内容正文:
03.中考英语常用动词搭配析与练
中考英语常用动词搭配析与练素材积累
1. look系列
look for:寻找,强调寻找的过程。
find:找到,强调寻找的结果。
【用法对比】look for 侧重动作过程,find 侧重动作的结果。
【用法示例】
I'm looking for my pen, but I can't find it.(我在找我的钢笔,但我找不到它。)
2. look at
look at:看……,强调看的动作对象。
see:看见,强调看的结果。
【用法对比】look at 是主动去看某个具体对象,see 是眼睛接收到视觉信息。
【用法示例】
Look at the blackboard, please.(请看黑板。)
I can see a bird in the tree.(我能看见树上有一只鸟。)
3. come系列
come across:偶然遇见或发现。
meet:遇见,可指偶然遇见,也可指事先安排的见面。
【用法对比】come across 更强调偶然性,meet 用法更广泛。
【用法示例】
I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.(我昨天在街上偶然遇见了一位老朋友。)
I will meet my teacher at the school gate.(我将在学校门口和我的老师见面。)
4. get系列
get up:起床;站起。
wake up:睡醒;醒来;唤醒。
【用法对比】get up 强调从床上起来的动作,wake up 强调从睡眠状态到清醒状态。
【用法示例】
I usually get up at 6:30 in the morning.(我通常早上6:30起床。)
Please wake me up at 6 o'clock.(请在6点钟叫醒我。)
5. get系列
get on:上车。
get off:下车。
【用法对比】二者是相反的动作,分别表示登上和离开交通工具。
【用法示例】
The bus is coming. Let's get on.(公共汽车来了。我们上车吧。)
We got off the train at Beijing Station.(我们在北京站下了火车。)
6. give系列
give away:捐赠;泄露。
give out:分发;散发。
【用法对比】give away 侧重于把东西送给别人或泄露秘密等,give out 主要指分发物品或发出某种信号等。
【用法示例】
She gave away all her old clothes to the poor.(她把所有的旧衣服都捐赠给了穷人。)
The teacher gave out the test papers.(老师分发了试卷。)
7. make系列
make up:编造(故事、谎言等);化妆;组成。
make up of:由……组成。
【用法对比】make up 有多种含义,根据语境不同而不同,make up of 强调由哪些部分组成整体。
【用法示例】
Don't make up stories.(不要编造故事。)
The class is made up of 40 students.(这个班级由40名学生组成。)
8. put系列
put on:穿上;上演;增加(体重)。
wear:穿着,强调穿着的状态。
【用法对比】put on 强调穿的动作,wear 强调穿着的状态。
【用法示例】
Put on your coat. It's cold outside.(穿上你的外套。外面很冷。)
She always wears a red dress.(她总是穿着一件红色的连衣裙。)
9. put系列
put off:推迟。
put away:放好;收拾。
【用法对比】put off 表示把事情往后推,put away 表示把物品放置到合适的地方。
【用法示例】
We have to put off the meeting because of the rain.(因为下雨,我们不得不推迟会议。)
Put away your books before you go to bed.(睡觉前把你的书放好。)
10. take系列
take off:起飞;脱掉。
take out:切除;摘除;带走。
【用法对比】take off 用于飞机起飞或脱掉衣物等,take out 侧重于取出、拿出或切除某物。
【用法示例】
The plane took off on time.(飞机准时起飞了。)Can you take out the trash for me?(你能帮我把垃圾拿出去吗?)
11. take系列
take care of:照顾。
look after:照顾;照看。
【用法对比】二者意思相近,都表示对人或物进行照料。
【用法示例】
He takes good care of his mother.(他把他的母亲照顾得很好。)
Please look after my pet dog while I'm away.(我不在的时候,请照顾我的宠物狗。)
12. turn系列
turn on:打开(电器、设备等)。
turn off:关掉(电器、设备等)。
【用法对比】turn on 和 turn off 是相反的动作,分别表示开启和关闭电器等。
【用法示例】
Turn on the light, please.(请打开灯。)
Don't forget to turn off the TV when you leave.(你离开的时候别忘了关掉电视。)
13. turn系列
turn up:调高(音量等);出现。
turn down:调低(音量等);拒绝。
【用法对比】turn up 和 turn down 都与调节音量等有关,同时 turn up 还有出现的意思,turn down 有拒绝的意思。
【用法示例】
Turn up the radio. I like this song.(把收音机音量调大。我喜欢这首歌。)
She turned down his invitation.(她拒绝了他的邀请。)
14. come系列
come true:实现。
realize:实现;意识到。
【用法对比】come true 通常指梦想、愿望等实现,realize 不仅有实现的意思,还可表示意识到某种情况。
【用法示例】
My dream has come true.(我的梦想实现了。)
He realized his mistake.(他意识到了自己的错误。)
15. get系列
get used to:习惯于。
be used to:习惯于。
【用法对比】二者意思相同,get used to 强调逐渐习惯的过程,be used to 强调习惯的状态。
【用法示例】
He gets used to getting up early.(他逐渐习惯了早起。)
She is used to living in the countryside.(她习惯了住在农村。)
16. look系列
look through:浏览;翻阅。
read:阅读,强调认真地看并理解内容。
【用法对比】look through 侧重于快速地查看,read 侧重于深入地阅读。
【用法示例】
I looked through the newspaper quickly.(我快速地浏览了一下报纸。)
He reads a lot of books every month.(他每个月都读很多书。)
17. look系列
look up:查阅(字典、资料等);抬头看。
search for:搜索;寻找,更强调在大量信息中查找。
【用法对比】look up 主要指在参考资料中查找信息,search for 则更广泛地指寻找任何事物。
【用法示例】
We often look up new words in the dictionary.(我们经常在字典里查阅新单词。)
They are searching for the missing child.(他们正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。)
18. come系列
come back:回来;想起来。
return:回来;归还,较正式。
【用法对比】come back 更口语化,return 既可表示回来,又可表示归还。
【用法示例】
He came back home late last night.(他昨晚很晚才回家。)
Please return my book on time.(请按时归还我的书。)
19. get系列
get back:回来;返回。
go back:回去,强调回到原来的地方。
【用法对比】get back 强调从别处回到说话者所在的地方,go back 强调回到某个特定的地方。
【用法示例】
When will you get back?(你什么时候回来?)
He went back to his hometown last week.(他上周回到了他的家乡。)
20. put系列
put down:记下;放下。
write down:写下,更强调用书写的方式记录。
【用法对比】put down 可指放下物体或记录信息,write down 主要指写下文字。
【用法示例】
Put down your pen and listen to me.(放下你的笔,听我说。)
Please write down your name on the paper.(请在纸上写下你的名字。)
21. take系列
take after:(外貌或行为)像。
look like:看起来像,侧重于外貌。
【用法对比】take after 不仅可指外貌,还可指行为、性格等方面像,look like 主要指外貌相似。
【用法示例】
She takes after her mother in character.(她在性格上像她的母亲。)
He looks like his father.(他看起来像他的父亲。)
22. turn系列
turn around:转身;调头。
turn back:(使)返回;(使)折回。
【用法对比】turn around 强调身体或物体的方向转变,turn back 更强调返回原来的地方或状态。
【用法示例】
He turned around and saw me.(他转过身来看见了我。)
We had to turn back because of the bad weather.(因为天气不好,我们不得不返回。)
23. break系列
break down:(机器)故障;(谈判)失败;(身体)垮掉。
break out:(战争、火灾等)突然发生,爆发。
【用法对比】break down 侧重于事物本身出现问题或失败,break out 侧重于不好的事情突然发生。
【用法示例】
The car broke down on the way to work.(汽车在上班的路上出故障了。)
A fire broke out in the building last night.(昨晚大楼里发生了火灾。)
24. set系列
set out:出发;开始。
set off:出发;引发。
【用法对比】set out 和 set off 都有出发的意思,set off 还可表示引发某种情况。
【用法示例】
They set out for the journey early in the morning.(他们一大早就出发去旅行了。)
The bomb set off a chain reaction.(炸弹引发了连锁反应。)
25. cut系列
cut down:砍倒;削减。
cut off:切断;中断。
【用法对比】cut down 主要指砍倒树木或减少数量、程度等,cut off 侧重于切断联系、供应等。
【用法示例】
Don't cut down the trees.(不要砍倒树木。)
The earthquake cut off the electricity supply.(地震切断了电力供应。)
26. 表示 “到达” 的短语
arrive in:到达(大地点,如城市、国家)。
arrive at:到达(小地点,如车站、学校)。
reach:到达(及物动词,直接接地点,不分大小)。
【用法对比】三者均表 “到达”,arrive 需搭配介词区分地点规模,reach 无需介词直接接宾语。
【用法示例】
She arrived in Paris yesterday.(她昨天抵达巴黎。)
We arrived at the station at 8 a.m.(我们早上 8 点到了车站。)
They reached the village before dark.(他们天黑前到了村子。)
27. 表示 “借” 的短语
borrow:借入,非延续性动词,搭配 “from sb.”。
lend:借出,非延续性动词,搭配 “to sb.”。
keep:保留(表 “借用” 时为延续性动词,可接时间段)。
【用法对比】borrow/lend 强调瞬间动作且方向相反,keep 强调持续状态。
【用法示例】
I borrowed a pen from her.(我向她借了一支笔。)
She lent her bike to me.(她把自行车借给了我。)
You can keep the book for two weeks.(这本书你可以借两周。)
28. 表示 “穿” 的短语
dress:给…… 穿衣服,宾语通常是人,搭配 “dress sb.”。
put on:穿上,强调动作,宾语是衣物。
wear:穿着,强调状态,宾语可接衣物、饰品等。
【用法对比】dress 侧重 “给人穿衣” 的动作,put on 侧重 “穿衣” 的瞬间动作,wear 侧重 “穿着” 的持续状态。
【用法示例】
The mother is dressing her baby.(妈妈正在给宝宝穿衣服。)
Put on your coat—it’s cold.(穿上外套,天很冷。)
She wears glasses every day.(她每天都戴眼镜。)
29. 表示 “参加” 的短语
join:加入(组织、团体,成为成员)。
take part in:参加(活动、比赛,强调参与过程)。
attend:出席(会议、讲座等正式场合)。
【用法对比】join 侧重 “成为成员”,take part in 侧重 “参与活动”,attend 侧重 “出席仪式性场合”。
【用法示例】
He joined the music club last month.(他上个月加入了音乐俱乐部。)
We will take part in the sports meet.(我们将参加运动会。)
She attended an important meeting yesterday.(她昨天出席了一场重要会议。)
30. 表示 “拿 / 带” 的短语
bring:带来,从别处拿到说话者所在地。
take:带走,从说话者所在地拿到别处。
carry:搬运,不强调方向,侧重负重动作。
【用法对比】bring/take 方向相反,carry 无方向侧重,仅表 “搬运” 动作。
【用法示例】
Bring your homework tomorrow.(明天把作业带来。)
Take this bag to the room.(把这个包拿到房间去。)
He carried the heavy box upstairs.(他把重箱子搬上了楼。)
31. 表示 “说” 的短语
speak:说(某种语言),强调说话能力或方式。
say:说,强调说话内容,接直接 / 间接引语。
talk:交谈,强调双方对话,搭配 “talk to/with sb.”。
【用法对比】speak 侧重语言能力,say 侧重内容,talk 侧重互动交流。
【用法示例】
She speaks English fluently.(她英语说得很流利。)
He said he would come back.(他说他会回来。)
They are talking about the film.(他们在谈论那部电影。)
32. go 系列
go on:继续(做某事),搭配 “doing sth./with sth.”。
go over:复习;检查,侧重对内容的回顾或核对。
【用法对比】go on 强调动作的延续性,go over 强调对已有内容的重复梳理。
【用法示例】
They went on working despite the rain.(尽管下雨,他们仍继续工作。)
We must go over the lessons before the exam.(考试前我们必须复习功课。)
33. give 系列
give up:放弃,后接名词或动名词。
give in:屈服;让步,常搭配 “to sb./sth.”。
【用法对比】give up 侧重主动停止做某事,give in 侧重被迫向对方妥协。
【用法示例】
He never gives up learning new things.(他从不放弃学习新事物。)
She finally gave in to his request.(她最终屈服于他的请求。)
34. break 系列
break into:闯入;强行进入(某地)。
break out:(战争、火灾等)突然发生,无被动语态。
【用法对比】break into 强调 “侵入” 的动作,宾语多为地点;break out 强调 “爆发” 的突发性,主语多为灾难类名词。
【用法示例】
Thieves broke into the house last night.(小偷昨晚闯入了房子。)
A fire broke out in the factory.(工厂里发生了火灾。)
35. come 系列
come out:出版;出现,可指作品发行或事物显露。
come up:发生;被提出,指问题或话题意外出现。
【用法对比】come out 侧重 “公开 / 显露的结果”,come up 侧重 “临时出现的过程”。
【用法示例】
His new book came out last month.(他的新书上个月出版了。)
A new problem came up in the meeting.(会议上提出了一个新问题。)
36. take 系列
take care:小心;注意,单独使用或搭配 “of”。
take care of:照顾;照料,后接人或物。
【用法对比】take care 是提醒注意的短句,take care of 强调具体的照料动作。
【用法示例】
Take care when crossing the road.(过马路时小心。)
She takes care of her grandma every day.(她每天照顾奶奶。)
37. look 系列
look out:当心;留神,用于提醒危险,后接 “for sth.” 表 “留意某物”。
look forward to:期待,“to” 为介词,后接动名词。
【用法对比】look out 是警示用语,look forward to 是表达主观期待的短语。
【用法示例】
Look out! There’s a car coming.(当心!有车过来了。)
I’m looking forward to seeing you.(我期待见到你。)
38. be made 系列
be made of:由…… 制成,能看出原材料。
be made from:由…… 制成,看不出原材料。
【用法对比】均表 “材质构成”,核心区别在于能否识别原材料。
【用法示例】
The table is made of wood.(这张桌子是木头做的。)
Paper is made from wood.(纸是木头做的。)
39. used 系列
used to do:过去常常做某事,表过去习惯性动作。
be used to doing:习惯于做某事,“to” 为介词。
【用法对比】used to do 强调 “过去的习惯(现在已改变)”,be used to doing 强调 “当前的习惯状态”。
【用法示例】
He used to play football after school.(他过去放学后常踢足球。)
She is used to getting up early.(她习惯早起。)
40. cut 系列
cut up:切碎;剁碎,强调将物体分成小块。
cut down:砍倒;削减,可指砍树或减少数量。
【用法对比】cut up 侧重 “分割物体”,cut down 侧重 “移除物体或减少规模”。
【用法示例】
Please cut up the vegetables.(请把蔬菜切碎。)
We should cut down on sugar.(我们应该减少糖的摄入。)
41. fall 系列
fall off:从…… 掉下来,后接具体物体。
fall asleep:入睡,强调进入睡眠状态的动作。
【用法对比】fall off 表 “物理掉落”,fall asleep 表 “生理状态变化”。
【用法示例】
The apple fell off the tree.(苹果从树上掉了下来。)
He fell asleep soon after lying down.(他躺下后很快就睡着了。)
42. give 系列
give away:捐赠;泄露,可指送物或泄密。
give back:归还,强调将物品送回原主。
【用法对比】give away 侧重 “无偿给予或泄密”,give back 侧重 “物归原主”。
【用法示例】
She gave away her old toys to charity.(她把旧玩具捐赠给了慈善机构。)
Please give back the book tomorrow.(明天请把书还回来。)
43. turn 系列
turn into:变成;转变为,强调状态或形态的改变。
turn over:翻转;移交,可指物体翻转或权力移交。
【用法对比】turn into 侧重 “本质变化”,turn over 侧重 “位置翻转或责任转移”。
【用法示例】
The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.(毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。)
He turned over the document to the police.(他把文件移交给了警察。)
44. set 系列
set up:建立;设立,后接组织、机构等。
set out:出发;开始,搭配 “to do sth.” 表 “着手做某事”。
【用法对比】set up 侧重 “创建实体”,set out 侧重 “行动的开始”。
【用法示例】
They set up a new company last year.(他们去年成立了一家新公司。)
She set out to finish the work on time.(她着手按时完成工作。)
45. hear 系列
hear of:听说,侧重间接得知某事。
hear from:收到…… 的来信 / 消息,后接人。
【用法对比】hear of 表 “知晓某事”,hear from 表 “收到某人的具体消息”。
【用法示例】
I’ve never heard of this place.(我从没听说过这个地方。)
I heard from my sister yesterday.(我昨天收到了姐姐的来信。)
46. keep 系列
keep on:继续做某事,强调动作的持续不间断。
keep away:远离,搭配 “from sth.” 表 “避开某物”。
【用法对比】keep on 侧重 “动作延续”,keep away 侧重 “空间或关系上的远离”。
【用法示例】
He kept on talking though no one listened.(尽管没人听,他还是继续说。)
Keep away from the hot stove.(离热炉子远点。)
47. make 系列
make sure:确保;查明,后接从句或 “of sth.”。
make up:编造;化妆,根据语境表不同含义。
【用法对比】make sure 侧重 “确认事实”,make up 侧重 “虚构内容或修饰外观”。
【用法示例】
Make sure you lock the door.(确保你锁了门。)
She made up a story to explain her absence.(她编造了一个故事解释缺席原因。)
48. put 系列
put up:张贴;搭建,可指贴海报或建房屋。
put down:放下;记下,既表动作也表记录。
【用法对比】put up 侧重 “向上放置或搭建”,put down 侧重 “向下放置或记录”。
【用法示例】
They put up posters around the school.(他们在学校周围贴海报。)
Put down your pen and listen carefully.(放下笔,认真听。)
49. come 系列
come up with:想出;提出,后接主意、计划等。
come along:跟随;进展,可指伴随他人或事情发展。
【用法对比】come up with 侧重 “创造新想法”,come along 侧重 “伴随或进展状态”。
【用法示例】
She came up with a good idea.(她想出了一个好主意。)
How is your project coming along?(你的项目进展如何?)
50. take 系列
take place:发生;举行,无被动语态,指有计划的事件。
take care of:照顾;处理,可指照料人或应对事务。
【用法对比】take place 表 “事件发生”,take care of 表 “主动照料或处理”。
【用法示例】
The meeting will take place next Monday.(会议将于下周一举行。)
He takes care of all the company’s affairs.(他负责处理公司的所有事务。)
51. 表示 “花费” 的短语
spend:花费(时间 / 金钱),主语是人,搭配 “spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth./(in) doing sth.”。
cost:花费(金钱),主语是物,无被动语态,搭配 “sth. cost sb. + 金钱”。
take:花费(时间),主语多为 it,常用 “It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.” 句型。
【用法对比】spend 主语是人且可接时间 / 金钱,cost 主语是物且仅接金钱,take 主语多为 it 且仅接时间。
【用法示例】
She spends two hours on English every day.(她每天花两小时学英语。)
The book cost me 20 yuan.(这本书花了我 20 元。)
It takes him 10 minutes to walk to school.(他步行去学校要 10 分钟。)
52. 表示 “停止” 的短语
stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事。
stop to do sth.:停下来去做另一件事。
【用法对比】核心区别在 “doing” 表 “正在进行的动作”,“to do” 表 “要开始的新动作”。
【用法示例】
He stopped watching TV when his mom came back.(妈妈回来时,他停止了看电视。
)They stopped to have a rest after walking for an hour.(走了一小时后,他们停下来休息。)
53. 表示 “忘记” 的短语
forget to do sth.:忘记要做某事(事情未做)。
forget doing sth.:忘记做过某事(事情已做)。
【用法对比】“to do” 表 “未发生的动作”,“doing” 表 “已发生的动作”,侧重动作是否完成。
【用法示例】
Don’t forget to turn off the light.(别忘了关灯。/ 灯还没关)I forgot meeting him before.(我忘了以前见过他。/ 见过他的事已发生)
54. 表示 “记得” 的短语
remember to do sth.:记得要做某事(事情未做)。
remember doing sth.:记得做过某事(事情已做)。
【用法对比】与 “forget” 用法对应,“to do” 表 “待完成”,“doing” 表 “已完成”。
【用法示例】
Remember to bring your ID card tomorrow.(记得明天带身份证。/ 还没带)
I remember seeing this film last year.(我记得去年看过这部电影。/ 已看过)
55. 表示 “希望” 的短语
hope to do sth.:希望做某事,不可接 “hope sb. to do sth.”。
wish to do sth.:希望做某事;也可接 “wish sb. to do sth.”(希望某人做某事),还可接虚拟语气表 “难以实现的愿望”。
【用法对比】hope 表 “现实的希望”,无 “hope sb. to do” 结构;wish 可表 “现实希望” 或 “虚拟愿望”,可接 “wish sb. to do”。
【用法示例】
I hope to visit Beijing next year.(我希望明年去北京旅游。)
She wishes her son to study hard.(她希望儿子努力学习。)
I wish I could fly.(我希望我能飞。/ 虚拟,难以实现)
56. 表示 “开始” 的短语
start to do sth.:开始做某事,可用于各种语境,尤其主语是物时。
start doing sth.:开始做某事,更强调 “有意识地开始”,主语多为人。
【用法对比】多数情况下可互换,但主语是物(如机器)或描述 “突然开始” 时,常用 start to do;表 “主动开启习惯 / 动作” 时,常用 start doing。
【用法示例】
The rain started to fall at 7 p.m.(晚上 7 点开始下雨了。/ 主语是物,用 to do)
He started learning English when he was 5.(他 5 岁时开始学英语。/ 主动开启,用 doing)
57. 表示 “允许” 的短语
allow doing sth.:允许做某事(允许某个动作发生)。
allow sb. to do sth.:允许某人做某事(允许特定对象做动作)。
【用法对比】前者强调 “动作本身被允许”,后者强调 “特定人被允许做动作”,结构上前者无宾语,后者需接 “sb.”。
【用法示例】
The school doesn’t allow running in the hallway.(学校不允许在走廊里跑。/ 允许动作)
Teachers allow students to ask questions in class.(老师允许学生在课堂上提问。/ 允许某人做动作)
58. 表示 “拒绝” 的短语
refuse to do sth.:拒绝做某事,语气较直接,主语是人。
turn down:拒绝(请求、邀请等),也可表 “调低(音量)”。
【用法对比】refuse 仅表 “拒绝做动作”,后接 “to do”;turn down 侧重 “拒绝请求 / 邀请”,后接名词(如 invitation, request),还可表 “调低”。
【用法示例】
He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮我。)
She turned down his invitation to the party.(她拒绝了他的派对邀请。)
Please turn down the music.(请把音乐调小。)
59. 表示 “害怕” 的短语
be afraid of doing sth.:害怕做某事(担心动作带来的后果)。
be afraid to do sth.:害怕做某事(因 “恐惧” 不敢做动作)。
【用法对比】be afraid of doing 表 “担心结果”(如怕出错、怕有危险);be afraid to do 表 “因恐惧不敢行动”(如怕黑不敢出门)。
【用法示例】
She is afraid of making mistakes in English.(她怕在英语上出错。/ 担心结果)
He is afraid to go out alone at night.(他害怕晚上独自出门。/ 因恐惧不敢做)
60. 表示 “擅长” 的短语
be good at doing sth.:擅长做某事,口语和书面语通用,应用范围广。
do well in:在…… 方面做得好,与 be good at 含义相近,可互换,尤其在描述 “学科、考试” 等场景时更常用。
【用法对比】二者核心含义一致,be good at 后接动名词,do well in 后接名词或动名词;do well in 更侧重 “具体领域的表现好”,be good at 更侧重 “长期具备的能力”。
【用法示例】
She is good at playing the piano.(她擅长弹钢琴。/ 长期能力)
He does well in math exams.(他数学考试考得好。/ 具体领域表现)
61. fall系列
fall behind:落后。
fall down:倒下;滑倒。
【用法对比】fall behind 指在进度、成绩等方面落后于他人,fall down 指人或物体摔倒、倒下。
【用法示例】
If you don't study hard, you will fall behind.(如果你不努力学习,你就会落后。)
The little boy fell down and hurt his knee.(小男孩摔倒了,伤了膝盖。)
62. call系列
call on:号召;拜访(某人)。
call at:拜访(某地)。
【用法对比】call on 后接人,表示拜访某人或号召某人做某事,call at 后接地点,表示到某地拜访。
【用法示例】
The teacher called on us to study hard.(老师号召我们努力学习。)
We called at his house yesterday.(我们昨天去他家拜访了。)
63. pick系列
pick up:捡起;接载;学会。
pick out:挑选;取出。
【用法对比】pick up 有多种含义,根据语境不同而不同,pick out 主要指从多个事物中挑选出特定的事物。
【用法示例】
Pick up the book on the floor.(捡起地上的书。)
She picked out a beautiful dress for the party.(她为派对挑选了一件漂亮的连衣裙。)
64. come系列
come over:过来;顺便来访。
visit:访问;参观,较正式。
【用法对比】come over 更口语化,强调顺便过来,visit 则可指正式的访问或参观某地、某人。
【用法示例】
Come over to my house this weekend.(这个周末来我家吧。)
We visited the museum last week.(我们上周参观了博物馆。)
65. get系列
get into:陷入;参与。
get out of:离开;从……出来。
【用法对比】get into 表示进入某种状态或参与某事,get out of 表示摆脱某种状态或从某个地方出来。
【用法示例】
Don't get into trouble.(不要陷入麻烦。)
He got out of the car and walked into the building.(他从车里出来,走进了大楼。)
66. look系列
look up to:尊敬;仰慕。
look down upon:瞧不起;看低。
【用法对比】look up to 表示对某人尊敬、敬仰,look down upon 表示对某人或某事持有轻蔑的态度。
【用法示例】
We should look up to those who have made great contributions to society.(我们应该尊敬那些为社会做出巨大贡献的人。)
Don't look down upon others because of their poverty.(不要因为别人贫穷而瞧不起他们。)
67. come系列
come along:跟随;一道去;进展。
go along:沿着……走;赞同。
【用法对比】come along 有跟随、一起去的意思,也可表示进展情况,go along 主要表示沿着某个方向走或赞同某人的观点。
【用法示例】
Come along with me.(跟我来。)
Go along this street and you will find the school.(沿着这条街走,你会找到学校。)
68. get系列
get on with:与……和睦相处;进展。
get along with:与……相处,更强调关系融洽。
【用法对比】二者意思相近,都可表示与人相处的情况,get on with 还可表示事情的进展。
【用法示例】
He gets on well with his classmates.(他和他的同学相处得很好。)
How are you getting along with your work?(你的工作进展得怎么样?)
69. put系列
put through:使经受(磨炼、痛苦等);接通(电话)。
connect:连接;联系,较通用。
【用法对比】put through 侧重于使某人经历某种困难或接通电话,connect 则更广泛地表示连接事物或建立联系。
【用法示例】
The war put the people through a lot of suffering.(战争使人们经受了很多苦难。)
Can you connect me to the manager?(你能帮我接通经理的电话吗?)
实战演练
单项选择
1.The children are looking forward ________ the famous teacher.
A.meet B.meeting C.to meeting D.to meet
2.Jenny was upset because her brother broke her favorite vase. To ________, he offered to buy her a new one.
A.make it up B.make up for C.make it out D.make it over
3.He is used to _________ the rubbish when he sees it on the floor.
A.getting up B.putting up C.picking up D.looking up
4.It’s so hot in the room. Please _________ your coat.
A.take off B.put off C.take on D.put on
5.—We need to ________ the classroom before the teacher comes.
—You’re right. It is a little dirty.
A.stay up B.get up C.set up D.clean up
6.Sarah, can you help me ________ the picture on the wall?
A.wait for B.put up C.play with D.talk to
7.As the zoo keeper takes good care of the sick deer, it ________ at least ten pounds these days.
A.looks up B.puts off C.puts on D.gives up
8.The city ________ be dirty, but now it is very clean.
A.is used to B.is used C.was used to D.used to
9.—What do you think of Huawei’s new three-fold phone?
—I ________ its style, but I ________ not choose it because of its price.
A.would rather; prefer B.prefer; prefer
C.would rather; would rather D.prefer; would rather
10.—I am so tired, Dad! Let’s stop ________ a rest.
—Good idea! Let’s stop ________ now.
A.to have; to run B.to have; running C.having; to run D.having; running
11.She ________ her plan even when others doubted her.
A.stuck with B.stuck to C.stuck on D.stuck for
12.—I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A.find out B.to find out C.finding out D.found out
13.—Life is full of ups and downs. I think we should learn to control our moods and ________ in difficult situations.
—I can’t agree more.
A.calm down B.break down C.take down D.go down
14.This cartoon always makes me ________.
A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughing D.laughed
15.— I’m worried about leaving my friends and going to a new school.
— Take it easy. I’m sure you’ll ________ your classmates if you are friendly to them.
A.get along with B.catch up with C.come up with D.get up with
16.—When will you ________ our school basketball match?
—Next month.
A.take part in B.put on C.wait for D.get up
17.You’d better ________ the questions carefully first when having a test.
A.look for B.look after C.look through D.look up
18.—My grandma used to ________ in the countryside.
—Oh. So did my grandma.
A.live B.lives C.living D.lived
19.Good learners aren’t afraid ________ mistakes. Instead, they learn ________ mistakes.
A.of making; from B.of making; in C.to making; from D.to make; at
20.This house is too expensive. We suggest ________ that small one.
A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.to buying
21.—Can we ________ a date for the next meeting?
—No problem.
A.agree B.agree to C.agree with D.agree on
22.________ the blackboard, please.
A.See B.Look at C.Watch D.Read
23.—Alex, what time do you usually ________?
—At 7:00. Then I have breakfast.
A.get dressed B.get up C.go to bed D.go home
24.—Pass me a pen please, Amy. I need to ________ a phone number.
—Here you are, Mary.
A.look after B.write down C.cut down D.run after
25.Lucy wants ________ the Chess Club because she can ________ chess well.
A.to join; plays B.joins; play C.to join; play D.join; play
26.The school ________ free textbooks ________ all students.
A.provides; with B.provides; on
C.provides; to D.provided; with
27.The doctor ________ him ________ more exercise to stay healthy.
A.suggested; to take B.advised; to take
C.advised; taking D.suggested; take
28.My cousin ________ in the countryside, but now he lives in Beijing.
A.used to live B.use to live C.is used to living D.uses to live
29.More and more people can live _________ be 100 years old in the future.
A.in B.to C.on D.at
30.Lucy ________ stay at home and read books ________ go out to play games on rainy days.
A.would rather; than B.prefers; to C.likes; better than D.would like; than
31.—Tom promised to help me with my math homework, but he didn’t show up yesterday.
—What a pity! He really________you ________.
A.turned; down B.let; down C.wrote; down D.cut; down
32.As a new pet owner, you need to ________ your pet’s needs so that it could stay healthy and happy.
A.get on with B.come up with C.look forward to D.pay attention to
33.—Could you ________ to my home this weekend, Mike?
—Either day is OK. I am available these days.
A.come true B.come out C.come over D.come in
34.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”?
—Let me ________ the words in the new dictionary.
A.look at B.look for C.look up D.look after
35.—She has ________ five kilograms.
—Yes, I think she has to eat less than before.
A.put out B.put off C.put away D.put on
36.Peter is crazy about Chinese culture and he has kept on ________ it for several years.
A.working on B.putting on
C.getting on D.turning on
37.Two kids ________ each other in the yard, never feeling bored.
A.run away B.run after C.look after D.belong to
38.My brother ________ be lazy, but now he works as hard as his role model, a famous scientist.
A.is used to B.get used to C.uses to D.used to
39.The charity ________ warm clothes and books ________ children in mountain areas every winter.
A.provides; for B.provides; with C.provide; to D.provide; for
40.—During the summer vacation, what ________ you most?
—To be honest, I was ________ about my homework throughout the holiday.
A.worried; worried B.worry; worrying C.worries; worried D.were worried; worries
41.In June 2024, the 4th Xinhua Cup Student Robot Competition ________ in Kunming.
A.broke up B.took place C.look out D.put off
42.The grand military parade on (大阅兵) 10th September made all Chinese people ________ our country’s strength. It also made ________ clear that we love peace.
A.feel; it B.to feel; that C.feeling; this D.felt; them
43.— Ben, you should ________ these books after you read them.
— OK, mom.
A.get over B.bring up C.turn off D.put away
44.My radio didn’t work yesterday. I read the instructions carefully and ________ what was wrong with it.
A.found out B.tried out C.made up D.looked up
45.Humans are likely to ________ 150 years in the future.
A.look up to B.live up to C.catch up to D.hold up to
46.Many creative and environmentally minded people have _______ a way called “upcycling” to take an unwanted item into something useful.
A.come up with B.caught up with C.got along with D.worked closely with
47.—Did he agree to go with you?
—He didn’t answer. Instead, he ________ and left the room.
A.turned out B.turned around C.turned up D.turned into
48.—Look! Fred is ________ his keys.
—Yes, but he can’t find them anywhere.
A.looking at B.looking for C.looking after D.looking up
49.You can ________ some sugar ________ the coffee to make it sweeter.
A.add; to B.add; up C.put; on D.put; on
50.—Can you help me ________ my English?
—Sure, no problem.
A.with B.for C.to D.on
51.To save energy, the school ________ old lights ________ LED ones last month.
A.replaced; with B.replaced; for C.changed; from D.threw; away
52.—The boxes look heavy. Can I help you?
—Thank you! Tom already ________ carry them for me.
A.offered to B.decided to C.agreed to D.refused to
53.Would you like to ________ an organization to help disabled people?
A.put up B.fix up C.set up D.give up
54.If you don’t come to class, you’ll ________ in your studies.
A.be filled with B.make progress C.set up D.fall behind
55.—Chinese people ________ use chopsticks while Americans ________ knives and forks.
—Different cultures make it.
A.prefer to; would rather B.would rather; prefer to
C.would rather; prefer D.prefer; would rather
2
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!
6 / 8
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
03.中考英语常用动词搭配析与练
素材积累
中考英语常用动词搭配析与练
1. look系列
look for:寻找,强调寻找的过程。
find:找到,强调寻找的结果。
【用法对比】look for 侧重动作过程,find 侧重动作的结果。
【用法示例】
I'm looking for my pen, but I can't find it.(我在找我的钢笔,但我找不到它。)
2. look at
look at:看……,强调看的动作对象。
see:看见,强调看的结果。
【用法对比】look at 是主动去看某个具体对象,see 是眼睛接收到视觉信息。
【用法示例】
Look at the blackboard, please.(请看黑板。)
I can see a bird in the tree.(我能看见树上有一只鸟。)
3. come系列
come across:偶然遇见或发现。
meet:遇见,可指偶然遇见,也可指事先安排的见面。
【用法对比】come across 更强调偶然性,meet 用法更广泛。
【用法示例】
I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.(我昨天在街上偶然遇见了一位老朋友。)
I will meet my teacher at the school gate.(我将在学校门口和我的老师见面。)
4. get系列
get up:起床;站起。
wake up:睡醒;醒来;唤醒。
【用法对比】get up 强调从床上起来的动作,wake up 强调从睡眠状态到清醒状态。
【用法示例】
I usually get up at 6:30 in the morning.(我通常早上6:30起床。)
Please wake me up at 6 o'clock.(请在6点钟叫醒我。)
5. get系列
get on:上车。
get off:下车。
【用法对比】二者是相反的动作,分别表示登上和离开交通工具。
【用法示例】
The bus is coming. Let's get on.(公共汽车来了。我们上车吧。)
We got off the train at Beijing Station.(我们在北京站下了火车。)
6. give系列
give away:捐赠;泄露。
give out:分发;散发。
【用法对比】give away 侧重于把东西送给别人或泄露秘密等,give out 主要指分发物品或发出某种信号等。
【用法示例】
She gave away all her old clothes to the poor.(她把所有的旧衣服都捐赠给了穷人。)
The teacher gave out the test papers.(老师分发了试卷。)
7. make系列
make up:编造(故事、谎言等);化妆;组成。
make up of:由……组成。
【用法对比】make up 有多种含义,根据语境不同而不同,make up of 强调由哪些部分组成整体。
【用法示例】
Don't make up stories.(不要编造故事。)
The class is made up of 40 students.(这个班级由40名学生组成。)
8. put系列
put on:穿上;上演;增加(体重)。
wear:穿着,强调穿着的状态。
【用法对比】put on 强调穿的动作,wear 强调穿着的状态。
【用法示例】
Put on your coat. It's cold outside.(穿上你的外套。外面很冷。)
She always wears a red dress.(她总是穿着一件红色的连衣裙。)
9. put系列
put off:推迟。
put away:放好;收拾。
【用法对比】put off 表示把事情往后推,put away 表示把物品放置到合适的地方。
【用法示例】
We have to put off the meeting because of the rain.(因为下雨,我们不得不推迟会议。)
Put away your books before you go to bed.(睡觉前把你的书放好。)
10. take系列
take off:起飞;脱掉。
take out:切除;摘除;带走。
【用法对比】take off 用于飞机起飞或脱掉衣物等,take out 侧重于取出、拿出或切除某物。
【用法示例】
The plane took off on time.(飞机准时起飞了。)Can you take out the trash for me?(你能帮我把垃圾拿出去吗?)
11. take系列
take care of:照顾。
look after:照顾;照看。
【用法对比】二者意思相近,都表示对人或物进行照料。
【用法示例】
He takes good care of his mother.(他把他的母亲照顾得很好。)
Please look after my pet dog while I'm away.(我不在的时候,请照顾我的宠物狗。)
12. turn系列
turn on:打开(电器、设备等)。
turn off:关掉(电器、设备等)。
【用法对比】turn on 和 turn off 是相反的动作,分别表示开启和关闭电器等。
【用法示例】
Turn on the light, please.(请打开灯。)
Don't forget to turn off the TV when you leave.(你离开的时候别忘了关掉电视。)
13. turn系列
turn up:调高(音量等);出现。
turn down:调低(音量等);拒绝。
【用法对比】turn up 和 turn down 都与调节音量等有关,同时 turn up 还有出现的意思,turn down 有拒绝的意思。
【用法示例】
Turn up the radio. I like this song.(把收音机音量调大。我喜欢这首歌。)
She turned down his invitation.(她拒绝了他的邀请。)
14. come系列
come true:实现。
realize:实现;意识到。
【用法对比】come true 通常指梦想、愿望等实现,realize 不仅有实现的意思,还可表示意识到某种情况。
【用法示例】
My dream has come true.(我的梦想实现了。)
He realized his mistake.(他意识到了自己的错误。)
15. get系列
get used to:习惯于。
be used to:习惯于。
【用法对比】二者意思相同,get used to 强调逐渐习惯的过程,be used to 强调习惯的状态。
【用法示例】
He gets used to getting up early.(他逐渐习惯了早起。)
She is used to living in the countryside.(她习惯了住在农村。)
16. look系列
look through:浏览;翻阅。
read:阅读,强调认真地看并理解内容。
【用法对比】look through 侧重于快速地查看,read 侧重于深入地阅读。
【用法示例】
I looked through the newspaper quickly.(我快速地浏览了一下报纸。)
He reads a lot of books every month.(他每个月都读很多书。)
17. look系列
look up:查阅(字典、资料等);抬头看。
search for:搜索;寻找,更强调在大量信息中查找。
【用法对比】look up 主要指在参考资料中查找信息,search for 则更广泛地指寻找任何事物。
【用法示例】
We often look up new words in the dictionary.(我们经常在字典里查阅新单词。)
They are searching for the missing child.(他们正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。)
18. come系列
come back:回来;想起来。
return:回来;归还,较正式。
【用法对比】come back 更口语化,return 既可表示回来,又可表示归还。
【用法示例】
He came back home late last night.(他昨晚很晚才回家。)
Please return my book on time.(请按时归还我的书。)
19. get系列
get back:回来;返回。
go back:回去,强调回到原来的地方。
【用法对比】get back 强调从别处回到说话者所在的地方,go back 强调回到某个特定的地方。
【用法示例】
When will you get back?(你什么时候回来?)
He went back to his hometown last week.(他上周回到了他的家乡。)
20. put系列
put down:记下;放下。
write down:写下,更强调用书写的方式记录。
【用法对比】put down 可指放下物体或记录信息,write down 主要指写下文字。
【用法示例】
Put down your pen and listen to me.(放下你的笔,听我说。)
Please write down your name on the paper.(请在纸上写下你的名字。)
21. take系列
take after:(外貌或行为)像。
look like:看起来像,侧重于外貌。
【用法对比】take after 不仅可指外貌,还可指行为、性格等方面像,look like 主要指外貌相似。
【用法示例】
She takes after her mother in character.(她在性格上像她的母亲。)
He looks like his father.(他看起来像他的父亲。)
22. turn系列
turn around:转身;调头。
turn back:(使)返回;(使)折回。
【用法对比】turn around 强调身体或物体的方向转变,turn back 更强调返回原来的地方或状态。
【用法示例】
He turned around and saw me.(他转过身来看见了我。)
We had to turn back because of the bad weather.(因为天气不好,我们不得不返回。)
23. break系列
break down:(机器)故障;(谈判)失败;(身体)垮掉。
break out:(战争、火灾等)突然发生,爆发。
【用法对比】break down 侧重于事物本身出现问题或失败,break out 侧重于不好的事情突然发生。
【用法示例】
The car broke down on the way to work.(汽车在上班的路上出故障了。)
A fire broke out in the building last night.(昨晚大楼里发生了火灾。)
24. set系列
set out:出发;开始。
set off:出发;引发。
【用法对比】set out 和 set off 都有出发的意思,set off 还可表示引发某种情况。
【用法示例】
They set out for the journey early in the morning.(他们一大早就出发去旅行了。)
The bomb set off a chain reaction.(炸弹引发了连锁反应。)
25. cut系列
cut down:砍倒;削减。
cut off:切断;中断。
【用法对比】cut down 主要指砍倒树木或减少数量、程度等,cut off 侧重于切断联系、供应等。
【用法示例】
Don't cut down the trees.(不要砍倒树木。)
The earthquake cut off the electricity supply.(地震切断了电力供应。)
26. 表示 “到达” 的短语
arrive in:到达(大地点,如城市、国家)。
arrive at:到达(小地点,如车站、学校)。
reach:到达(及物动词,直接接地点,不分大小)。
【用法对比】三者均表 “到达”,arrive 需搭配介词区分地点规模,reach 无需介词直接接宾语。
【用法示例】
She arrived in Paris yesterday.(她昨天抵达巴黎。)
We arrived at the station at 8 a.m.(我们早上 8 点到了车站。)
They reached the village before dark.(他们天黑前到了村子。)
27. 表示 “借” 的短语
borrow:借入,非延续性动词,搭配 “from sb.”。
lend:借出,非延续性动词,搭配 “to sb.”。
keep:保留(表 “借用” 时为延续性动词,可接时间段)。
【用法对比】borrow/lend 强调瞬间动作且方向相反,keep 强调持续状态。
【用法示例】
I borrowed a pen from her.(我向她借了一支笔。)
She lent her bike to me.(她把自行车借给了我。)
You can keep the book for two weeks.(这本书你可以借两周。)
28. 表示 “穿” 的短语
dress:给…… 穿衣服,宾语通常是人,搭配 “dress sb.”。
put on:穿上,强调动作,宾语是衣物。
wear:穿着,强调状态,宾语可接衣物、饰品等。
【用法对比】dress 侧重 “给人穿衣” 的动作,put on 侧重 “穿衣” 的瞬间动作,wear 侧重 “穿着” 的持续状态。
【用法示例】
The mother is dressing her baby.(妈妈正在给宝宝穿衣服。)
Put on your coat—it’s cold.(穿上外套,天很冷。)
She wears glasses every day.(她每天都戴眼镜。)
29. 表示 “参加” 的短语
join:加入(组织、团体,成为成员)。
take part in:参加(活动、比赛,强调参与过程)。
attend:出席(会议、讲座等正式场合)。
【用法对比】join 侧重 “成为成员”,take part in 侧重 “参与活动”,attend 侧重 “出席仪式性场合”。
【用法示例】
He joined the music club last month.(他上个月加入了音乐俱乐部。)
We will take part in the sports meet.(我们将参加运动会。)
She attended an important meeting yesterday.(她昨天出席了一场重要会议。)
30. 表示 “拿 / 带” 的短语
bring:带来,从别处拿到说话者所在地。
take:带走,从说话者所在地拿到别处。
carry:搬运,不强调方向,侧重负重动作。
【用法对比】bring/take 方向相反,carry 无方向侧重,仅表 “搬运” 动作。
【用法示例】
Bring your homework tomorrow.(明天把作业带来。)
Take this bag to the room.(把这个包拿到房间去。)
He carried the heavy box upstairs.(他把重箱子搬上了楼。)
31. 表示 “说” 的短语
speak:说(某种语言),强调说话能力或方式。
say:说,强调说话内容,接直接 / 间接引语。
talk:交谈,强调双方对话,搭配 “talk to/with sb.”。
【用法对比】speak 侧重语言能力,say 侧重内容,talk 侧重互动交流。
【用法示例】
She speaks English fluently.(她英语说得很流利。)
He said he would come back.(他说他会回来。)
They are talking about the film.(他们在谈论那部电影。)
32. go 系列
go on:继续(做某事),搭配 “doing sth./with sth.”。
go over:复习;检查,侧重对内容的回顾或核对。
【用法对比】go on 强调动作的延续性,go over 强调对已有内容的重复梳理。
【用法示例】
They went on working despite the rain.(尽管下雨,他们仍继续工作。)
We must go over the lessons before the exam.(考试前我们必须复习功课。)
33. give 系列
give up:放弃,后接名词或动名词。
give in:屈服;让步,常搭配 “to sb./sth.”。
【用法对比】give up 侧重主动停止做某事,give in 侧重被迫向对方妥协。
【用法示例】
He never gives up learning new things.(他从不放弃学习新事物。)
She finally gave in to his request.(她最终屈服于他的请求。)
34. break 系列
break into:闯入;强行进入(某地)。
break out:(战争、火灾等)突然发生,无被动语态。
【用法对比】break into 强调 “侵入” 的动作,宾语多为地点;break out 强调 “爆发” 的突发性,主语多为灾难类名词。
【用法示例】
Thieves broke into the house last night.(小偷昨晚闯入了房子。)
A fire broke out in the factory.(工厂里发生了火灾。)
35. come 系列
come out:出版;出现,可指作品发行或事物显露。
come up:发生;被提出,指问题或话题意外出现。
【用法对比】come out 侧重 “公开 / 显露的结果”,come up 侧重 “临时出现的过程”。
【用法示例】
His new book came out last month.(他的新书上个月出版了。)
A new problem came up in the meeting.(会议上提出了一个新问题。)
36. take 系列
take care:小心;注意,单独使用或搭配 “of”。
take care of:照顾;照料,后接人或物。
【用法对比】take care 是提醒注意的短句,take care of 强调具体的照料动作。
【用法示例】
Take care when crossing the road.(过马路时小心。)
She takes care of her grandma every day.(她每天照顾奶奶。)
37. look 系列
look out:当心;留神,用于提醒危险,后接 “for sth.” 表 “留意某物”。
look forward to:期待,“to” 为介词,后接动名词。
【用法对比】look out 是警示用语,look forward to 是表达主观期待的短语。
【用法示例】
Look out! There’s a car coming.(当心!有车过来了。)
I’m looking forward to seeing you.(我期待见到你。)
38. be made 系列
be made of:由…… 制成,能看出原材料。
be made from:由…… 制成,看不出原材料。
【用法对比】均表 “材质构成”,核心区别在于能否识别原材料。
【用法示例】
The table is made of wood.(这张桌子是木头做的。)
Paper is made from wood.(纸是木头做的。)
39. used 系列
used to do:过去常常做某事,表过去习惯性动作。
be used to doing:习惯于做某事,“to” 为介词。
【用法对比】used to do 强调 “过去的习惯(现在已改变)”,be used to doing 强调 “当前的习惯状态”。
【用法示例】
He used to play football after school.(他过去放学后常踢足球。)
She is used to getting up early.(她习惯早起。)
40. cut 系列
cut up:切碎;剁碎,强调将物体分成小块。
cut down:砍倒;削减,可指砍树或减少数量。
【用法对比】cut up 侧重 “分割物体”,cut down 侧重 “移除物体或减少规模”。
【用法示例】
Please cut up the vegetables.(请把蔬菜切碎。)
We should cut down on sugar.(我们应该减少糖的摄入。)
41. fall 系列
fall off:从…… 掉下来,后接具体物体。
fall asleep:入睡,强调进入睡眠状态的动作。
【用法对比】fall off 表 “物理掉落”,fall asleep 表 “生理状态变化”。
【用法示例】
The apple fell off the tree.(苹果从树上掉了下来。)
He fell asleep soon after lying down.(他躺下后很快就睡着了。)
42. give 系列
give away:捐赠;泄露,可指送物或泄密。
give back:归还,强调将物品送回原主。
【用法对比】give away 侧重 “无偿给予或泄密”,give back 侧重 “物归原主”。
【用法示例】
She gave away her old toys to charity.(她把旧玩具捐赠给了慈善机构。)
Please give back the book tomorrow.(明天请把书还回来。)
43. turn 系列
turn into:变成;转变为,强调状态或形态的改变。
turn over:翻转;移交,可指物体翻转或权力移交。
【用法对比】turn into 侧重 “本质变化”,turn over 侧重 “位置翻转或责任转移”。
【用法示例】
The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.(毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。)
He turned over the document to the police.(他把文件移交给了警察。)
44. set 系列
set up:建立;设立,后接组织、机构等。
set out:出发;开始,搭配 “to do sth.” 表 “着手做某事”。
【用法对比】set up 侧重 “创建实体”,set out 侧重 “行动的开始”。
【用法示例】
They set up a new company last year.(他们去年成立了一家新公司。)
She set out to finish the work on time.(她着手按时完成工作。)
45. hear 系列
hear of:听说,侧重间接得知某事。
hear from:收到…… 的来信 / 消息,后接人。
【用法对比】hear of 表 “知晓某事”,hear from 表 “收到某人的具体消息”。
【用法示例】
I’ve never heard of this place.(我从没听说过这个地方。)
I heard from my sister yesterday.(我昨天收到了姐姐的来信。)
46. keep 系列
keep on:继续做某事,强调动作的持续不间断。
keep away:远离,搭配 “from sth.” 表 “避开某物”。
【用法对比】keep on 侧重 “动作延续”,keep away 侧重 “空间或关系上的远离”。
【用法示例】
He kept on talking though no one listened.(尽管没人听,他还是继续说。)
Keep away from the hot stove.(离热炉子远点。)
47. make 系列
make sure:确保;查明,后接从句或 “of sth.”。
make up:编造;化妆,根据语境表不同含义。
【用法对比】make sure 侧重 “确认事实”,make up 侧重 “虚构内容或修饰外观”。
【用法示例】
Make sure you lock the door.(确保你锁了门。)
She made up a story to explain her absence.(她编造了一个故事解释缺席原因。)
48. put 系列
put up:张贴;搭建,可指贴海报或建房屋。
put down:放下;记下,既表动作也表记录。
【用法对比】put up 侧重 “向上放置或搭建”,put down 侧重 “向下放置或记录”。
【用法示例】
They put up posters around the school.(他们在学校周围贴海报。)
Put down your pen and listen carefully.(放下笔,认真听。)
49. come 系列
come up with:想出;提出,后接主意、计划等。
come along:跟随;进展,可指伴随他人或事情发展。
【用法对比】come up with 侧重 “创造新想法”,come along 侧重 “伴随或进展状态”。
【用法示例】
She came up with a good idea.(她想出了一个好主意。)
How is your project coming along?(你的项目进展如何?)
50. take 系列
take place:发生;举行,无被动语态,指有计划的事件。
take care of:照顾;处理,可指照料人或应对事务。
【用法对比】take place 表 “事件发生”,take care of 表 “主动照料或处理”。
【用法示例】
The meeting will take place next Monday.(会议将于下周一举行。)
He takes care of all the company’s affairs.(他负责处理公司的所有事务。)
51. 表示 “花费” 的短语
spend:花费(时间 / 金钱),主语是人,搭配 “spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth./(in) doing sth.”。
cost:花费(金钱),主语是物,无被动语态,搭配 “sth. cost sb. + 金钱”。
take:花费(时间),主语多为 it,常用 “It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.” 句型。
【用法对比】spend 主语是人且可接时间 / 金钱,cost 主语是物且仅接金钱,take 主语多为 it 且仅接时间。
【用法示例】
She spends two hours on English every day.(她每天花两小时学英语。)
The book cost me 20 yuan.(这本书花了我 20 元。)
It takes him 10 minutes to walk to school.(他步行去学校要 10 分钟。)
52. 表示 “停止” 的短语
stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事。
stop to do sth.:停下来去做另一件事。
【用法对比】核心区别在 “doing” 表 “正在进行的动作”,“to do” 表 “要开始的新动作”。
【用法示例】
He stopped watching TV when his mom came back.(妈妈回来时,他停止了看电视。
)They stopped to have a rest after walking for an hour.(走了一小时后,他们停下来休息。)
53. 表示 “忘记” 的短语
forget to do sth.:忘记要做某事(事情未做)。
forget doing sth.:忘记做过某事(事情已做)。
【用法对比】“to do” 表 “未发生的动作”,“doing” 表 “已发生的动作”,侧重动作是否完成。
【用法示例】
Don’t forget to turn off the light.(别忘了关灯。/ 灯还没关)I forgot meeting him before.(我忘了以前见过他。/ 见过他的事已发生)
54. 表示 “记得” 的短语
remember to do sth.:记得要做某事(事情未做)。
remember doing sth.:记得做过某事(事情已做)。
【用法对比】与 “forget” 用法对应,“to do” 表 “待完成”,“doing” 表 “已完成”。
【用法示例】
Remember to bring your ID card tomorrow.(记得明天带身份证。/ 还没带)
I remember seeing this film last year.(我记得去年看过这部电影。/ 已看过)
55. 表示 “希望” 的短语
hope to do sth.:希望做某事,不可接 “hope sb. to do sth.”。
wish to do sth.:希望做某事;也可接 “wish sb. to do sth.”(希望某人做某事),还可接虚拟语气表 “难以实现的愿望”。
【用法对比】hope 表 “现实的希望”,无 “hope sb. to do” 结构;wish 可表 “现实希望” 或 “虚拟愿望”,可接 “wish sb. to do”。
【用法示例】
I hope to visit Beijing next year.(我希望明年去北京旅游。)
She wishes her son to study hard.(她希望儿子努力学习。)
I wish I could fly.(我希望我能飞。/ 虚拟,难以实现)
56. 表示 “开始” 的短语
start to do sth.:开始做某事,可用于各种语境,尤其主语是物时。
start doing sth.:开始做某事,更强调 “有意识地开始”,主语多为人。
【用法对比】多数情况下可互换,但主语是物(如机器)或描述 “突然开始” 时,常用 start to do;表 “主动开启习惯 / 动作” 时,常用 start doing。
【用法示例】
The rain started to fall at 7 p.m.(晚上 7 点开始下雨了。/ 主语是物,用 to do)
He started learning English when he was 5.(他 5 岁时开始学英语。/ 主动开启,用 doing)
57. 表示 “允许” 的短语
allow doing sth.:允许做某事(允许某个动作发生)。
allow sb. to do sth.:允许某人做某事(允许特定对象做动作)。
【用法对比】前者强调 “动作本身被允许”,后者强调 “特定人被允许做动作”,结构上前者无宾语,后者需接 “sb.”。
【用法示例】
The school doesn’t allow running in the hallway.(学校不允许在走廊里跑。/ 允许动作)
Teachers allow students to ask questions in class.(老师允许学生在课堂上提问。/ 允许某人做动作)
58. 表示 “拒绝” 的短语
refuse to do sth.:拒绝做某事,语气较直接,主语是人。
turn down:拒绝(请求、邀请等),也可表 “调低(音量)”。
【用法对比】refuse 仅表 “拒绝做动作”,后接 “to do”;turn down 侧重 “拒绝请求 / 邀请”,后接名词(如 invitation, request),还可表 “调低”。
【用法示例】
He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮我。)
She turned down his invitation to the party.(她拒绝了他的派对邀请。)
Please turn down the music.(请把音乐调小。)
59. 表示 “害怕” 的短语
be afraid of doing sth.:害怕做某事(担心动作带来的后果)。
be afraid to do sth.:害怕做某事(因 “恐惧” 不敢做动作)。
【用法对比】be afraid of doing 表 “担心结果”(如怕出错、怕有危险);be afraid to do 表 “因恐惧不敢行动”(如怕黑不敢出门)。
【用法示例】
She is afraid of making mistakes in English.(她怕在英语上出错。/ 担心结果)
He is afraid to go out alone at night.(他害怕晚上独自出门。/ 因恐惧不敢做)
60. 表示 “擅长” 的短语
be good at doing sth.:擅长做某事,口语和书面语通用,应用范围广。
do well in:在…… 方面做得好,与 be good at 含义相近,可互换,尤其在描述 “学科、考试” 等场景时更常用。
【用法对比】二者核心含义一致,be good at 后接动名词,do well in 后接名词或动名词;do well in 更侧重 “具体领域的表现好”,be good at 更侧重 “长期具备的能力”。
【用法示例】
She is good at playing the piano.(她擅长弹钢琴。/ 长期能力)
He does well in math exams.(他数学考试考得好。/ 具体领域表现)
61. fall系列
fall behind:落后。
fall down:倒下;滑倒。
【用法对比】fall behind 指在进度、成绩等方面落后于他人,fall down 指人或物体摔倒、倒下。
【用法示例】
If you don't study hard, you will fall behind.(如果你不努力学习,你就会落后。)
The little boy fell down and hurt his knee.(小男孩摔倒了,伤了膝盖。)
62. call系列
call on:号召;拜访(某人)。
call at:拜访(某地)。
【用法对比】call on 后接人,表示拜访某人或号召某人做某事,call at 后接地点,表示到某地拜访。
【用法示例】
The teacher called on us to study hard.(老师号召我们努力学习。)
We called at his house yesterday.(我们昨天去他家拜访了。)
63. pick系列
pick up:捡起;接载;学会。
pick out:挑选;取出。
【用法对比】pick up 有多种含义,根据语境不同而不同,pick out 主要指从多个事物中挑选出特定的事物。
【用法示例】
Pick up the book on the floor.(捡起地上的书。)
She picked out a beautiful dress for the party.(她为派对挑选了一件漂亮的连衣裙。)
64. come系列
come over:过来;顺便来访。
visit:访问;参观,较正式。
【用法对比】come over 更口语化,强调顺便过来,visit 则可指正式的访问或参观某地、某人。
【用法示例】
Come over to my house this weekend.(这个周末来我家吧。)
We visited the museum last week.(我们上周参观了博物馆。)
65. get系列
get into:陷入;参与。
get out of:离开;从……出来。
【用法对比】get into 表示进入某种状态或参与某事,get out of 表示摆脱某种状态或从某个地方出来。
【用法示例】
Don't get into trouble.(不要陷入麻烦。)
He got out of the car and walked into the building.(他从车里出来,走进了大楼。)
66. look系列
look up to:尊敬;仰慕。
look down upon:瞧不起;看低。
【用法对比】look up to 表示对某人尊敬、敬仰,look down upon 表示对某人或某事持有轻蔑的态度。
【用法示例】
We should look up to those who have made great contributions to society.(我们应该尊敬那些为社会做出巨大贡献的人。)
Don't look down upon others because of their poverty.(不要因为别人贫穷而瞧不起他们。)
67. come系列
come along:跟随;一道去;进展。
go along:沿着……走;赞同。
【用法对比】come along 有跟随、一起去的意思,也可表示进展情况,go along 主要表示沿着某个方向走或赞同某人的观点。
【用法示例】
Come along with me.(跟我来。)
Go along this street and you will find the school.(沿着这条街走,你会找到学校。)
68. get系列
get on with:与……和睦相处;进展。
get along with:与……相处,更强调关系融洽。
【用法对比】二者意思相近,都可表示与人相处的情况,get on with 还可表示事情的进展。
【用法示例】
He gets on well with his classmates.(他和他的同学相处得很好。)
How are you getting along with your work?(你的工作进展得怎么样?)
69. put系列
put through:使经受(磨炼、痛苦等);接通(电话)。
connect:连接;联系,较通用。
【用法对比】put through 侧重于使某人经历某种困难或接通电话,connect 则更广泛地表示连接事物或建立联系。
【用法示例】
The war put the people through a lot of suffering.(战争使人们经受了很多苦难。)
Can you connect me to the manager?(你能帮我接通经理的电话吗?)
实战演练
单项选择
1.The children are looking forward ________ the famous teacher.
A.meet B.meeting C.to meeting D.to meet
2.Jenny was upset because her brother broke her favorite vase. To ________, he offered to buy her a new one.
A.make it up B.make up for C.make it out D.make it over
3.He is used to _________ the rubbish when he sees it on the floor.
A.getting up B.putting up C.picking up D.looking up
4.It’s so hot in the room. Please _________ your coat.
A.take off B.put off C.take on D.put on
5.—We need to ________ the classroom before the teacher comes.
—You’re right. It is a little dirty.
A.stay up B.get up C.set up D.clean up
6.Sarah, can you help me ________ the picture on the wall?
A.wait for B.put up C.play with D.talk to
7.As the zoo keeper takes good care of the sick deer, it ________ at least ten pounds these days.
A.looks up B.puts off C.puts on D.gives up
8.The city ________ be dirty, but now it is very clean.
A.is used to B.is used C.was used to D.used to
9.—What do you think of Huawei’s new three-fold phone?
—I ________ its style, but I ________ not choose it because of its price.
A.would rather; prefer B.prefer; prefer
C.would rather; would rather D.prefer; would rather
10.—I am so tired, Dad! Let’s stop ________ a rest.
—Good idea! Let’s stop ________ now.
A.to have; to run B.to have; running C.having; to run D.having; running
11.She ________ her plan even when others doubted her.
A.stuck with B.stuck to C.stuck on D.stuck for
12.—I often watch talk shows on TV.
—I enjoy watching the news. I hope ________ what’s going on around the world.
A.find out B.to find out C.finding out D.found out
13.—Life is full of ups and downs. I think we should learn to control our moods and ________ in difficult situations.
—I can’t agree more.
A.calm down B.break down C.take down D.go down
14.This cartoon always makes me ________.
A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughing D.laughed
15.— I’m worried about leaving my friends and going to a new school.
— Take it easy. I’m sure you’ll ________ your classmates if you are friendly to them.
A.get along with B.catch up with C.come up with D.get up with
16.—When will you ________ our school basketball match?
—Next month.
A.take part in B.put on C.wait for D.get up
17.You’d better ________ the questions carefully first when having a test.
A.look for B.look after C.look through D.look up
18.—My grandma used to ________ in the countryside.
—Oh. So did my grandma.
A.live B.lives C.living D.lived
19.Good learners aren’t afraid ________ mistakes. Instead, they learn ________ mistakes.
A.of making; from B.of making; in C.to making; from D.to make; at
20.This house is too expensive. We suggest ________ that small one.
A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.to buying
21.—Can we ________ a date for the next meeting?
—No problem.
A.agree B.agree to C.agree with D.agree on
22.________ the blackboard, please.
A.See B.Look at C.Watch D.Read
23.—Alex, what time do you usually ________?
—At 7:00. Then I have breakfast.
A.get dressed B.get up C.go to bed D.go home
24.—Pass me a pen please, Amy. I need to ________ a phone number.
—Here you are, Mary.
A.look after B.write down C.cut down D.run after
25.Lucy wants ________ the Chess Club because she can ________ chess well.
A.to join; plays B.joins; play C.to join; play D.join; play
26.The school ________ free textbooks ________ all students.
A.provides; with B.provides; on
C.provides; to D.provided; with
27.The doctor ________ him ________ more exercise to stay healthy.
A.suggested; to take B.advised; to take
C.advised; taking D.suggested; take
28.My cousin ________ in the countryside, but now he lives in Beijing.
A.used to live B.use to live C.is used to living D.uses to live
29.More and more people can live _________ be 100 years old in the future.
A.in B.to C.on D.at
30.Lucy ________ stay at home and read books ________ go out to play games on rainy days.
A.would rather; than B.prefers; to C.likes; better than D.would like; than
31.—Tom promised to help me with my math homework, but he didn’t show up yesterday.
—What a pity! He really________you ________.
A.turned; down B.let; down C.wrote; down D.cut; down
32.As a new pet owner, you need to ________ your pet’s needs so that it could stay healthy and happy.
A.get on with B.come up with C.look forward to D.pay attention to
33.—Could you ________ to my home this weekend, Mike?
—Either day is OK. I am available these days.
A.come true B.come out C.come over D.come in
34.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”?
—Let me ________ the words in the new dictionary.
A.look at B.look for C.look up D.look after
35.—She has ________ five kilograms.
—Yes, I think she has to eat less than before.
A.put out B.put off C.put away D.put on
36.Peter is crazy about Chinese culture and he has kept on ________ it for several years.
A.working on B.putting on
C.getting on D.turning on
37.Two kids ________ each other in the yard, never feeling bored.
A.run away B.run after C.look after D.belong to
38.My brother ________ be lazy, but now he works as hard as his role model, a famous scientist.
A.is used to B.get used to C.uses to D.used to
39.The charity ________ warm clothes and books ________ children in mountain areas every winter.
A.provides; for B.provides; with C.provide; to D.provide; for
40.—During the summer vacation, what ________ you most?
—To be honest, I was ________ about my homework throughout the holiday.
A.worried; worried B.worry; worrying C.worries; worried D.were worried; worries
41.In June 2024, the 4th Xinhua Cup Student Robot Competition ________ in Kunming.
A.broke up B.took place C.look out D.put off
42.The grand military parade on (大阅兵) 10th September made all Chinese people ________ our country’s strength. It also made ________ clear that we love peace.
A.feel; it B.to feel; that C.feeling; this D.felt; them
43.— Ben, you should ________ these books after you read them.
— OK, mom.
A.get over B.bring up C.turn off D.put away
44.My radio didn’t work yesterday. I read the instructions carefully and ________ what was wrong with it.
A.found out B.tried out C.made up D.looked up
45.Humans are likely to ________ 150 years in the future.
A.look up to B.live up to C.catch up to D.hold up to
46.Many creative and environmentally minded people have _______ a way called “upcycling” to take an unwanted item into something useful.
A.come up with B.caught up with C.got along with D.worked closely with
47.—Did he agree to go with you?
—He didn’t answer. Instead, he ________ and left the room.
A.turned out B.turned around C.turned up D.turned into
48.—Look! Fred is ________ his keys.
—Yes, but he can’t find them anywhere.
A.looking at B.looking for C.looking after D.looking up
49.You can ________ some sugar ________ the coffee to make it sweeter.
A.add; to B.add; up C.put; on D.put; on
50.—Can you help me ________ my English?
—Sure, no problem.
A.with B.for C.to D.on
51.To save energy, the school ________ old lights ________ LED ones last month.
A.replaced; with B.replaced; for C.changed; from D.threw; away
52.—The boxes look heavy. Can I help you?
—Thank you! Tom already ________ carry them for me.
A.offered to B.decided to C.agreed to D.refused to
53.Would you like to ________ an organization to help disabled people?
A.put up B.fix up C.set up D.give up
54.If you don’t come to class, you’ll ________ in your studies.
A.be filled with B.make progress C.set up D.fall behind
55.—Chinese people ________ use chopsticks while Americans ________ knives and forks.
—Different cultures make it.
A.prefer to; would rather B.would rather; prefer to
C.would rather; prefer D.prefer; would rather
参考答案
1.C
【解析】句意:孩子们正期待着见到这位著名的老师。
考查固定搭配。look forward to是固定短语,意为“期待”,其中to是介词,后接名词或动名词形式。故选C。
2.A
【解析】句意:Jenny很伤心,因为她哥哥打破了她最喜欢的花瓶。为了补偿她,他提出给她买一个新的。
考查动词短语辨析。make it up和解,作出补偿;make up for 弥补,补偿,其后需加宾语;make it out明白,弄懂;make it over转让;改造。由语境可知,Jenny 的哥哥主动买了一个新的花瓶作为补偿,答题空后面没有宾语,排除B,故make it up符合题意。故选A。
3.C
【解析】句意:当他看到地板上有垃圾时,他习惯于捡起垃圾。
考查动词短语。getting up起床;putting up举起,张贴;picking up捡起;looking up查阅。 根据“...the rubbish when he sees it on the floor.”可知,他看到垃圾,就习惯于捡起垃圾。故选C。
4.A
【解析】句意:房间里太热了。请脱下你的外套。
考查动词短语。take off脱下,起飞;put off推迟;take on承担,呈现;put on穿上。根据“It’s so hot in the room.”可知,应该是脱掉外套。故选A。
5.D
【解析】句意:——我们需要在老师来之前打扫教室。——你说得对。它有点脏。
考查动词短语辨析。stay up熬夜;get up起床;set up建立;clean up打扫。根据“It is a little dirty.”可知,教室脏,需要打扫。故选D。
6.B
【解析】句意:萨拉,你能帮我把这幅画张贴在墙上吗?
考查动词短语辨析。wait for等待;put up张贴;play with和……玩;talk to和……交谈。根据“Sarah, can you help me ... the picture on the wall?”可知,把这幅画张贴在墙上。故选B。
7.C
【解析】句意:由于动物园管理员悉心照料这只生病的鹿,这些天它至少增重了十磅。
考查动词短语辨析。looks up查阅;puts off推迟;puts on增重;gives up放弃。根据“the zoo keeper takes good care of the sick deer”以及“at least ten pounds”可知,鹿在被悉心照料后增重了,故选C。
8.D
【解析】句意:这座城市曾经很脏,但现在很干净。
考查动词短语。is used to习惯于;is used被使用;was used to过去习惯于;used to过去常常。根据“but now it is very clean.”可知,是说过去很脏。故选D。
9.D
【解析】句意:——你觉得华为的新款三折叠手机怎么样? ——我喜欢它的款式,但因为价格问题,我宁愿不选它。
考查prefer和would rather的用法。would rather do sth.“宁愿做某事”,固定搭配;prefer“更喜欢”,及物动词,后可接名词/代词/动名词/不定式。第一空,空后为名词短语“its style”,应用prefer,排除A和C;第二空,空后为“not choose”,此处考查would rather not do sth.“宁愿不做某事”,应用“would rather”,排除B。故选D。
10.B
【解析】句意:——我很累,爸爸!我们停下来休息一下吧。——好主意!我们现在停止奔跑吧。
考查动词短语。stop to do sth表示停下来去做另一件事,stop doing sth表示停止正在做的事。第一空表示停下来去休息,用to have;第二空表示停止跑步,用running。故选B。
11.B
【解析】句意:即使当别人质疑她时,她也坚持她的计划。
考查动词短语辨析。stuck的动词原形是stick。stick with和……在一起;stick to坚持(计划、原则等);stick on粘贴在……上;stick for不是常用的固定搭配。根据“her plan even when others doubted her”可知,此处是说坚持自己的计划。故选B。
12.B
【解析】句意:——我经常在电视上看脱口秀节目。——我喜欢看新闻。我希望了解世界各地发生的事情。
考查非谓语动词用法。hope to do sth是固定搭配,表示“希望做某事”,因此这里需要用不定式形式。故选B。
13.A
【解析】句意:——生活充满了起起落落。我认为我们应该学会控制自己的情绪,在困难的情况下冷静下来。——我完全同意。
考查动词短语。calm down冷静下来;break down出故障;take down记下;go down下降。根据“we should learn to control our moods and…in difficult situations”以及选项可知,此处表达的是在困难的情况下要学会控制情绪并让自己冷静下来,故选A。
14.A
【解析】句意:这部卡通片总是让我发笑。
考查动词短语。make sb do sth让某人做某事,故选A。
15.A
【解析】句意:——我担心离开朋友去新学校。——别担心。我相信如果你对他们友好,你会和同学们相处融洽的。
考查短语辨析。get along with与……相处;catch up with赶上;come up with想出;get up with无此固定搭配。根据对话中“if you are friendly to them”的提示,说明此处应填入表示“相处”含义的短语。故选A。
16.A
【解析】句意:——你什么时候会参加我们学校的篮球比赛?——下个月。
考查动词短语辨析。take part in参加;put on穿上,上演;wait for等待;get up起床。根据答语“Next month”可知,问句询问的是参加篮球比赛的时间,因此应选用“take part in”。故选A。
17.C
【解析】句意:考试时,你最好先仔细浏览问题。
考查动词短语。look for寻找;look after照顾;look through浏览;look up查找。根据“You’d better …the questions carefully first when having a test.”的语境以及常识可知,此处强调在考试中认真审题,即考试时要先浏览问题。故选C。
18.A
【解析】句意:——我祖母习惯住在乡下。——哦。我的祖母也是。
考查非谓语动词。used to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“过去常常做某事”,因此空格处需用动词原形。live“居住”符合句意。故选A。
19.A
【解析】句意:优秀的学习者不害怕犯错。相反,他们从错误中学习。
考查介词辨析。be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事,所以第一空应用of;learn from sth. 从……中学习,所以第二空应用from。根据语境可知,此处是在描述优秀的学习者对犯错的态度以及他们如何从错误中学习,所以应该用of making和from。故选A。
20.B
【解析】句意:这个房子太贵了。我们建议买那个小的。
考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知,本句考查suggest的用法,suggest doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“建议做某事”,其中doing是动名词作宾语。因此,这里应该用buy的动名词形式buying作suggest的宾语。故选B。
21.D
【解析】句意:——我们可以为下次会议约定一个日期吗?——没问题。
考查动词短语。agree同意;agree to同意,后面常接表示建议或决定的名词;agree with同意或赞成某人的观点;agree on对……达成一致意见,其后常接名词。根据“Can we ... a date for the next meeting?”可知,是指就下次会议的日期达成一致意见,用agree on。故选D。
22.B
【解析】句意:请看黑板。
考查动词短语。See看见,强调结果;Look at看,强调动作;Watch观看,强调“观看”动态事物;Read阅读。根据“the blackboard”可知,此处指“看黑板”,强调看的动作,look at最符合语境。故选B。
23.B
【解析】句意:——亚历克斯,你通常几点起床?——在7点。然后我吃早餐。
考查动词短语。get dressed穿衣服;get up起床;go to bed去睡觉;go home回家。根据“At 7:00. Then I have breakfast.”可知,设空处是问几点起床。故选B。
24.B
【解析】句意:——请递给我一支笔,艾米。我需要记下一个电话号码。——给你,玛丽。
考查动词短语。look after照顾;write down记下;cut down砍倒;run after追赶。根据“Pass me a pen please,”及“a phone number.”可知,是指用笔记下电话号码。故选B。
25.C
【解析】句意:Lucy想要加入国际象棋俱乐部,因为她下棋很好。
考查非谓语动词和情态动词的用法。want to do sth.是固定搭配,表示“想要做某事”,所以第一个空应该用不定式to join;情态动词can后接动词原形,表示“能够做某事”,所以第二个空应该用动词原形play。结合选项可知,C选项to join; play符合题意。故选C。
26.C
【解析】句意:学校向所有学生提供免费教材。
考查动词短语。provide的固定搭配是provide sb. with sth.和provide sth. for/to sb.,都表示“为某人提供某物”。结合选项和题干可知,C选项符合,故选C。
27.B
【解析】句意:医生建议他多锻炼以保持健康。
考查动词和动词短语辨析。suggested建议,其后接动名词或从句,不能用“suggested sb. to do sth.”这个结构;advised建议,常用结构为advise sb. to do sth.,意为“建议某人做某事”。根据句子结构可知,第一空应填谓语动词,且此处是advise sb. to do sth.的结构,所以第一空应用advised,第二空应用to take。故选B。
28.A
【解析】句意:我的表弟过去住在农村,但现在他住在北京。
考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;use to do是错误用法。根据“but now he lives in Beijing”可知,空处应是介绍他以前住在乡下,用used to do sth.的结构,故选A。
29.B
【解析】句意:未来,越来越多的人能够活到100岁。
考查动词短语。live in后常接“地点”,表示“居住在某地”;live to be +具体年龄“活到……岁”,固定搭配;live on后常接“食物”或“收入来源”,表示“靠……生活”,与“年龄”无关;live at后常接“具体小地点”,表示“居住在某处”,不能与“年龄” 搭配。根据空格后“be 100 years old”可知,此处是指活到100岁,应用“live to be”。故选B。
30.A
【解析】句意:下雨天露西宁愿待在家里看书也不愿出去玩。
考查固定短语辨析。would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事;prefer doing sth. to doing sth.比起做某事更喜欢做某事;like...better than...比起……更喜欢……;would like...than...结构错误,would like后应接to do sth.,没有would like...than...的结构。根据“stay at home and read books...go out to play games”可知,此处是宁愿待在家里看书也不愿出去玩,用would rather do sth. than do sth.结构。故选A。
31.B
【解析】句意:——汤姆答应帮我做数学作业,但他昨天没来。——真遗憾!他真的让你失望了。
考查动词短语辨析。turned down拒绝;let down使……失望;wrote down写下;cut down砍倒。根据“Tom promised to help me with my math homework, but he didn’t show up yesterday.”可知,汤姆没有来帮忙,这会让对方感到失望,所以此处应该用let down,表示“使……失望”。故选B。
32.D
【解析】句意:作为一个新的宠物主人,你需要关注你的宠物的需求,以便它能够保持健康和快乐。
考查动词短语辨析。get on with与……友好相处;come up with想出,提出;look forward to盼望,期待;pay attention to关注,注意。根据语境可知,作为新宠物主人,要关注宠物的需求,所以应该用pay attention to。故选D。
33.C
【解析】句意:——迈克,这个周末你能来我家吗?——哪一天都可以。这些天我有空。
考查动词短语。come true实现;come out出版;come over顺便来访,过来;come in进来。根据“to my home”可知,此处表示“到我家来”。come over表示“短暂拜访某人的住所”,符合语境。故选C。
34.C
【解析】句意:—— “一带一路”是什么意思?—— 让我在新词典里查一下这个词。
考查动词短语。look at看;look for寻找;look up查阅;look after照顾。根据“Let me... the words in the new dictionary”可知,此处表示“查阅词典”,而“look up”专指“(在词典或参考书中)查找”,故选C。
35.D
【解析】句意:——她体重增加了五公斤。——是啊,我觉得她得比以前少吃点了。
考查动词短语辨析。put out扑灭(火)、熄灭;put off推迟、拖延;put away收拾好、储存;put on增加(体重)、穿上。根据答语“eat less than before”可知,体重增加才需要少吃点,“put on”有“增加体重”的含义,符合语境,故选D。
36.A
【解析】句意:彼得痴迷于中国文化,并且他已经坚持研究中国文化好几年了。
考查动词短语辨析。working on致力于,从事,研究;putting on穿上,戴上,上演;getting on上车(船、飞机等),进展;turning on打开(电器、水源、煤气等)。根据“Peter is crazy about Chinese culture”可知,后半句应表达他“研究”中国文化的动作,working on“从事、研究”符合语境。故选A。
37.B
【解析】句意:两个孩子在院子里互相追逐,一点也不觉得无聊。
考查动词短语辨析。run away逃跑;逃离;run after追赶;追逐;look after照顾;照料;belong to属于。根据“in the yard”和“never feeling bored”可知,孩子们在院子里追逐玩耍不会感到无聊。故选B。
38.D
【解析】句意:我哥哥过去很懒,但现在他像他的榜样——一位著名的科学家一样努力工作。
考查动词短语。be used to do被用来做;be/get used to do doing习惯于做;used to do过去常常做。根据“My brother…be lazy, but now he works as hard as his role model”可知,后文提到了现在哥哥努力工作,此处是说他过去很懒,故选D。
39.A
【解析】句意:这个慈善组织每年冬天为山区的孩子提供暖和的衣服和书。
考查动词短语。provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth表示“为某人提供某物”,第二空后面接人,因此用介词for;主语the charity是第三人称单数形式,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故选A。
40.A
【解析】句意:——在暑假期间,什么最让你担心?——说实话,整个假期我都在为我的作业担心。
考查动词的时态和动词短语。根据“During the summer vacation”可知,事情发生在过去,所以该句时态为一般过去时。此句是特殊疑问句,主语是“what”,缺少谓语动词,“worry”作为动词,意为“使担心;使忧虑”,其过去式是“worried”;“be worried about”意为“为……担心”,根据“I was...”可知这里要用“worried”,构成“was worried about”结构,表示“我”处于担心的状态。故选A。
41.B
【解析】句意:2024年6月,第四届新华杯学生机器人大赛在昆明举行。
考查动词短语辨析。broke up分手;took place举行;look out当心;put off推迟。根据“the 4th Xinhua Cup Student Robot Competition...in Kunming.”可知,此处表示大赛在昆明举行。故选B。
42.A
【解析】句意:9月10日的盛大阅兵式让所有中国人都感受到了我们国家的强大。这也清楚地表明了我们热爱和平。
考查非谓语动词和形式宾语。it它;that那个;this这个;them它们。根据“made all Chinese people...”可知,此处考查make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,所以此处要用动词原形feel。根据“It also made...clear that we love peace.”可知,“made”后面真正的宾语是“that we love peace”这个从句,为避免句子头重脚轻,这里用“it”作形式宾语,把真正的宾语后置,即“made it clear that...”,表示“清楚地表明……” 。故选A。
43.D
【解析】句意:——本,你读完这些书后应该把它们放好。——好的,妈妈。
考查动词短语辨析。get over克服;bring up养大;turn off关闭;put away收起来。根据“OK, mom.”可知,此处是说本的妈妈让他读完书后把书放好,“put away收起来放好”符合题意。故选D。
44.A
【解析】句意:我的收音机昨天坏了。我仔细阅读了说明书,找出了问题所在。
考查动词短语。found out发现,查明;tried out尝试;made up编造;looked up查阅。根据“I read the instructions carefully and...what was wrong with it.”可知,阅读了说明书后查明了问题,故选A。
45.B
【解析】句意:人类未来很可能活到150岁。
考查动词短语。look up to仰慕;live up to达到;catch up to赶上;hold up to承受住。根据“...150 years”可知,此处应表示人类寿命达到150岁。故选B。
46.A
【解析】句意:许多有创造力和环保意识的人想出了一种称为“升级回收”的方法,将不需要的物品变成有用的东西。
考查动词短语。come up with想出;caught up with赶上;got along with和……相处;worked closely with与……密切合作。根据“a way called ‘upcycling’ to take an unwanted item into something useful”可知,是想出了一种称为“升级回收”的方法。故选A。
47.B
【解析】句意:——他同意和你一起去了吗?——他没有回答,反而转身离开了房间。
考查动词短语。turned out证明是;turned around转身;turned up调大;turned into变成。根据“He didn’t answer. Instead, he ... and left the room.”可知,他没有回答,反而“转身”离开了房间,符合题意。故选B。
48.B
【解析】句意:——看!Fred正在找他的钥匙。——是的,但他到处都找不到。
考查动词短语辨析。looking at看着;looking for寻找;looking after照顾;looking up查阅。根据后文“he can’t find them anywhere”可知,Fred正在寻找钥匙。故选B。
49.A
【解析】句意:你可以在咖啡里加些糖,使它更甜。
考查动词短语。add...to...把……加入到……里;add...up加起来;put on增重;put on穿上。根据“some sugar...the coffee”可知是把糖加入到咖啡里,强调的是“添加”这个动作,用短语add...to...。故选A。
50.A
【解析】句意:——你能帮我学英语吗?——当然,没问题。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起,在……方面;for为了;to到,向;on在……上面。根据语境可知,此处是询问对方能否在英语学习方面给予帮助,help sb. with sth. 是固定搭配,表示“在……方面帮助某人”,所以应该用with。故选A。
51.A
【解析】句意:为了节约能源,学校上个月把旧的灯换成了LED灯。
考查动词短语辨析。replaced...with...用……替换……;replaced...for...搭配错误;changed...from...从……改变;threw...away...丢弃……。根据“To save energy, the school...old lights...LED ones last month.”可知,此处表示把旧灯替换成LED灯。故选A。
52.A
【解析】句意:——这些箱子看起来挺重的。需要帮忙吗?——谢谢!汤姆已经主动提出帮我搬了。
考查动词短语。offer to主动提出;decide to决定;agree to同意;refuse to拒绝。由“Tom already…carry them for me”可推知,汤姆已经主动提出要帮我搬箱子了。故选A。
53.C
【解析】句意:你想建立一个组织来帮助残疾人吗?
考查动词短语。put up搭建;fix up修理;set up建立;give up放弃。根据“an organization to help disabled people”可知,是指建立一个组织来帮助残疾人。故选C。
54.D
【解析】句意:如果你不来上课,你的学习就会落后。
考查动词短语。be filled with充满;make progress取得进步;set up建立;fall behind落后。根据“If you don’t come to class, you’ll…in your studies.”的语境可知,缺课会导致学业落后,D项符合。故选D。
55.C
【解析】句意:——中国人宁愿用筷子,而美国人更喜欢刀叉。——不同的文化造就了它。
考查动词短语和动词。prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事;would rather do sth.宁愿做某事;prefer sth.更喜欢某物。第一个空后是动词原形,用结构would rather do sth.,第二个空后是名词,用动词prefer。故选C。
2
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!
6 / 8
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$