Unit 2 Bridging cultures 同题异文 群文阅读（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版）

该高中英语单元复习课件围绕“Bridging cultures”主题，通过同题异文群文阅读系统梳理知识。整合知识获取、成年意义、语言学习三篇文本，以主题关联和阅读策略为脉络，构建阅读技能与文化认知的知识网络。 其亮点在于创新群文阅读复习策略，结合分层阅读理解题和词汇积累，培养学生语言能力与文化意识。如对比不同文本对“成长与认知”的阐述，提升思维品质，帮助学生巩固阅读技巧和文化理解，教师可精准实施分层复习教学。

阅读理解 同题异文　群文阅读 Bridging cultures Unit 2 1 A 本文选自：北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5 It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.To start with，we need questions.Then，to find answers，we observe the world around us and study the facts.After that，we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones.Although today we are more used to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to give us an answer，modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis—luckily for us. However，in the 17th century when Francis Bacon (1561—1626) suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge，he was going against the views of the day.Although Bacon held an important rank in King James’ royal court of England，his true interest was not the day-to-day，slow and inefficient working style of the government，but the worthy search for knowledge.This was certainly not the interest of most people in his days.At that time，people believed more in the church than in facts，and people like Galileo Galilei (1564—1642)，who proved the idea that “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and didn’t want to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.In fact，when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe，instead of believing him，people chose to believe views that were almost 2,000 years old! It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive ideas as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384－322 BCE).He said that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still.Galilei disagreed.At first， people approved of his studies and urged him to continue，but later when he proved Aristotle wrong，they grew angry and put him in prison.They didn’t want to abandon what they’d always thought as true.And this is still often true today.People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so.But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him，he was wrong at times.And Galilei also made mistakes.He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle.He was wrong. Therefore，our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing.In other words，we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say，“We know it all.” We need to thank the great men of the past for their wisdom.They understood that we don’t know everything and probably never will，for that would mean a world with questions. We owe so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to people like Bacon and Galilei，who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of conventional thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilisation is built upon.These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man，and more beneficial to mankind，some might say，than all the money in the world. 1.How do we tend to gain the answer to a question nowadays? A.By thinking about the questions. B.By testing each questions. C.By searching the Internet. D.By studying the facts. √ 2.Why was Galileo Galilei put in prison? A.Because he was seen as the father of astronomy. B.Because he proved the Earth is the centre of the universe. C.Because he inspired many great scientists and philosophers. D.Because he proved Aristotle wrong，which made people angry. √ 3.What did Bacon and Galilei have in common? A.Both contributed a lot to the world. B.Both worked in the royal court of England. C.Neither went against the conventional thought. D.Neither fought for knowledge and understanding. √ 4.What’s the main idea of the text? A.How we acquire knowledge. B.How we understand others. C.Why we believe in our forefathers. D.Why we pass on our knowledge. √ 词汇积累 1.inefficient adj.效率低的 2.wisdom n.智慧 3.conventional adj.守旧的；传统的 B 本文选自：外研版选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 The Age of Majority In most countries，turning 18 marks the start of adulthood.But what does reaching this milestone，the age of majority，really mean? Will you be completely in charge of your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways? What new responsibilities will this freedom bring? Here，three young people tell us what turning 18 means，or meant，to them. 13 Bethany 16，Victoria，Australia I can’t wait to be 18.One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school，I won’t be voting in the next general election.Why? Because I still won’t be old enough.Surely，if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes，you should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them! I’ve also been taking driving lessons，and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very day I turn 18.My mum worries about me being behind the wheel.As an ambulance driver，she’s seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21.But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people. Lin Ning 19，Shanghai，China I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university.I expected to feel instantly different，as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.But it wasn’t like that.When I woke up the next day，there were still rules to obey and lessons to attend.In fact，the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager I used to be，I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility.To give an example，I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow. This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents (although I knew they would approve).Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me.I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer.Of course，I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point，but I currently don’t have a steady income，so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have! Morgan 20，Florida，the US People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives，and that we should become more independent.I used to believe this，but the reality for me has been very different.I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18，but how wrong I was! My librarian’s salary means that I’ll be living at home with my parents for a while longer.Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive，I find it hard to save any money.I’ll be starting a new job next month，however，so maybe things will get easier.I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment，but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment，and I do like my mom’s cooking.I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age. 1.Why can’t Bethany wait to be 18? A.Because she is eager to work. B.Because she wants to leave school. C.Because she desires to get the vote and a driving licence. D.Because she wants to have a say on how the government spends the 　taxes. √ 2.What age does Bethany’s mother think the legal age for getting a driving licence should be? A.16. B.18. C.20. D.21. √ 3.What does Lin Ning think being an adult means? A.It means he can go to university. B.It means he can celebrate his birthday freely. C.It means he needn’t obey rules or attend lessons. D.It means he should have a stronger sense of social responsibility. √ 4.Why will Morgan be living at home with his parents for a while longer? A.He has a well-paid job. B.He has to start a new job next month. C.He is independent as expected. D.He earns a low salary working as a librarian. √ 5.What is the passage mainly about? A.The age of majority varies in different countries. B.Some views about the right to vote. C.What the age of majority means. D.Young people should be independent. √ 词汇积累 1.adulthood n.成年 2.milestone n.重大事件，里程碑 3.the age of majority 法定成年年龄 4.have a say 有发言权 5.very adj.恰好的，(特指人或事物)正是的 6.behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车 7.subtle adj.难以察觉的；微妙的 8.tempt v.诱惑，引诱 8.deployment n.部署，调动 9.hub n.(活动的)中心；枢纽机场 10.oversight n.负责，照管；失察，疏忽 11.diplomatic adj.外交的，从事外交的 12.akin adj.相似的，类似的 13.impulse n.冲动；心血来潮 14.intertwine v.(使)缠结，(使)缠绕在一起 C 本文节选自：The Guardian《卫报》 Follow the money，follow the language app. In 2009，a US-based German-Guatemalan university professor and entrepreneur，Luis von Ahn，and his Swiss-born postgraduate student Severin Hacker launched Duolingo，a free app with a pesky green owl as its mascot. For all that its USP is a childish competitiveness，with league tables，incentivising caskets spilling cartoon jewels，and a twerking TikTok profile，it has soared ahead of its competitors. Duolingo now teaches more than 40 languages to more than 70 million students,54% of whom are aged between 18 and 34. It has a paid-for version for those who want to avoid adverts. Though it has yet to turn a profit，in 2019 Forbes Magazine counted it among the 25 next billion-dollar startups. In February this year alone，it registered more than 13 million new downloads. It is an early adopter of the advanced artificial intelligence model GPT-4，and its offerings include look-at-me gimmicks such as courses in Star Trek’s Klingon and Game of Thrones’ High Valyrian，but also minority languages such as Xhosa and Navajo. The length it takes to complete a course varies，but the 216 units currently available in Spanish—its most popular language，with more than 30 million learners—would take several years of a 15-minute-a-day habit. Though few actually complete a course，Duolingo，like its many competitors，shows that there is an aspiration to be multilingual，even in the foreign-language-averse anglophone world，which provides the majority of its learners. Earnest academic papers have been written about how much these learners benefit. Some demonstrate that it is a useful aid in classroom teaching，while others point out that it will never enable anyone to conduct a complex conversation about astrophysics，or get beyond the earliest stages of fluency，as laid out by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Both are right. Languages are social constructs that exist to enable communication between people. While apps cannot replace interpersonal conversation or immersion in a culture，they can supplement it. Their success should serve as a wake-up call: a reminder that foreign languages have a valuable role to play in any fit-for-purpose education system，as much for personal enrichment as for career advantage in a networked world. 1.Why is Duolingo invented? A.To help people learn languages. B.To make money. C.To show the latest technology. D.To promote the new product. √ 2.What can we learn from the passage? A.Duolingo has a free version and a paid version. B.Duolingo offers no courses in minority languages. C.Duolingo has less than 70 million students. D.Duolingo is the most popular language-learning app on the market. √ 3.What’s the author’s attitude to Duolingo? A.Neutral. B.Negative. C.Unconcerned. D.Positive. √ 词汇积累 1.pesky adj.讨厌的，麻烦的 2.mascot n.吉祥物，福神 3.casket n.棺材；骨灰盒；小箱vt.把……装进小箱；入殓 4.spill v.(使)洒出，泼出，溢出 5.adopter n.养父母；(新技术)应用者 6.gimmick n.暗机关；骗人的玩意；花招vt.使暗机关；搞骗人的玩意 7.anglophone n.以英语为母语的人 8.astrophysics n.天体物理学 9.immersion n. (做某事的)专心，投入；浸没 10.fit-for-purpose 符合目的的 本课结束 $