Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦Unit 1 Science and scientists词汇学习，涵盖基础词汇（重点、拓展、阅读词汇）、核心词汇突破（用法、短语、例句及写作佳句）和高考热点微练（一词多义、熟词生义），构建从基础积累到高考应用的学习支架，帮助学生逐步夯实词汇基础并建立知识脉络。 其亮点在于以分层词汇教学为核心，结合高考真题情境设计写作佳句（如读后续写、应用文例句）提升语言能力，通过一词多义辨析培养思维品质，系统的拓展词汇和练习策略助力学习能力发展。教师使用可高效推进词汇教学，学生能扎实掌握词汇并灵活应用于语境。

Section Ⅰ Science and scientists Unit 1 Vocabulary 1 Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1. adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 2. n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 3. vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 4. vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 contradictory household suspect blame 5. n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 6. n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联 7. adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 8. n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 9. n.统计数字；统计资料；统计学 handle link raw decrease statistic 10. n.显微镜 11. n.思想；思维；见解 12. n.蛋白质 13. n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房 14. n.病毒 15. n.框架；结构 16. adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体 microscope thinking protein cell virus framework solid 17. vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷 18. n.阴影；影子；背光处 19. n.彩虹 20. vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料) 21. n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 22. adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的 23. adj.抽象的；理论上的 n.(文献等的)摘要 cast shadow rainbow pour concrete outstanding abstract 24. n.概念；观念 25. n.望远镜 26. prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外 27. adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 28. adv.此外；再者 29. n.弱点；过错 30. n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向 concept telescope besides brilliant furthermore fault shift 31. 最终地；彻底地 32. 同意；赞同 33. 幸亏；由于 34. (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 35. 主管；掌管 36. 患(病)；染上(小病) 37. 最重要的是；尤其是 once and for all subscribe to thanks to break out in charge of come down with above all 1. adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 →severely adv.严重地；严厉地 2.frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 → vt.使懊丧；使沮丧 →frustrating adj.令人沮丧的 →frustration n.懊丧；懊恼 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 severe frustrate 3.infection n.感染；传染 → vt.使感染；传染 →infectious adj.感染的；传染性的；有感染力的 4. vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) →subscription n.订阅；同意 →subscriber n.订阅者；订户；认购人 5.proof n.证据；证明；检验 → vt.证明；证明是 infect subscribe prove 6. adj.数量多的；多种多样的 →multiply vi.& vt.乘；繁殖 7.intervention n.介入；出面；干涉 → vi.干预；介入 8. adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的 →purely adv.完全地；纯粹地 →purify vt.净化；使……洁净 9.substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 → n.物质；物品；事实根据 multiple intervene pure substance 10. vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 →transformation n.(彻底的)变化；转变；变革 →transformative adj.有改革能力的，起改造作用的 11.finding n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 → (found，found) vt.发现 12.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的 →initially adv.起初；最初 → vt.开始实施；发起 transform find initiate 13.mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的 → n.机械师；机械修理工 →mechanism n.机械装置 14. vt.保卫；防守；辩解 →defence/defense n.防御；保卫 15.assistant n.助理；助手 → vt.帮助；协助 →assistance n.帮助；协助；援助 mechanic assist defend 16.leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能 →leader n.领导 → v.引路；引领；导致；处于领先地位 17.gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 → n.礼物；天赋；天资 18. adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的 →steadily adv.稳定地；平稳地；稳步地 lead gift steady 19.astronomer n.天文学家 → n.天文学 20. adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 →vividly adv. 生动地 astronomy vivid 1.The germ would be an even smaller organism that attacks its host germ from within. Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 n.微生物；细菌；病菌 n.泵；抽水机 2.The pump doesn’t work and we have no running water. n.流行病学 3.They report the finding in the latest issue of the journal Epidemiology. 4.The search for a new vaccine will take priority over all other medical research. n.疫苗 adj.爱国的 n.喷气式飞机 5.The scientist is so patriotic that he has been determined to return to his motherland despite numerous difficulties. 6.The accident happened as the jet was about to take off. 7.He was trained to be an engineer and was sent to Russia to study missile technology. n.导弹 vt.查出 8.A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others. 返 回 词汇突破 核心 20 vt.& vi.怀疑；认为(坏事可能属实或发生) n.被怀疑者；犯罪嫌疑人 1 (1)The person I respect most is my English teacher，who never suspects us achieving our dreams. ＝The person I respect most is my English teacher，who never suspects _____ we can achieve our dreams. of suspect suspect that＋从句　怀疑……；觉得…… suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做过)某事 that (2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我担心地看了老师一眼，低声说：“我确实怀疑自己的写作能力。” I cast a worried look at my teacher，murmuring，“__________ ____________________________.” 写作佳句 I do suspect myself of my ability in writing be to blame (for sth)(对某事)负有责任；应受责备 blame sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事责备某人；把(做)某事归咎于某人 blame sth on sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某事 vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.过失；责备 blame 2 (1)Although the teaching assistant was (blame) for the severe mistake，the foreign teacher didn’t blame her it. to blame for (2)(话题写作之人际交往)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，与其责怪别人，我们应该把一些错误归咎于自己。 When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always ________ _________________.After all，many times __________________. So instead of ，we _________________________ ____________. 写作佳句 blame others for mistakes we are also to blame blaming others should blame some mistakes on ourselves • decrease by...减少了…… decrease (from...) to...(从……)减少到…… • on the decrease正在减少 n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 decrease 3 (1)Furthermore，the number of the students in our school reading classics has decreased 30%.That is，the number has decreased from 1,000 700. by to (2)(话题写作之传统文化)青少年对中国古代传统和风俗的了解正在减少，因此，我倡议组织各种活动以丰富他们的知识和鉴赏力。 Teenagers’ understanding of ancient Chinese traditions and customs ，so I advocate organizing various activities to promote their knowledge and appreciation. 写作佳句 is on the decrease/is decreasing break away from脱离/挣脱…… break down出故障；坏掉；失败；(身体等)垮掉；消除 break in插话；破门而入 break into强行闯入；突然开始 break up打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂 (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 break out 4 (1)He was giving a vivid account of what had happened when his son _____________ the room. (2)Only then did I realize that it was so foolish of me to _______________ my friends and never contact them. 选词填空 broke into/in break away from (3)(应用文写作之求助信)不幸的是，我最好的朋友和我爆发了激烈的争吵。更糟的是，我和她的关系破裂了，我们俩都不知道如何消除我们的分歧。因此，我写信寻求您的帮助。 Unluckily，a terrible quarrel between my best friend and me.What’s worse，I with her and we didn’t know how to . So I am writing to ask for your help. 写作佳句 broke out broke up break down our barriers (4)(读后续写之情绪描写)他粗鲁地插嘴道：“我不应受责备。”然后，他愤怒地冲出了房间。 He ，“I am not to blame.”And then he stormed out of the room in anger. broke in rudely • defend...against/from (doing...)保护……免受…… defend oneself自卫 • in defence (of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护 in one’s defence为某人辩护；站在某人一边 vt.保卫；防守；保护；辩解 (defence/defense n.防御；保卫) defend 5 (1)My assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in (defend) of herself. ＝My assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if (defend) herself. (2)The generous lawyer determined to be the poor boy’s defence for free. defence/defense defending in (3)(读后续写之动作描写)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子免受它的攻击。 Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed ________________________ _________________ like an arrow. 写作佳句 to defend his son from/ against its attacks • in the charge of由……负责；被……掌管 take charge of负责/看管(表动作) free of charge免费 • charge (sb) for sth 为……(向某人)收费/要价 charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事 主管；掌管(charge n.费用；主管，负责；看管；责任 v.收费；控诉；要价；指控；充电；向……冲去) in charge of 6 (1)The English speech competition will be me，which makes me greatly honored. ＝I will be the English speech competition，which makes me greatly honored.(选词填空) (2)(读后续写之肢体动作描写) He rose to his feet，charged through the door and disappeared in the darkness.词义：____________ in the charge of in charge of 向……冲去 (3)(读后续写之微写作)悲伤和恐惧的泪水顺着男孩的脸颊流淌下来，因为他被控告偷了那位女士的金戒指。她为这枚被盗的戒指向他索取许多钱。幸运的是，一位善良的律师主动免费为男孩辩护。一颗悬着的心终于落下了。 Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s cheeks，because he stealing the woman’s gold ring.She ________________________________________.Luckily，a kind-hearted lawyer offered to defend the boy .A hanging heart finally fell. 写作佳句 was charged with charged him much money for the stolen ring free of charge come across (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解 come about发生(无被动形式) come on加油；到来；得了吧 come out出版；结果是；(花)开放 when it comes to...当谈及…… come up走近；上来；被提及 come up with sth 找到/提出某事(物) come down with 染上，得了(病) 7 (1)Learning that you a terrible disease recently，we are quite concerned about you. (2)My assistant’s first novel ，which made me proud of him. (3)All of us wondered how the accident ，but nobody would inform us. 选词填空 have come down with came out came about (4)(应用文写作之建议信)当谈及英语学习，我有以下实用的建议和你分享。首先，当你遇到生词时，不要总是查词典。其次，课堂上老师的问题被提出时，你应该努力想出答案，并且恰当表达你的想法以便你的意思能够被理解。最后，如果你失败了，你必须对自己说：“加油！” 写作佳句 _________________ English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share with you. Above all，when you ____________ unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary. Furthermore，when teachers’ questions in class，you should make great efforts to answers and express your ideas properly so that your meaning can ____________ .Finally，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“ ！” When it comes to come across come up come up with come across Come on at all根本(常用于否定句和疑问句) after all毕竟；终究 first of all首先(强调顺序) in all一共；总计 all in all总的来说 above all首先；最重要的是 8 (1)Thanks to your timely help，I managed to handle four problems . 选词填空 in all (2)(应用文写作之推荐信)我向你推荐的大学是北京大学。首先，你最好在来之前学些基本的汉语。毕竟，你将处在完全陌生的环境中。总的来说，在一种不同的文化中学习一点也不容易。 The university I recommend to you is Peking University._______ _____________，you’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. ，you will be under completely unfamiliar circumstances. ，studying in a different culture ______ __________. 写作佳句 返 回 Above all/First of all After all All in all is not easy at all 热点微练 高考 44 1.(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Bernard excitedly subscribed to John’s idea of making popcorn to earn some money. 2.It was the outstanding astronomer who always subscribed to our school，for which we were sincerely grateful. 3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free. Ⅰ.一词多义 subscribe (to) A.订阅　B.赞成；同意　C.捐助 ____ ____ ____ B C A 4.The outstanding scientist is in charge of handling the matter. 5.(2021·新课标Ⅰ) There are plenty of other benefits，too；it doesn’t charge city tax；it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms；it also has free Wi-Fi in every room. 6.The police charged the thief with stealing raw materials in the company. charge A.控告　B.负责　C.向……冲去　D.收费　E.给……充电 ____ ____ ____ B D A 7.The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phone. 8.Seeing her mother，the cute girl charged forward and hugged her tightly. charge A.控告　B.负责　C.向……冲去　D.收费　E.给……充电 ____ ____ E C 1.It never rains but it pours. 2.There is solid evidence to show he wasn’t there when the crime took place. 3.(读后续写之情绪描写)My heart was pumping with extreme excitement. Ⅱ.熟词生义 _____________ _______ __________ (雨)倾盆而下 可靠的 快速运动 返 回 本课结束 $