Unit 3 Fit for life 同题异文 群文阅读（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（译林版）

A (本文节选自：The Guardian《卫报》) Economists have dubbed the UK’s anaemic growth its “productivity puzzle”．There are multiple factors that are probably suppressing growth in the UK more than elsewhere，including low levels of business investment，the self-imposed economic harm of Brexit and a lack of investment in key infrastructure such as transport and broadband.But in turning a spotlight on the nation’s health，the pandemic has forced us to face the fact that we are an increasingly unwell country，and that is having a significant impact on economic growth. The number of working-age people who cannot work because of long-term sickness is at a record level of 2.6 million，a number that significantly increased after the start of the pandemic.In addition，more workers than ever have health conditions that limit their ability to do their job: 3.7 million in total.Almost one in five people aged between 16 and 64 now report having a work-limiting health issue.While rates are highest for older workers—28% of those aged 55－64，compared with 15% of those aged 16－34—poor health has risen most quickly in the youngest groups; someone aged 16－34 is twice as likely to have such a problem as they were a decade ago. Improving working-age ill health must be an urgent priority.This is partly about addressing the parlous state of the NHS: the UK does not spend nearly enough on healthcare per head compared with other rich，ageing societies.Waiting lists for treatment are at record highs，with knock-on impact for people’s ability to work，and the longer people are out of work because of poor health，the more difficult it is for them to re-enter the labour market. Demand for the NHS cannot be reduced without spending more on social care for older people; a lack of care in the community means patients who do not need to be on hospital wards are spending too long there because of a lack of other options.Mental health services are in a particularly bad state; young people with such needs are having to wait months，sometimes even years to access clinical care after a GP referral.More funding for talking therapies is welcome，but only a modest start. Yet fixing the NHS is nowhere near enough.Employers need to be encouraged to provide more support for employees who are struggling with their health to help them stay in work.And the UK’s higher than average preventable mortality rate—deaths that could be avoided through treatment—is not just a matter of improving levels of acute care.Covid affected the UK more as a result of a poorer public health baseline，including internationally high levels of obesity and related conditions such as diabetes，blood pressure and cardiac conditions.Reducing the incidence of long-term health conditions among the working-age population also requires a sustained focus on improving the nation’s health through diet and exercise. 词汇积累 1．dub v．把……戏称为，给……起绰号 2．anaemic adj.贫血的；衰弱的；无活力的 3．suppress vt.抑制；阻止；压制 4．broadband n．宽带连接；宽频带；宽波段 5．parlous adj.危险的；动荡的；恶劣的 6．referral n．转送，转诊 7．acute care急性护理 8．sustained adj.持续的，持久的 1.What do the underlined words “knock-on impact” mean in paragraph 3? A．Chain effect.　　　　 B．Initial influence. C．Final impact. D．Temporary effect. 答案　A 2．What is the author’s attitude towards the UK’s current state of health and its impact on economic growth? A．Optimistic. B．Neutral. C．Worried. D．Unconcerned. 答案　C 3．What can be inferred from the passage? A．It is not quite hard to improve people’s health. B．It is unnecessary to worry about people’s health. C．It is easy to improve economy. D．It is tough to fix the NHS. 答案　D B (本文节选自：The New York Times《纽约时报》) Extreme heat is becoming increasingly common across the globe，with longer，more frequent heat waves spreading each year.These rising temperatures can put many at risk for heat-related illnesses，including heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Read on for guidance from experts on how to stay cool during the swelter—even without air conditioning. The symptoms of heat stroke，according to the C．D.C.，include a high body temperature (103°F or higher); hot，red，dry or damp skin; a fast and strong pulse; a headache; dizziness；nausea; confusion and passing out.If someone is experiencing these symptoms，call 911 immediately，and try to move the person into the shade or a cooler area if available; use cool cloths or a cool bath to lower their body temperature.Do not force them to drink anything. Making matters more confusing，denial can also be a symptom of heat stroke.A person with heat-related illness may start stumbling or appear less coordinated than usual.Ask the person if they have a headache，nausea or dizziness.Talk to them about a variety of topics to see if they exhibit symptoms of confusion. If you suspect a person is having a problem with the heat，err on the side of caution and insist they get into shade or somewhere cool.Have them drink water and spray their body with cold water or rub them down with ice or a cold cloth.If they don’t cool down quickly，seek medical advice. There’s not a one-size-fits-all rule for the amount of water to drink，said Adriana Quinones-Camacho，M.D.，a cardiologist at N．Y.U.Lagone Health.But everyone should expect to drink more than they normally would，and constant access to water is key.Drink even when you’re not thirsty.“Since we lose electrolytes when we sweat，drinking Gatorade or other sports drinks with electrolytes can also help.Think of it similar to running a marathon，with how much people can sweat on a day like today，” she said. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 词汇积累 1．swelter n．闷热的天气；热得难受 2．nausea n．恶心，作呕；极端的憎恶 3．stumble v．踉跄；结巴 4．electrolyte n．电解液，电解质 4.What does the underlined phrase “err on the side of caution” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Better safe than sorry. B．More cautious about errors. C．More concerned about safety. D．More important to prevent problems. 答案　A 5．What can be learnt from the last paragraph? A．Drink water only when thirsty. B．Drink more water than normal. C．Drink water when sweating. D．The more water you drink，the better you will be. 答案　B 6．What’s the best title of the text? A．How to Avoid Extreme Heat During Hot Seasons B．How to Choose Quality Air Conditioning C．How to Treat Heat-related Illnesses D．How to Deal with a High Body Temperature 答案　A C (选自人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 5) FIRST AID FOR BURNS The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease，toxins，and the sun’s rays.It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from losing too much water，warns you when things are too hot or cold，and gives you your sense of touch.As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. CAUSES OF BURNS You can get burnt by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，acids，or other chemicals. TYPES OF BURNS Burns are divided into three types，depending on the depth of skin damage. ·First-degree burns　These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin.These burns are not serious.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. ·Second-degree burns　These go below the top layer of the skin.They are serious and take a few weeks to get better.Examples include burns caused by hot liquids. ·Third-degree burns　These affect every layer of the skin，and sometimes the tissue under it.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes，or petrol fires.These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once. CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS First-degree burns ·dry，red，and mildly swollen ·mildly painful ·turn white when pressed Second-degree burns ·red and swollen；blisters；watery surface ·extremely painful Third-degree burns ·black and white ·swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seen ·little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn FIRST-AID TREATMENT 1．Place burns under cool running water，especially within the first ten minutes.The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2．Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 3．Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4．Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea，as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 5．If burns are on the face，make sure the victim can still breathe. 6．If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns，there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. 词汇积累 1．toxin n．毒素(尤指生物体自然产生的毒物) 2．ray n．光线；光束；(热、电等)射线 3．sense of touch 触觉 4．radiation n．辐射；放射线 5．internal adj.内部的；体内的 6．blister n．(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱；(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡 7．fabric n．织物；布料；(社会、机构等的)结构 7．What type would burns caused by hot liquids usually be classified as? A．First-degree burns. B．Second-degree burns. C．Third-degree burns. D．Not mentioned. 答案　B 8．What are the characteristics of first-degree burns? A．Dry，red and mildly swollen. B．Red and swollen with watery surface. C．Black，white and mildly painful. D．Black，swollen and extremely painful. 答案　A 9．What shouldn’t be done when a person gets burnt? A．Removing clothing if necessary. B．Drying the burned area gently. C．Cooling burns immediately. D．Applying oil to the burns. 答案　D 10．Who is the passage written for? A．Parents who love children. B．Those who need first-aid knowledge. C．People who will be doctors. D．Paramedics who need further training. 答案　B 11．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to perform the first-aid for burns. B．The functions of the skin. C．The burns and the first-aid treatment. D．The characteristics of burns. 答案　C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $