Unit 1 Section Ⅴ (2) Reading for Writing（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“Science and scientists”主题，通过钱学森与霍金的人物传记阅读，系统训练细节理解、篇章结构分析及语言特征提炼能力，搭建从阅读输入（如细节题、结构梳理、决心句摘抄）到写作输出（审题谋篇、句式升级）的学习支架，衔接紧密。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如长句分析拆解复合句结构并结合翻译提升语言运用，写作指导以“牛顿煮鸡蛋”故事为例，通过倒装句等句式升级训练逻辑表达。渗透文化意识，以科学家爱国情怀与科学精神引导价值判断，助力学生积累素材并提升读写综合能力，为教师提供系统教学步骤与实例参考，优化课堂效率。

Section Ⅴ Using Language (2)—Reading for Writing Science and scientists Unit 1 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　写作技法指导 整体理解 课文 3 Activity 1　Read for details[细节把握] 1.Why did Qian Xuesen come back to China? A.He wanted to serve his country. B.He met with difficulties in America. C.He was a hero in China. D.He missed his family. √ 2.What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the passage? A.His strong interest in art like music and drawing. B.His research in the United States. C.His friends’ encouragement. D.His habit of reading a lot. √ 3.How was Hawking’s own theory proved correct? A.Fred Hoyle admitted the mistake himself. B.He worked with others to prove it true. C.He pointed out and corrected Fred Hoyle’s mistake in the maths. D.Hawking was the most famous scientist in physics at the moment. √ 4.What does the word “holds” in the sentence “The first was the steady state theory，which holds that the universe has no beginning or end.” mean? A.Gets. B.Points. C.Closes. D.Declares. √ 5.What helped Hawking in his fight against the disease? A.Cleverness. B.Dreams. C.Determination. D.Mistakes. √ Activity 2　Read for structures[文章架构] What is the structure of the first passage The Father of China’s Aerospace? Part 1(Para.1) Brief introduction of 1._____________ ↓ Part 2(Paras.2－6) Different stories to show Qian’s outstanding 2._________ ↓ Part 3(Para.7) Qian’s 3._______ Qian Xuesen qualities death Activity 3　Read for language features[增分靓句] 1.Find out sentences showing the characters’ determination. (找出表现人物决心的句子) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)However，after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect(protect)and defend the country. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2)After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US，Qian returned to China in 1955. (3)When he was asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”，his reply was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” 2.Find out sentences showing the characters’ personalities. (找出表现人物性格的句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)Besides being brilliant，he was brave，though sometimes careless in what he said or did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say，and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore，he was quite determined. (2)Above all，Hawking was willing to admit his faults. 返 回 难句分析 长句 13 1.Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort，achievement，and devotion，Qian was extremely well-respected man. (P7第一篇 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是 句，Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man...devotion是过去分词短语作 ，其中who引导 从句，修饰先行词 。 汉语翻译：__________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 an 复合 状语 定语 a man 钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且热爱祖国、勤勉努力、甘于奉献、成就斐然。 2.However，after the Songhu Battle (break) out in 1932，Qian made the decision (switch) his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force (protect) and defend the country. (P7第一篇 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，after引导的是 从句，because引导的是 从句，that引导的是 从句，作动词realised的宾语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ broke to switch to protect 复合 时间状语 原因状语 宾语 不过，1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。 3.After overcoming some (difficulty) during his final few years in the US，Qian returned China in 1955. (P8第一篇 Para.4) 结构分析：此句是 句，After overcoming...是介词短语作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。 difficulties to 简单 状语 4.He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also (it) space and missile programme. (P8第一篇 Para.4) 结构分析：此句是 句，received和was put是两个并列 ，developing...是动词-ing形式作介词of的 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ its 简单 谓语 宾语 他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。 5.When he (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”，his reply was a (determine) “Why not？We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” (P8第一篇 Para.4) 结构分析：此句是 句，when引导的是 从句，that引导的是 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ was asked determined 复合 时间状语 定语 有人问他：“我们中国人有可能制造出导弹吗？”他的回答十分坚定：“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来的，我们中国人同样能造得出来。” 6.Under Qian’s leadership，China developed the Dongfeng missiles，followed by first generation of Long March rockets. (P8第一篇 Para.5) 结构分析：此句是 句，followed by...是过去分词短语作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。 the 简单 定语 7.Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecrafts can also (trace) back to Qian’s research，Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”. (P8第一篇 Para.5) 结构分析：此句是 句，because引导的是 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 由于“神舟”系列飞船的大部分技术也可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”。 be traced 复合 原因状语 8.Most people are familiar images of him in his wheelchair，unable to move and using a computer to talk. (P8第二篇 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是 句，unable to move是形容词短语作 ，using a computer to talk是动词-ing形式作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。 with 简单 定语 定语 9.Since he came down with a disease which caused him (lose) the use of most of his muscles，his world became one of abstract thought. (P8第二篇 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是 句，since引导的是 从句，which引导的是 从句，修饰先行词 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成一个抽象思维的世界。 to lose 复合 原因状语 定语 a disease 10.Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough ________(walk)，as graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. (P8第二篇 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，when引导的是 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 霍金最早成名于1964年，当时他身体健康，行动自如，是剑桥大学物理学研究生。 to walk a 复合 时间状语 11.The first was the steady state theory，which holds that the universe has no (begin) or end. (P8第二篇 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，which holds that the universe...是which引导的 从句，且在该从句中包含that引导的 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 12.The other was the big bang theory，which holds that universe began at a single point in time and space. (P8第二篇 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，which引导的是 从句，修饰先行词the big bang theory，that引导的是 从句，作动词holds的宾语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 第一个是稳恒态理论，认为宇宙无始无终。 beginning 复合 非限制性定语 宾语 the 复合 定语 宾语 另一个是大爆炸理论，认为宇宙始于时空中的一个点。 13.During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s _________(lecture)，Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. (P8第二篇 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，stood up和pointed out是并列 ，that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths是 从句，从属连词that可省略。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 在霍伊尔的一次讲座中，霍金在问答环节站了起来，指出霍伊尔教授计算有误。 lectures 复合 谓语 宾语 14.Once the maths (correct)，it showed that the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true. (P8第二篇 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，once引导的是 从句，that引导的是_____从句，从属连词that可省略。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 错误纠正之后显示大爆炸理论而非稳恒态理论是正确的。 was corrected 复合 状语 宾语 15.Besides (be) brilliant，he was brave，though sometimes careless in what he said or did. (P9第二篇 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句，though sometimes careless 是 的省略，完整形式是though he was sometimes careless。what he said or did是_____从句，作介词in的宾语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 除了才华横溢之外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。 being 复合 状语从句 宾语 16.He was willing (say) what others were afraid to say，and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. (P9第二篇 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句，what others were afraid to say和what others were afraid to dream about是 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 他敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。 to say 复合 宾语 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 1　 过去分词(短语)作状语 Born in Shanghai in 1911，Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. (P7第一篇 Para.2) 钱学森1911年生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。 结构分析：此句是简单句，Born in Shanghai in 1911是过去分词短语作状语，to study Railway Mechanical Engineering是不定式短语作目的状语。 • 及物动词的过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动的和完成的动作；不及物 动词的过去分词(短语)作状语只表示完成的动作。 • 过去分词(短语)作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称 一致。 • 有的过去分词已经转化成了形容词，作状语时不表示动作而是表示主 语的一种状态。 (1)(读后续写之情绪描写)既害怕又沮丧，简坐在一棵树旁，紧紧地用双臂抱住肩膀让自己暖和点。 _____________________，Jane sat beside a tree and held her shoulders in her arms tightly to make herself warm. (2)(应用文写作之邀请信)很高兴得知你对剪纸感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加我们学校下周日举行的剪纸展览会。 ____________________________________________________，I am writing to invite you to attend a paper-cutting exhibition to be held in our school next Sunday. Scared and frustrated Delighted to learn that you are interested in paper-cutting (3)受到他的善举的鼓舞，我决定将来帮助更多的人，使我们的世界更美好、更温暖。 ____________________________，I determined to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and much warmer. Inspired by his act of kindness 2　 what引导的名词性从句 However，what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things，such as music and drawing. (P8第一篇 Para.6) 然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 结构分析：此句是复合句，连接代词what引导的是主语从句，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。 连接代词what除引导主语从句外，还可引导表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，意为“什么”“……的事”“……的地方”“什么的样子”“……的时间”。 (1)我不知道我能从这个活动中获得什么，因此我不确定是否应该参加。 I have no idea ，so I am not sure whether I should take part in it or not. (2)信不信由你，我们学校建在曾是废墟的地方。 Believe it or not，our school is built on . (3)他不再是过去的样子了，现在他能够致力于学习。 He isn’t and now he can devote himself to learning. what I can benefit from the activity what used to be a ruin what he used to be (4)(2023·天津3月，书面表达)令我们印象最深刻的是我的同桌总是乐意帮助任何需要帮助的人。 _______________________ is that my deskmate always willingly offers a hand to whoever needs help. (5)(读后续写之动作描写)在似乎一个世纪的时间之后，我的丈夫终于出现，我冲向前，紧紧地拥抱他，眼里含着泪水。 After ，my husband finally arrived and I dashed forward and hugged him tightly，with my eyes filled with tears. 返 回 What impresses us most what seemed like a century 技法指导 写作 37 本单元的写作目标是“发表观点”，要求就科学家的精神进行分析并针对科学家的生活、工作和学习发生的故事发表自己的看法。文章应有一定的人物描写，主要是介绍某科学家的基本信息及其事迹。 1.Born in...in...，...attended schools in...……年生于……，……在……上学。 2.He/She was an outstanding man/woman with the name of...他/她是名字叫……的杰出男性/女性。 3....is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.……是最杰出且最有天赋的科学家之一。 4....studied at a local high school and graduated from...……在一所当地高中学习，毕业于…… 常用表达 5....is such a learned/strong-willed/devoted person that we all admire/respect... ……是如此博学的/意志坚定的/尽职的人，我们都钦佩/尊敬…… 6....devoted all his/her life to the work.……终生致力于工作。 7....made great contributions to our country.……为我们的国家做出了巨大贡献。 8....was highly thought of by many people.许多人对……做出了高度评价。 9....will live in the hearts of us forever.……将永远活在我们心中。 牛顿是世界著名的科学家，关于他的故事有很多，其中有一个牛顿煮鸡蛋的故事。有一次为他做饭的仆人外出，让牛顿自己煮鸡蛋，由于太投入于工作，牛顿煮的是他的怀表而不是鸡蛋。请你根据牛顿煮鸡蛋的故事，以“A Story of Newton”为题写一篇文章，并据此发表一下自己对科学精神的看法。 注意： 　1.写作词数应为80个左右； 　2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 分步演练 第一步　审题谋篇 第二步　遣词造句 [核心词汇]　(含本单元词汇) 1.最杰出且最有天赋的 ________________________________ 2.投入于 ______________ 3.煮鸡蛋 _______________ 4.不仅……而且…… ____________________ 5.如此……以至于 ___________ 6.不是……而是…… ____________ 7.与……相联系 __________________ the most outstanding and gifted be devoted to cook the eggs not only...but also... so...that... not...but... be linked to/with [连词成句]　(含本单元句型) 1.牛顿是最杰出且最有天赋的科学家之一。 Newton is . 2.牛顿是如此投入以至于他经常在日常生活中忘却小事。(so...that...) Newton ________________________________________________________. 3.一个仆人为牛顿做饭。 _________________ for Newton. 4.他想要出去。 He ________________. one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists was so devoted that he often forgot the little things in his daily life A servant cooked wanted to go out 5.他让牛顿自己煮鸡蛋。 He asked Newton ______________________. 6.当仆人回来时，他发现正在锅里煮的不是鸡蛋而是一只怀表。 When the servant came back，____________________________________ _________________________. 7.杰出科学家的成功与投入有密切联系。 The success of outstanding scientists __________________________. to cook the eggs himself he found that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot is closely linked to devotion 第三步　句式升级 1.请用倒装句升级句2。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.请用定语从句和现在分词短语作状语合并句3、句4和句5。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写句6。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ So devoted was Newton that he often forgot the little things in his daily life. A servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out，asking Newton to cook the eggs himself. When the servant came back，what he found was that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文　 A Story of Newton Newton is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.So devoted was Newton that he often forgot the little things in his daily life. Once，a servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out，asking Newton to cook the eggs himself.However，when the servant came back，what he found was that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot. From the story we can learn the success of outstanding scientists is closely linked to devotion. There is no denying that he is highly thought of by many people and he will live in the hearts of us forever. 返 回 本课结束 $