Unit2 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语词汇学习核心知识点，系统梳理22个重点词汇、14组拓展词汇及9个阅读词汇，通过词形变化解析、搭配用法示例及写作佳句构建学习支架，衔接词汇认知与语境应用，形成“词汇识记-用法理解-综合运用”的完整脉络。 该资料以“分层词汇+情境化训练”为特色，拓展词汇部分通过词根词缀对比培养语言能力，如“motivate-motivation-motivated”的派生解析；阅读理解题结合人物故事提升思维品质，如Alexia案例引导分析推断。课中助力教师高效授课，课后多样化题型（单词拼写、语法填空等）帮助学生查漏补缺，强化词汇应用能力。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．switch v．(用开关)改变，转换 2．towel n．毛巾 3．constantly adv.持续不断地；经常地 4．deadline n．截止时间；最后期限 5．headphones n．(头戴式)耳机 6．headline n．媒体报道的热门话题；标题 7．district n．地区，区域 8．item n．一件商品(或物品) 9．lifelong adj.终身的 10．vision n．构想，设想 11．likewise adv.同样地；相似地 12．jar n．(玻璃)罐子，广口瓶 13．nail n．钉子 14．switch on (用开关)开，打开 15．on reflection 经再三考虑，反思 16．miss out 错过(益事或乐事)；遗漏，漏掉 17．check out 查看；调查 18．throw in the towel 认输 19．rely on 依靠，依赖 20．max out (钱)花光；(信用卡)刷爆 21．in contrast to 与……形成对比 22．put aside 储存，积蓄；搁置 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．security n．平安，安全；安全措施→secure adj.安全的；可靠的；稳固的 2．motivate v．激发，激励→motivation n．动力，动机→motivated adj.积极的；主动的 3．appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的→appropriately adv.恰当地→inappropriate adj.不恰当的；不合适的 4．occupy v．占用，占去(时间)→occupation n．占领，占用；职业→occupied adj.忙于……的；使用中的 5．distract v．分散(注意力)，使分心→distraction n．使人分心的事/物→distracted adj.分心的；注意力分散的 6．access n．接触的机会→accessible adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易懂的 7．rely v．(为生活或生存而)依赖→reliable adj.可信赖的 8．considerate adj.替他人着想的→consideration n．仔细考虑；体谅；顾及→consider v．考虑；认为→considerable adj.相当大的；相当多的→considering prep.& conj.考虑到；就……而言 9．promote v．促进，增进→promotion n．提升；晋升；促销 10．clarify v．澄清，讲清楚，阐明→clarification n．澄清，阐明 11．necessity n．必需品；必然性→necessary adj.必然的；必要的→unnecessary adj.非必然的；不必要的→necessarily adv.必然地，不可避免地 12．invest v．投资→investment n．投资；(时间、精力的)投入→investor n．投资者；投资机构 13．objectively adv.客观地→objective adj.客观的 n．目的；目标→object v．反对 n．物体；对象 14．equip v．使能够胜任，使有知识和技能；装备，配备→equipment n．器材；设备→equipped adj.装备齐全的；有准备的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Having a sharp tongue and a quick mind，he served as the moderator in the school talent show. n.主持人 2．To be honest，the process of detox is really hard for heavy smokers.n.脱瘾 3．We first built up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements.n.概况 4．We decided on a fundraising activity to help those suffering from the earthquake.n.募捐，筹款 5．Playing smartphones can certainly lead to sleep procrastination.n.拖延 6．It is bad manners to spit at others.v.吐口水，吐唾沫 7．A girl bent down，picked up the banana skins and dropped them into the nearby rubbish bin. n.垃圾箱 8．She bought me some living necessities，such as toothpaste，soap and shampoos. n.牙膏　n．肥皂 9．The National-Day celebration this year was an unprecedentedly great occasion.adv.空前地 switch n．开关；转变 vi.& vt.转换；改变；转变 ·make a switch改变 ·switch on＝turn on 打开(电灯、无线电等)，接通(电流等) switch off＝turn off关闭；切断 switch over转变；转换；换台 switch from...to...从……转变为…… (1)When you are not in the room，all the lights and the fan should be switched off. (2)The librarian often switches on the computer instantly she gets to the library. (3)She successfully switched from a country singer to a moderator last year. [写作佳句] (4)我们最好根据目前进度改变一下我们的日程安排。 We’d better make a switch about our schedule based on the present process. occupy vt.占用；占领；占据 (occupation n．工作；职业；占领；消遣 occupied adj.忙于……的；使用中) ·occupy oneself/sb with sth/in doing sth 忙于某事；专心于做某事 ·be occupied with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事 (1)The highlight of the activity is that you can experience different occupations(occupy) in one day. (2)After retiring from the TV station，the moderator occupied himself(he) with the welfare of the disabled. →After retiring from the TV station，the moderator was occupied with the welfare of the disabled. [写作佳句] (3)忙于在家照顾孩子，她几乎没有时间发展自己的爱好。 Occupied in/Occupying herself in looking after her children at home，she almost has no time to develop her own hobbies.(形容词/分词短语作状语) access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 (accessible adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易懂的) ·have/get/obtain/gain access to...拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入…… give access to接近；准许进入 ·be accessible to sb某人可接近/可靠近/可使用…… (1)Without permission，no one in our school has access to this lab. (2)Keep in mind that medicine should not be kept where it is accessible(access) to children. (3)The only access to the building was blocked so no one could enter it.n.通道，入口 [写作佳句] (4)“一带一路”的发展帮助中国贸易商得以进入更广阔的市场。 The development of “the Belt and Road” helps Chinese traders to have/get/gain/obtain access to a broader market. rely v．(为生活或生存而)依赖 (reliable adj.可信赖的) rely on/upon＝depend on/upon依靠，依赖；信赖 rely on/upon sb to do sth 依赖/相信/指望某人做某事 rely on/upon sb/sth for...依靠某人/某物…… rely on/upon it that...相信，指望…… (1)He is a reliable(rely) person whom you can rely on/upon when you are faced with trouble. (2)Do you think we can confidently rely on him to improve(improve) the image of the company? (3)We can rely on her to keep her commitment and never throw in the towel.(改为复合句) →We can rely on/upon it that she will keep her commitment and never throw in the towel. [写作佳句] (4)现在越来越多的人依靠上网而不是读报获取新闻。 More and more people are now relying on/upon surfing the Internet rather than reading newspapers for news. appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的；适当的 (inappropriate adj.不适当的；不恰当的 appropriately adv.适当地；恰当地) be appropriate to/for适合于 It’s appropriate that sb (should) do sth.某人做某事是恰当的。 It’s appropriate for sb to do sth.某人做某事是合适的。 (1)We want an education system that is more appropriate for/to the needs of the students. (2)It is evident that those children aren’t appropriately(appropriate) dressed for this cold weather. [写作佳句] (3)既然你已经长大了，再依赖你的父母就不合适了。 Now that you have grown up，it is not appropriate for you to rely on your parents any more/it is not appropriate that you (should) rely on your parents any more. considerate adj.替他人着想的；考虑周到的 [consider v．考虑 consideration n．考虑；体谅 considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的 considering prep.& conj.考虑到；就……而言] ·It is considerate of sb to do sth.某人做某事很周到。 ·consider doing sth 考虑做某事 consider sth to be/as认为……是 ·take...into consideration把……考虑在内 under consideration正在考虑中 (1)Despite the poor equipment，the experiment was a considerable(consider) success. (2)My sister is considering switching(switch) her present job to have access to the entertainment circle. (3)It is said that the new proposal from those investors is being considered. →It is said that the new proposal from those investors is under consideration. [写作佳句] (4)迈克尔通知了我们最后期限，以防我们错过，真是体贴。 It was considerate of Michael to inform us of the deadline in case we missed it. (5)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it a lot if you could take my application into consideration. equip vt.配备；装备；使有知识和技能，使能够胜任 (equipment n．设备；装备) equip...with...用……装备…… be equipped with配有…… equip sb for (doing) sth 使某人为(做)某事而准备，使某人具备做某事的条件 (1)It’s a modern，well equipped hospital，and all its equipment is of high quality.(equip) (2)Your personal finances training will equip you for your future job in this district. (3)Relying on the fundraising，every classroom in this school is equipped with a new computer. [写作佳句] (4)我具备很好的英语能力，我相信我能胜任你在报纸上刊登的职位。 Equipped with/Equipping myself with a good command of English，I am confident that I am equal to the post you advertised on the newspaper.(分词短语作状语) put aside 储存；留出(一段时间)；把……撇开不理 put away把……收拾好；储存 put forward提出，提议；将……提前 put off延期，推迟 put up举起；建造；张贴；提高；留宿 put up with容忍，忍受 (1)I sincerely advise children to put aside/away some of their pocket money. (2)We will put off the picnic until next week，when the weather may be better. (3)In that case，we will have to learn to stand some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages. →In that case，we will have to learn to put up with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages. [写作佳句] (4)我们应当循环利用教科书的建议已被提出。 A suggestion has been put forward that we should recycle the textbooks. (5)(读后续写之动作链描写)他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人赞叹的景象。 They dashed out of the car，put up the tent and settled down on the grass，enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights. Ⅰ.一词多义 promote A.v.推广，宣传　B.v.促销　C.v.促进，推动　D.v.晋升，提升　E.v.将体育运动队晋级 1．The poet is travelling around the country to promote his new poem book. A 2．He came up with varied ideas on how to promote the sales of this product. B 3．Devoting herself to education，our teacher has been promoted to headmaster. D 4．Protecting the environment will promote one country’s economic development. C 5．After months’ hard practice，they were promoted to the First Division last season(赛季)． E Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I have a vision of a world where there is full of happiness and love.想象 2．Here was an item in the paper about him.一条(新闻) 3．When he pondered over something，he always bit his nails.指甲 4．El Salvador first hit the world headlines at the beginning of the 1980s.媒体报道的热门话题 5．We could see the profile of a distant hill if it’s clear.轮廓 训练1　Vocabulary(A)　[分值：47.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．The shop is having a sale on various household items(商品)，such as toothpastes，soaps and towels. 2．It is considerate of you to inform us of the new arrangements in advance. 3．To learn more about the profile(概况) about this fundraising，please phone me. 4．In contrast to my previous impression，the atmosphere here is not tense at all. 5．You are an adult now so you shouldn’t rely on your parents for money any more. 6．If you want to succeed in detox，you must make a complete switch(转换) in your mind. 7．The news of the airline was splashed in headline(标题) across all the newspapers in this country. 8．The government has taken a number of effective measures to promote the economy in this district. 9．To prevent myself from being distracted，I have no access to any electronic equipment during my study. 10．Equipped with a new type of machine，the explorers went into a cave，hoping to find some buried treasure before the deadline. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．The library in our school is accessible(access) to all the students. 2．It is interesting to contrast the British legal system with the American one. 3．I sincerely hope you can take my suggestions into careful consideration(consider)． 4．I am sure the skillful worker has enough experience to fix all the equipment(equip)． 5．For security reasons，we suggest you switch off your mobile phone before boarding. 6．Occupied(occupy) with all kinds of political activities，the leader had no time to have a rest. 7．As far as I am concerned，trains are reliable(rely) and cheap for long-distance journeys. 8．The manager objectively(object) describes the person’s performance but says nothing further. 9．It was a challenging and demanding job，but anyway he managed it appropriately(appropriate)． 10．Professor Salovery，who invented the term EQ，gives the following description：At work，it is IQ that gets you promoted(promote)． Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) Alexia suffered from a severe disease in her brain at an early age.Despite that，she refused to be easily defeated.Instead，she chose to spread light to everyone around her. Alexia started a series of small gatherings for the kids in the neighborhood.It was her way of enhancing connections among her neighbors.For those who couldn’t attend，she made funny videos and shared her artworks on the social media.She loved to use her creativity to make ordinary things beautiful. Her mother recalled，“Somebody said Alexia was an actress and the world was her stage.She was a representative of joy.” When it was time for her to receive another operation—she had fifteen in all—Alexia could go about it with failure.No complaining and no crying，she just got through it and got back to living.Her teachers remembered her as an inspiring girl everyone wanted to be around.With an infectious(有感染力的) smile and an incredible passion for life，she approached each day as a new opportunity to conquer her illness and make a difference. Sometimes it happens that a very special person comes into our life to welcome each day with gratitude，to cherish the moments of joy，to brave life’s challenges，and to lighten up the lives of people around.Alexia’s artworks made people happy.Her videos made people suffering hard things focus on good things and stay optimistic.Her positive mindset brought a sense of hope to those facing similar challenges. Without any good luck，Alexia passed away at the age of 16.“She made a choice to live her life with joy and optimism，” said her father.That spirit continued with her family founding an organization called Alexia’s Flight，which committed to inspiring others to live life as she did.The organization raised money for medical research and also celebrated life by sharing the message: Spread your wings and shine your light. 语篇解读　本文是记叙文。从小身患重病的Alexia在勇敢地与疾病作斗争的同时，也以积极乐观的人生态度影响着其他身处困境的人。 1．How did Alexia live her life when facing her serious disease? A．She lost faith in life for her disease. B．She was actively involved in her life. C．She made videos and created artworks to make profits. D．She hardly interacted with the kids in the neighborhood. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Instead，she chose to spread light to everyone around her.”和第二段的“Alexia started a series of small gatherings...enhancing connections among her neighbors.”可知，Alexia多次组织小型聚会，以此来加强邻里之间的联系，因此推断Alexia积极地投入到她的生活中。故选B。 2．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Alexia? A．She knew very little about her disease. B．She showed a talent for acting and art. C．She had fifteen successful operations. D．She was highly thought of by others. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“Somebody said Alexia was an actress and the world was her stage.She was a representative of joy.”和“Her teachers remembered her as an inspiring girl everyone wanted to be around.”可知，有人说Alexia是一名演员，世界就是她的舞台，她是快乐的代表。在老师们的印象中，她是一个鼓舞人心的女孩。由此可知，人们对Alexia的评价很高。故选D。 3．Why did Alexia’s family found Alexia’s Flight? A．To attract more people to befriend her. B．To raise more money for her treatment. C．To tell people to face life in a right way. D．To remind people to achieve their dreams. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段的“...founding an organization called Alexia’s Flight，which committed to inspiring others to live life as she did.”可知，Alexia’s Flight致力于激励他人像Alexia一样积极地生活，因此推断建立这个组织是为了告诉人们正确地面对生活。故选C。 4．Which of the following can best describe Alexia? A．Bright and creative. B．Strong and humorous. C．Talented and honest. D．Organized but sensitive. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Instead，she chose to spread light to everyone around her.”可知，Alexia是阳光积极的，根据第二段的“She loved to use her creativity to make ordinary things beautiful.”可知，她是有创造力的。故选A。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) It is important to look after your body to help you to stay well and healthy for as long as you can.However，advice about caring for your body is conflicting and often confusing. 1 Many people abandon any effort to take care of themselves because it’s just too difficult. 2 Common sense tells us that even doing a bit more exercise or getting a bit more sleep，and not eating that second slice of cake，are likely to be helpful.The application of a little science，and quite a lot more common sense，can go a long way towards helping you to work out what’s best for you and your body. Why should you care about your body? Caring for your body makes sense. 3 Around the world，there is a growing problem of lifestyle-related diseases.These are diseases that are，effectively，caused by the way we live our lives.Most，if not all of them，are associated with not looking after our bodies.Many are associated with being overweight and not taking enough exercise，or by putting the wrong substances into our bodies.These diseases and conditions include heart conditions，high blood pressure，many forms of cancer etc. 4 However，looking after your body will go some way to helping you to live a healthier life，for longer. There are three very important aspects to looking after your body：getting enough rest and sleep，eating well，and taking exercise. 5 But with practice，you will get better at making sure that you take care of your body. A．It can be really hard to know what works the best. B．You cannot，of course，avoid every illness or condition. C．But if you do that too often，there will be consequences. D．Knowing what to do，and actually doing it are，of course，quite different things. E．However，just because it is puzzling does not mean the effort is not worthwhile. F．However，a closer examination suggests that the situation is not quite that simple. G．After all，you only get one body in this life，and you want it to last as long as possible. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了照顾好自己的身体的重要性以及如何照顾好自己的身体。 1．答案　A 解析　根据上句“However，advice about caring for your body is conflicting and often confusing.” 可知，设空处为相互矛盾和令人困惑的建议导致的结果。A项符合语境 。故选A。 2．答案　E 解析　上文说很多人因为太难而放弃照顾身体，后句则指出一点点努力也是有效的，可知设空处和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文说明为照顾自己的身体做出的努力是值得的。E项符合语境。故选E。 3．答案　G 解析　根据上句“Caring for your body makes sense.”可知，设空处说明要照顾好自己的身体的原因。G项符合语境。故选G。 4．答案　B 解析　根据后句“However，looking after your body will go some way to helping you to live a healthier life，for longer.”可知，设空处和后句为转折关系，说明照顾好自己的身体虽然不可能避免每一种疾病或状况，但是会让人更加健康和长寿。B项符合语境。故选B。 5．答案　D 解析　上句指出了三个照顾好身体的重要方面，后句提到实践的好处，结合后句的“But”可知，设空处承接上句并和后句构成转折关系，D项提到知道和做到并不一样，且其中“actually doing it”和后句的“with practice”相呼应，符合语境。故选D。 训练2　Vocabulary(B)　[分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A The benefits of positive emotions don’t stop after a few minutes of good feelings.In fact，the biggest benefit that positive emotions provide is an improved ability to build skills and develop resources for use in later life. A child，who runs around outside，swinging on branches and playing with friends，develops the ability to move athletically (physical skills)，the ability to play with others and communicate with a team(social skills)，and the ability to explore and examine the world around them(creative skills)．In this way，the positive emotions of play and joy cause the child to build skills that are useful and valuable in everyday life. These skills last much longer than the emotions.Years later，that foundation of athletic movement might develop into a scholarship as a college athlete or the communication skills may develop into a job offer as a business manager.The happiness that developed the exploration and creation of new skills has long since ended，but the skills themselves live on. All of this research begs the most important questions of all：if positive thinking is so useful for developing valuable skills and appreciating the big picture of life，how do you actually get yourself to be positive? Well，anything that arouses feelings of joy，satisfaction and love will do the trick.You probably know what things work well for you.Maybe it’s playing the guitar.Maybe it’s spending time with a certain person. Recent research by Fredrickson and her colleagues shows that people who meditate(冥想) daily display more positive emotions than those who do not.As expected，people who meditated also built valuable long-term skills.For example，three months after the experiment was over，those people who meditated daily continued to display increased mindfulness，purposes in life，social support，and decreased symptoms(症状) of illness. It is necessary to include play time in your schedule.We have plans for meetings，conference calls and other responsibilities in our daily life...Why not spare some time for play? Give yourself chances to smile and enjoy the benefits of positive emotions.Spare some time for play and adventure so that you can find joy，and explore and build new skills. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了积极情绪带来的长期好处。 1．What can be learned from the second paragraph? A．Play and joy are beneficial to kids. B．Physical skills are good for social skills. C．It is necessary to hurt kids’ positive emotions. D．It is difficult to encourage kids to explore. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In this way，the positive emotions of play and joy cause the child to build skills that are useful and valuable in everyday life.”可推知，玩耍和快乐对孩子们是有益的。故选A。 2．Which is TRUE about developing positive emotions? A．It is a must in daily life. B．Playing the guitar is the best way. C．Your friends have a big effect on you. D．Different people have different methods. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“how do you actually get yourself to be positive？Well，anything that arouses feelings of joy...Maybe it’s spending time with a certain person”可推知，对于发展积极思维，不同的人有不同的方法。故选D。 3．What does the research mentioned in paragraph 5 show? A．Meditation can give you short-term skills. B．Meditation can help you both mentally and physically. C．Meditation can reduce your work stress quickly. D．Meditation can make you have a good rest. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For example...who meditated daily continued to display increased mindfulness，purposes in life，social support，and decreased symptoms(症状) of illness.”可推知，冥想有助于发展积极心态，减轻疾病症状，有利于身心健康。故选B。 4．What should you do when you make your plans in daily life according to the text? A．You should have a positive attitude. B．You should ignore all your extra work. C．You should consider your leisure time. D．You should put your satisfaction and joy first. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据末段中的“It is necessary to include play time in your schedule.We have plans for...Why not spare some time for play？”可知，在制定日常计划时，应该考虑留出闲暇时间。故选C。 B When it comes to risky behavior，adolescence is the perfect storm.In fact，teens are hardwired to seek challenge.According to a study by University College London (UCL)，risk-taking behavior peaks(达到顶点) during adolescence.As an adolescent’s social-emotional system matures，they long for stimulation and teen challenge. Moreover，the study found that teens took risks because they enjoyed the thrill.In fact，they often understood the consequences of their behavior.However，the desire to take risks was stronger than their common sense.That’s because the teen brain is not fully developed.Therefore，the areas controlling impulses(冲动) and decision-making are still immature. The study involved adolescents and adults aged 9 to 35 years.Participants chose between risky and safe options in a computer gambling game.Scientists found that the teenagers took the most risks compared with the other groups.In fact,14-year-old teens demonstrated the most risky behavior.In other words，they were constantly seeking challenge and excitement. In another study at the University of Texas at Austin，participants aged 8 to 30 were given money as a reward for correctly identifying an image.Scientists measured how their brains responded when they found out whether their answers were right or wrong.The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels of dopamine，a chemical associated with pleasure.Dopamine motivates the brain to seek rewards and is linked to addiction.Thus，the researchers concluded that teens are more willing to take risks in order to experience rewards. Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe boundaries.In fact，a certain level of safe，positive risk-taking is essential for teens to develop their sense of self and gain self-esteem(自尊)．Healthy risk-taking activities include playing sports，outdoor adventures，performing on stage，and reaching out to make new friends. In conclusion，there’s no getting around it：Teens will always seek thrills and push the limits.They’re made that way.But parents can help them find healthy challenges that support growth and reduce risk. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。相比于成年人，青少年更喜欢冒险，原因在于他们追求刺激，作者认为在安全范围内冒险有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊。 5．What is the reason for teens’ tendency to take risks? A．They lack common sense and decision-making ability. B．They don’t understand the consequences of their behavior. C．They enjoy the excitement and actively pursue stimulation. D．Their brain areas controlling impulses are fully developed. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moreover，the study found that teens took risks because they enjoyed the thrill.”可知，青少年喜欢冒险的原因是他们享受和追求刺激。故选C。 6．How did the researchers carry out the first study? A．By analyzing the choices of teens and adults in the gambling game. B．By analyzing the results of the gambling game. C．By measuring how brains worked in the gambling game. D．By observing how excited the teens were in the gambling game. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study involved adolescents and adults aged 9 to 35 years.Participants chose between risky and safe options in a computer gambling game.”可知，研究人员通过分析青少年和成年人在赌博游戏中的选择进行了第一项研究。故选A。 7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to paragraphs 4－5? A．The more risk-taking teens are，the more self-esteem they have. B．Dopamine plays an important role in teens’ risk-taking activities. C．Making new friends shouldn’t be considered as risk-taking. D．Taking risks makes a teenager more eager for reward. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“The teenagers’ brains released the highest...Dopamine motivates the brain to seek rewards and is linked to addiction.”可推知，青少年的冒险行为与多巴胺有关。故选B。 8．What is the author’s attitude towards risk-taking behavior of teenagers? A．Negative. B．Approving. C．Objective. D．Ambiguous. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中“Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing...to develop their sense of self and gain self-esteem(自尊)．”可知，作者认为冒险有的时候不是坏事，在安全范围内的冒险有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。由此推知，作者对于青少年冒险行为的态度是客观的。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) She looks like any other schoolgirl，fresh-faced and full of life.Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course.But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1. (rest)．Instead，she is earning $6,500 a day as 2. model in New York. Sarah 3. (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.Her father Peter,44，wants her to give up school to model full-time.But Sarah,4. has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined to carry on with her 5. (educate)． She has turned down several 6. (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 7. engineering or architecture. Sarah says，“My dad tries to persuaded me 8. (take) the offer now.But at the moment，above all，I should be 9. (occupy) with school.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.It is 10. (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。16岁的萨拉作为一名模特表现出色，她父亲想让她放弃学业专心从事模特行业，但萨拉认为学业优先，不想在模特行业投入太多精力。 1．答案　resting 解析　考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。 2．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。model“模特”为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且model发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a限定。 3．答案　has been told/was told 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处需填动词作谓语，Sarah和tell之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合语境可知，此处可用一般过去时或者现在完成时，主语为Sarah，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has been told/was told。 4．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Sarah，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。 5．答案　education 解析　考查名词。her为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，education意为“教育”，是不可数名词。 6．答案　invitations 解析　考查名词复数。invitation为可数名词，several后面需加名词复数形式。 7．答案　in 解析　考查介词。in表示“在某方面”，get a degree in...获得某项学位。故填in。 8．答案　to take 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处考查try to persuade sb to do sth“试图说服某人做某事”，故此处用不定式。 9．答案　occupied 解析　考查固定用法。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语be occupied with “忙于……”。 10．答案　certainly 解析　考查副词。修饰形容词fun需用副词certainly作状语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $