Unit 6 Home Sweet Home情态动词(单元核心语法精练)英语鲁教版五四学制2024七年级上册

2025-11-24
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Unit 6 Home Sweet Home单元语法 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、用can, could, can't, couldn't填空 3 二、句型转换 3 三、单项选择 4 四、完成句子 5 五、走进中考 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 7 题型一 完形填空 7 题型二 语法填空 9 一、情态动词 can 和 could 的用法 用法介绍 can 和 could 均为情态动词,可表示能力、请求、许可或推测。could 是 can 的过去式,语气更委婉,常用于礼貌请求或征求许可,答语中通常用 can 而非 could。 功能 句型结构 示例 委婉请求他人做某事 Could you (please) + 动词原形 + 其他? Could you please open the door?(请你开门好吗?) 委婉请求他人允许自己做某事 Could I + 动词原形 + 其他? Could I use your phone?(我可以用一下你的手机吗?) 表示过去的能力 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他(描述过去具备的能力) He could swim when he was five.(他五岁时就会游泳了。) 表示推测(可能性) 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他(对过去、现在或将来的可能性推测) The book could be Lucy’s.(这本书可能是露西的。) 表示建议 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他(提出委婉的建议) You could ask the teacher for help.(你可以向老师求助。) 注意事项 1. 答语规范:对 “Could you...?” 的肯定回答可用 “OK./Certainly./With pleasure.” 等,否定回答用 “Sorry, I can’t.(因为……)”;对 “Could I...?” 的肯定回答用 “Yes, you can.”,否定回答用 “Sorry, you can’t.”,答语中不用 could。 例句:当别人说 “Could you pass the salt?” 时,你可以回答 “Certainly.”;如果不能帮忙,可回答 “Sorry, I can’t. I’m busy right now.” 2. 语气区别:can 语气较直接,could 更委婉,但两者都可表示请求,具体根据语境选择(如正式场合多用 could)。 例句:朋友之间可以直接说 “Can you lend me some money?”;而在向陌生人求助时,用 “Could you lend me some money?” 会更礼貌。 3. 时态限制:could 表过去能力时,对应的现在时用 can;表推测时,could 不表过去,仅表可能性比 can 弱。 例句:“He could swim when he was five.”(表过去能力),对应的现在时为 “He can swim now.”;“This could be the right answer.”(表推测,可能性较弱),“This can be the right answer.”(可能性相对较强)。 二、could 的特殊用法补充 用法介绍 除上述基础用法外,could 还可用于虚拟语气或间接引语中,体现语境的委婉或过去的语境。 用法场景 示例 间接引语中转述过去的请求 She asked if she could borrow my pen.(她问她是否可以借我的笔。) 虚拟语气中表未实现的可能性 I could have passed the exam if I studied harder.(如果我更努力,本可以通过考试的。) 注意事项 1. 虚拟语气中的 could:此时 could 不表过去,而是表示与事实相反的假设,需结合语境判断。 例句:“If I had more time, I could finish the task.”(实际没有更多时间,此处 could 表示与事实相反的假设)。 2. 避免混淆:不要将 could 的委婉用法与过去式用法混淆,如 “Could you help me?” 仅表委婉,不表过去。 例句:“Could you help me carry this box?” 这句话只是出于礼貌请求对方帮忙,并非指过去的时间;而 “He could help others when he was young.” 中的 could 才是表过去的能力。 一、用can, could, can't, couldn't填空 1. —________ you please help me clean the living room? —Sure. 2. —________ I borrow your bike? Mine is broken. —Yes, you can. 3. He ________ swim very well when he was five years old. 4. You ________ park your car here. It's a no-parking area. 5. —________ you speak French? —A little. 二、句型转换 1.We can play games here. (用can改为表示请求许可的疑问句) play games here? 2.— Can you help me open the window? (作肯定回答) — . 3.—Could I open the window? (作肯定回答) —Of course . 4.I can use your computer. (用could改为表示请求许可的疑问句) your computer, please? 5 pass me the new book? 6.—Selina, could you please help me? (作肯定回答) —Of course, . 7.Could you please do the dishes? (作否定回答) , I’m afraid I . 8.—Could you go to the park with me tomorrow? (补全否定答语) 一Sorry, . I have to study for my test. 9.paper-cutting, can, why, anyone, try, ? 10.—Nancy, could you pass the eraser to me? (作肯定回答) — , . Here you are. 三、单项选择 1—Can you swim, Tim? —Yes, I ________. I always swim with my sister in my free time. A.can B.must C.need D.should 2.—________ I borrow your book? I left mine at home. —Sure, you ________ keep it for two days. A.May; can B.Must; may C.Can; must D.Could; should 3.The boy is only six years old, but he ________ ride a bike. A.must B.can C.should D.need 4.Jane ________ be at home now. I saw her playing tennis at school just now. A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t 5.________ you please help me make a flyer for World Wildlife Day? A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need 6.—Mom, ________ I invite my friends to a party? —Sorry, you ________. You have a test on Monday. A.could; couldn’t B.can; needn’t C.could; can’t D.can; don’t have to 7.—______ you help me carry the books? —Of course. A.Must B.Should C.Could D.Would 8.—________ I borrow (借用) your bike? —Sure. But you mustn’t ________ it to others. A.Must; lend B.Can; lend C.Can; borrow D.Must; borrow 9.—Mom, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A.Could; mustn’t B.Need; couldn’t C.Must; needn’t D.Could; couldn’t 10.—Don’t worry. You ________ try jogging with me. A.can B.must C.Should D.need 11.The boy is only five years old. But he is able to write more than 500 English words. A.can B.must C.shall D.will 12.—I often see the sign in restaurants. What does it mean?   —It means people ________ bring their pets into the restaurant. A.needn’t B.can’t C.may D.would 13.—Tomorrow is Saturday. Can you hang out with us tonight? —Sorry, but I ________. I have to visit my grandma. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 14.— Could you please ________ the door? I feel very cold. — OK. But I think you’d better ________ your coat. A.not to open; put on B.not to open; to put on C.not open; put on D.not open; to put on 15.The little boy spoke in such a low voice that her mother ________ hardly (几乎不) understand what he said. A.must B.could C.might D.should 四、完成句子 1. help me take the bowl out of the dishwasher? 2.——苏西,你能教我怎么拉小提琴吗? ——没问题。 — you show me how to play the violin, Suzy? — . 3.我能借用一下你的雨伞吗?外面在下雨。 I your umbrella? It’s raining outside. 4.如果你提高自己的信息技术技能,就容易找到工作。 If you improve your IT skills, you a job easily. 4. (22-23八年级上·贵州六盘水·期末)如果你每天阅读英语,那么你就可以进步。 you read English every day, you make progress. 5. 你不能指望在一周内学会一门外语。 You to learn a foreign language in one week. 6. 你做完作业才能玩电脑游戏。 You play computer games you finish your homework. 7. 你把房间打扫一下好吗? you the room? 8. give me an example? 9.你能告诉我这个单词怎么读吗?我不太确定。 you me how to pronounce this word? I’m not sure. 10. 上学期他还不能做10个引体向上。这个学期呢? He do 10 pull-ups last term. What about this term? 5、 走进中考 1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)—Will you be able to finish the work in time? —I ________ promise anything, but I’ll do my best. A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t 2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A.Could B.Must C.Might D.Should 3.(2025·甘肃·中考真题)________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A.Could B.Must C.Might D.Should 4.(2025·云南·中考真题)—Linda, can you do housework? —Yes, I________. I learned to cook at the age of eight. A.must B.can C.should D.need 5.(2025·北京·中考真题)—Mom, ________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A.can B.must C.need D.should 6.(2025·江苏连云港·中考真题)From April 8, pet owners in China ________ bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains. A.must B.should C.can D.need 7.(2025·吉林长春·中考真题)The water bottle ________ be Mr. Liu’s. The name on the bottle isn’t his. A.must B.may C.mustn’t D.can’t 8.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Is that young lady with straight hair your aunt, Li Ming? —No, it ________ be her. She has gone to the Horticultural Exhibition (园艺博览会). A.mustn’t B.can’t C.can D.must 题型一 完形填空 At school, students learn different subjects like English, math, art and so on. They learn these subjects in the classroom. These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools. That is school gardening. Students learn it outside the classroom. It is not only 1 interesting subject but also a great way to keep healthy. In the gardening class, students can go outside and get fresh air. More importantly, they can learn a lot, 2 some young students have food, they like to ask, “Where does the rice come from?” In this class, they 3 get the answer. And they can learn to do things with 4 own hands. They can also learn some teamwork skills and care about nature, others and themselves. 5 a school garden is difficult, but teachers are trying to make it work. Some schools can have gardens inside, but 6 schools are small, so teachers turn to gardens and parks near the school. Although the school garden doesn’t have to be very big, students can have 7 fun in it. At first, teachers decide what vegetables to grow. Then they grow them with students. Carrots and tomatoes are their favorites because it is nice for them 8 a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. Some vegetables are easy to grow 9 others need a long time. This can teach students that hard work pays off (有所回报). Gardening is as 10 as any other subject. Students should learn it well at school. 1.A.a B.an C.the D./ 2.A.If B.When C.Until D.Unless 3.A.can B.must C.should D.need 4.A.theirs B.them C.their D.they 5.A.Keep B.Kept C.Keeps D.Keeping 6.A.others B.another C.the other D.other 7.A.a lot B.a few C.many D.a lot of 8.A.get B.got C.gets D.to get 9.A.but B.so C.however D.or 10.A.importance B.importantly C.important D.more important 题型二 语法填空 ( 2 / 14 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 (每空不多于 3 个词)。 Our class is doing a project—“Who does the most chores at home?” We need to 1 (find) out the answer by doing a survey. First, we make a list of chores. They include 2 (take) out the rubbish, doing the dishes, and folding the clothes. Then we think of questions, like “How often do you do these chores?” Tomorrow, I 3 (ask) my classmates. I will say, “Excuse me, could you please answer my questions? It 4 (take) only five minutes.” I think most students 5 (help) their parents sometimes. But I’m not sure 6 does the most. Maybe Lily—she always talks about 7 (clean) her room and walking her dog. After finishing the survey, we 8 (count) the results. Then we will report 9 to the class. Our teacher says the project can help us understand how hard our parents work. It can 10 (also) teach us to share housework. ( 1 / 12 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $Unit 6 Home Sweet Home单元语法 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、用can, could, can't, couldn't填空 3 二、句型转换 3 三、单项选择 5 四、完成句子 9 五、走进中考 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 完形填空 13 题型二 语法填空 16 一、情态动词 can 和 could 的用法 用法介绍 can 和 could 均为情态动词,可表示能力、请求、许可或推测。could 是 can 的过去式,语气更委婉,常用于礼貌请求或征求许可,答语中通常用 can 而非 could。 功能 句型结构 示例 委婉请求他人做某事 Could you (please) + 动词原形 + 其他? Could you please open the door?(请你开门好吗?) 委婉请求他人允许自己做某事 Could I + 动词原形 + 其他? Could I use your phone?(我可以用一下你的手机吗?) 表示过去的能力 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他(描述过去具备的能力) He could swim when he was five.(他五岁时就会游泳了。) 表示推测(可能性) 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他(对过去、现在或将来的可能性推测) The book could be Lucy’s.(这本书可能是露西的。) 表示建议 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他(提出委婉的建议) You could ask the teacher for help.(你可以向老师求助。) 注意事项 1. 答语规范:对 “Could you...?” 的肯定回答可用 “OK./Certainly./With pleasure.” 等,否定回答用 “Sorry, I can’t.(因为……)”;对 “Could I...?” 的肯定回答用 “Yes, you can.”,否定回答用 “Sorry, you can’t.”,答语中不用 could。 例句:当别人说 “Could you pass the salt?” 时,你可以回答 “Certainly.”;如果不能帮忙,可回答 “Sorry, I can’t. I’m busy right now.” 2. 语气区别:can 语气较直接,could 更委婉,但两者都可表示请求,具体根据语境选择(如正式场合多用 could)。 例句:朋友之间可以直接说 “Can you lend me some money?”;而在向陌生人求助时,用 “Could you lend me some money?” 会更礼貌。 3. 时态限制:could 表过去能力时,对应的现在时用 can;表推测时,could 不表过去,仅表可能性比 can 弱。 例句:“He could swim when he was five.”(表过去能力),对应的现在时为 “He can swim now.”;“This could be the right answer.”(表推测,可能性较弱),“This can be the right answer.”(可能性相对较强)。 二、could 的特殊用法补充 用法介绍 除上述基础用法外,could 还可用于虚拟语气或间接引语中,体现语境的委婉或过去的语境。 用法场景 示例 间接引语中转述过去的请求 She asked if she could borrow my pen.(她问她是否可以借我的笔。) 虚拟语气中表未实现的可能性 I could have passed the exam if I studied harder.(如果我更努力,本可以通过考试的。) 注意事项 1. 虚拟语气中的 could:此时 could 不表过去,而是表示与事实相反的假设,需结合语境判断。 例句:“If I had more time, I could finish the task.”(实际没有更多时间,此处 could 表示与事实相反的假设)。 2. 避免混淆:不要将 could 的委婉用法与过去式用法混淆,如 “Could you help me?” 仅表委婉,不表过去。 例句:“Could you help me carry this box?” 这句话只是出于礼貌请求对方帮忙,并非指过去的时间;而 “He could help others when he was young.” 中的 could 才是表过去的能力。 一、用can, could, can't, couldn't填空 1. —________ you please help me clean the living room? —Sure. 2. —________ I borrow your bike? Mine is broken. —Yes, you can. 3. He ________ swim very well when he was five years old. 4. You ________ park your car here. It's a no-parking area. 5. —________ you speak French? —A little. 1. Could 2. Could/Can 3. could 4. can't 5. Can 二、句型转换 1.We can play games here. (用can改为表示请求许可的疑问句) play games here? 【答案】 Can we 【详解】句意:我们可以在这里玩游戏。原句是陈述句,改为表示请求许可的疑问句时,需将情态动词can提前至句首,主语we保持不变,句末加问号。故填Can;we。 2.— Can you help me open the window? (作肯定回答) — . 【答案】 No problem 【详解】句意:你能帮我开窗户吗?根据句意可知,Can you表示请求,其肯定回答可为No problem,意为“没问题”,首字母要大写。故填No;problem。 3.—Could I open the window? (作肯定回答) —Of course . 【答案】 you can 【详解】句意:——我可以打开窗户吗?——你当然可以。此处要求作肯定回答,问句表示委婉的请求,肯定回答用can,第一人称I“我”应变为第二人称you“你”。故填you;can。 4.I can use your computer. (用could改为表示请求许可的疑问句) your computer, please? 【答案】 Could I use 【详解】句意:我可以使用你的电脑。要求改为could表示请求许可的疑问句,表示“我可以使用你的电脑吗?”,句子用疑问语序,即“Could+主语+动词原形+其它”,主语是I,动词是use“使用”。故填Could;I;use。 5 pass me the new book? 【答案】 Could you please 【详解】句意:把新书递给我。要求用“could”改写为疑问句形式,用句型“Could you please ...?”表示礼貌的请求,意为“请问你能……吗”。故填Could;you;please。 6.—Selina, could you please help me? (作肯定回答) —Of course, . 【答案】 I can 【详解】句意:Selina,你能帮我吗?根据题意可知,此处要求作肯定回答,此处表示委婉的请求,因此肯定回答时用can,主语是I。故填I;can。 7.Could you please do the dishes? (作否定回答) , I’m afraid I . 【答案】 Sorry can’t 【详解】句意:——你能洗碗吗?——对不起,我恐怕不可以。根据“Could you please do the dishes”可知,问句中的could表示礼貌地请求,在回答中需要用can。否定回答会先道歉,然后表示不能,故填Sorry;can’t。 8.—Could you go to the park with me tomorrow? (补全否定答语) 一Sorry, . I have to study for my test. 【答案】 I can’t 【详解】句意:——明天你能和我一起去公园吗?——对不起,我不能。我得准备考试。根据“I have to study for my test.”可知应该是不能一起去公园,空处需作否定回答。此句是could开头的一般疑问句,这里could是表示委婉语气,否定回答为Sorry, I can’t。故填I;can’t。 9.paper-cutting, can, why, anyone, try, ? 【答案】 Why can anyone try paper-cutting 【详解】根据词汇及标点提示可知,句子是特殊疑问句。特殊疑问词Why放在句首,后接一般疑问句语序,即情态动词can提前,主语是anyone,谓语是try,paper-cutting作宾语。故填Why can anyone try paper-cutting“为什么任何人都可以尝试剪纸” 10.—Nancy, could you pass the eraser to me? (作肯定回答) — , . Here you are. 【答案】 Yes sure 【详解】句意:南希,你能把橡皮递给我吗?could为情态动词,此处用于表示委婉的请求,语气比can更礼貌,不表示过去时态。对于could引导的请求类一般疑问句,肯定回答常用“Yes, sure.”(是的,当然可以。)等,结合后句 “Here you are.” 可知,此处用肯定回答符合语境。故填Yes;sure。 三、单项选择 1—Can you swim, Tim? —Yes, I ________. I always swim with my sister in my free time. A.can B.must C.need D.should 【答案】A 【详解】句意:—— 蒂姆,你会游泳吗?——是的,我会。我空闲时总是和姐姐一起游泳。考查情态动词。can能够;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据“Can you swim”可知,回答用can。故选A。 2.—________ I borrow your book? I left mine at home. —Sure, you ________ keep it for two days. A.May; can B.Must; may C.Can; must D.Could; should 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我可以借你的书吗?我的书落在家里了。——可以,你可以借它两天。考查情态动词辨析。may可以;can能,能够;must必须;could可以,表示委婉语气;should应该。根据答句可知,可以借两天,排除C、D选项;根据“I borrow your book?”可知借书是委婉的请求,不能使用must。故选A。 3.The boy is only six years old, but he ________ ride a bike. A.must B.can C.should D.need 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这个男孩只有六岁,但他会骑自行车。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须;can能,会;should应该;need需要。结合选项和题干可知,此处表示这个男孩会骑自行车。故选B。 4.Jane ________ be at home now. I saw her playing tennis at school just now. A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意:简现在不可能在家。我刚才看见她在学校打网球。考查情态动词。wouldn’t不会;mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;needn’t不必。根据下文“I saw her playing tennis at school just now.”可知答案。 5.________ you please help me make a flyer for World Wildlife Day? A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你能帮我制作一张世界野生动物日的传单吗?考查动词辨析。Could可以;Should应该;Must必须;Need需要。could you please...为固定句型,表示委婉客气地请求别人做某事。故选A 6.—Mom, ________ I invite my friends to a party? —Sorry, you ________. You have a test on Monday. A.could; couldn’t B.can; needn’t C.could; can’t D.can; don’t have to 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——妈妈,我可以邀请我的朋友来参加聚会吗?——对不起,你不能。你星期一有考试。 考查情态动词。could能,是can的过去式,可以表示请求,比can语气更委婉;couldn’t不能;can’t不能;needn’t不需要;don’t have to没必要。第一个空表示请求,用can或could;根据“Sorry, you .... You have a test on Monday.”可知,第二个空是否定回答,表示“不能”用can’t。故选C。 7.—______ you help me carry the books? —Of course. A.Must B.Should C.Could D.Would 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你能帮我搬这些书吗?——当然。考查情态动词。Must必须,一定;Should应该;Could可以,能;Would将。根据“you help me carry the books?”可知,此处是询问对方是否可以提供帮助,用could表示请求许可的委婉语气。故选C。 8.—________ I borrow (借用) your bike? —Sure. But you mustn’t ________ it to others. A.Must; lend B.Can; lend C.Can; borrow D.Must; borrow 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我可以借用你的自行车吗?——可以。但你不能借给其他人。 考查情态动词和动词辨析。Must应该;Can可以;lend借给;borrow借入。第一空根据“... I borrow (借用) your bike?”可知,此处表达“我可以借用你的自行车吗?”,需用can。第二空根据“... I borrow your bike?”可知,第一处是借来,根据“But you mustn’t ... it to others.”可知,第二处表示借出,需用lend。故选B。 9.—Mom, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A.Could; mustn’t B.Need; couldn’t C.Must; needn’t D.Could; couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——妈妈,天气太热了。我可以和朋友一起在湖里游泳吗?——不,你不可以,太危险了。 考查情态动词。could可以;need需要;must必须;mustn’t不准;couldn’t不可以;needn’t不必要。根据“…I swim in the lake with my friends?”结合语境可知,此处表示请求许可,用could;否定回答用can’t或mustn’t表示不允许,不用couldn’t。故选A。 10.—Don’t worry. You ________ try jogging with me. A.can B.must C.Should D.need 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——这些天我体重增加了。——别担心。你可以试着和我一起慢跑。考查情态动词。can可以;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据句子的语境,这里是在建议对方尝试慢跑,所以应该选择can。故选A。 11.The boy is only five years old. But he is able to write more than 500 English words. A.can B.must C.shall D.will 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这个男孩只有五岁。但是他能写超过500个英文单词。 考查情态动词。can能够(表示能力或请求);must必须;shall必须,应该,可以,将要;will将要。连词but前后,but前表示他只有五岁,but后表示他会写超过500个英文单词,be able to=can“能”,故选A。 12.—I often see the sign in restaurants. What does it mean?   —It means people ________ bring their pets into the restaurant. A.needn’t B.can’t C.may D.would 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我经常在餐馆看到这个标志。这是什么意思?——意思是人们不能把宠物带进餐厅。 考查动词辨析。needn’t不必;can’t不能;may可能;would将要。图片中的标志显示“NO PETS ALLOWED”,意思是“不允许带宠物”。因此表示人们不能带宠物进入餐厅。故选B。 13.—Tomorrow is Saturday. Can you hang out with us tonight? —Sorry, but I ________. I have to visit my grandma. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——明天是星期六。你今晚能和我们一起出去玩吗? ——对不起,我不能。我得去看望我的奶奶。 考查情态动词。can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;shouldn’t不应该。根据“Can you hang out with us tonight?”可知,这是一个请求,否定回答时应用can’t。故选A。 14.— Could you please ________ the door? I feel very cold. — OK. But I think you’d better ________ your coat. A.not to open; put on B.not to open; to put on C.not open; put on D.not open; to put on 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——请不要打开门好吗?我觉得很冷。——好的。但我认为你最好穿上你的外套。 考查动词形式。Could you please (not) do sth.?“请你(不要)做某事好吗”是固定句型,could是情态动词,所以用动词原形;had better do sth.“最好做某事”,后跟动词原形。故选C。 15.The little boy spoke in such a low voice that her mother ________ hardly (几乎不) understand what he said. A.must B.could C.might D.should 【答案】B 【详解】句意:小男孩说话的声音很小,她的母亲几乎听不懂他说什么。 考查情态动词。must必须;could能够;might可能;should应该。固定短语could hardly do sth.“几乎不能做某事”,故选B。 四、完成句子 1. help me take the bowl out of the dishwasher? 【答案】 Could you please 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“你能……”,需常用句型“Could you please+动词原形+...?”,用来构成礼貌请求,故填Could;you;please。 2.——苏西,你能教我怎么拉小提琴吗? ——没问题。 — you show me how to play the violin, Suzy? — . 【答案】 Can No problem 【详解】can“能”,为情态动词;no problem“没问题”,表示肯定回复。故填Can;No;problem。 3.我能借用一下你的雨伞吗?外面在下雨。 I your umbrella? It’s raining outside. 【答案】 Can/Could borrow 【详解】can“可以”,用于询问“可以(做某事)吗”,也可用could,语气较委婉。borrow“借用”,动词,情态动词后接动词原形。故填Can/Could;borrow。 4.如果你提高自己的信息技术技能,就容易找到工作。 If you improve your IT skills, you a job easily. 【答案】 will/can find 【详解】“找到”find;if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主句用一般将来时,其结构为will do,也可用can表示“能够”,后接动词原形。故填will/can;find。 4. (22-23八年级上·贵州六盘水·期末)如果你每天阅读英语,那么你就可以进步。 you read English every day, you make progress. 【答案】 If can 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处考查if引导的条件状语从句,句首首字母大写。第二空应为情态动词can“可以”。故填If;can。 5. 你不能指望在一周内学会一门外语。 You to learn a foreign language in one week. 【答案】 can’t expect 【详解】对比中英文,英文句子缺少“不能指望”。can’t表示“不能”,情态动词后加动词原形;expect to do sth“期待做某事”。故填can’t;expect。 6. 你做完作业才能玩电脑游戏。 You play computer games you finish your homework. 【答案】 can’t until 【详解】can“可以/能”;not…until表示“直到……才……”,是固定结构。结合语境,可知是说“在你完成作业之前不许玩电脑游戏”,需用“not…until”引导时间状语从句,故填can’t;until。 7. 你把房间打扫一下好吗? you the room? 【答案】 Could please clean 【详解】此处表示委婉的请求,用句型Could you please do sth?“你能做……好吗”;clean“打扫”。故填Could;please;clean。 8. give me an example? 【答案】 Can you 【详解】“你”you,“能”can,句子是一般疑问句,应将情态动词can置于主语you前。故填Can;you。 9.你能告诉我这个单词怎么读吗?我不太确定。 you me how to pronounce this word? I’m not sure. 【答案】 Can/Could tell 【详解】can“可以”,用于询问“可以(做某事)吗”,也可用could,语气较委婉;tell“告诉”,情态动词后接动词原形。故填Can/Could;tell。 10. 上学期他还不能做10个引体向上。这个学期呢? He do 10 pull-ups last term. What about this term? 【答案】couldn’t 【详解】“不能”can’t,结合“last term”可知用一般过去时,can’t的过去式couldn’t。故填couldn’t。 5、 走进中考 1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)—Will you be able to finish the work in time? —I ________ promise anything, but I’ll do my best. A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你能及时完成这项工作吗?——我不能保证什么,但我会尽力而为。 考查情态动词。can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该;couldn’t不能(通常用于过去时或委婉假设);mustn’t禁止。根据“I...promise anything, but I’ll do my best.”可知,此处表示“无法保证什么,但会尽力而为”,是在对话情境中的直接回应,应用can’t。故选A。 2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A.Could B.Must C.Might D.Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你能把电视音量调低吗?我正在工作。 考查情态动词。Could可以;Must必须;Might可能;Should应该。根据“...you turn down the TV, please?”可知,此处表示请求,应用could。故选A。 3.(2025·甘肃·中考真题)________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A.Could B.Must C.Might D.Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意:麻烦您把电视音量调小一点好吗?我现在正忙着工作。 考查动词辨析。Could可以,表达委婉、礼貌的请求语气;Must必须,表示强制性的必要性;Might也许,表示可能性;Should应该,表示义务或建议。根据“...you turn down the TV, please?”可知,是在委婉请求对方把电视音量调小一点,故选A。 4.(2025·云南·中考真题)—Linda, can you do housework? —Yes, I________. I learned to cook at the age of eight. A.must B.can C.should D.need 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——琳达,你会做家务吗?——是的,我会。我八岁时就学会做饭了。 考查情态动词。must必须;can能;should应该;need需要。根据“can you do housework”以及“I learned to cook at the age of eight”可知,应作肯定回答,表示会做家务,需用对应情态动词回答。故选B。 5.(2025·北京·中考真题)—Mom, ________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A.can B.must C.need D.should 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——妈妈,这个星期天下午我能和同学们一起去看电影吗?——是的,你当然可以。 考查情态动词。can可以;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据“of course you can”可知,此处表示请求,应用句式Can I…?。故选A。 6.(2025·江苏连云港·中考真题)From April 8, pet owners in China ________ bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains. A.must B.should C.can D.need 【答案】C 【详解】句意:从4月8日起,中国的宠物主人可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐一些高速列车。 考查情态动词。must必须;should应该;can可以;need需要。根据“bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains.”可知是可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐一些高速列车。故选C。 7.(2025·吉林长春·中考真题)The water bottle ________ be Mr. Liu’s. The name on the bottle isn’t his. A.must B.may C.mustn’t D.can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意:这个水壶不可能是刘先生的。水壶上的名字不是他的。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须;may可能;mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能。根据“The name on the bottle isn’t his.”可知水壶不可能是刘先生的,应用can’t。故选D。 8.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Is that young lady with straight hair your aunt, Li Ming? —No, it ________ be her. She has gone to the Horticultural Exhibition (园艺博览会). A.mustn’t B.can’t C.can D.must 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——李明,那位直发的年轻女士是你的阿姨吗?——不,不可能是她。她去园艺博览会了。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;can能;must一定。根据“She has gone to the Horticultural Exhibition”可知她去园艺博览会了,所以那个人不可能是她,表示否定推测用can’t。故选B。 题型一 完形填空 At school, students learn different subjects like English, math, art and so on. They learn these subjects in the classroom. These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools. That is school gardening. Students learn it outside the classroom. It is not only 1 interesting subject but also a great way to keep healthy. In the gardening class, students can go outside and get fresh air. More importantly, they can learn a lot, 2 some young students have food, they like to ask, “Where does the rice come from?” In this class, they 3 get the answer. And they can learn to do things with 4 own hands. They can also learn some teamwork skills and care about nature, others and themselves. 5 a school garden is difficult, but teachers are trying to make it work. Some schools can have gardens inside, but 6 schools are small, so teachers turn to gardens and parks near the school. Although the school garden doesn’t have to be very big, students can have 7 fun in it. At first, teachers decide what vegetables to grow. Then they grow them with students. Carrots and tomatoes are their favorites because it is nice for them 8 a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. Some vegetables are easy to grow 9 others need a long time. This can teach students that hard work pays off (有所回报). Gardening is as 10 as any other subject. Students should learn it well at school. 1.A.a B.an C.the D./ 2.A.If B.When C.Until D.Unless 3.A.can B.must C.should D.need 4.A.theirs B.them C.their D.they 5.A.Keep B.Kept C.Keeps D.Keeping 6.A.others B.another C.the other D.other 7.A.a lot B.a few C.many D.a lot of 8.A.get B.got C.gets D.to get 9.A.but B.so C.however D.or 10.A.importance B.importantly C.important D.more important 【答案】 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了许多学校里新兴的热门课程——校园园艺,包括其授课地点、益处、实施情况及重要性等。 1.句意:它不仅是一门有趣的学科,也是保持健康的好方法。 a不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前,表示泛指“一个”;an不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前,表示泛指“一个”;the定冠词,表示特指;/零冠词。根据“interesting subject”可知,此处表示泛指一门有趣的学科,并且以元音音素开头。故选B。 2.句意:更重要的是,他们可以学到很多东西,当一些年幼的学生吃东西时,他们喜欢问:“大米来自哪里?” If如果;When当……时;Until直到;Unless除非。根据“some young students have food, they like to ask…”可知,此处描述的是当学生吃东西时会问问题,所以用When。故选B。 3.句意:在这门课上,他们能得到答案。 can能;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据前文学生问“Where does the rice come from?”可知,在园艺课上他们能够得到这个答案,所以用can。故选A。 4.句意:而且他们可以学会用自己的双手做事情。 theirs他们的,名词性物主代词;them他们,宾格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;they他们,主格。根据“own hands”可知,此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词hands,所以用 their。故选C。 5.句意:经营一个学校花园很难,但老师们正努力让它运转起来。 Keep保持,动词原形;Kept保持,过去式或过去分词;Keeps保持,第三人称单数;Keeping保持,动名词。根据“… a school garden is difficult”可知,此处缺少主语,动名词可以作主语。故选D。 6.句意:一些学校可以在室内有花园,但其他学校很小,所以老师们转向学校附近的花园和公园。 others其他,代词,后不接名词;another另一个,后接单数名词;the other两者中的另一个;other其他的,后接复数名词。根据“schools”可知,此处需要形容词修饰复数名词,且表示泛指的“其他学校”,所以用other。故选D。 7.句意:虽然学校花园不必很大,但学生们可以在里面玩得很开心。 a lot很;a few一些,后接可数名词复数;many许多,后接可数名词复数;a lot of许多,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据“fun”可知,fun是不可数名词,a lot of可以修饰不可数名词。故选D。 8.句意:胡萝卜和西红柿是他们的最爱,因为对他们来说,在花园里摘一根胡萝卜或一个西红柿,洗一洗就吃是很惬意的。 get动词原形;got过去式;gets第三人称单数;to get动词不定式。根据“it is nice for them…”可知,此处是it is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.表示“对于某人来说去做某事是怎么样的”的固定句型。故选D。 9.句意:有些蔬菜容易种植,但有些需要很长时间。 but但是,表转折,连接句子,不用逗号隔开;so所以,表结果;however然而,表转折,后用逗号隔开;or或者,表选择。根据“Some vegetables are easy to grow”和“others need a long time”可知,两者之间是转折关系,且空后没有逗号,所以用but。故选A。 10.句意:园艺和其他任何学科一样重要。 importance重要性,名词;importantly重要地,副词;important重要的,形容词;more important更重要的,比较级。根据“as…as”可知,此处用形容词原级,所以用important。故选C。 题型二 语法填空 ( 2 / 14 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 (每空不多于 3 个词)。 Our class is doing a project—“Who does the most chores at home?” We need to 1 (find) out the answer by doing a survey. First, we make a list of chores. They include 2 (take) out the rubbish, doing the dishes, and folding the clothes. Then we think of questions, like “How often do you do these chores?” Tomorrow, I 3 (ask) my classmates. I will say, “Excuse me, could you please answer my questions? It 4 (take) only five minutes.” I think most students 5 (help) their parents sometimes. But I’m not sure 6 does the most. Maybe Lily—she always talks about 7 (clean) her room and walking her dog. After finishing the survey, we 8 (count) the results. Then we will report 9 to the class. Our teacher says the project can help us understand how hard our parents work. It can 10 (also) teach us to share housework. 【答案】 1.find 2.taking 3.will ask 4.will take 5.help 6.who 7.cleaning 8.will count 9.them 10.also 【导语】本文描述了班级正在进行一个名为“谁在家做家务最多”的项目,通过调查来找出答案,并介绍了项目的具体步骤和预期结果。 1.句意:我们需要通过做调查来找出答案。根据“need to”可知,此处为固定短语“need to do sth.”,表示“需要做某事”,因此用动词原形“find”。故填find。 2.句意:它们包括倒垃圾、洗碗和叠衣服。根据“include”可知,其后应接动名词形式作宾语,表示“包括做某事”,因此用“taking”。故填taking。 3.句意:明天,我会问我的同学。根据“Tomorrow”可知,此处描述的是将来发生的事情,因此用一般将来时“will ask”。故填will ask。 4.句意:这只会花费五分钟。根据语境可知,此处表示将来的动作,即“回答这些问题将会花费五分钟”,因此用一般将来时“will take”。故填will take。 5.句意:我认为大多数学生有时会帮助他们的父母。根据“most students...their parents sometimes”可知,此处描述的是一般情况,即“大多数学生有时会帮助父母”,因此用一般现在时,主语为复数,动词用原形“help”。故填help。 6.句意:但我不确定谁做得最多。根据“does the most”及“Maybe Lily”可知,此处表示“谁做得最多”,因此用疑问词“who”引导宾语从句。故填who。 7.句意:她总是谈论打扫房间和遛狗。根据“talk about”可知,其后应接动名词形式作宾语,表示“谈论做某事”,因此用“cleaning”。故填cleaning。 8.句意:完成调查后,我们将统计结果。根据“After finishing the survey”可知,此处描述的是将来发生的动作,即“完成调查后将会统计结果”,因此用一般将来时“will count”。故填will count。 9.句意:然后我们会向全班报告。根据“report”可知,此处表示“报告结果”,且“results”为复数形式,因此用代词“them”指代。故填them。 10.句意:它也会教我们分担家务。根据“It can...teach us to share housework.”可知,此处表示“它也会教我们...”,因此用副词“also”表示“也”。故填also。 $

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Unit 6 Home Sweet Home情态动词(单元核心语法精练)英语鲁教版五四学制2024七年级上册
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Unit 6 Home Sweet Home情态动词(单元核心语法精练)英语鲁教版五四学制2024七年级上册
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Unit 6 Home Sweet Home情态动词(单元核心语法精练)英语鲁教版五四学制2024七年级上册
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