专题02 情态动词：must, have to, should（期中复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材北师大版

专题02 情态动词：must, have to, should（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 2 情态动词：must, have to, should 单项选择 1.语境化增强：题目多结合生活场景（如家庭传统、博物馆规则），需根据上下文判断情态动词的选择。 2.主客观区分强化：重点考查 must（主观必须）与 have to（客观不得不）的差异，常通过否定回答（needn't/don't have to）体现。 3.should 表建议高频：在提出意见或义务类语境中高频出现，如校园规范、社会责任等。 知识点01 must 表主观义务，“必须”（强制性强） 一、含义 说话人自己认为 “必须做某事”，强调 主观想法（比如规定、责任、个人判断）。 二、用法 1.肯定句：主语 + must + 动词原形 I must clean my room before dinner.（我认为必须在晚饭前打扫房间，主观要求） 2.否定句：主语 + mustn't（must not） + 动词原形（表 “禁止，不允许”，不是 “不必”） You mustn't cross the road when the light is red.（红灯时禁止过马路，强制禁止） 3.一般疑问句：Must + 主语 + 动词原形？（肯定回答用 must，否定回答用 needn't 或 don't have to，表 “不必”） —Must I hand in my homework today?（我必须今天交作业吗？） —Yes, you must. / No, you needn't (don't have to).（是，必须交。/ 不，不必。） 注意： 易｜错｜点｜拨 —Must I go to the meeting today? ❌ No, you mustn't.→ ✅ No, you needn't (don't have to). mustn't表 “禁止，不允许”，不是 “不必” 【即时检测】 We ______ follow the traffic rules to keep ourselves safe on the street. A. can B. must C. have to D. should 【答案】B 【解析】交通规则是保障安全的法定 / 社会强制义务，且强调 “主观上认可必须遵守”。must 表 “必须”，侧重主观认同的义务；have to 侧重 “客观压力下的不得不”，此处更强调对规则的主动遵守；can/should 语气不足，不符合 “强制义务” 的语境。 知识点02 have to 表客观必要，“不得不”（受外界影响） 一、含义 因为客观条件（比如规则、环境、他人要求）“不得不做某事”，强调 客观被迫，没有主观选择。 二、用法 有人称、时态变化（一般现在时 has to /have to；过去时 had to） 主语是三单（he/she/it）：has to 主语是复数 / 第一、二人称：have to 过去时：所有人称都用 had to 否定句：主语 + don't /doesn't /didn't + have to（表 “不必”，= needn't） 疑问句：Do / Does / Did + 主语 + have to + 动词原形？ 三、例句 一般现在时：My brother has to get up at 6:30 because his school starts early.（哥哥不得不早起，因为学校上课早，客观原因） 过去时：Yesterday I had to stay at home because it rained heavily.（昨天我不得不待在家，因为下大雨，客观原因） 否定：You don't have to buy me a gift.（你不必给我买礼物，= needn't） 【即时检测】 If you have a high fever, you ______ go to see a doctor. You can't stay at home alone. A. might B. can C. have to D. should 【答案】C 【解析】“发高烧” 是客观紧急情况，且后文 “不能独自在家” 强调 “必须就医” 的客观必要性。have to 表 “不得不、必须”，侧重客观情况导致的强制；should 表 “建议”，语气不足；might/can 与 “必须就医” 的语境无关。 知识点03 should 表建议，“应该”（语气委婉） 一、含义 给对方提建议，“（按道理 / 情理）应该做某事”，不强制，对方可选择是否听从。 二、用法 无人称、时态变化（所有人称都用 should + 动词原形） 否定句：主语 + shouldn't（should not） + 动词原形（表 “不应该”） 疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？（回答用 should /shouldn't） 三、例句 肯定：You should drink more water when you have a cold.（感冒时应该多喝水，提建议） 否定：He shouldn't play computer games for too long.（他不应该玩太久电脑游戏，建议不要做） 疑问：—Should we go to the park this weekend?（我们这周末应该去公园吗？） —Yes, we should. / No, we shouldn't.（是，应该去。/ 不，不应该。） 【即时检测】 It's going to rain. Mom says I ______ take an umbrella with me. A. should B. have to C. can D. must 【答案】A 【解析】妈妈提醒 “带伞” 是基于 “要下雨” 的合理建议，而非强制要求。should 表示 “应该”，符合 “提出建议” 的语境；have to/must 表 “必须”，语气过强；can 表 “能”，与 “建议” 无关。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—I feel so tired these days. —You ________ take a break and relax. A．would B．could C．should D．might 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这些天我感到很累。——你应该休息和放松一下。 考查情态动词用法。would会；could可以；should应该；might可能。根据“I feel so tired these days.”可知，我感到很累，所以“应该”休息和放松一下，should表示建议。故选C。 2．You ________ wear a helmet when riding here. It's the rule. A．must B．needn't C．can D．may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在这里骑车时，你必须戴头盔。这是规定。 考查动词辨析。must必须；needn't不需要，不必；can能；may可能。根据后文“It's the rule.”可知，此处应该表达骑自行车时，你必须戴头盔。故选A。 3．---I don't care what people think. ---Well, you ___. You're not alone in this world. A．can B．may C．should D．will 【答案】C 【解析】句意：﹣﹣我不在乎别人怎么想． ﹣﹣哦，你应该在乎的．在这个世界上你不是一个人。can能，会，表示能力；may可以，表示允许；should应该，表示建议；will愿意，表示意愿。根据﹣﹣﹣Well，you ___．You're not alone in this world，可知答话的人提了一个建议﹣﹣你应该关注别人对你的评价的，故用表示建议，故用情态动词should，故选C。 4．—Mrs. Smith, do I have to hand in my report now? —Well, you ________. Everyone except you has given theirs to me. A．mustn't B．needn't C．must D．need 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——史密斯老师，我现在必须交报告吗？——哦，你必须交。除了你之外，所有人都已经把他们的报告给了我。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn't禁止；needn't不必；must必须；need需要。根据“do I have to hand in my report now”及“Everyone except you has given theirs to me.”可知，必须要现在交报告，故选C。 5．When you leave the classroom, you ________ switch the lights off. A．can B．may C．must D．would 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当你离开教室时，你必须把灯关掉。 考查情态动词。can可以；may可能；must必须；would将会。根据“When you leave the classroom”可知离开教室时关灯是一种必要的行为，表示一种义务或规定。故选C。 6．—Mum, ________ I finish my homework first? —Yes, you must. A．must B．should C．can D．may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我必须先完成作业吗？——是的，你必须这样做。 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；can能；may可能。根据“I finish my homework first?”以及“Yes, you must.”可知此处是询问是不是必须要先完成作业。故选A。 7．Children over 120 cm tall ________ pay the full price for the exhibition show. A．can B．may C．must D．should 【答案】C 【解析】句意：身高超过120厘米的儿童必须支付展览的全价。 考查情态动词。can能够；may可能；must必须；should应该。根据常识可知，身高在120厘米以上的孩子需要付全票，故选C。 8．Life is like riding a bicycle. To prevent you from falling down, you ________ keep moving. A．can B．can't C．must D．mustn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：生活就像骑自行车。为了防止摔倒，你必须保持前进。 考查情态动词辨析。can能；can't不能，无法；must必须；mustn't禁止。根据“To prevent you from falling down, you…keep moving.”可知，保持前进是预防摔倒必须做的事情，must表示“必须”，符合语境。故选C。 9．—I'm really busy these days. —Be relaxed.You ________ listen to light music. A．can't B．mustn't C．should D．shouldn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：-----这些天我真的很忙。----放松点。你应该听轻音乐。考查情态动词。A. can't不能；B. mustn't禁止；C. should应该；D. shouldn't不应该。根据上文“Be relaxed放松点。”可知“你应该听轻音乐。”结合句意可知填should；选C。 10．—Mom, Could I go to the movies? —Yes, but you can't stay out late. You ________ come back before 10:00. A．could B．may C．must D．should 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我能去看电影吗？——是的，但是你不能在外面待到很晚。你必须在10点前回来。 考查情态动词。could能；may可以；must必须；should应该。根据“come back before 10:00.”可知，应说必须十点前回来。故选C。 11．Because of the rainstorm, we ________ leave early. A．have to B．may C．can D．might 【答案】A 【解析】句意：因为暴雨，我们不得不早点离开。 考查情态动词。have to不得不；may可能；can能够；might可能。根据“Because of the rainstorm”可知，暴雨是客观原因，导致“不得不”提前离开，强调必要性而非可能性。故选A。 12．—Mom, I don't want to say sorry to Lisa. —I'm afraid you ________. After all, you lost her favourite book. A．may B．mustn't C．have to D．needn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我不想向丽莎道歉。——恐怕你不得不。毕竟，你弄丢了她最喜欢的书。 考查情态动词辨析。may也许，可能；mustn't禁止；have to不得不，强调客观上的必要性；needn't不必。根据“After all, you lost her favourite book”可知，因为弄丢了丽莎最喜欢的书，所以客观上有必要向她道歉，用“have to”符合语境。故选C。 13．—Could I use your bike? —Yes, you ________. But you ________ keep it clean. A．can't; must B．can; must C．must; can D．could; can 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我可以用你的自行车吗？——可以，你可以用。但你必须保持它干净。 考查情态动词。can't不能；can可以；must必须；could可以，过去式。根据“Could I...”和“Yes”可知，could表示请求，是委婉语气，肯定回答要用can；根据“But you...keep it clean.”可知，此处指必须保持自行车的干净，用must表示必须。故选B。 14．—________ I finish the report today? — No, you ________. You can hand it in next Monday. A．Must; mustn't B．Can; can't C．May; may not D．Must; needn't 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我必须今天完成这份报告吗？——不，你不必。你可以下周一再处理。 考查must引导的一般疑问句。Must必须；Can能；May可能。句子询问“必须今天完成报告吗”，需用Must提问，表示“必须”。mustn't禁止；can't不能；may not不可以；needn't不必。回答以must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用“Yes, you must”，否定回答用“No, you needn't”或“No, you don't have to”‌。故选D。 15．—Must I return the book this week?   —No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days. A．don't have to; keep B．needn't; borrow C．mustn't; keep D．mustn't; lend 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我必须在本周还书吗？——不，你不必这样做。你可以借20天。 考查情态动词的一般疑问句。在以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用need't或者don't have to，故排除C和D。第二空根据“it for 20 days.”可知该空是延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，因此排除B。故选A。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1．— Jane, can you come to my birthday party this Saturday? — Sorry, I can't. I ________ look after my little sister while my parents are away. A．must B．mustn't C．have to D．don't have to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——简，这个星期六你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起，我不能。父母不在的时候，我不得不照看我的小妹妹。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；mustn't禁止；have to不得不；don't have to不需要。根据“Sorry, I can't. I ... look after my little sister while my parents are away.”可知，照顾妹妹并非说话者主观上的意愿，有被迫之意，所以用have to。故选C。 2．—I'm leaving now. —It's rainy. Better stay here. Call a taxi if you ________. A．will B．may C．have to D．could 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——现在我要走了。——下雨了。你最好待在这。如果你不得不离开那就叫个出租车吧。 考查情态动词辨析。will将要；may可能；have to不得不；could能，会。由答语“It's rainy. Better stay here.”可知，第二个人不希望第一个人现在走，叫出租车是在不得不离开的情况下发生的。故选C。 3．—Must I finish that work today, Mr. Cheng? —No, you ________. You may finish it in five days. A．needn't to B．mustn't C．don't have to D．don't need 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我今天必须完成那项工作吗，程先生？——不，你不需要。你可以在五天内完成它。 考查情态动词。根据“Must I finish that work today, Mr. Cheng?”可知，此处是回答情态动词must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答应是Yes，主语+must；否定回答应是No，主语+needn't/don't have to。故选C。 4．My baby sister is coughing a lot. She ________ see a doctor soon. A．should B．may C．can D．need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的小妹妹咳嗽得很厉害。她应该马上去看医生。 考查情态动词。should应该；may可能；can能；need需要。根据“see a doctor”可知她咳嗽，所以是应该去看医生。故选A。 5．To organize your time well, I think you ________ spend too much time on video games. A．might B．should C．shouldn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了合理安排时间，我认为你不应该在电子游戏上花费太多时间。 考查情态动词。might 可能；should 应该；shouldn't 不应该。根据“To organize your time well...”可知，这里是针对合理安排时间的建议，指不应该花太多时间玩游戏，故选C。 6．—I'm not feeling well, Dr. Green. My stomach aches a lot. —You _________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest. A．should B．can C．shouldn't D．can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我感觉不舒服，格林医生。我胃疼得厉害。——你应该吃点药，躺下休息一下。 考查动词辨析。should应该；can能；shouldn't不应该；can't不能。根据“take some medicine and lie down for a rest”可知，此处是建议病人“应该”吃药和休息来缓解不适，故选A。 7．To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。 考查动词辨析。may not也许不；should not不应该；need not不需要；could not不能。根据“To achieve our dream, we...rest on what we have done.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。 8．— Mom, why do you leave home so early every day? — Because I________ get to work before 8:00. It's one of the office rules. A．mustn't B．have to C．can D．have 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——妈妈，你为什么每天这么早就离开家呢？——因为我必须在 8 点之前赶到公司上班。这是办公室的规定之一。 考查情态动词用法。mustn't禁止；have to不得不，必须；can能够；have有。根据“why do you leave home so early every day”及“get to work before 8:00”可知，早早地离开家是因为必须 8 点之前赶到公司上班，故选B。 9．You must feel very tired after 2 hours' waiting at the crossroad. In fact, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．don't have to B．mustn't C．can't D．shouldn't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时后，你一定觉得很累。事实上，你不必一直站着。你可以找个地方休息。 考查情态动词。don't have to不必；mustn't禁止；can't不能；shouldn't不应该。根据“You can find a place to rest.”可知，你可以找一个地方休息，不必一直站着。故选A。 10．Tom, you ________ talk in the library, and you ________ be quiet. A．can; must B．can't; mustn't C．have to; must D．can't; must 【答案】D 【解析】句意：汤姆，你不能在图书馆里说话，你必须保持安静。 考查情态动词。can能；can't不能；have to不得不；must必须；mustn't禁止。根据“in the library”可知，图书馆里不能说话，应用can't；同时在图书馆里必须保持安静，应用must。故选D。 11．A hard-working man ________ be a successful man, but a successful man ________ be a hard-working man. A．may not; can B．can't; may C．may not; must D．can't; should 【答案】C 【解析】句意：一个勤奋的人可能不会成为一个成功的人，但是一个成功的人一定是一个勤奋的人。 考查情态动词辨析。may not可能不；can可能；can't不可能；may可能；must必须，一定；should应该。根据“A hard-working man...be a successful man”可知，第一空表达“可能不”，用may not；根据“a successful man...be a hard-working man”第二空表达肯定的推测“一定”，用must。故选C。 12．—Mum, it's too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That's too dangerous! A．Could; mustn't B．Need; couldn't C．Must; needn't D．Should; can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，天太热了。我可以和朋友们在湖里游泳吗？  ——不，你不准。那太危险了！ 考查情态动词用法辨析。Could可以，用于委婉请求；mustn't不准，表禁止；Need需要；couldn't不能；Must必须；needn't不必；Should应该；can't不能。第一空用“Could”表委婉请求许可，第二空因湖里游泳危险，应用“mustn't”表禁止。故选A。 13．—Must I come at 6:00 tomorrow morning? —No, you________. You________come one hour later. A．shouldn't; might B．mustn't; may C．needn't; can D．can't; must 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——明天早上，我必须六点到这吗？——不，你不必。你可以一个小时之后来。 考查情态动词。shouldn't不应该；might可能，也许；mustn't禁止； may可能，也许；needn't不需要； can能，会；can't不能；must必须。Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用“No, 主语+needn't.”，表示“不，某人不必”，第一个空用needn't；第二空，根据句意表示“能、可以”，故用can。故选C。 14．—Must I return the book this week?   —No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days. A．mustn't; keep B．needn't; borrow C．don't have to; keep D．mustn't; lend 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我必须在本周还书吗？——不，你不必这样做。您可以借20天。 考查情态动词的一般疑问句。在以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用need't或者don't have to，故排除A和D。第二空根据“it for 20 days.”可知该空是延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，因此排除B。故选C。 15．—Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it one week ago. —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another week. A．needn't; keep B．don't have to; borrow C．mustn't; keep D．mustn't; lend 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我必须这周还书吗？我一周前借的。——不，你不必。你可以再借一个星期。 考查情态动词及延续性动词的用法。mustn't禁止；don't have to不必；needn't不必。keep保持，是延续性动词；borrow借入，是短暂性动词；lend借出，是短暂性动词。第一空，以must开头的一般疑问句的否定性回答要用needn't或don't have to，排除C项和D项。第二空，“for+一段时间”要与延续性动词一起连用，排除B项。故选A。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．You ________ use mobile phones during the exam. It's against the rules. A．mustn't B．needn't C．couldn't D．wouldn't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：考试期间你不能使用手机。这是违反规定的。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn't禁止；needn't不需要；couldn't不能；wouldn't不会。根据语境可知，考试期间使用手机是违反规定的，所以此处表示“禁止”，用mustn't。故选A。 2．If you live near the shopping mall, you ________ go far to buy things. A．have to B．don't have to C．haven't to D．needn't to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你住在购物中心附近，你不必走很远去买东西。   考查情态动词用法。have to必须；don't have to不必；haven't to和 needn't to为错误表达。根据句意，住在购物中心附近的人不需要走很远，因此应选择表示“不必”的选项。故选B。 3．—Why didn't you go to the party last night? —Because I ________ finish my homework first. A．had to B．could C．might D．would 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你昨晚为什么没去参加派对？——因为我必须先完成我的家庭作业。 考查情态动词的用法。had to不得不；could能够；might可能；would将会。根据“Because I...finish my homework first.”可知，此处表示不得不先完成作业。故选A。 4．—It's raining heavily. ________ we cancel the picnic? —Good idea. Safety comes first. A．Must B．Should C．Might D．Need 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——雨下得很大。我们应该取消野餐吗？——好主意。安全第一。 考查情态动词。Must必须，强调义务或必要性；Should应该，用于提出建议或征求意见；Might可能，指可能性；Need需要，指必要性。根据“Good idea.”可知，此处使用should，表达一种委婉的建议。故选B。 5．—I can't give up smoking, Doctor Frank. —For your health, I'm afraid you ________. A．may B．can C．have to D．might 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我戒不了烟，弗兰克医生。——为了你的健康，恐怕你不得不这么做。 考查情态动词的用法。may可能；can能够；have to必须，不得不；might或许。根据“For your health, I'm afraid you...”可知医生建议对方“必须”戒烟，强调必要性。故选C。 6．—Must I come to sign this paper in person? —No, you ________. Your parents can do that for you, too. A．can't B．shouldn't C．mustn't D．needn't 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我必须亲自来签署这份文件吗？——不，你不需要。你的父母也可以为你做。 考查情态动词辨析。can't不能；shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止；needn't不需要。根据“Must I come to sign this paper in person?”可知，以must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't或don't have to。故选D。 7．—How was the youth club last night, Simon? —It was great fun. You ________ come. A．should B．can C．must D．ought 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——西蒙，昨晚的青年俱乐部怎么样？ ——非常有趣。你应该来。 考查情态动词。should应该；can可以；must必须；ought应该去做。ought to=should，也就是说ought to可以看成情态动词，ought不是情态动词。根据“It was great fun.”可知，这里是你应该来，排除D。故选A。 8．—_________ I swim here? —I'm sorry. Children _________ swim alone here. It's very dangerous. A．Must; can't B．May; shouldn't C．Can; mustn't D．Can; needn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我可以在这里游泳吗？——非常抱歉。孩子禁止独自在这里游泳。非常危险。 考查情态动词。must必须；can't不能；may可以，表请求；should't不应该；can可以，表请求；mustn't禁止；needn't不必。第一个空根据“I'm sorry.”可知，上文应是表示请求，故排除A；第二个空根据“It's very dangerous.”可知，这里很危险，故孩子应禁止独自在这里游泳。故选C。 9．—I'm sorry I ________ not get there on time. The traffic is heavy now. —That's OK. Take your time. A．must B．may C．need D．should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——对不起，我可能不能按时到达那里。现在交通很拥挤。  ——没关系。慢慢来。 考查情态动词。must必须；may也许；need需要；should应该。根据“The traffic is heavy now.”判断，应该是也许不能按时到达那里，此处表示肯定推测。故选B。 10．You must feel very tired after two hours' waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to be seated for a rest. A．mustn't B．don't have to C．can't D．shouldn't 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时，你一定很累了。其实，你不必一直站着。你可以找个地方坐下休息。 考查情态动词的用法。mustn't禁止；don't have to不必；can't不能；shouldn't不应该。根据题干后半句“You can find a place to be seated for a rest（你可以找个地方坐下休息）”可知，此处表达的是“不需要一直站着”，强调“没有义务或必要性”，而非“禁止”或“能力不足”。don't have to表示“不必”，符合语境，故选B。 11．—Must I come before 6: 30 tomorrow? —________. That will be fine before 7: 00. A．No, you needn't B．No, you mustn't C．Yes, you need D．Yes, you must 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我必须在明天6点半以前来吗？——不，你不需要。7点前就可以了。 考查一般疑问句。根据“Must I come before 6: 30 tomorrow?”可知，以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn't/don't have to。根据“That will be fine before 7: 00.”可知，此处应用否定回答。故选A。 12．In order to speak English well, we ________ be afraid of losing face, because the most important thing is to practice. A．should B．shouldn't C．may D．may not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了说好英语，我们不应该害怕丢面子，因为最重要的事情是练习。 考查情态动词。should应该；shouldn't不应该；may可能；may not可能不。根据“we...be afraid of losing face, because the most important thing is to practice.”可知，是不应该害怕丢面子，最重要的是练习。故选B。 13．—Must I go out to have dinner with you, Mom? —No, you ________, my dear. You're free to make your own decision. A．shouldn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．can't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我一定要和你出去吃饭吗，妈妈？——不，你不必，亲爱的。你可以自己做决定。 考查情态动词。shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止；needn't不需要；can't不能。根据“You're free to make your own decision.”可知，孩子可以自己做决定，所以不必一定要和自己出去吃，must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答为you needn't/don't have to。故选C。 14．With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner, my mum ________ sweep the floor herself. A．can't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．doesn't have to 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在iRobot地板清洁机的帮助下，我妈妈不必自己扫地。 考查情态动词。can't不能；mustn't禁止；shouldn't不应该；doesn't have to不必。根据“With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner”可知，有了iRobot地板清洁机的帮助，妈妈“不必”自己扫地。故选D。 15．—You ________ drive so fast, Mike! It's dangerous. —You're right. But I ________ get to the museum by 10 o'clock. A．shouldn't, have to B．couldn't, must C．mustn't, may D．needn't, can 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你不应该开那么快，Mike！太危险了。——你是对的。但是我必须在10点到达博物馆。 考查情态动词。shouldn't不应该；have to不得不，必须；couldn't不可能；must必须；mustn't禁止；may也许；needn't不必；can能够。根据“It's dangerous.”可知，此处是指不应该开这么快，用shouldn't表示；根据“I ... get to the museum by 10 o'clock.”可知，空二处表达“不得不在10点到达博物馆”，用have to表示。故选A。 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） 1．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Must I stay here and wait for you? —No, you ________. You can go home now. A．needn't B．can't C．mustn't D．shouldn't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我必须待在这里等你吗？——不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。 考查动词辨析。needn't不需要；can't不能；mustn't禁止；shouldn't不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you?”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用needn't表示“不需要”。故选A。 2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can't C．should D．shouldn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：嘘……！这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。 考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能；can't不能；should应该；shouldn't不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知，此处是建议小点声，故选C。 3．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it's bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn't D．would 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你不应该在睡觉前吃太多的食物，否则对你的身体不好。 考查情态动词辨析。can 可以；could可以；shouldn't不应该；would将会。根据“or it's bad for you”可知，此处建议睡觉前不要吃太多的食物，故选C。 4．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）—Must I answer this question in English? —No, you ________. A．mustn't B．needn't C．can't 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我必须用英语回答这个问题吗？——不，你不必。 考查情态动词及一般疑问句。mustn't表禁止；needn't不必；can't不能。上文是情态动词must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答是：No, 主语+needn't/don't have to。故选B。 5．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．must B．can C．may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——根据交通规则，人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。——是的。否则他们将受到惩罚。 考查动词辨析。must必须；can可以；may也许。根据“People ... wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.”可知，戴头盔是交通规则，必须遵守，故选A。 6．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Must I come before 6:00 tomorrow morning? —No, you ________. The meeting will begin at 8:00. A．mustn't B．needn't C．can't D．shouldn't 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我明天早上必须在6点之前来吗？——不，你不必。会议将在8点开始。 考查动词辨析。mustn't禁止；needn't不必；can't不能；shouldn't不应该。对于must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答，用needn't或don't have to。故选B。 7．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—In order to keep healthy, we ________ have breakfast. —You're right. Breakfast is very important for our health. A．mustn't B．can't C．must 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——为了保持健康，我们必须吃早餐。——你是对的。早餐对我们的健康很重要。 考查动词辨析。mustn't禁止；can't不能；must必须。根据“In order to keep healthy, we...have breakfast.”可知，早餐对我们的健康很重要，所以我们必须吃早餐。故选C。 8．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My father is too tired. Something ________ to keep him relaxed. A．should do B．should be done C．must do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我爸爸太累了。应该做点什么让他放松。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。should应该；must必须。此处something和do之间是被动关系，故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done。故选B。 9．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）It is a rule that passengers ________ smoke in the high-speed railway. A．wouldn't B．needn't C．mustn't D．couldn't 【答案】C 【解析】句意：乘客禁止在高铁上吸烟是一条规定。 考查情态动词。wouldn't不会；needn't不必；mustn't禁止；couldn't不能。根据“It is a rule that…”（这是一项规定）可知，此处强调强制性的禁止，故选C。 10．（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Whose volleyball is this? —It ________ be Lucy's. She loves volleyball. A．can't B．must C．mustn't 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这是谁的排球？——一定是露西的。她爱排球。 考查情态动词。can't不是；must一定；mustn't禁止。根据“She loves volleyball.”可知此处指肯定推测，用must。故选B。 11．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—May I swim in the river? —No. You ________ keep away from the river. The sign says “No Swimming”. A．must B．mustn't C．need D．can't 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我可以在河里游泳吗？——不。你必须远离那条河。牌子上写着“禁止游泳”。 考查情态动词。must必须；mustn't禁止；need需要；can't不能。根据“The sign says ‘No Swimming'.”可知那条河是禁止游泳的，所以必须远离那条河。故选A。 12．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—________ we protect this old building? —Yes, you must. It is our treasure. A．Must B．Will C．Can D．Could 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我们必须保护这座古老的建筑吗？——是的，你们必须。它是我们的财富。 考查情态动词。must必须；will将要；can能；could可以。根据“Yes, you must”可知是询问是否必须要保护这座建筑。故选A。 13．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）If a football team wants to enter the World Cup, it ________ become a member of FIFA first. A．may B．must C．can D．might 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果一支足球队想进入世界杯，就必须首先成为国际足联的成员。 考查情态动词。may可能；must必须；can能；might可能。根据“If a football team wants to enter the World Cup, it...become a member of FIFA first”可知想要进入世界杯，必须先成为国际足联的成员。故选B。 14．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）In order to keep our environment clean and tidy, we ________ throw rubbish into the bins (垃圾箱). A．mustn't B．can't C．must 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了保持我们的环境干净整洁，我们必须把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。 考查情态动词。mustn't禁止；can't不能；must必须。根据“throw rubbish into the bins”可知必须把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。故选C。 15．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）—________ people wear helmets (头盔) when riding electric bicycles? —Yes. It's a new traffic rule. A．Can B．Must C．May 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔吗？——是的。这是一项新的交通规则。 考查动词辨析。Can可以；Must必须；May也许。根据“It's a new traffic rule.”可知，是一项新的交通规则，所以骑电动自行车必须戴头盔。故选B。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 情态动词：must, have to, should（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 2 情态动词：must, have to, should 单项选择 1.语境化增强：题目多结合生活场景（如家庭传统、博物馆规则），需根据上下文判断情态动词的选择。 2.主客观区分强化：重点考查 must（主观必须）与 have to（客观不得不）的差异，常通过否定回答（needn’t/don’t have to）体现。 3.should 表建议高频：在提出意见或义务类语境中高频出现，如校园规范、社会责任等。 知识点01 must 表主观义务，“必须”（强制性强） 一、含义 说话人自己认为 “必须做某事”，强调 主观想法（比如规定、责任、个人判断）。 二、用法 1.肯定句：主语 + must + 动词原形 I must clean my room before dinner.（我认为必须在晚饭前打扫房间，主观要求） 2.否定句：主语 + mustn’t（must not） + 动词原形（表 “禁止，不允许”，不是 “不必”） You mustn’t cross the road when the light is red.（红灯时禁止过马路，强制禁止） 3.一般疑问句：Must + 主语 + 动词原形？（肯定回答用 must，否定回答用 needn’t 或 don’t have to，表 “不必”） —Must I hand in my homework today?（我必须今天交作业吗？） —Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t (don’t have to).（是，必须交。/ 不，不必。） 注意： 易｜错｜点｜拨 —Must I go to the meeting today? ❌ No, you mustn’t.→ ✅ No, you needn’t (don’t have to). mustn’t表 “禁止，不允许”，不是 “不必” 【即时检测】 We ______ follow the traffic rules to keep ourselves safe on the street. A. can B. must C. have to D. should 知识点02 have to 表客观必要，“不得不”（受外界影响） 一、含义 因为客观条件（比如规则、环境、他人要求）“不得不做某事”，强调 客观被迫，没有主观选择。 二、用法 有人称、时态变化（一般现在时 has to /have to；过去时 had to） 主语是三单（he/she/it）：has to 主语是复数 / 第一、二人称：have to 过去时：所有人称都用 had to 否定句：主语 + don’t /doesn’t /didn’t + have to（表 “不必”，= needn’t） 疑问句：Do / Does / Did + 主语 + have to + 动词原形？ 三、例句 一般现在时：My brother has to get up at 6:30 because his school starts early.（哥哥不得不早起，因为学校上课早，客观原因） 过去时：Yesterday I had to stay at home because it rained heavily.（昨天我不得不待在家，因为下大雨，客观原因） 否定：You don’t have to buy me a gift.（你不必给我买礼物，= needn’t） 【即时检测】 If you have a high fever, you ______ go to see a doctor. You can’t stay at home alone. A. might B. can C. have to D. should 知识点03 should 表建议，“应该”（语气委婉） 一、含义 给对方提建议，“（按道理 / 情理）应该做某事”，不强制，对方可选择是否听从。 二、用法 无人称、时态变化（所有人称都用 should + 动词原形） 否定句：主语 + shouldn’t（should not） + 动词原形（表 “不应该”） 疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？（回答用 should /shouldn’t） 三、例句 肯定：You should drink more water when you have a cold.（感冒时应该多喝水，提建议） 否定：He shouldn’t play computer games for too long.（他不应该玩太久电脑游戏，建议不要做） 疑问：—Should we go to the park this weekend?（我们这周末应该去公园吗？） —Yes, we should. / No, we shouldn’t.（是，应该去。/ 不，不应该。） 【即时检测】 It’s going to rain. Mom says I ______ take an umbrella with me. A. should B. have to C. can D. must 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—I feel so tired these days. —You ________ take a break and relax. A．would B．could C．should D．might 2．You ________ wear a helmet when riding here. It’s the rule. A．must B．needn’t C．can D．may 3．---I don't care what people think. ---Well, you ___. You're not alone in this world. A．can B．may C．should D．will 4．—Mrs. Smith, do I have to hand in my report now? —Well, you ________. Everyone except you has given theirs to me. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．must D．need 5．When you leave the classroom, you ________ switch the lights off. A．can B．may C．must D．would 6．—Mum, ________ I finish my homework first? —Yes, you must. A．must B．should C．can D．may 7．Children over 120 cm tall ________ pay the full price for the exhibition show. A．can B．may C．must D．should 8．Life is like riding a bicycle. To prevent you from falling down, you ________ keep moving. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 9．—I'm really busy these days. —Be relaxed.You ________ listen to light music. A．can't B．mustn't C．should D．shouldn't 10．—Mom, Could I go to the movies? —Yes, but you can’t stay out late. You ________ come back before 10:00. A．could B．may C．must D．should 11．Because of the rainstorm, we ________ leave early. A．have to B．may C．can D．might 12．—Mom, I don’t want to say sorry to Lisa. —I’m afraid you ________. After all, you lost her favourite book. A．may B．mustn’t C．have to D．needn’t 13．—Could I use your bike? —Yes, you ________. But you ________ keep it clean. A．can’t; must B．can; must C．must; can D．could; can 14．—________ I finish the report today? — No, you ________. You can hand it in next Monday. A．Must; mustn’t B．Can; can’t C．May; may not D．Must; needn’t 15．—Must I return the book this week?   —No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days. A． don’t have to; keep B．needn’t; borrow B． C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; lend 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1．— Jane, can you come to my birthday party this Saturday? — Sorry, I can’t. I ________ look after my little sister while my parents are away. A．must B．mustn’t C．have to D．don’t have to 2．—I’m leaving now. —It’s rainy. Better stay here. Call a taxi if you ________. A．will B．may C．have to D．could 3．—Must I finish that work today, Mr. Cheng? —No, you ________. You may finish it in five days. A．needn’t to B．mustn’t C．don’t have to D．don’t need 4．My baby sister is coughing a lot. She ________ see a doctor soon. A．should B．may C．can D．need 5．To organize your time well, I think you ________ spend too much time on video games. A．might B．should C．shouldn’t 6．—I’m not feeling well, Dr. Green. My stomach aches a lot. —You _________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest. A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t 7．To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 8．— Mom, why do you leave home so early every day? — Because I________ get to work before 8:00. It’s one of the office rules. A．mustn’t B．have to C．can D．have 9．You must feel very tired after 2 hours’ waiting at the crossroad. In fact, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．don’t have to B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 10．Tom, you ________ talk in the library, and you ________ be quiet. A．can; must B．can’t; mustn’t C．have to; must D．can’t; must 11．A hard-working man ________ be a successful man, but a successful man ________ be a hard-working man. A．may not; can B．can’t; may C．may not; must D．can’t; should 12．—Mum, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A．Could; mustn’t B．Need; couldn’t C．Must; needn’t D．Should; can’t 13．—Must I come at 6:00 tomorrow morning? —No, you________. You________come one hour later. A． shouldn’t; might B．mustn’t; may B． C．needn’t; can D．can’t; must 14．—Must I return the book this week?   —No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days. A．mustn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．don’t have to; keep D．mustn’t; lend 15．—Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it one week ago. —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another week. A． needn’t; keep B．don’t have to; borrow B． C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; lend 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．You ________ use mobile phones during the exam. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t 2．If you live near the shopping mall, you ________ go far to buy things. A．have to B．don’t have to C．haven’t to D．needn’t to 3．—Why didn’t you go to the party last night? —Because I ________ finish my homework first. A．had to B．could C．might D．would 4．—It’s raining heavily. ________ we cancel the picnic? —Good idea. Safety comes first. A．Must B．Should C．Might D．Need 5．—I can’t give up smoking, Doctor Frank. —For your health, I’m afraid you ________. A．may B．can C．have to D．might 6．—Must I come to sign this paper in person? —No, you ________. Your parents can do that for you, too. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 7．—How was the youth club last night, Simon? —It was great fun. You ________ come. A．should B．can C．must D．ought 8．—_________ I swim here? —I’m sorry. Children _________ swim alone here. It’s very dangerous. A．Must; can’t B．May; shouldn’t C．Can; mustn’t D．Can; needn’t 9．—I’m sorry I ________ not get there on time. The traffic is heavy now. —That’s OK. Take your time. A．must B．may C．need D．should 10．You must feel very tired after two hours’ waiting at the crossroads. Actually, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to be seated for a rest. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．can’t D．shouldn’t 11．—Must I come before 6: 30 tomorrow? —________. That will be fine before 7: 00. A． No, you needn’t B．No, you mustn’t C．Yes, you need D．Yes, you must 12．In order to speak English well, we ________ be afraid of losing face, because the most important thing is to practice. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may D．may not 13．—Must I go out to have dinner with you, Mom? —No, you ________, my dear. You’re free to make your own decision. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．can’t 14．With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner, my mum ________ sweep the floor herself. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．doesn’t have to 15．—You ________ drive so fast, Mike! It’s dangerous. —You’re right. But I ________ get to the museum by 10 o’clock. A． shouldn’t, have to B．couldn’t, must B． C．mustn’t, may D．needn’t, can 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） 1．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Must I stay here and wait for you? —No, you ________. You can go home now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 3．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 4．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）—Must I answer this question in English? —No, you ________. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t 5．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．must B．can C．may 6．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Must I come before 6:00 tomorrow morning? —No, you ________. The meeting will begin at 8:00. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 7．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—In order to keep healthy, we ________ have breakfast. —You’re right. Breakfast is very important for our health. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．must 8．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My father is too tired. Something ________ to keep him relaxed. A．should do B．should be done C．must do 9．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）It is a rule that passengers ________ smoke in the high-speed railway. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 10．（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Whose volleyball is this? —It ________ be Lucy’s. She loves volleyball. A．can’t B．must C．mustn’t 11．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—May I swim in the river? —No. You ________ keep away from the river. The sign says “No Swimming”. A．must B．mustn’t C．need D．can’t 12．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—________ we protect this old building? —Yes, you must. It is our treasure. A．Must B．Will C．Can D．Could 13．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）If a football team wants to enter the World Cup, it ________ become a member of FIFA first. A．may B．must C．can D．might 14．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）In order to keep our environment clean and tidy, we ________ throw rubbish into the bins (垃圾箱). A．mustn’t B．can’t C．must 15．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）—________ people wear helmets (头盔) when riding electric bicycles? —Yes. It’s a new traffic rule. A．Can B．Must C．May 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $