Unit4 Section Ⅵ Developing ideas（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（外研版）

本讲义围绕“演讲的力量”核心主题，以林肯葛底斯堡演说为文本载体，构建“速读-细读-读后”三阶学习支架。速读环节通过文意概括与篇章结构分析培养整体理解能力，细读环节结合细节题与语法结构解析深化文本认知，读后环节通过语法填空与重点词块默写巩固语言知识，形成从输入到输出的完整学习链。 该资料特色在于分层设计契合语言学习规律，速读与细读环节通过选择题和结构分析提升语言理解与逻辑思维（思维品质），语法填空和词块积累强化语言表达能力（语言能力）。拓展训练融入女性厨师、文化影响等主题阅读，渗透文化意识培养。课中教师可按步骤引导学生深入文本，课后学生通过语法填空和词块默写查漏补缺，有效提升综合语言运用能力。

Section Ⅵ　Developing ideas Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．It is about a famous US president. B．It is about the great battles in history. C．It is about the power of speeches. D．It is about the division of America. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks. Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Thousands of soldiers died because of the terrible world war. B．The speech by Lincoln was over 268 words long and lasted two minutes. C．The speech was of great help for the nation and the people. D．Lincoln made the speech，because some soldiers were killed. 答案　C 2．How did the people feel after the civil war? A．Excited. B．Suffered. C．Equal. D．Hopeless. 答案　D 3．What did the writer think of the speech by Lincoln according to the passage? A．Hopeful but sorrowful. B．Timely and practical. C．Outdated but helpful. D．Conservative and optimistic. 答案　B 4．According to the speech，what was the best for the living? A．Devotion to the freedom. B．Fighting for the dead. C．Helping the government. D．Devotion to our property. 答案　A 5．What is the structure of the passage？(P＝paragraph) 答案　A Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863，Abraham Lincoln mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg，Pennsylvania.He was there in memory of the 1.dead(die) soldiers.The place was the site of a recent battle 2.where thousands of soldiers had died. At that time，America was 3.bitterly(bitter) divided.For two years，its people had been deep in a civil war.The worst battle lasted three days.The Union side won，but 4.at a great cost.Over 50,000 soldiers 5.were killed(kill) or wounded，and people lost hope and purpose. Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people.His speech gave them hope，belief and a reason 6.to look(look) to the future.He gave them 7.a new vision of what the United States of America should be，8.based(base) on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.It was what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the 9.living(live) to remove not only the divisions between North and South，but the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the 10.equality(equal) of humankind. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers had died(die)．(P58 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a recent battle。 汉语翻译：就在不久前，这里曾是一片战场，数千名士兵牺牲于此。 2．The man was Abraham Lincoln，President of the United States of America，and he was there in memory of the soldiers who had died.(P58 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为and连接的并列复合句。President of the United States of America是Abraham Lincoln的同位语；and后分句中的who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the soldiers。 汉语翻译：这个人是美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯，他来到这里悼念已逝的战士。 3．The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes.(P58 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。he gave 是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词The speech。 汉语翻译：他的演说只有268个词，时长两分钟。 4．He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be，based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.(P58 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语；过去分词短语based on...在句中作状语；过去分词短语set down....before作定语，修饰先行词the ideals。 汉语翻译：他给予了美国人民一个新的愿景，那就是依照87年前开国元勋的理念，美利坚合众国本应成为的样子。 5．Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth，upon this continent，a new nation，conceived in Liberty，and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.(P59 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。conceived in Liberty，and dedicated to...作定语，修饰a new nation；that引导同位语从句，作the proposition的同位语。 汉语翻译：87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想。 6．Now we are engaged in a great civil war，testing whether that nation，or any nation，so conceived，and so dedicated，can long endure.(P59 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。现在分词短语testing...作定语，修饰civil war；whether引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：当下我们正深陷于一场大规模的内战之中，它考验着这个国家，或者任何一个生于自由、对上述理想深信不疑的国家，能否长久生存下去。 7．We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.(P59 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰代词those；第一个that引导目的状语从句，省略了so。 汉语翻译：我们来到这里，是为了把这里的一部分土地献给那些为了国家存续而献出自己生命的人，作为他们最终的安息之地。 8．The world will little note，nor long remember，what we say here，but can never forget what they did here.(P60 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。第一个what引导宾语从句，作note和remember的宾语；第二个what引导宾语从句，作forget的宾语。 汉语翻译：世界不会留意，也不会铭记我们在这里说了什么，但世界永远不会忘记他们在这里做的事情。 9．It is rather for us to be(be) here dedicated to the great task remaining(remain) before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion(devote) to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain；that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom(free)；and that this government of the people，by the people，for the people，shall not perish from the earth.(P60 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。其中含有四个that引导的同位语从句，它们均为名词task的同位语。for which they...devotion为定语从句，修饰that cause；that these dead...vain为宾语从句，作动词resolve的宾语。 汉语翻译：我们应该把自己奉献于在我们面前的伟大事业——从这些光荣的逝者身上汲取更多的信仰，来投身于他们为之竭尽最后一丝力量的事业——我们在这里下最大的决心，不让逝者白白失去生命，要让国家获得自由的新生，要使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 动词不定式短语作定语 His speech gave them hope，belief and a reason to look to the future.(P58 Para.3) 他的演说给了民众希望、信念以及展望未来的理由。 结构分析：此句中的to look to the future是不定式作后置定语修饰a reason。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————英语中常用不定式短语作后置定语的情况： ·被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时； ·抽象名词way，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式作定语； ·被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词对其进行修饰时。 　————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————(1)中国女排主教练郎平成为第一位既作为运动员又作为教练在奥运会上获得金牌的人。 Lang Ping，head coach of the Chinese women’s volleyball team，has become the first to win gold medals at the Olympics both as a coach and as a player. (2)我有维持课堂秩序的能力，因为多年当班长的经验使我成为一名出色的组织者。 I have the ability to keep the class in order because the experience of being a monitor for many years has made me a brilliant organiser. (3)虽然他毕业于重点大学，但我不认为他是接任这一职位的最佳人选。 Though he graduated from a key university，I don’t think he is the best choice to take over the post. 课文重点词块默写 1．为了纪念…… in memory of 2．塑造一个国家 shape a nation 3．内战 civil war 4．发生 take place 5．付出巨大的代价 at a great cost 6．展望未来 look to the future 7．制定，规定(规则、原则等) set down 8．一步一步地 step by step 9．是……的责任；由……决定 be up to 10．使产生，使出现 bring forth 11．致力于 be dedicated to 12．从事；忙于…… be engaged in 13．在更大的意义上；从更大的角度 in a larger sense 14．(故事)说到这儿；(情势)到这一刻 thus far 15．继续；开展 carry on 16．徒劳；白费力气 in vain 训练7　Developing ideas(A)　[分值：40分] Ⅰ.单句写作(应用文写作——学校将举办纪念周恩来总理的演讲比赛活动)(共15分) 1．为了纪念周恩来总理，下个月我们学校将举行演讲比赛。(in memory of) In memory of Premier Zhou Enlai，there will be a speech contest in our school next month. 2．致力于全心全意为人民服务的周恩来总理是人民心中的英雄。(dedicate oneself to) Premier Zhou Enlai，who dedicated himself to serving people heart and soul，is a hero in people’s hearts. 3．他是中国历史上最有影响力的人物之一。(influential) He is one of the most influential figures in the history of China. 4．我希望你能积极参加这次比赛，因为这会是一个提高你综合能力的好机会。(不定式作后置定语) I hope you can take active part in the contest because it will be a good opportunity to improve your overall ability. 5．是否参与由你来定，但从我的角度来看，这肯定会是一次有益的经历。(It’s up to...) It is up to you to participate it or not，but it will certainly be a rewarding experience from my point of view. 【组句成篇】　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 In memory of Premier Zhou Enlai，there will be a speech contest in our school next month.Premier Zhou Enlai who dedicated himself to serving people heart and soul is a hero in people’s hearts.He is one of the most influential figures in the history of China.I hope you can take active part in the contest because it will be a good opportunity to improve your overall ability.Of course，it is up to you to participate it or not，but it will certainly be a rewarding experience from my point of view. Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) ArChan Chan recalls her first experience working in a Chinese restaurant more than 14 years ago.Employed as an apprentice(学徒) chef，she was one of just two women in the kitchen—the other’s only job was to beat eggs.“She was unbelievably fast at beating eggs.I guess for a woman to survive in a traditional Chinese kitchen back then，you had to be the best in something，” she says. Today，Chan leads the kitchen of Ho Lee Fook，one of Hong Kong’s most popular restaurants.After spending more than a decade working in fine dining restaurants in Australia and Singapore，she is one of a few female chefs who have risen to the top of a high-end Chinese restaurant.That’s an impressive achievement，given how unbelievably challenging it has been for women to show in high-end Chinese kitchens. Female chefs have long been a minority in professional kitchens around the world.But the situation is even severer in Chinese kitchens.There’s no denying the work is physically demanding—an empty pot weighs about 2.2 kilograms.In the past，few chefs would risk employing a female trainee into that tough environment. Given all of these barriers，not many women would even consider this male-dominated industry as an attractive career path.Thankfully，there are signs of a shift in mindset—the number of female Chinese head chefs has been rising in recent years. “Even if it’s a kitchen almost full of men，all everyone cares about is food—the cooking.They don’t care if you’re a male or female.Gender shouldn’t matter，” Chan says. “Yes，there is a physical barrier but I think the mental barrier may be more of a barrier to the increase of women in Chinese kitchens，” Chan adds.“It isn’t just about how much you want it but how much hard work you’re willing to put into it.There are days when you feel like your arms are falling apart and you can’t move them anymore，but the next day，you’re stronger and may be able to work a heavier work.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。在女性当厨师要面临身体上和精神上的双重障碍时，陈洁盈用自身经历证明了女性也可以成为优秀的厨师。 1．What can we learn about ArChan Chan? A．She got a rapid promotion. B．She does best in beating eggs. C．She is the best female chef in China. D．She made a great achievement in her career. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Today，Chan leads the kitchen of Ho Lee Fook，one of Hong Kong’s most popular restaurants...she is one of a few female chefs who have risen to the top of a high-end Chinese restaurant.”可推知，陈洁盈在事业上取得了傲人成就。故选D。 2．What’s a cause of very few female chefs in professional kitchens? A．Kitchen is a tough place for women. B．Women are afraid of physical work. C．Customers care about the gender of the chef. D．Women face both mental and physical barriers. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Yes，there is a physical barrier but I think the mental barrier may be more of a barrier to the increase of women in Chinese kitchens，’ Chan adds.”可知，女性要当厨师则面临着身体上和精神上的双重障碍。故选D。 3．Which of the following can best describe ArChan Chan? A．Strong-willed. B．Open-minded. C．Cool-headed. D．Kind-hearted. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are days when you feel like your arms are falling apart and...but the next day，you’re stronger and...”可知，有些时候陈洁盈累得手臂要散架了，再也动不了了，但是仍然在坚持。由此可推知她意志坚定。故选A。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Female Chefs Have Risen to the Top B．Female Chefs Have Long Been a Minority C．Female Chefs Are Proving Doubters Wrong D．Female Chefs Are Replacing Male Chefs Gradually 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，虽然女性当厨师面临着重重障碍和怀疑，但是陈洁盈用自身经历证明女性也可以成为优秀的厨师。故选C。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) I started working at the University of Leeds two years ago. 1 that the Business Confucius Institute was offering Chinese evening classes on the university campus，I decided to 2 a beginner class. My first class took place in January 2023.My Chinese teacher，Mr Kong，was highly 3 and engaging.Each class he would teach us many new words and 4 ，and then get us to act them out in role plays 5 basic Chinese introductions and conversations，as if he would never get tired. After each lesson I felt as though my 6 had been placed in a deep fat fryer(锅) for a long period of time.Despite these initial 7 ，I made progress gradually.I began to realize that the more my brain 8 immediately after class，the more information I had 9 .Between weekly classes my mind would reorder and make sense of the chaos(混乱)．I found that Chinese phrases or nursery rhymes we had 10 would pop into my head at 11 moments，such as when in the shower or on the way to work. I found Chinese 12 —at least at beginner level—is significantly simpler than English，which has complicated grammatical rules.However，reading and writing to a decent standard 13 the memorization of some 3,000 characters.It is a real 14 enemy for the moment but I am determined to 15 him one day. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者上商业孔子学院提供的汉语夜校的经历以及学习汉语的体会。 1．A.Picturing B．Suspecting C．Noticing D．Wondering 答案　 C 解析　根据下文中的“I decided to a beginner class”可知，作者应是“注意到”商业孔子学院在大学校园里开设了汉语夜校。故选C。 2．A.take charge of B．sign up for C．take into account D．settle down in 答案　B 解析　根据下文中的“My first class took place in January 2023.”可知，作者“报名参加”了初级课程。故选B。 3．A.energetic B．optimistic C．excellent D．intelligent 答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“as if he would never get tired”可知，好像他从不觉得累，由此可知，他是“精力充沛的”。故选A。 4．A.rules B．novels C．histories D．phrases 答案　D 解析　根据上文中的“he would teach us many new words”可知，此处是教学内容，结合and可知，此处应为“短语”，与“单词”并列。故选D。 5．A.reciting B．practising C．creating D．reading 答案　B 解析　根据上文中的“and then get us to act them out in role plays”可知，此处应为“练习”基本的中文介绍和对话。故选B。 6．A.heart B．soul C．body D．brain 答案　D 解析　根据下文中的“I began to realize that the more my brain immediately after class”可推知，此处指感觉“大脑”被放入一口深油锅。故选D。 7．A.successes B．achievements C．challenges D．surprises 答案　C 解析　根据上文中的Despite可知，此空与下文内容为转折关系，结合下文中的“I made progress gradually”可知，作者逐渐取得了进步，所以，此空处应是最初有些“挑战”。故选C。 8．A.mattered B．ached C．rose D．flew 答案　B 解析　根据下文中的“Between weekly classes my mind would reorder and make sense of the chaos(混乱)．”可知，作者在课程期间会整理脑海中的混乱，所以此处指的是大脑“疼痛”。故选B。 9．A.absorbed B．forgotten C．predicted D．occupied 答案　A 解析　根据语境和上文中的“I made progress gradually”可知，作者取得了一些进步，由此可知，之后作者意识到，自己头越疼，“吸收”的信息会越多。故选A。 10．A.regretted B．intended C．covered D．pretended 答案　C 解析　根据上文中的“Chinese phrases or nursery rhymes”以及下文中的“would pop into my head”可知，中文的短语或童谣会在不经意间出现在作者的脑海里，由此可知，此处指的是作者“学过”的中文短语或歌谣，cover有“翻唱”的意思，在此可引申为 “学过”。故选C。 11．A.unexpected B．precious C．rare D．intentional 答案　A 解析　根据后文“such as when in the shower or on the way to work”可知，在“意想不到的”时刻符合语境。故选A。 12．A.character B．pronunciation C．dictation D．grammar 答案　D 解析　根据下文中的“simpler than English，which has complicated grammatical rules”可知，此处用汉语的“语法”与英语的语法进行比较。故选D。 13．A.assesses B．ignores C．involves D．concludes 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“the memorization of some 3,000 characters”可知，之所以说汉语难，是因为要达到标准的读写水平“需要”记忆大约3 000个汉字。故选C。 14．A.merciful B．tough C．risky D．mature 答案　B 解析　根据上文中的“the memorization of some 3,000 characters”可知，要记忆3 000个汉字，这应是一个“艰巨的”任务，也就是一个“难以对付的”敌人。故选B。 15．A.guarantee B．appreciate C．overcome D．conquer 答案　D 解析　根据上文中的“enemy for the moment”可知，作者把记忆3 000个汉字看成是一个难以对付的敌人，所以此处应为“征服”他。故选D。 训练8　Developing ideas(B)　[分值：32.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Do you like to drink Coca-Cola? You can thank enslaved Africans.They brought the kola nut—one of the main parts of Coca-Cola—to what is now the United States.They also brought watermelon，black-eyed peas，some peppers and many more.These foods are eaten in the U．S.today.They show how Africans forced into slavery—beginning in the 1500s—influenced the American diet. History professor Frederick Opie wrote a book about some of the foods that connect Africa and America—Soul Food from Africa to America.He says，“If you know what people eat，you can find out where they’re from.” Opie explains that people who were bringing enslaved Africans to North America wanted to keep them alive and earn a profit.As a result，Africans on the slave ships were fed food they knew and liked.Those foods landed along with the people.Fruit and vegetables brought from Africa grew well in America.One reason is that enslaved Africans planted their own gardens to help feed themselves.In time，the plants from Africa slowly moved from gardens of the enslaved to those of the wealthy and powerful.For example，the homes of U．S.presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson had gardens planted with seeds from Africa. Those fruit and vegetables changed the way cooks made foods in America.Take pies as an example.In England，pies were made with meat.African-Americans took the English meat pie and made it with fruit or vegetables，such as sweet potatoes.Yet for the most part，the skilled black chefs have been written out of American history.In fact，both their work and their skill shaped American food.Some ways of cooking that are well-known in the U．S.today were reported in West Africa before 1500.They include deep frying fish and barbecuing meats. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了被运送到美国做奴隶的非洲人是如何影响美国人的饮食的。 1．What can be known from the first two paragraphs? A．Peppers aren’t to most Americans’ taste. B．Africans are the real creator of Coca-Cola. C．Eating habits generally differ from place to place. D．Africans and Americans learn from each other in cooking. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“If you know what people eat，you can find out where they’re from.”可知，饮食习惯通常因地而异。故选C。 2．Why are two American presidents mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To show African plants were spreading in the U．S. B．To confirm Americans enjoyed growing their own gardens. C．To explain why African plants could grow well in America. D．To prove seeds from Africa were popular with American presidents. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“In time，the plants from Africa slowly moved from gardens of the enslaved to those of the wealthy and powerful.For example，the homes of U．S.presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson had gardens planted with seeds from Africa.”可推知，本段中提到两位美国总统是为了说明非洲植物在美国的传播。故选A。 3．How is the last paragraph mainly developed? A．By making comparisons. B．By listing differences. C．By following time order. D．By giving examples. 答案　D 解析　写作手法题。根据最后一段“Those fruit and vegetables changed the way cooks made foods in America.Take pies as an example.”可推断，作者主要是以举例的方式写最后一段的。故选D。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Many American Foods Aren’t American at All B．How Enslaved Africans Influenced American Diet C．The Journey of Slaves：From Africa to America D．Why African Foods Can Grasp Americans’ Stomachs 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“They show how Africans forced into slavery—beginning in the 1500s—influenced the American diet.”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了被运送到美国做奴隶的非洲人是如何影响美国人的饮食的。故B项“被奴役的非洲人是如何影响美国人的饮食的”适合作本文标题。故选B。 B Today’s workplaces are more multicultural than ever，and it’s normal to work with people from many different places and backgrounds.This has opened up many new opportunities—but it also creates some challenges. Cultural differences aren’t just about nationality，race or belief.Many of us work in multi-generational organizations，alongside younger or older colleagues who have cultural references，assumption and attitudes that are very different from our own.All of this means that we need to be better at understanding and operating in a wide variety of cultures.That’s where Cultural Intelligence，or also CQ，the ability to adapt to new cultural settings，comes in. People with high CQ aren’t experts in every kind of culture.Instead，they have the skills to go into new environments with confidence，and to make informed judgments based on observations and evidence. These people are good at understanding unfamiliar or ambiguous behaviour.They recognize shared influences among particular groups，and this allows them to identify the impact of a particular culture. However，they also know that cultural influences are complex and interconnected.And they’re aware that while culture is significant，factors such as business roles and individual personalities can have a powerful effect on behaviour，too. For example，let’s say you have a meeting with an Italian stockbroker(证券经纪人)．Does this person behave the way people do because they’re Italian，because they’re stockbrokers，or because they’re Italian stockbrokers? Or is it because they’re millennials，or introverts? It’s likely a combination of all of these elements(要素)，so aim to avoid making assumptions or generalizations based on any single aspect. Cultural knowledge doesn’t necessarily mean that you have to know every detail of a culture.It’s about knowing how that culture in general shapes people’s behaviours，values，and beliefs.When you understand that，individual “rules” of behaviour make much more sense. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在多元文化环境下应具备文化智能。 5．Why do we need to have CQ? A．Because the Earth has become a global village. B．Because we work in multi-national organizations. C．Because we trade with people from all over the world. D．Because we work with people from different places and backgrounds. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，因为工作环境成为多文化融合的环境，我们与来自不同地方和背景的人合作，所以我们需要具备文化智能。故选D。 6．What can we learn from the passage? A．People with high CQ specialize in every kind of culture. B．People with high CQ can understand unfamiliar or uncertain behaviour. C．People with high CQ have an ability of dealing with different customers. D．People with high CQ think it is easy for them to adapt to new cultural settings. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段首句“These people are good at understanding unfamiliar or ambiguous behaviour.”可知，文化智能高的人能够理解不熟悉或不确定的行为。故选B。 7．Why does the author refer to an Italian stockbroker in paragraph 6? A．To show a special Italian man. B．To stress the importance of learning stocks. C．To prove complex cultural influences. D．To demonstrate the need of understanding others. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。第五段讲到文化的影响是复杂和相互关联的，而第六段是对第五段的举例说明，故第六段提到意大利证券经纪人是为了证明复杂的文化影响力。故选C。 8．What will be possibly discussed in the following paragraph? A．How to find the individual “rules” of behaviour. B．How to know every detail of an unfamiliar culture. C．How to work in a multicultural workplace. D．How to understand others in multicultural workplace. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“When you understand that，individual ‘rules’ of behaviour make much more sense.”可推知，接下来可能要讨论“如何找到个人的行为‘规则’”。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Commuters(上下班往返的人) were treated to an entirely different train experience on Saturday. 1 Instead，they did some thinking activities like drawing to relax.The unique service was operated by the London North Eastern Railway(LNER) and the train travelled from London’s King’s Cross to Lincoln in the UK，according to Time Out.The goal was to advance people’s understanding of what they can do to relax and manage stress. 2 It showed that 53% of people who travelled by rail enjoyed their trip because it gave them a chance to relax，according to a press release from the railroad.In fact,66% of the people surveyed believed it was important to switch off everyday noise when they travelled. Travelling by train was not just for getting to the destination but also for making the most of a relaxing environment to engage in activities that could improve one’s sense of well-being.Taking this into consideration，the railroad decided to demonstrate every possible way that people could relax on the train.This resulted in the concept of the Wellness Train. 3 They were run by a panel of experts.Each passenger received a seat in a car that featured an activity and a special bag.He/She could learn the relaxation activity with behaviour therapist(治疗专家) Ann Richardson. 4 Other thinking activities included writing，and colouring.Moreover，some were even devoted to games and puzzles. 5 But it’s hoped that passengers will try out the idea that train travel can be a relaxing and stress-relieving way to commute every day. A．How did it come about? B．This was just a one-day event. C．This special train trip offered mood-boosting activities. D．The idea was the result of research conducted by LNER. E．He/She could also learn the traditional art of paper folding. F．There is a well-established link between well-being and train travel. G．They didn’t look at their smartphones or read newspapers on this train. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由伦敦东北铁路公司运营的Wellness Train，这趟特殊的火车之旅为上班族提供了完全不同的乘车体验，人们可以通过折纸、画画等活动来缓解压力。 1．答案　G 解析　空后一句“Instead，they did some thinking activities like drawing to relax.”说明设空处是与之相反的动作。故选G。 2．答案　D 解析　空后的内容“It showed that 53% of people who travelled by rail enjoyed their trip ...In fact,66% of the people surveyed believed...when they travelled.”说明了一项调查结果，对应D项中的“the result of research”，故D项“这个想法是LNER进行研究的结果”是整段的主题句，整段内容围绕研究结果展开。故选D。 3．答案　C 解析　空前的“the Wellness Train”与C项的“This special train trip”相对应。空后一句中的They指代C项中的activities。C项“这种特别的火车之旅提供了振奋情绪的活动”对上文内容进行补充说明，符合语境，故选C。 4．答案　E 解析　空前两句介绍了这趟特殊的火车之旅提供的活动，该空后“Other thinking activities included writing，and colouring.”也提到了其他活动，由此可知该空也应该提及一些活动。E项“他/她还可以学习传统的折纸艺术”是对所提供的活动的描述，与前后内容并列。故选E。 5．答案　B 解析　由空后的But可知，上下句为转折关系，B项“这只是一个为期一天的活动”与下文构成转折，尽管这只是一天的活动，但是也可以成为一种放松减压的通勤方式。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $