Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Integrated skills（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（译林版）

本讲义聚焦“时间胶囊”主题下的综合技能训练，涵盖听力填空（精听时间胶囊定义及案例）、选择填空（时间胶囊相关事实判断），以及书信写作（给2050年人们写信）的完整指导，包括结构（开头概述时代现状、主体介绍社会成就、结尾表达希望祝福）、常用表达及范文支架，形成从输入到输出的技能链条。 该资料以主题整合听、读、写技能，通过史蒂夫·乔布斯时间胶囊等案例提升语言理解能力，写作指导分步训练（审题谋篇、遣词造句、句式升级）培养思维品质，如用定语从句合并句子。课中辅助教师开展综合技能教学，课后学生可借助范文和练习题巩固，查漏补缺，助力语言能力与学习能力发展。

Section Ⅳ　Integrated skills Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式) 1．To whom is a “letter to the future” written? A．The writer’s relatives. B．The writer’s friends. C．Whoever opens the letter. 答案　C 2．When was Steve Jobs’ time capsule dug up? A．In 2000. B．In 2013. C．In 1983. 答案　B 3．Which can best describe time capsules? A．Interesting and valuable. B．Interesting but meaningless. C．Mysterious but valuable. 答案　A Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the talk on P50 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Prof.Chen：Today，I’ll be talking about time capsules.A time capsule is a container that is buried，hidden or locked away for years.When it’s opened，the objects or images that have been placed inside provide a picture of 1.what life was like at the time it was created.It can be surprising to see what clothes people were wearing or what technology they were using at that time.Almost anything can be placed in a time capsule.The only restriction is 2.your imagination. One thing often found when a capsule is opened is a “letter to the future”，which is intended for 3.whoever opens it.The letter might describe what life was like when it was written and may also contain the hopes and wishes the writer had for future generations. Many different people and organizations have produced or contributed to time capsules.Among them is Steve Jobs.In 1983，he donated the mouse from his own Lisa computer，which was named after his daughter，to be put in a 13-foot-long time capsule.The time capsule was intended to 4.be opened in 2000 but no one could remember where it was buried！When the capsule was finally discovered and dug up in 2013，it was amazing to see how times had changed. Another fascinating time capsule was launched to the International Space Station in October 2008.It contains a list of humanity’s 5.most important achievements as well as personal messages from the Earth.It also has copies of the DNA of a few famous people，including that of Stephen Hawking，to keep it safe in case the Earth suffers a terrible disaster. Not only can creating time capsules be 6.entertaining，they can also provide future generations with valuable information about life at the time they were created.Why don’t you make a time capsule of your own？ 1．When was the 1939 World’s Fair’s time capsule to be opened? A．In 6639. B．In 6739. C．In 6839. D．In 6939. 答案　D 2．What was the message Albert Einstein wrote to future generation about? A．The technological progress and the hard times he lived in. B．Everything that happened in his life. C．His great scientific discoveries. D．Remarkable achievements man made. 答案　A 本单元的写作任务是书信写作——给2050年的人们写一封信。书信就是把要说的话写下来，给指定的对象(亲戚、朋友等)看，因而，写书信时语言要朴实、自然，说话语气要亲切、得体，要把自己的想法真实地传达给对方。 1．篇章结构 (1)开头——概述我们生活的时代和现状。 (2)主体——介绍我们当代社会的主要成就和进步。 (3)结尾——写出对未来人们的希望和祝福。 2．注意事项 (1)确定文体：这是一篇应用文。写作时注意应用文中书信的写作特点。 (2)主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 (3)主体人称：人称应以第一、二人称为主。 1．开头部分常用表达： Greetings from the past! When you are reading the letter，perhaps it will be in many years. 来自过去的问候！当你读到这封信的时候，也许是许多年以后的事了。 We are living in an age when... 我们生活在一个……的时代。 We are currently living in an exciting time that is full of... 我们现在生活在一个充满……的激动人心的时代。 I come from...，known for... 我来自……，因……而著名。 2．主体部分常用表达： The invention of...could make our lives... ……的发明可以使我们的生活…… There is no doubt that technical innovation，such as...，will make our lives... 毫无疑问，科技创新，例如……，会使我们的生活…… ...is a relatively new invention，which... ……是相对较新的发明，它…… Great breakthroughs have been made in... 在……方面已取得重大突破。 Thanks to the development of science，our lives are becoming... 由于科学的发展，我们的生活正变得…… 3．结尾部分常用表达： More breakthroughs will be made in... 在……方面将会取得更多的突破。 In the near future，...will be substituted by... 在不久的将来，……将会被……替代。 The new inventions will have a far-reaching impact on... 新发明将会对……产生深远影响。 Obviously，...will promote the development of relative industries. 很明显，……将会促进相关产业的发展。 假定你是李华，一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“A Letter to Future People”，请根据以下要点完成书信。 1．我们目前的生活现状； 2．介绍一种科技产品以及它对我们生活的影响； 3．你对未来人们的希望和祝福。 第一步　审题谋篇 审题 写作要求是给未来的人们写一封信，写作时应注意下列几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇应用文。写作时注意应用文的写作特点。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3．主体人称：人称应以第一、二人称为主。 谋篇 本文可以分为三个部分： 第一部分：介绍我们目前的生活现状。 第二部分：选择一种科技产品进行介绍并描述它对我们生活的影响。 第三部分：写出对未来人们的希望和祝福。 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇(含本单元词汇) 1．资源resource 2．把……连接到…… join...to... 3．最新信息the latest information 4．远程虚拟学习remote virtual learning 5．沉溺于be addicted to 6．改善缺陷improve the shortcomings 7．略举几例to name but a few 8．对……造成威胁pose a threat to 9．大量；许多a large quantity of/large quantities of 10．敦促某人做某事urge sb to do sth 连词成句(含本单元句型) 1．现在我们有大量可利用的资源。 Nowadays we have a large quantity of/large quantities of available resources. 2．电脑在我们的工作和生活中扮演着重要的角色，这是一个事实。 It is a fact that computers play an important role in our work and life. 3．当我们把电脑连接到互联网时，我们可以获得最新信息。 When we join a computer to the Internet，we can get the latest information. 4．通过互联网，我们可以做很多事情，包括写文章、看视频、玩游戏、购物或办公，略举几例。 We can do a lot of things through the Internet，including writing articles，watching videos，playing games，and doing shopping or office work，to name but a few. 5．一些人太沉迷于电脑。 Some people are too addicted to computers. 6．这对他们的身心健康都会造成威胁。 It poses a threat to their physical and mental health. 7．无论发生什么，我们希望有关部门可以改善科技的缺陷，能让人们过上更健康、更丰富多彩的生活。 Whatever happens，we urge the relevant authorities to improve the shortcomings of the technology and enable people to live a healthier and more colorful life. 第三步　句式升级 1．用by doing sth 结构合并句3和句4。 By joining a computer to the Internet，we can get the latest information and do a lot of things，including writing articles，watching videos，playing games，and doing shopping or office work，to name but a few. 2．用定语从句把句5和句6合成一句。 Some people are too addicted to computers，which poses a threat to their physical and mental health. 3．用urge that...句型改写句7。 Whatever happens，we urge that the relevant authorities (should) improve the shortcomings of the technology and enable people to live a healthier and more colorful life. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 Dear friends from the future， The development of science and technology makes our lives more comfortable and convenient.Nowadays we have a large quantity of/large quantities of available resources.Computers are one of them. It is a fact that computers play an important role in our work and life.By joining a computer to the Internet，we can get the latest information and do a lot of things，including writing articles，watching videos，playing games，and doing shopping or office work，to name but a few.Students can even take online courses by remote virtual learning.However，some people are too addicted to computers，which poses a threat to their physical and mental health. Whatever happens，we urge that the relevant authorities (should) improve the shortcomings of the technology and enable people to live a healthier and more colorful life. Yours， Li Hua 训练4　Integrated skills　[分值：50分] Ⅰ.应用文写作(共15分) 假定你是李华，正在以时间胶囊的形式给未来的人们介绍目前在中国通过扫描二维码(scan QR code)就可以轻松实现移动支付(mobile payment)的新发明。内容包括： 1．移动支付在中国很流行，为人们的生活提供了便利； 2．它有快捷且强大的功能，如买早餐、买飞机票等； 3．它改变了我们的生活，引领世界的发展； 4．对未来人们的希望。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellows， Greetings from the past！ Yours， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear fellows， Greetings from the past！When you are reading this letter，perhaps it’ll be in many years.Glad to tell you something about mobile payment in China in my present time. Mobile payment is very popular in China，which has made people’s daily life more and more convenient.Most of us are greedy for paying by inputting our information and scanning QR codes.By mobile payment，we can pay easily wherever we go and we can buy breakfast on the street as well as purchase our ticket on the airline website，to name but a few，which makes our lives the highlight in some ways.Mobile payment has greatly changed people’s lives in China. In your era，have payment methods become more advanced? That would be another scene! Yours， Li Hua Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A July 2023 was the world’s warmest month on record，according to the World Meteorological Organization.As heatwaves had spread across North America，Asia and Europe，UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said in a speech that the planet is entering an “era of global boiling”． How to cool the planet has long been a troubling question for scientists.They are now turning to sun-blocking technology，which refers to reflecting sunlight back into space in order to keep down the temperature of the planet’s climate. According to Euronews，a European television news network，one idea involves pumping sun-blocking particles(粒子) into the upper atmosphere.The particles will then stay in the air and redirect sunshine back upwards.It is like applying sunscreen on the outside of Earth.Researchers at Yale University，the US，outlined a plan to use 125 high-flying planes to spread the particles at latitudes(纬度) of 60 degrees north and south.The particles will then travel toward the poles，which could possibly cool the temperature there by 2℃.In the future，the planes could be used to refreeze the poles，said the researchers. Another very promising technique is called “cloud brightening”，according to Chris Sacca，a US climate expert.This method involves sending sea salt particles into clouds above the sea，making them whiter and thus reflect more sunlight back into space. In June，the US government announced in a report that it is now offering support for solar engineering research as a way to slow the rise of global temperatures.According to the report，the US government believes that the technology “offers the possibility of cooling the planet significantly on a timescale of a few years”． However，following the report，an open letter by more than 60 scientists called for caution and more research first.Kristen Rasmussen，a climate scientist at Colorado State University，the US，has been studying how these sun-blocking methods will affect rainfall patterns.She said that apart from rainfall，ecosystems and even human communities will also be affected.“We need to be very cautious on this，” Rasmussen told Scientific American. 语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了应对全球变暖的方法——使用遮阳技术，即将太阳光反射回太空以降低地球的温度。 1．Which solution is used to deal with global warming according to the text? A．Absorbing the sunlight coming from the sun. B．Reflecting the sunlight back into the space. C．Using sunscreen on the surface of the Earth. D．Applying advanced technology to weather control. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，用于应对全球变暖的一个方案是：将阳光反射回太空。故选B。 2．Which of the following does the writer agree with according to the text? A．The sun-blocking particles will cool the temperature at the poles to 2℃. B．The sea salt particles will reflect the sunlight back into the planet. C．The US government believes that cloud brightening will work well this year. D．Both sun-blocking techniques are using the principles of light reflection. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段前两句和第四段可推知，这两种遮阳技术都利用了光反射原理。故选D。 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards the sun-blocking technology? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Cautious. D．Objective. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，文章引用不同专家的观点客观介绍了这种技术，并没有提到作者的个人观点，由此可推知，作者对此技术的态度是客观的，故选D。 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A travel journal. B．A news report. C．A science magazine. D．A story collection. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，文章主要介绍了应对全球变暖的方法——使用遮阳技术，即将太阳光反射回太空以降低地球的温度，由此可推知，这与科学有关，文章可能选自科学杂志，故选C。 B Booksellers have run their trade along the banks of the River Seine for about 450 years，their time-beaten green boxes a Paris tradition as treasured as freshly baked baguettes(法棍面包)． But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls(摊位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024. One plan was for booksellers’ boxes to remain in place but they must be examined by the police first and sealed off(封锁) during the Olympic event，which would attract millions of visitors to the city—including many who would potentially visit their stalls.Another plan，considered even worse by booksellers，was to move the boxes elsewhere.Booksellers argue that the move can do damage to the books and stalls to some extent，which have been in place for 30 or 40 years. Although the city’s government has offered to relocate the bookstalls and cover the cost of the move as well as repairing damaged stalls，booksellers say the lack of consultation over a decision affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful about the future. Plus，there’s concern about what will happen when the Olympics are over.“Are they even going to offer us the same spots again after the games？” asked a bookseller.“I’m afraid that we get our boxes back either in a year，or maybe never，or with someone else’s things in them，” he said. Booksellers worried that not only would moving the boxes be much more expensive for the capital，but a relocated book market wouldn’t work.“The stalls only make sense when they are on the banks of the Seine，” they said.The attraction and culture of the boxes is their age-worn character，their poetic shades of green. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了目前巴黎警方出于对安全的考虑，要求位于巴黎塞纳河畔拥有约450年历史的书摊搬迁，以便为2024年巴黎夏季奥运会的开幕式让路，这引起了书商们的不满。 5．What trouble are Paris booksellers facing now? A．Their stalls are considered as a risk for Paris. B．They have to join in the Olympic opening ceremony. C．Their stalls must be sealed off for the city’s development. D．They may have to move their bookstalls for some reasons. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，巴黎的书商现在面临的麻烦是他们可能因为某些原因而不得不将他们的书摊搬走。故选D。 6．Which is a measure of the government for bookstalls? A．Covering the cost of repairing old bookstalls. B．Building a new landmark for the bookstalls. C．Replacing old bookstalls with new ones for free. D．Attracting more customers for the bookstalls. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Although the city’s government has offered to relocate the bookstalls and cover the cost of the move as well as repairing damaged stalls”可知，政府对于书摊采取的措施之一是承担旧书摊的维修费用。故选A。 7．What idea do booksellers hold about their stalls? A．They are much too expensive. B．They must lie along the Seine. C．They must be painted green. D．They are not a Paris landmark. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘The stalls only make sense when they are on the banks of the Seine，’ they said.”可知，书商认为他们的摊位必须位于塞纳河边。故选B。 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Paris Bookstalls Being Moved for Safety Reasons B．Paris Bookstalls Make the Banks of Seine Attractive C．Arguments over the Location of Paris Bookstalls D．Paris’s Preparation for Olympic Games 2024 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，文章主要介绍了目前巴黎警方出于对安全的考虑，要求位于巴黎塞纳河畔拥有约450年历史的书摊搬迁，以便为2024年巴黎夏季奥运会的开幕式让路，这引起了书商们的不满。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) Watching a plane fly across the sky as a young boy，Todd Smith knew that flying was what he wanted to do when he was older. After five years’ training，he finally 1 his dream job in his late twenties—working as an airline pilot.But in 2019，the travel firm he was 2 for was closed down. By this time Mr Smith had become increasingly 3 about the growing threat of climate change，and the aviation(航空) industry’s carbon emissions(碳排放)．“I had an uncomfortable 4 ，” he says.“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups，but I knew it would ruin my 5 ，and I had a lot of 6 .It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off.” Yet after hesitating for several months，Mr Smith finally 7 to quit his flying career for good.“I prefer flying and 8 interesting destinations，and earning a decent 9 ，” says Mr Smith.“But when we are 10 the climate and ecological emergency，how could I possibly 11 my needs? We need to think about how to 12 the biggest threat to humanity.” Giving up his dream job was a 13 decision，he says.“Financially I’ve been really 14 .It’s been challenging，but taking action has 15 my anxiety.” Mr Smith is now a climate activist. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了托德·史密斯如何放弃自己的飞行生涯成为一名气候活动家。 1．A.quit B．changed C．completed D．landed 答案　D 解析　根据上文“After five years’ training”和下文“his dream job”可知，他终于在快30岁的时候找到了自己梦寐以求的工作。故选D。 2．A.waiting B．preparing C．working D．looking 答案　C 解析　根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，他任职的旅游公司倒闭了。故选C。 3．A.concerned B．curious C．serious D．doubtful 答案　A 解析　根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups”可知，史密斯先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化的威胁。故选A。 4．A.tension B．conflict C．solution D．passion 答案　B 解析　根据下文“I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups，but I knew it would ruin my ”可知，史密斯先生有一种不安的矛盾。故选B。 5．A.fame B．life C．ambition D．career 答案　D 解析　根据下文“the industry”和“quit his flying career for good”可知，加入环保抗议团体意味着毁了自己的事业。故选D。 6．A.needs B．debts C．pressures D．troubles 答案　B 解析　根据下文“pay them off”可知，史密斯先生有很多债务。故选B。 7．A.refused B．promised C．expected D．decided 答案　D 解析　根据下文“quit his flying career for good”可知，史密斯先生最终决定永远放弃他的飞行生涯。下文“Giving up his dream job was a decision”也是提示。故选D。 8．A.discovering B．comparing C．recording D．visiting 答案　D 解析　根据下文“interesting destinations”可知，史密斯先生更喜欢去有趣的地方旅游参观。故选D。 9．A.salary B．honor C．award D．title 答案　A 解析　根据上文“working as an airline pilot”可知，作为一名飞行员，史密斯先生更喜欢坐飞机去有趣的地方旅游，挣一份体面的薪水。故选A。 10．A.accustomed to B．faced with C．addicted to D．trapped in 答案　B 解析　根据下文“the climate and ecological emergency”可知，此处指面对气候和生态紧急情况。故选B。 11．A.remove B．raise C．meet D．stress 答案　C 解析　根据下文“my needs”可知，此处指满足史密斯先生自己的需求。故选C。 12．A.issue B．view C．make D．handle 答案　D 解析　根据上文可知，史密斯先生放弃了自己的飞行员事业，目的是为环境保护做出贡献，再根据下文“biggest threat to humanity”可知，史密斯先生认为我们需要考虑如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。故选D。 13．A.tough B．wise C．reasonable D．positive 答案　A 解析　根据常理可知，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。故选A。 14．A.saving B．struggling C．investing D．contributing 答案　B 解析　根据上文史密斯先生有债务可知，他在经济上一直很艰难。故选B。 15．A.covered B．balanced C．eased D．increased 答案　C 解析　根据“taking action”可知，采取行动减轻了史密斯先生的焦虑。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $