精品解析：陕西省西安中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

西安中学2026届高三质量检测考试（一） 英语试题 （时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Steven want to do? A. Relax after his exams. B. Work for the magazine. C. Put off writing the article. 2. Why has Mrs. Loren moved Tom’s seat? A. He talks too much. B. He has trouble listening. C. He can’t see clearly. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. An author. B. A program. C. A book. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. At the market. C. At the woman’s house. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Lily ask John to do? A. Fix the air conditioner. B. Open the door. C. Close the window. 7. Who will Lily call first? A. Her sister. B. A repairman. C. Her mom. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where did Annie Brown lose her credit card? A. In a library. B. In a bank. C. In a store. 9. What information did Annie Brown leave with the man? A. Her phone number. B. Her name. C. Her address. 10. When will the speakers meet? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is Louis going to China? A. To study further. B. To travel around. C. To work in a program. 12. What does Louis think of Sophia? A. Talented. B. Adaptable. C. Hard-working. 13. What kept Sophia from going abroad? A. The fear of a new environment. B. Her bad academic performance. C. A poor command of foreign languages. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is Abby unwilling to share rides with others? A. She enjoys being alone. B. She is often late for work. C. She dislikes being with strangers. 15. Which place does Ethan pass at first? A. The hospital. B. The company. C. The school. 16. How does Ethan usually feel during his sharing ride? A. Comfortable. B. Grateful. C. Enthusiastic. 17. How much can Ethan get at most from 5-day sharing rides with one person? A. $15. B. $25. C. $40. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How long does eye contact last in typical American conversation? A. About 1 second. B. About 2 seconds. C. About 8 seconds. 19. What should Americans show to passers-by? A. Mild curiosity. B. Interest and kindness. C. Notice of their presence. 20. What is the listener expected to do in England? A. Nod in approval. B. Look at the speaker attentively. C. Respond in a soft voice. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Future of Clean Energy in Homes Heating, cooling, and powering homes contribute significantly to global CO₂ emissions. As nations strive to reduce their carbon footprints, residential energy use — responsible for nearly 20% of energy-related emissions — poses unique challenges. Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source. ELECTRICITY 52% HEATING 28% COOLING 12% APPLIANCES 6% LIGHTING 2% Clean energy solutions for homes must be affordable, efficient, and adaptable to diverse climates. While technologies vary, here are key innovations driving the shift toward sustainability. HEAT PUMPS — Efficient Heating/Cooling Replacing gas boilers, electric heat pumps transfer warmth from air or ground, cutting heating emissions by 50%. Hybrid models, hopefully, might be able to work in sub-zero temperatures in the near future. SMART GRIDS (电网) — Dynamic Electricity Management AI-powered grids optimize energy use, storing surplus solar power during peak hours and reducing reliance on fossil-fuel backups. SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions. WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids Small-scale turbines (涡轮机) in windy areas can power neighborhoods, though land use debates persist. “The scale of this transition is staggering,” says Dr. Elena Torres, a climate scientist at MIT. Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade. Recent studies show that every $1 invested in green homes today saves $5 in future climate adaptation costs. This isn’t just an environmental imperative; it’s economically inevitable. 1. Which two categories combined account for over three-quarters of total household emissions? A. Electricity and Heating. B. Heating and Cooling. C. Appliances and Lighting. D. Cooling and Appliances. 2. Which technology is highlighted as cost-effective for diverse climates? A. Heat pumps. B. Smart grids. C. Solar panels. D. Wind turbines. 3. What does Dr. Torres emphasize about the energy transition? A. The dominance of gas boilers. B. The increase in solar efficiency. C. The need for higher investment. D. The breakthrough in heat pump technology. B Josh Klein is a pioneer in finding creative solutions to one of the world’s most pressing environmental problems: food waste. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), approximately one-third of the food produced worldwide is wasted every year, which amounts to about 1.3 billion tons. Josh, however, isn’t just talking about the problem — he’s actively working to solve it. Josh Klein founded Spoiler Alert, a startup that helps businesses manage and reduce food waste by connecting surplus food with charitable organizations and food banks. The platform allows companies to sell or donate food that might otherwise go to waste, creating a win-win situation for both businesses and communities in need. Josh’s journey into the world of food waste innovation began while he was working in the tech industry. He realized that just like many other industries, food production and distribution could benefit from more efficient management. His company, Spoiler Alert, uses technology to provide real-time data to businesses, helping them track food waste and make more informed decisions. By streamlining (优化) food distribution and connecting businesses with organizations in need, Josh’s platform helps to redirect millions of pounds of food away from landfills. One of the most important aspects of Josh’s approach is the use of technology to solve a real-world problem. Through data analytics and a user-friendly interface, Spoiler Alert has transformed the way companies think about waste. Instead of seeing excess food as a loss, businesses are now able to see it as a valuable resource that can benefit others. Josh’s work not only reduces food waste but also helps provide food to those who need it most. His platform has already been adopted by large companies in the food industry, and it continues to grow as more businesses recognize the potential of reducing waste while giving back to their communities. Through his innovation, Josh Klein is showing the world how technology and entrepreneurship (企业家精神) can make a meaningful impact on society. By tackling food waste, he is helping to create a more sustainable future for everyone. 4. What is the main goal of Josh Klein’s startup Spoiler Alert? A. To support agricultural development in poor regions. B. To optimize food production processes for companies. C. To address food waste through nonprofit partnerships. D. To minimize waste by commercializing excess food. 5. How does Spoiler Alert assist businesses in reducing food waste? A. By offering real-time data to track food waste. B. By selling surplus food to consumers directly. C. By offering large discounts on food production. D. By providing a platform to advertise surplus food. 6. What change in business attitude does Josh Klein’s platform promote? A. Focusing only on reducing food production costs. B. Treating excess food as a loss rather than a resource. C. Reducing the amount of food produced to minimize waste. D. Viewing surplus food as a valuable resource for donation. 7. Which of the following best describes Josh Klein? A. Creative and honest. B. Passionate and generous. C. Innovative and determined. D. Ambitious and warm-hearted. C Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 8. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To show the result of wrong operation. D. To give an example of overconfidence. 9. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It urged students to gain recognition. B. It encouraged students to take exams. C. It helped students to adjust learning methods. D. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. 10. What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5? A. Fully mastered a subject. B. Put great effort into a subject C. Really enjoyed a subject. D. Benefited a lot from a subject. 11. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. D Microplastics have been detected in human brains at far higher concentrations than in other bodily organs — and levels are increasing, having risen 50 percent in eight years. This is the conclusion of a team of researchers from the University of New Mexico (UNM), who said the findings should trigger alarm. “This really changes the landscape. It makes it so much more personal,” UNM professor Matthew Campen said in a statement. “I have not encountered a single human being who says, ‘There’s a bunch of plastic in my brain and I’m totally cool with that’.” Microplastic (smaller than 5 millimeters in size) and nanoplastic (under 0.001 millimeters) pollution have become common in the environment and can get into the food we eat. These plastic bits have been found in various bodily organs — including the kidney, liver — although not at such concentrations as now seen in the brain, the team said. The researchers identified 12 different types of plastic within samples collected from the so-called frontal cortex (前额叶) — the brain region found above and behind the eyes that had been linked to various capabilities from abstract thinking through to motor function. “We start thinking that maybe these plastics block blood flow in small blood tube,” Campen said. “There’s the potential that these nanomaterials interfere with the connections between axons (轴突) in the brain. They could also be a seed for grouping of proteins involved in dementia (痴呆). We just don’t know.” Campen said most of the microplastics that end up in our bodies arrive there via food — meat in particular, as commercial meat production concentrates plastics across the food chain. “The way we irrigate fields with water containing plastic, we assume that the plastic builds up there,” he said. “We feed those crops to our farm animals. We take the animal waste and put it back on the field.” Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in the environment is certain to grow, the researchers warn — for even if we were to cease plastic production tomorrow, existing plastic would still be around to break down into tiny and then super tiny pieces. 12. Why does the author cite Professor Matthew Campen’s words in paragraph 2? A. To emphasize the plastics impacts on individuals. B. To explain the source of plastics in human organs. C. To trigger a quick response from different researchers. D. To advocate for reduction measures in plastic production. 13. What might nanoplastics in the brain lead to? A. Continuous brain aging. B. Immediate memory loss. C. Disturbed neural bonds. D. Complete blood tube blockage. 14 What can be inferred about commercial meat production? A. It relies on polluted irrigation. B. It removes plastics completely. C. It reduces the waste of crops. D. It accumulates plastics in food chain. 15 What does the last paragraph’s warning imply? A. Nanoplastics is less harmful. B. Anti-pollution efforts are effective. C. Existing plastics still pose a threat. D. Stopping production solves pollution. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I am a child of traditional book reading. I used to go through one book continuously from beginning to end, taking notes or highlighting lines before going on to the next book. It was a slow but deeper way to absorb a book. ___16___ My struggle with Dostoevsky’ s The Brothers Karamazov early on is a good example. After college, my job involved reading a lot of background materials for projects. Many nights I stayed awake till past midnight leafing through pages. ___17___ It helped me breeze through my reading requirements. However, for books I was genuinely passionate about, I switched to a slower pace, and still read one book at a time. ___18___ I no longer stick to one book, but jump between them, spending about half an hour on each. Currently, I’m reading six books in various stages, with more lined up to start soon. My speed reading skills help me scan quickly without losing comprehension. I can easily switch to slow reading mode whenever needed. Recently, I learnt from a journal that my previous reading method is known as “Blocked Practice”, which involves studying one topic thoroughly before moving on to another. ___19___ However, it tends to restrict how you apply knowledge in new and varied situations. On the other hand, the “mixing it up” approach, also referred to as “Interleaved Practice”, could produce dramatic, long-lasting learning benefits. By switching between topics, readers can make connections between ideas and skills. ___20___ Over time, readers could be more capable of solving problems critically. If this is true, then my evolution as a reader of books has been in the right direction all along. A. It helps widen perspectives. B. This method has its limitations. C. That was when I took up speed reading. D. I’m not great at trying out different reading styles. E. That’s why it took me months to finish heavy books. F. Nowadays I’ ve acquired the habit of multiple book reading. G. This approach can be effective for mastering individual concepts. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was a social media addict. I would constantly ____21____ the lives of my friends, which ____22____ me to post all the time, proving that I had a social life, too — and that was the problem. So, I was wondering how to ____23____ social apps. One day, I watched a video titled “I ____24____ Social Media with Micro-Journaling for One Year.” I immediately texted my friend Bridgette about my ____25____: try a year off social media. She responded: “Same here!” And we even made a bet that the loser would ____26____ the other person a sushi dinner, which was excellent ____27____ because we were both too stubborn (固执) to pay. Thus began the “official” ____28____. At first, it was difficult to ____29____ the muscle memory of opening the apps. So every time I couldn’t wait to open one and share my ____30____ thoughts, I would journal instead. Soon, I noticed some ____31____ in how I behaved. On one five-hour car ride with friends to New York, the only time I ____32____ my phone was to control the music. We sang along to classic rock instead of mass sharing online, which became a (n) ____33____ opportunity to enjoy the present. So far this period has been a nice ____34____ from online life. Bridgette and I are still in a competition over who will pay for sushi dinner, but I’m pretty ____35____ it won’t be me. 21. A. keep records on B. adapt to C. keep up with D. long for 22. A. guided B. pressured C. reminded D. taught 23. A. ban B. change C. update D. quit 24. A. compared B. mixed C. replaced D. associated 25. A. imagination B. request C. promise D. decision 26. A. show B. cook C. save D. owe 27. A. determination B. motivation C. arrangement D. innovation 28. A. chance B. routine C. challenge D. promotion 29. A. forget B. resist C. follow D. recognize 30. A. burning B. final C. inspiring D. logical 31. A. differences B. habits C. details D. features 32. A. charged B. unlocked C. shared D. answered 33. A. equal B. promising C. incredible D. potential 34. A. break B. lesson C. display D. reward 35. A. afraid B. lucky C. proud D. sure 第二节 语法与词汇知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 36. _________ herself to the cause of science, she didn’t have time to take care of her family. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Having devoted D. Being devoted 37. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ________ placed under the Minister’s car. A has been B. was being C. had been D. would be 38. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 39. Gun control is a subject________ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. into which D. about which 40. Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. who B. whoever C. what D. that 第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空一词。 41. A feeling of __________(感激) washed over me as I heard his words. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42. We appointed her to __________ (代表) us to send our congratulations at the wedding ceremony. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. The company__________(声称) that it is not responsible for the pollution in the river. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 44. Many common bacterial infections are __________ (可治愈的) with the right antibiotics. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 45. The children showed great __________(渴望，热切) to open their presents on Christmas morning. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第四节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On August 5, 2024, Chinese badminton player He Bingjiao won a silver medal at the Paris Olympics. However, ____46____ truly stood out was a touching moment on the podium (领奖台). As she received her medal, He Bingjiao held a badge (徽章) ____47____ (feature) the Spanish flag, which aroused widespread curiosity online. This gesture was to express respect and care for her semifinal opponent, Spain’s Carolina Marin, who ____48____ (retire) from the match due to injury. He Bingjiao explained, “I brought the Spanish badge because Marin’s suffering broke my heart. I hope she sees this and wish her a speedy ____49____ (recover).” During their semifinal match, Marin performed well but ____50____ (force) to stop after getting injured. He Bingjiao immediately reached out, offering support and checking on Marin, who was ____51____ (visible) upset. The act rapidly made headlines around the world. The International Olympic Committee praised He Bingjiao ____52____ showing the Olympic values of respect and friendship. Spanish media also highlighted the ____53____ (emotion) moment, with many fans applauding her sportsmanship. Pau Gasol, the legendary Spanish basketball player, called it ____54____ beautiful display of Olympic spirit. He Bingjiao’s action not only demonstrated her respect for her opponent but also reflected the true spirit of the Olympics — competition, ______55______ (pair) with unity and mutual (相互的) respect. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15） 56. 假设你是李华，你校英语报将举办主题为 “中华名人汇”英语演讲比赛，你将代表你们班参加此次比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 你选择的历史名人；2 简述该名人的事迹 I am Li Hua, honored to represent my class in this competition. Today, I will talk about ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 西安中学2026届高三质量检测考试（一） 英语试题 （时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Steven want to do? A. Relax after his exams. B. Work for the magazine. C. Put off writing the article. 2. Why has Mrs. Loren moved Tom’s seat? A. He talks too much. B. He has trouble listening. C. He can’t see clearly. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. An author. B. A program. C. A book. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. At the market. C. At the woman’s house. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Lily ask John to do? A. Fix the air conditioner. B. Open the door. C. Close the window. 7. Who will Lily call first? A. Her sister. B. A repairman. C. Her mom. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where did Annie Brown lose her credit card? A. In a library. B. In a bank. C. In a store. 9. What information did Annie Brown leave with the man? A. Her phone number. B. Her name. C. Her address. 10. When will the speakers meet? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is Louis going to China? A. To study further. B. To travel around. C. To work in a program. 12. What does Louis think of Sophia? A. Talented. B. Adaptable. C. Hard-working. 13. What kept Sophia from going abroad? A. The fear of a new environment. B. Her bad academic performance. C. A poor command of foreign languages. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is Abby unwilling to share rides with others? A. She enjoys being alone. B. She is often late for work. C. She dislikes being with strangers. 15. Which place does Ethan pass at first? A. The hospital. B. The company. C. The school. 16. How does Ethan usually feel during his sharing ride? A. Comfortable. B. Grateful. C. Enthusiastic. 17. How much can Ethan get at most from 5-day sharing rides with one person? A. $15. B. $25. C. $40. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How long does eye contact last in typical American conversation? A. About 1 second. B. About 2 seconds. C. About 8 seconds. 19. What should Americans show to passers-by? A. Mild curiosity. B. Interest and kindness. C. Notice of their presence. 20. What is the listener expected to do in England? A. Nod in approval. B. Look at the speaker attentively. C. Respond in a soft voice. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Future of Clean Energy in Homes Heating, cooling, and powering homes contribute significantly to global CO₂ emissions. As nations strive to reduce their carbon footprints, residential energy use — responsible for nearly 20% of energy-related emissions — poses unique challenges. Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source. ELECTRICITY 52% HEATING 28% COOLING 12% APPLIANCES 6% LIGHTING 2% Clean energy solutions for homes must be affordable, efficient, and adaptable to diverse climates. While technologies vary, here are key innovations driving the shift toward sustainability. HEAT PUMPS — Efficient Heating/Cooling Replacing gas boilers, electric heat pumps transfer warmth from air or ground, cutting heating emissions by 50%. Hybrid models, hopefully, might be able to work in sub-zero temperatures in the near future. SMART GRIDS (电网) — Dynamic Electricity Management AI-powered grids optimize energy use, storing surplus solar power during peak hours and reducing reliance on fossil-fuel backups. SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions. WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids Small-scale turbines (涡轮机) in windy areas can power neighborhoods, though land use debates persist. “The scale of this transition is staggering,” says Dr. Elena Torres, a climate scientist at MIT. Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade. Recent studies show that every $1 invested in green homes today saves $5 in future climate adaptation costs. This isn’t just an environmental imperative; it’s economically inevitable. 1. Which two categories combined account for over three-quarters of total household emissions? A. Electricity and Heating. B. Heating and Cooling. C. Appliances and Lighting. D. Cooling and Appliances. 2. Which technology is highlighted as cost-effective for diverse climates? A. Heat pumps. B. Smart grids. C. Solar panels. D. Wind turbines. 3. What does Dr. Torres emphasize about the energy transition? A. The dominance of gas boilers. B. The increase in solar efficiency. C. The need for higher investment. D. The breakthrough in heat pump technology. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了家庭清洁能源的未来，包括家庭排放来源、清洁能源技术及投资需求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source. ELECTRICITY 52%，HEATING 28%(以下是2022年家庭排放来源的细分。电力占52%，供暖占28%)”可知，电力和供暖两个类别加起来占家庭总排放量的四分之三以上。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution部分中“Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions.(太阳能是家庭最容易获得的可再生能源。自2010年以来，光伏电池的进步使成本降低了80%，使其在许多地区都可行)”可知，太阳能电池板被强调为适用于不同气候的成本效益高的技术。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids部分中“Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade.(到2050年，太阳能和热泵等住宅可再生能源可以满足全球90%的家庭需求，但前提是未来十年的投资要增加两倍)”可知，Torres博士强调了能源转型需要更高的投资。故选C。 B Josh Klein is a pioneer in finding creative solutions to one of the world’s most pressing environmental problems: food waste. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), approximately one-third of the food produced worldwide is wasted every year, which amounts to about 1.3 billion tons. Josh, however, isn’t just talking about the problem — he’s actively working to solve it. Josh Klein founded Spoiler Alert, a startup that helps businesses manage and reduce food waste by connecting surplus food with charitable organizations and food banks. The platform allows companies to sell or donate food that might otherwise go to waste, creating a win-win situation for both businesses and communities in need. Josh’s journey into the world of food waste innovation began while he was working in the tech industry. He realized that just like many other industries, food production and distribution could benefit from more efficient management. His company, Spoiler Alert, uses technology to provide real-time data to businesses, helping them track food waste and make more informed decisions. By streamlining (优化) food distribution and connecting businesses with organizations in need, Josh’s platform helps to redirect millions of pounds of food away from landfills. One of the most important aspects of Josh’s approach is the use of technology to solve a real-world problem. Through data analytics and a user-friendly interface, Spoiler Alert has transformed the way companies think about waste. Instead of seeing excess food as a loss, businesses are now able to see it as a valuable resource that can benefit others. Josh’s work not only reduces food waste but also helps provide food to those who need it most. His platform has already been adopted by large companies in the food industry, and it continues to grow as more businesses recognize the potential of reducing waste while giving back to their communities. Through his innovation, Josh Klein is showing the world how technology and entrepreneurship (企业家精神) can make a meaningful impact on society. By tackling food waste, he is helping to create a more sustainable future for everyone. 4. What is the main goal of Josh Klein’s startup Spoiler Alert? A. To support agricultural development in poor regions. B. To optimize food production processes for companies. C. To address food waste through nonprofit partnerships. D. To minimize waste by commercializing excess food. 5. How does Spoiler Alert assist businesses in reducing food waste? A. By offering real-time data to track food waste. B. By selling surplus food to consumers directly. C. By offering large discounts on food production. D. By providing a platform to advertise surplus food. 6. What change in business attitude does Josh Klein’s platform promote? A. Focusing only on reducing food production costs. B. Treating excess food as a loss rather than a resource. C. Reducing the amount of food produced to minimize waste. D. Viewing surplus food as a valuable resource for donation. 7. Which of the following best describes Josh Klein? A. Creative and honest. B. Passionate and generous. C. Innovative and determined. D. Ambitious and warm-hearted. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍约什·克莱因作为环保创新者，创办Spoiler Alert公司，利用科技连接剩余食物与需求方，减少食物浪费并助力公益。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Josh Klein founded Spoiler Alert, a startup that helps businesses manage and reduce food waste by connecting surplus food with charitable organizations and food banks. (约什·克莱因创办了初创公司Spoiler Alert，该公司通过将剩余食物与慈善组织和食品银行连接起来，帮助企业管理并减少食物浪费。)”可知，Spoiler Alert的主要目标是通过与非营利组织合作来解决食物浪费问题。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His company, Spoiler Alert, uses technology to provide real-time data to businesses, helping them track food waste and make more informed decisions. (他的公司Spoiler Alert利用科技向企业提供实时数据，帮助它们追踪食物浪费情况，并做出更明智的决策。)”可知，Spoiler Alert通过提供实时数据帮助企业追踪食物浪费，从而协助减少浪费。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Instead of seeing excess food as a loss, businesses are now able to see it as a valuable resource that can benefit others. (企业不再将剩余食物视为损失，而是能够将其视为可以造福他人的宝贵资源。)”可知，该平台促使企业态度发生转变，即把剩余食物看作可捐赠的宝贵资源。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Josh Klein is a pioneer in finding creative solutions to one of the world’s most pressing environmental problems: food waste. (约什·克莱因是为全球最紧迫的环境问题之一——食物浪费——寻找创新性解决方案的先驱。)”以及全文中他创办公司、利用科技持续推动减少食物浪费的行动可知，他具备“创新性（Innovative）”；同时，他不仅提出问题，还积极通过实际行动解决问题，体现出“坚定的（determined）”品质。故选C项。 C Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 8. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To show the result of wrong operation. D. To give an example of overconfidence. 9. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It urged students to gain recognition. B It encouraged students to take exams. C. It helped students to adjust learning methods. D. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. 10. What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5? A. Fully mastered a subject. B. Put great effort into a subject C. Really enjoyed a subject. D. Benefited a lot from a subject. 11. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的研究，通过具体研究案例，来说明智力谦逊如何帮助人们更好地学习和调整学习策略。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第二至第四句“He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. (他发现过度自信非常普遍，尤其是在人们认为某件事情正确时，这种过度自信可能会导致灾难性的决策。1986年，NASA认为每次太空飞行发生损失的风险大约是1/100,000。这种过度自信的信念可能引发了“挑战者号”的爆炸)”可知，作者先介绍了科学家发现过度自信可能导致严重后果，之后提及1986年这起灾难。由此推知，提及“挑战者号”爆炸是说明过度自信会导致灾难的一个例子。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. (她发现，智力谦逊的学生更有可能去检验自己是否真正理解了学习材料，并寻找自己理解上的漏洞。当他们看到考试成绩时，他们会调整学习策略，以提高学习表现，并掌握好材料为下一次考试做准备)”可知，智力谦逊这种特质会使学生及时反思自己的学习，相应调整学习方法。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句“Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. (这些学生以为自己对某个科目got down pat，但在考试中被要求解释时，他们发现自己的理解并没有自己想象的那么多)”可知，学生们在考试之前应是对自己比较自信，认为自己对该相关知识十分了解，或已经全会了，但到考场答题时，才发现自己会的不如原本所认为的那么多。由此可知，got a subject down pat应是“对某科目了解很多”或“对某科目完全掌握”之意。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. (好消息是，过度自信有一种“疫苗”，科学家称之为“智力谦逊”——即认识到你的信念可能是错误的)”及全文最后一句“If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” (如果你觉得很难质疑一种信念，可以尝试迈出“一小步”)”可知，最后一句中所说的“question a belief”即前文所说的“recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong”，也就是第二段最后一句引号中所言的“智力谦逊”。全文最后一句又说，“可以尝试迈出‘一小步’”。由此推知，所谓的“一小步”究竟该怎么做，会在下文进行介绍，即如何练习做到“智力谦虚”。故选D项。 D Microplastics have been detected in human brains at far higher concentrations than in other bodily organs — and levels are increasing, having risen 50 percent in eight years. This is the conclusion of a team of researchers from the University of New Mexico (UNM), who said the findings should trigger alarm. “This really changes the landscape. It makes it so much more personal,” UNM professor Matthew Campen said in a statement. “I have not encountered a single human being who says, ‘There’s a bunch of plastic in my brain and I’m totally cool with that’.” Microplastic (smaller than 5 millimeters in size) and nanoplastic (under 0.001 millimeters) pollution have become common in the environment and can get into the food we eat. These plastic bits have been found in various bodily organs — including the kidney, liver — although not at such concentrations as now seen in the brain, the team said. The researchers identified 12 different types of plastic within samples collected from the so-called frontal cortex (前额叶) — the brain region found above and behind the eyes that had been linked to various capabilities from abstract thinking through to motor function. “We start thinking that maybe these plastics block blood flow in small blood tube,” Campen said. “There’s the potential that these nanomaterials interfere with the connections between axons (轴突) in the brain. They could also be a seed for grouping of proteins involved in dementia (痴呆). We just don’t know.” Campen said most of the microplastics that end up in our bodies arrive there via food — meat in particular, as commercial meat production concentrates plastics across the food chain. “The way we irrigate fields with water containing plastic, we assume that the plastic builds up there,” he said. “We feed those crops to our farm animals. We take the animal waste and put it back on the field.” Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in the environment is certain to grow, the researchers warn — for even if we were to cease plastic production tomorrow, existing plastic would still be around to break down into tiny and then super tiny pieces. 12. Why does the author cite Professor Matthew Campen’s words in paragraph 2? A. To emphasize the plastics impacts on individuals. B. To explain the source of plastics in human organs. C. To trigger a quick response from different researchers. D. To advocate for reduction measures in plastic production. 13. What might nanoplastics in the brain lead to? A. Continuous brain aging. B. Immediate memory loss. C. Disturbed neural bonds. D. Complete blood tube blockage. 14. What can be inferred about commercial meat production? A. It relies on polluted irrigation. B. It removes plastics completely. C It reduces the waste of crops. D. It accumulates plastics in food chain. 15. What does the last paragraph’s warning imply? A. Nanoplastics is less harmful. B. Anti-pollution efforts are effective. C. Existing plastics still pose a threat. D. Stopping production solves pollution. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微塑料在人类大脑中被检测到的浓度远高于其他身体器官，且水平在上升，并阐述了微塑料进入人体的途径及其可能带来的危害。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““This really changes the landscape. It makes it so much more personal,” UNM professor Matthew Campen said in a statement. “I have not encountered a single human being who says, ‘There’s a bunch of plastic in my brain and I’m totally cool with that’.”(“这真的改变了局面。这让它变得更加个人化，”新墨西哥大学教授马修·坎彭在一份声明中说。“我还没有遇到过一个人会说，‘我的大脑里有很多塑料，我完全不介意。’”)”可知，作者引用教授的话是为了强调塑料对个人的影响，让问题变得更加个人化，更加引起人们的关注。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“There’s the potential that these nanomaterials interfere with the connections between axons (轴突) in the brain.(这些纳米材料有可能干扰大脑中轴突之间的连接)”可知，大脑中的纳米塑料可能会导致神经连接受干扰。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Campen said most of the microplastics that end up in our bodies arrive there via food — meat in particular, as commercial meat production concentrates plastics across the food chain.(坎彭说，进入我们体内的大部分微塑料是通过食物进入的，特别是肉类，因为商业肉类生产在整个食物链中集中了塑料)”可知，商业肉类生产在食物链中积累了塑料。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in the environment is certain to grow, the researchers warn — for even if we were to cease plastic production tomorrow, existing plastic would still be around to break down into tiny and then super tiny pieces.(研究人员警告说，环境中的微塑料和纳米塑料污染肯定会增加，因为即使我们明天停止塑料生产，现有的塑料仍然会分解成微小和超微小的碎片)”可知，最后一段的警告暗示了现有的塑料仍然构成威胁。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I am a child of traditional book reading. I used to go through one book continuously from beginning to end, taking notes or highlighting lines before going on to the next book. It was a slow but deeper way to absorb a book. ___16___ My struggle with Dostoevsky’ s The Brothers Karamazov early on is a good example. After college, my job involved reading a lot of background materials for projects. Many nights I stayed awake till past midnight leafing through pages. ___17___ It helped me breeze through my reading requirements. However, for books I was genuinely passionate about, I switched to a slower pace, and still read one book at a time. ___18___ I no longer stick to one book, but jump between them, spending about half an hour on each. Currently, I’m reading six books in various stages, with more lined up to start soon. My speed reading skills help me scan quickly without losing comprehension. I can easily switch to slow reading mode whenever needed. Recently, I learnt from a journal that my previous reading method is known as “Blocked Practice”, which involves studying one topic thoroughly before moving on to another. ___19___ However, it tends to restrict how you apply knowledge in new and varied situations. On the other hand, the “mixing it up” approach, also referred to as “Interleaved Practice”, could produce dramatic, long-lasting learning benefits. By switching between topics, readers can make connections between ideas and skills. ___20___ Over time, readers could be more capable of solving problems critically. If this is true, then my evolution as a reader of books has been in the right direction all along. A. It helps widen perspectives. B. This method has its limitations. C. That was when I took up speed reading. D. I’m not great at trying out different reading styles. E. That’s why it took me months to finish heavy books. F. Nowadays I’ ve acquired the habit of multiple book reading. G. This approach can be effective for mastering individual concepts. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分享自己的阅读经历，探讨了不同的阅读方法及其对学习和理解的影响。 【16题详解】 上文提到“It was a slow but deeper way to absorb a book(这是一种缓慢但能更深入地吸收书籍内容的方式)”，说明作者之前的阅读方式较慢。后文“My struggle with Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamazov early on is a good example(我早期阅读陀思妥耶夫斯基的《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》时的艰难经历就是一个很好的例子)”，表明因为阅读方式慢，读厚书很费劲。选项E“That’s why it took me months to finish heavy books(这就是为什么我花了几个月时间才读完那些厚书)”中的“That’s why”承接上文的慢阅读方式，“took me months to finish heavy books”与后文读《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》的艰难相呼应。故选E。 【17题详解】 前文说“Many nights I stayed awake till past midnight leafing through pages(很多个夜晚，我都熬夜到午夜过后，翻阅着书页)”，表明为了工作阅读量很大。后文“It helped me breeze through my reading requirements(它帮助我轻松完成了阅读任务)”，说明有一种方法让阅读变得轻松。选项C“That was when I took up speed reading(就在那时我开始了速读)”中的“took up speed reading”解释了能轻松完成阅读任务的原因，符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 后文“I no longer stick to one book, but jump between them, spending about half an hour on each. Currently, I’m reading six books in various stages, with more lined up to start soon. (我不再只专注于一本书，而是在几本书之间切换，每本花大约半个小时。目前，我正在读六本书，处于不同的阶段，还有更多的书即将开始。)”，说明现在的阅读习惯是同时读多本书。选项F“Nowadays I’ve acquired the habit of multiple book reading(如今我养成了同时阅读多本书的习惯)”，准确概括了后文的内容，引出下文。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据下文“However, it tends to restrict how you apply knowledge in new and varied situations.(然而，它往往会限制你在新的和不同的情况下应用知识的方式。)”中的转折和提到的“Blocked Practice(集中练习法)”的局限性可知，空格处的句子应该提到“集Blocked Practice(集中练习法)”的好处，G项“This approach can be effective for mastering individual concepts.(这种方法对于掌握单个概念是有效的。)”提到“Blocked Practice(集中练习法)”对掌握单个概念的作用，符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 前文提到“Interleaved Practice(交叉练习法)”的好处“could produce dramatic, long - lasting learning benefits. By switching between topics, readers can make connections between ideas and skills(可以产生显著的、持久的学习效果。通过在不同主题之间切换，读者可以在不同的想法和技能之间建立联系)”。选项A“It helps widen perspectives(它有助于拓宽视野)”，进一步说明了交叉练习法的好处，与前文内容相呼应，it代指上文的“Interleaved Practice”。故选A。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分40分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was a social media addict. I would constantly ____21____ the lives of my friends, which ____22____ me to post all the time, proving that I had a social life, too — and that was the problem. So, I was wondering how to ____23____ social apps. One day, I watched a video titled “I ____24____ Social Media with Micro-Journaling for One Year.” I immediately texted my friend Bridgette about my ____25____: try a year off social media. She responded: “Same here!” And we even made a bet that the loser would ____26____ the other person a sushi dinner, which was excellent ____27____ because we were both too stubborn (固执) to pay. Thus began the “official” ____28____. At first, it was difficult to ____29____ the muscle memory of opening the apps. So every time I couldn’t wait to open one and share my ____30____ thoughts, I would journal instead. Soon, I noticed some ____31____ in how I behaved. On one five-hour car ride with friends to New York, the only time I ____32____ my phone was to control the music. We sang along to classic rock instead of mass sharing online, which became a (n) ____33____ opportunity to enjoy the present. So far, this period has been a nice ____34____ from online life. Bridgette and I are still in a competition over who will pay for sushi dinner, but I’m pretty ____35____ it won’t be me. 21. A. keep records on B. adapt to C. keep up with D. long for 22. A. guided B. pressured C. reminded D. taught 23. A. ban B. change C. update D. quit 24 A. compared B. mixed C. replaced D. associated 25. A. imagination B. request C. promise D. decision 26. A. show B. cook C. save D. owe 27. A. determination B. motivation C. arrangement D. innovation 28. A. chance B. routine C. challenge D. promotion 29. A. forget B. resist C. follow D. recognize 30. A. burning B. final C. inspiring D. logical 31. A. differences B. habits C. details D. features 32. A. charged B. unlocked C. shared D. answered 33. A. equal B. promising C. incredible D. potential 34. A. break B. lesson C. display D. reward 35. A. afraid B. lucky C. proud D. sure 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者曾是社交媒体成瘾者，总关注朋友动态并频繁发帖。后来她决定戒掉社交软件，还和朋友布里奇特打赌。在戒断过程中，作者起初难以抵抗打开软件的习惯，便用写日记替代，之后行为发生积极改变，更享受当下生活，且坚信自己不会输掉赌约。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我过去总是频繁关注朋友的生活，这使得我也一直发帖，以此证明我也有社交生活 —— 而这正是问题所在。A. keep records on记录；B. adapt to适应；C. keep up with了解……的最新情况；关注；D. long for渴望。根据上文“I was a social media addict.”推测，作者会关注朋友的生活动态。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我过去总是频繁关注朋友的生活，这使得我也一直发帖，以此证明我也有社交生活 —— 而这正是问题所在。A. guided指导；B. pressured给……施压，迫使；C. reminded提醒；D. taught教。根据“proving that I had a social life, too”推知，作者关注朋友动态后，为了证明自己有社交生活而被迫频繁发帖。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我在思考如何戒掉社交软件。A. ban禁止；B. change改变；C. update更新；D. quit放弃，戒掉。根据上文“and that was the problem.”推知，作者打算戒掉社交网络。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我看了一个标题为“我用微日记替代社交媒体一年”的视频。A. compared对比；B. mixed混合；C. replaced替代；D. associated联系。根据上文可知作者打算戒掉社交网络，结合“Social Media with Micro-Journaling for One Year.”推知，视频的标题是用微日记代替社交媒体。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻给朋友布里奇特发消息，告诉她我的决定：尝试一年不用社交媒体。A. imagination想象；B. request请求；C. promise承诺；D. decision决定。根据“try a year off social media”可知，“尝试一年不用社交媒体”是作者看完视频后做出的决定。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至打了个赌：输的人要请对方吃寿司，这是一个很好的动力，因为我们俩都太固执，不愿意付钱（请客）。A. show展示；B. cook烹饪；C. save拯救；节省；D. owe欠，应给予。根据“And we even made a bet”推知，打赌的规则是输家请吃饭，即输家“应该给”赢家一顿寿司。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至打了个赌：输的人要请对方吃寿司，这是一个很好的动力，因为我们俩都太固执，不愿意付钱（请客）。A. determination决心；B. motivation动力；C. arrangement安排；D. innovation创新。根据“ because we were both too stubborn (固执) to pay.”推知，“不想付钱”促使两人努力坚持戒社交软件，赌约成为了动力。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，这场“正式”挑战开始了。A. chance机会；B. routine日常惯例；C. challenge挑战；D. promotion推广，晋升。根据上文“And we even made a bet”并结合戒掉社交软件成瘾并非易事推知，这是一次有难度的挑战。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，很难抵抗打开软件的肌肉记忆即习惯性动作。A. forget忘记；B. resist抵抗，忍住；C. follow跟随；D. recognize认出。根据上文“I was a social media addict.”可知，因为成瘾，打开软件已成习惯，戒断时需要对抗这个习惯。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以每次我迫不及待想打开软件分享急切的想法时，我就用写日记来替代。A. burning急切的，强烈的；B. final最终的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. logical合乎逻辑的。根据上文“So every time I couldn’t wait to open one”可知，迫不及待想打开软件说明分享的想法很急切。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我注意到自己的行为有了一些变化。A. differences变化，不同；B. habits习惯；C. details细节；D. features特征。根据后文“On one five-hour car ride with friends to New York, the only time I  12  my phone was to control the music.”可知，5小时车程只开手机控音乐，这体现了变化。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次和朋友开车5小时去纽约，我唯一一次解锁手机是为了调控音乐。A. charged充电；B. unlocked解锁；C. shared分享；D. answered接听。结合常识可知，使用手机前需解锁，后文调控音乐是解锁后的操作。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们跟着经典摇滚乐唱歌，而不是在网上大量分享，这成了一个绝佳的享受当下的机会。A. equal平等的；B. promising有前途的；C. incredible极好的，难以置信的；D. potential潜在的。根据“to enjoy the present.”可知，与网上分享相比，唱歌是享受当下的一个好机会。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，这段时间是脱离网络生活的一段美好休息。A. break休息，暂停；B. lesson教训，课；C. display展示；D. reward奖励。结合上文作者忙于在社交网络上查看朋友的最新动态并结合此处“ from online life.”可知，暂时脱离网络生活对作者而言是放松的休息。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布里奇特和我还在竞争谁要请寿司，但我很确定输的不会是我。A. afraid害怕的；B. lucky幸运的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sure确定的。根据“Bridgette and I are still in a competition over who will pay for sushi dinner”和表示转折的but可知，作者非常确定自己不会输，因此不会是请吃寿司的人。故选D。 第二节 语法与词汇知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 36. _________ herself to the cause of science, she didn’t have time to take care of her family. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Having devoted D. Being devoted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她致力于科学事业，没有时间照顾家人。句中didn’t have为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。devote oneself to为固定短语，意为“致力于”，she与devote之间是主动关系，即她主动致力于科学事业，因此应用现在分词形式作状语，表示主动和进行。故选A。 37. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ________ placed under the Minister’s car. A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：警察的注意力突然被放在部长车底下的一个小盒子吸引住了。place是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which(即先行词a small box)之间是被动关系，结合句意，小盒子在警察发现之前就已经放在部长车底下，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时态。综上，谓语用过去完成时的被动语态had been placed。故选C项。 38. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在四月，由于火山云爆发，成千上万的游客滞留在国外。本句已有谓语remained且无连词，动词stick (滞留)用非谓语形式，逻辑主语holidaymakers与动词stick是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，A. sticking表示主动；C. to be stuck 表示将来被动；D. to have stuck表示完成， 因此用过去分词形式。故选B。 39. Gun control is a subject________ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. into which D. about which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：枪支管制是美国人长期争论的话题。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“subject”，指物，“argue about sth.”意为“争论某事”，先行词带入从句中作“about”的宾语，故应用“介词about +关系代词which”引导从句。故选D项。 40. Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. who B. whoever C. what D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年，无论是谁制作出了最漂亮的风筝都可以在风筝节上获奖。分析句子成分，可知句中缺少主语。指人，表示“无论谁”，所以用连接代词whoever。故选B。 第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空一词。 41. A feeling of __________(感激) washed over me as I heard his words. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】gratitude##appreciation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当听到他的话时，一种感激之情涌上心头。根据括号内的汉语提示，表示“感激”用gratitude/appreciation，此处使用名词作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填gratitude/appreciation。 42. We appointed her to __________ (代表) us to send our congratulations at the wedding ceremony. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】represent 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们委派她代表我们在婚礼上送去祝贺。根据括号内的汉语提示“代表”，此处应使用动词represent，appoint sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，空处需用动词原形。故填represent。 43. The company__________(声称) that it is not responsible for the pollution in the river. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】claims##declares 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：该公司声称其对河流污染一事不负责任。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句意和后文is可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；表示“声称”用claim/declare，句子主语company为第三人称单数。故填claims/declares。 44. Many common bacterial infections are __________ (可治愈的) with the right antibiotics. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】curable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多常见的细菌感染是可以用正确的抗生素治愈的。根据括号内的汉语提示，表示“可治愈的”用curable；此处应使用形容词作表语。故填curable。 45. The children showed great __________(渴望，热切) to open their presents on Christmas morning. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】eagerness##desire 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们在圣诞节早上表现出极大的渴望，想要打开他们的礼物。根据括号内的汉语提示，表示“渴望”或“热切”用eagerness/desire，其为不可数名词。故填eagerness/desire。 第四节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On August 5, 2024, Chinese badminton player He Bingjiao won a silver medal at the Paris Olympics. However, ____46____ truly stood out was a touching moment on the podium (领奖台). As she received her medal, He Bingjiao held a badge (徽章) ____47____ (feature) the Spanish flag, which aroused widespread curiosity online. This gesture was to express respect and care for her semifinal opponent, Spain’s Carolina Marin, who ____48____ (retire) from the match due to injury. He Bingjiao explained, “I brought the Spanish badge because Marin’s suffering broke my heart. I hope she sees this and wish her a speedy ____49____ (recover).” During their semifinal match, Marin performed well but ____50____ (force) to stop after getting injured. He Bingjiao immediately reached out, offering support and checking on Marin, who was ____51____ (visible) upset. The act rapidly made headlines around the world. The International Olympic Committee praised He Bingjiao ____52____ showing the Olympic values of respect and friendship. Spanish media also highlighted the ____53____ (emotion) moment, with many fans applauding her sportsmanship. Pau Gasol, the legendary Spanish basketball player, called it ____54____ beautiful display of Olympic spirit. He Bingjiao’s action not only demonstrated her respect for her opponent but also reflected the true spirit of the Olympics — competition, ______55______ (pair) with unity and mutual (相互的) respect. 【答案】46. what 47. featuring 48. retired##had retired 49. recovery 50. was forced 51. visibly 52. for 53. emotional 54. a 55. paired 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国羽毛球运动员何冰娇在巴黎奥运会上获得银牌，领奖台上手持西班牙国旗徽章的感人时刻，这是为了向对手西班牙选手卡罗琳娜·马林表达尊重和关心。 【46题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：然而，真正引人注目的是领奖台上的一个感人时刻。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：何冰娇在领奖时，手持西班牙国旗徽章，在网上引起了广泛的好奇。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“held”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“badge”和“feature”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“feature”的现在分词“featuring”作后置定语。故填featuring。 【48题详解】 考查时态。句意：这一姿态是为了表达对她的半决赛对手、西班牙选手卡罗琳娜·马林的尊重和关心，马林因伤退出了比赛。根据句意和句中“was”可知，句子应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事，故空格处应用“retire”的过去式“retired”；当强调“退出比赛”的动作发生在“表达尊重和关心”之前时，即过去的过去，可用过去完成时，空格处应用“had retired”。故填retired/had retired。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：何冰娇解释说：“我带来西班牙徽章是因为马林的痛苦让我伤心。我希望她能看到这一刻，并祝愿她早日康复。”分析句子可知，“speedy”为形容词，空格处应用名词，作直接宾语，“recovery”意为“康复”，为可数名词，“a”后接可数名词单数。故填recovery。 【50题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在半决赛中，马林表现不错，但受伤后被迫停赛。根据句意和句中“performed”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，“Marin”和“force”为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“Marin”和“was”连用，“force”的过去分词为“forced”，故空格处应填“was forced”。故填was forced。 【51题详解】 考查副词。句意：何冰娇立刻伸出手来，表示支持并查看马林的情况，马林显然很沮丧。分析句子可知，“upset”为形容词，空格处应用副词，作状语，“visibly”意为“明显地”，副词词性。故填visibly。 【52题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：国际奥委会赞扬何冰娇体现了尊重和友谊的奥林匹克价值观。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“praise sb. for doing sth.”，意为“因为做某事而赞扬某人”，故空格处应用介词“for”。故填for。 【53题详解】 考查形容词。句意：西班牙媒体也强调了这一激动人心的时刻，许多球迷称赞她的体育精神。分析句子可知，“moment”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“emotional”意为“激动人心的”，形容词词性。故填emotional。 【54题详解】 考查冠词。句意：西班牙传奇篮球运动员保罗·加索尔称之为奥林匹克精神的一次美丽展示。分析句子可知，句中泛指一次美丽展示，故空格处应用不定冠词，表示泛指，“beautiful”音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 【55题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：何冰娇的行为不仅体现了她对对手的尊重，也反映了奥运会的真正精神——竞争，团结，相互尊重。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“reflected”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“competition”和“pair”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“pair”的过去分词“paired”。故填paired。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15） 56. 假设你是李华，你校英语报将举办主题为 “中华名人汇”的英语演讲比赛，你将代表你们班参加此次比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 你选择的历史名人；2 简述该名人的事迹 I am Li Hua, honored to represent my class in this competition. Today, I will talk about ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1 I am Li Hua, honored to represent my class in this competition. Today, I will talk about Confucius, a renowned Chinese philosopher. Confucius, or Kong Zi, was an influential educator who dedicated his life to teaching and spreading wisdom. He emphasized moral values, respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge. Traveling throughout the country, he profoundly impacted Chinese society, shaping the education system and influencing ethics and social harmony. To this day, his ideas continue to guide individuals and communities in China and beyond, offering valuable lessons on integrity, compassion and social responsibility. Thanks for listening and may we all continue to learn from the profound insights into Confucius. Version 2 I am Li Hua, honored to represent my class in this competition. Today, I will talk about Li Shimin, an admirable figure to you. Li Shimin, well known as Tang Taizong, was a great emperor of the Tang dynasty. Unlike other cruel dominator, he loved and cared for his citizens from heart, which touches me a lot. To better their lives, he decreased taxes and spared no efforts to promote agriculture. Besides economy, he emphasized on culture and education. He developed “Kejuzhi”, a similar examination system as Gaokao, enormously pushing Chinese culture forward. It was his diligence and intelligence that created the prosperous period known as “Zhenguan Zhi Zhi” Thanks for listening and may we all continue to learn from the historical figure. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，代表班级在比赛中发表关于中国著名哲学家孔子的演讲，介绍孔子的思想及其对中国乃至世界的影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：renowned→famous/ eminent 强调：emphasize→stress 影响：impact→influence 继续：continue→keep on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： Today, I will talk about Confucius, a renowned Chinese philosopher. 拓展句：Today, I will talk about Confucius, who is a renowned Chinese philosopher. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Confucius, or Kong Zi, was an influential educator who dedicated his life to teaching and spreading wisdom.（运用了who引导限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 Traveling throughout the country, he profoundly impacted Chinese society, shaping the education system and influencing ethics and social harmony.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a brain disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。 2.续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛——感悟 3.词汇激活： 行动类： ①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply ②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing 情绪类： ①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1]You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句和why引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型3]It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (由It was...that结构引导的强调句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $