．What can you do to save water in your daily life?（自拟一点作答） 答案： 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．F 10．G 11．D 12．A 13．E 14．Because there was very little rain. 15．They bought over 1,000 bottles of water with their pocket money last week/ Over 1,000 bottles of water. 16．Many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. 17．Safe drinking water. 18．I use the water used for washing face to water flowers.（言之有理即可） ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $