Unit 6 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语词汇学习核心知识点，系统梳理20个重点词汇、12组拓展词汇（含构词法）及8个阅读词汇，通过词汇辨析（如leisure的词性转换）、短语用法（如catch one’s eye）和语境例句构建从基础记忆到应用的学习支架。 资料以构词法规律（如economy→economic→economical）助力学生掌握词汇拓展策略，提升学习能力，结合多样化例句（写作佳句）和分层练习（语法填空、阅读等），训练思维品质与语言表达能力。课中辅助教师引导理解，课后学生可自查练习，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．delicate adj.脆弱的 2．landmark n．地标 3．splendid adj.壮丽的 4．antelope n．羚羊 5．leisure n．空闲，闲暇 6．wetland n．湿地 7．wander v．徘徊；闲逛 8．scenery n．风景，景色 9．jungle n．(热带)丛林 10．candidate n．申请者 11．genuine adj.真的，真正的；真诚的 12．salary n．薪金，工资 13．waist n．腰，腰部 14．at one’s leisure空闲时 15．in favour of支持，赞同 16．catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意 17．bring...to life 使……更生动；使……苏醒过来 18．highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性 19．be made up of 由……组成 20．under threat 受到威胁 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．steadily adv.平稳地→steady adj.稳定的 2．massive adj.巨大的→mass n．块，团 3．economy n．经济→economic adj.经济的，经济学的→economical adj.经济实惠的，节约的 4．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的→disturbance n．打扰；骚乱 5．operator n．经营者；操作员→operate v．经营；操作；动手术→operation n．操作；经营；运转；手术 6．conservationist n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者→conservation n．保护→conserve v．保护；保存；节省；节约 7．applicant n．申请人→apply v．申请→application n．申请 8．favour n．支持，赞同；帮助→favourable adj.支持的；有利的→favourite adj.最喜爱的(人或事物) 9．advertise v．做广告→advertisement n．广告→advertising n．广告业→advertiser n．广告商 10．negotiable adj.可协商的→negotiate v．谈判，协商→negotiation n．谈判，协商 11．preference n．优先(权)；偏爱→prefer v．更喜欢，偏爱 12．qualification n．资格，技能条件→qualify v．使具有资格→qualified adj.有资格的；称职的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Qingshuihe Bridge is the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost.n.永久冻土层 2．In 2015，the Tibetan antelopes were removed from the endangered species list.adj.西藏的 3．On the endless grassland，you can see herds of sheep eating grass at their leisure.n.草原 4．Undoubtedly，radiation from the power station will do harm to humans’ health.n.辐射 5．Time seems to stand still，with no light wind disturbing the mirror-like lakes.adj.如镜面般的 6．There are four famous plateaus in China，among which the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau attracts most visitors.n.高原 7．The news that he won the election was broadcast via a TV interview.prep.通过……传送；借助于 8．To reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide，we should choose more environment-friendly means of transport.n.散发物，排放物 leisure n．空闲；休闲(leisurely adj.悠闲的 adv.悠闲地) •at leisure闲散，悠闲；不慌不忙，从容 at one’s leisure 空闲时；有空时 •leisure time 闲暇时光 (1)He was wandering around the street at leisure yesterday afternoon. (2)I enjoyed a leisurely(leisure) walk on the country road，feeling the warmth of the sun on my face. [写作佳句] (3)大多数人赞成缩短工作时间和增加休闲时间。 Most people are in favour of shorter working hours and more leisure time. operator n．经营者；操作员[operate v．(使)运行；(使)运转；操作，使用；起作用，奏效；经营；动手术 operation n．运转；操作；经营；手术] •operate on...给……做手术 •carry out/do/perform an operation on 给……进行手术 put/bring sth into operation实施；使……运转；启用 come into operation开始工作；开始生效 (1)A lot of operators(operate) were disturbed by the manager’s confusing explanation. (2)You’d better carefully read the operation(operate) instructions before using the machine. [写作佳句] (3)为了阻止环境继续受到污染，一项新政策将于下个月开始实施。 To keep the environment from being continually polluted，a new policy will come into operation next month. (4)医生昨天夜里为他做了紧急腿部手术。 Doctors performed an emergency operation on/operated urgently on his leg last night. applicant n．申请人 [apply v．申请；应用，运用；(对……)适用；将……投入；涂，敷application n．申请；应用] apply to...for向……申请…… apply to do sth申请做某事 apply A to B把A应用/涂抹于B apply to适用于…… apply oneself to...专注于…… (1)(2020•江苏)For many British people，that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country’s past—age-old castles，splendid homes...and red phone boxes. (2)All applicants(apply) who have applied to the school for the scholarship should submit an online application(apply) form before September 4th. [写作佳句] (3)我写信申请您在今天报纸上刊登的那个职位。我承诺，一旦被贵公司雇用，我将专注于做好我的工作。如果您能考虑一下我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I am writing to apply for the post you advertised on today’s newspaper.I promise once I am employed by your company，I will apply myself to doing my job well.I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. favour n．支持，赞同；恩惠，帮助；偏爱[favourable adj.给人好印象的；赞成的，支持的；有利的 favourite adj.最喜爱的(人或事物)] in favour of支持，赞成 in sb’s favour对某人有利 do sb a favour＝do a favour for sb帮某人的忙 ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb请某人帮忙 owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情 (1)The manager said that he was in favour of the younger applicant. (2)To my surprise，he should decline to do a favour for me when I turned to him for help. (3)Judging from his comments，we can know he holds a favourable(favour) attitude to the former candidate. [写作佳句] (4)机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。 Opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready/prepared. (5)(应用文写作之求助信)我写这封信，希望你能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。 I’m writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview. advertise v．(为……)做广告(宣传)；登广告 (advertisement n．广告) advertise for登广告征求…… be advertised as被宣传为 (1)The nursing home is advertising for a volunteer to help look after the old. (2)Miss Smith recently put an advertisement(advertise) in the local newspaper. (3)The distant grassland is advertised as the most beautiful tourist attraction in this region. [写作佳句] (4)我写信是为了表示我对报纸上刊登的职位很感兴趣。(分词作后置定语) I’m writing to show my keen interest in the position advertised in the newspaper. preference n．偏爱；优先(权)(prefer vt.更喜欢) •have a preference for对……偏爱 •prefer to do/doing sth宁愿做某事；更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事 prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 与(做)B相比更喜欢(做)A prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B (1)When it comes to where to live，my sister prefers to live/living(live) in big cities while I have a preference(prefer) for country life. (2)Unlike fast-food places，fine dining shops prefer customers to stay(stay) longer and spend. [写作佳句] (3)我更喜欢欣赏内蒙古大草原的美丽风景而不是待在旅馆里。 I prefer to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Inner Mongolia grassland rather than stay in the hotel. qualification n．资格，技能条件[qualify v．使具备资格；(使)合格 qualified adj.有资格的，称职的] •the qualification for/to do sth做某事的资格 •qualify sb to do sth使某人有资格做某事 •be qualified for/to do sth有资格做某事 (1)The test will qualify you to drive(drive) heavy vehicles. (2)The boss had a preference for the applicant with a teaching qualification(qualify)． [写作佳句] (3)我们很遗憾地通知你，你不适合我们在报纸上登广告的工作。 We regret to inform you that you are not qualified for/don’t qualify for the job that we’ve advertised in the newspaper. catch one’s eye 吸引某人的注意；惹人注目 catch one’s attention吸引某人的注意力 catch one’s breath屏住呼吸，屏息；喘一口气 catch up with 赶上…… catch on了解；理解；流行起来 catch sight of看见 用catch相关的短语填空 (1)The song is so touching that I believe it will catch on quickly. (2)He was walking in the park when a massive cloud caught his eye. (3)If you miss a lot of classes，it’s difficult for you to catch up with your classmates. (4)(读后续写之心理描写)When she saw the bear，she caught her breath，frozen there. [写作佳句] (5)当我经过中央公园时，我突然看到了我的一位老朋友。 When I was passing the central park，I suddenly caught sight of an old friend of mine. be made up of＝consist of 由……组成 make up组成，构成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好 make up with与……和好 make up for弥补；补偿 make up one’s mind下定决心 (1)He made up some excuses for his being late for school. (2)The workers have made up their minds to make up for the lost time. [写作佳句] (3)现在是人类采取有效措施弥补损失的时候了。 It is high time that human beings should take effective measures to make up for what we have lost. (4)这些申请人由来自全国各地的大学毕业生组成。 The applicants are made up of/consist of college graduates from all over the country. Ⅰ.一词多义 disturb A.干扰，扰乱；打扰　B.弄乱　C.使焦虑，使不安 1．Be careful and don’t disturb the papers on my desk. B 2．To be honest，the news you told me really disturbed me a lot. C 3．He left the phone off the hook as he didn’t want to be disturbed. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．The man who suffered a massive heart attack was his uncle.非常严重的 2．Nowadays，many individuals favour online shopping because it is more convenient.喜欢，喜爱 3．(2021•全国乙)The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander，without making it impossible to focus.走神，(思想)开小差 训练1　Vocabulary(A) 分值：47.5分 Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．To live a low-carbon life，many people choose buses in preference to private cars to work. 2．When we turned around，we saw a massive(巨大的) landmark there. 3．I am disturbed(扰乱) by the complaints that have been made against you. 4．My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it. 5．The findings published recently can provide an early warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem. 6．It is agreed that the newly-built shopping mall is an ideal place for leisure(休闲)． 7．All the girls in my office preferred the perfume advertised(宣传) in the magazine. 8．The poor child was dressed in rags，wandering(徘徊) in the street begging for food. 9．To get a promotion and a higher salary，she had to work hard to get her qualification first. 10．Her application for a position in the company was declined，which made her very upset. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．The new plant is scheduled to come into operation(operate) in May this year. 2．It is a piece of disturbing(disturb) news that I am not the candidate that you favour. 3．The changes in Chinese family life reflect the economic(economy) development of our country. 4．Being a qualified (qualify) geologist，I firmly believe that I am equal to the position. 5．The manager repeated the question several times but the applicants couldn’t catch on. 6．Couples who were enjoying the beautiful scenery strolled along the beach leisurely(leisure)． 7．I prefer travel(l)ing/to travel (travel) in worldwide places of interest but have no enough money. 8．A medical team made(make) up of 3 doctors and 10 nurses was sent to the earthquake-stricken area immediately. 9．With joint efforts，more favo(u)rable (favour) measures have been taken to protect the endangered animals from dying out. 10．Some advertisements(advertise) are spreading false information with the purpose of tricking customers into buying their products. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) In 2012，I teamed up with nine other cavers to go on a helicopter ride to the Mt.Bisaro Plateau，situated about 10 kilometres north of Fermie，British Columbia.The area is a playground of caves; they’re everywhere，but as we soon discovered，most are short and blocked with rock，snow，or ice.Only one hole showed potential.Standing at the cliff of the deep drop-off，we looked at and threw a rock down the shaft(竖井)．A four-second silence was followed by a massive boom reverberating(回响) from below.We looked at each other with huge eyes，“That’s deep！” The next few years were exciting，with annual trips to Bisaro Anima.Long days were spent equipping and mapping the vertical cave.It took nine hours to travel from the mouth of the cave to our exploration areas.In 2015，we set up the first of three underground cave camps，where we restored equipment that allowed for a lot of exploration.We started doing winter trips because the water level is lower in the cave and it is not frozen.While the mountaintop is frozen in winter，the cave has the same temperature year-round.We did studies to understand the water flow in the cave,3D mapped the mountain’s surface with a drone，and climbed many vertical shafts looking for shortcuts to the surface. We followed valleys and waterfalls deep in the cave and were amazed to find a lake more than half a kilometre down in the middle of the mountain.The only way to continue seemed to be underwater.In 2018，I dived into the lake and proved Bisaro Anima is the deepest known cave in Canada，but unluckily，damaged equipment thwarted my attempt to go very far.In 2019，I broke my ankle while dragging equipment in，and the 2020 trip was cancelled.In 2021，I finally got a second chance. Ten years after the discovery of Bisaro Anima，it’s been confirmed to be the deepest cave in Canada at a depth of 683 metres and a length of 6.4 kilometres. 1．What can we learn about the caves from paragraph 1? A．Most of them are very deep. B．Most of them have been destroyed by humans. C．They are common in Mt.Bisaro Plateau. D．They have disappointed many adventurers. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The area is a playground of caves; they’re everywhere，but as we soon discovered，most are short and blocked with rock，snow，or ice.”可知，洞穴在比萨罗山高原很常见。故选C。 2．What makes winter trips possible? A．The lower level of water. B．The frozen mountaintop. C．The advanced equipment. D．The 3D mapping technology. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“We started doing winter trips because the water level is lower in the cave and it is not frozen.”可知，洞穴中较低的水位使冬季旅行成为可能。故选A。 3．What does the underlined word “thwarted” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Inspired. B．Witnessed. C．Saved. D．Prevented. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“but unluckily，damaged equipment”和下文“my attempt to go very far”以及下一段作者最终确认了洞穴的深度可推知，此次损坏的设备阻止了作者向更深处的尝试。由此可知，thwarted与Prevented(阻止)意思接近。故选D。 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To call on people to protect Canada’s deepest cave. B．To show the present situation of Canada’s deepest cave. C．To give an account of diving into Canada’s deepest cave. D．To stress the difficulty in exploring Canada’s deepest cave. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段第一句、第二段中“It took nine hours to travel from the mouth of the cave...allowed for a lot of exploration.”以及第三段中“In 2018...I finally got a second chance.”可知，文章主要是为了讲述潜入加拿大最深洞穴的经历。故选C。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) According to a common saying，“Honesty is the best policy.” 1 Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes.Some people lie out of habit，without even realizing they’re doing it.But despite all this，honesty really is worth the effort. One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain.There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. 2 Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth.If you make up a story，you have to remember all the details. 3 But if you commit to telling the truth，you will never have trouble remembering.This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you. Another obvious reason to avoid lying is that lying can harm others.People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them.And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation.On a personal level，if your friends find out you lied to them，their feeling will be hurt.They will question whether they can trust you or wonder whether you care about them.In contrast，if you always tell the truth，you will develop a reputation for honesty. 4 Business deals，friendships，family and romantic relationships all depend on trust. 5 Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else.Honesty means that when you speak，you tell the truth without holding any information back.When you do that，you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships. A．But in daily life，honesty can be difficult. B．This will help you in every area of your life. C．Is the gain from lying really worth the risk? D．Being honest is a basic principle for us to deal with others. E．We will get others’ respect and appreciation if telling the truth. F．And the more lies you tell，the more stories you have to remember. G．Honesty，however，doesn’t mean you have to say everything in your mind. 1．答案　A 解析　根据后文“Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes.”可知，撒谎似乎是给人留下深刻印象或避免因错误而被责备的好方法。由此可知，在日常生活中撒谎会更轻松。A选项引起下文，强调在现实生活中诚实不容易做到，与下文的“honesty really is worth the effort”呼应。故选A。 2．答案　C 解析　根据前文“One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain.There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth.”可知，撒谎终究会被人发现，因此撒谎是有风险的。C选项承接上文，反问从撒谎获得的益处值得冒险么。故选C。 3．答案　F 解析　根据前文“Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth.If you make up a story，you have to remember all the details.”可知，谎言很难隐藏，若要编造一个故事，就得记住所有的细节，可推知撒的谎越多就需要记住越多的细节。F选项承接上文，其中stories与前文story呼应。故选F。 4．答案　B 解析　根据前文“In contrast，if you always tell the truth，you will develop a reputation for honesty.”可知，说实话能带来好名声。B选项“这会在生活的各个方面帮助你”承接上文，且呼应下文提到的生意、友情、亲情、爱情。故选B。 5．答案　G 解析　根据后文“Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else.”可知，此处强调有的时候要保持沉默，即不必说出自己所知的一切，因为这有可能对别人造成伤害。G选项“诚实并不意味着要说出你想说的一切”引起下文，符合语境。故选G。 训练2　Vocabulary(B) 分值：35分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Within the next 30 years，urban expansion(城市扩张) is due to result in up to 1.53 million square kilometers of new urbanized land，directly threatening 855 species，according to the findings of a new Yale-led study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study identified hotspot cities that are expected to have particularly large impacts on species habitats.Many of these cities are in equatorial(赤道的) regions where urban growth is in line with biodiverse habitats.The cities that present the greatest threat to species due to expansion are mostly located in the developing regions of sub-Saharan Africa，South America，Mesoamerica，and Southeast Asia. The study relied on data from Yale’s Map of Life—a collection of species distribution(分布) data used to monitor，research，and create policies that protect species worldwide.It also used recently developed land-use plans to estimate future habitat loss from urban land expansion for more than 30,000 species globally.It found that urban land expansion is a significant driver of habitat loss for about one-third of these. This study throws light on the need for global protection efforts to include policies to preserve species in urban lands.“Cities are actually part of the solution，” said co-author Karen Seto.“We can build cities differently than we have in the past.They can be biodiversity centers and save land for nature.” “We are at a vital moment when the world’s governments are reconsidering their commitments to the Convention on Biological Diversity.This study is important since it lets us quantify(量化)，for the first time，which specific species are most threatened by urban growth and where urban protected areas are needed to preserve them，” said co-author Robert McDonald. Despite the risk of species loss from land expansion，the study highlights how cities can proactively protect biodiversity，Seto said.“The majority of these places have yet to be built.Science-driven policies that guide how the cities of tomorrow get built will have an enormous effect.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。城市扩张将导致许多物种受到威胁，对此，研究人员提出可以将城市作为保护物种的解决方案的一部分。 1．What does the new study do? A．It suggests the greatest threat to species. B．It identifies hotspot cities that need to stop urban expansion. C．It demonstrates how future urban expansion will impact species. D．It estimates how much new urbanized land will be in developing regions. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Within the next 30 years，urban expansion(城市扩张) is due to result in up to 1.53 million square kilometers of new urbanized land，directly threatening 855 species”可知，这项新研究论证了未来城市扩张将如何影响物种。故选C。 2．What role does Yale’s Map of Life play in this study? A．A policy maker. B．A data provider. C．A land-use planner. D．A publishing platform. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study relied on data from Yale’s Map of Life—a collection of species distribution(分布) data used to monitor，research，and create policies that protect species worldwide.”可知，耶鲁大学的生命地图在这项研究中扮演了数据提供者的角色。故选B。 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Karen Seto is optimistic about dealing with urban expansion. B．A lot of cities have already been built as biodiversity centers. C．The Convention on Biological Diversity is key to solving the problem. D．The world’s governments have taken measures to prevent urban land expansion. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段和倒数第一段可知，Karen Seto认为科学合理地建设新城市可以帮助维护生物多样性，由此可推知，Karen Seto对应对城市扩张持乐观态度。故选A。 4．What is a suitable title for this text? A．Urban Expansion Cannot Be Avoided B．Species Habitats Should Be Brought under Control C．Cities Can Be Part of the Solution to Preserving Species D．The Risk of Species Loss from Land Expansion Is Terrifying 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第四段中“‘Cities are actually part of the solution，’ said co-author Karen Seto.‘We can build cities differently than we have in the past.They can be biodiversity centers and save land for nature.’”可知，文章主要提出了可以让城市成为保护物种的解决方案之一。故C选项“城市可以成为保护物种的解决方案的一部分”适合作文章标题。故选C。 B The threat of climate change and warming oceans is growing bigger for the world’s coral reefs，which are struggling to adapt to increasingly bad waters.Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania have showed a new way we may be able to limit the damage—taking coral species that have already survived severe heat stress and transplanting them to degraded reefs to sow the seeds(播种)． We are seeing a lot of focus from environmental scientists on how corals can be made more resistant to heat stress.Some creative solutions include planting them with helpful bacteria，developing tougher species through a new technique and feeding them medicine to increase their chances of survival. All of these are part of the effort to prevent the changes brought upon corals by abnormal sea temperatures，which cause algae(藻类) living in them to become stressed and break free.This leaves the coral without a key source of food and causes them to turn white(coral bleaching)，and in a lot of cases，die off，as seen in the bleaching events to trouble Australia’s Great Barrier Reef in recent years. An eco-friendly solution being explored by the University of Pennsylvania team focuses on corals that have already proved themselves in the face of severe bleaching events.The scientists searched for Hawaii’s coral reefs，which survived severe bleaching in 2015，with the intention of studying how they respond to being placed in an entirely different environment.“The cool thing was that we didn’t see any differences in their bleaching response after this transplant，and they were still in good condition，” says Katie Barott，who led the research team. While the findings promise well，these techniques to address the broader problem isn’t a practical solution.“Techniques like this can buy us a little time，but there isn’t a substitute for limiting carbon emissions，” says Barott.“We need global action on climate change because even bleaching-resistant corals aren’t going to survive forever if ocean warming keeps increasing as fast as it is today.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为应对气候变化和海洋变暖对全球珊瑚礁的威胁，科学家们展示了一种新的方法，即将在严重高温中存活下来的珊瑚物种移植到退化的珊瑚礁上进行播种。 5．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The need to plant corals. B．The work to develop new corals. C．The need to save weak corals. D．The work to help corals to survive heat stress. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段“We are seeing a lot of focus...feeding them medicine to increase their chances of survival.”可知，本段主要谈到几项努力帮助珊瑚抵抗高温压力的干预措施。故选D。 6．What can we know about corals with heat stress? A．They may die of hunger. B．They are harmful to fishes. C．They change color to green. D．They hide themselves deep in the sea. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“This leaves the coral without a key source of food and causes them to turn white(coral bleaching)，and in a lot of cases，die off...”可知，高温压力下的珊瑚可能会由于缺少重要的食物源而白化或死亡。故选A。 7．How did the transplanted corals grow in the new environments? A．Slowly. B．Normally. C．Rapidly. D．Hard. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The cool thing was that we didn’t see any differences in their bleaching response after this transplant，and they were still in good condition”可知，移植后的珊瑚在新环境中能够正常生长，并保持一种健康的状态。故选B。 8．In which section of a magazine can we probably read the text? A．Culture. B．Health. C．Environment. D．Tourism. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。通读全文尤其根据第一段“The threat of climate change and warming oceans is growing bigger for the world’s coral reefs...transplanting them to degraded reefs to sow the seeds(播种)．”可知，文章主要介绍了一种可以挽救海洋中因全球变暖而濒危的珊瑚的方法。由此推知，在杂志的环境版块我们可以读到这篇文章。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) To promote various applications of Dunhuang art patterns in daily life design and achieve the development of cultural heritage represented by Dunhuang art patterns，the Chang Shana Design Award in 2021 1. (announce) on January 21. Chang Shana，an outstanding designer and educator in China，was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang 2. (begin)．Born in France，she returned from Paris with her father and involved 3. (they) in the cause of cultural heritage.She was much 4. (young) than the other members in the conservation and research team at the Mogao Caves,5. leader was her father Chang Shuhong(1904－1994)，6. noted painter and director of the Dunhuang Academy.Chang has spent her entire life carrying on her father’s 7. (devote) to Dunhuang.She applied the classic patterns 8. her own modern designs in a creative way after conducting research into the variety of patterns 9. (find) on the murals(壁画)． In the hope that more designers can understand and use the Dunhuang art patterns 10.__________(appropriate)，the competition is also meant to spread Dunhuang culture，practice the “Silk Road Spirit” and promote cultural exchanges along with the Belt and Road Initiative. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国杰出的设计师和教育家常沙娜及其父亲对敦煌的研究和保护所做出的贡献。 1．答案　was announced 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语on January 21可知，此处使用一般过去时，announce与主语the Chang Shana Design Award in 2021之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was announced。 2．答案　began 解析　考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，此处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的谓语动词was可知，此处应使用一般过去时，begin与句子主语her love affair之间为主动关系。故填began。 3．答案　themselves 解析　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为代词作involved的宾语，结合句意可知，此处应使用反身代词，指代上文中的she 和her father。故填themselves。 4．答案　younger 解析　考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，根据空后的than可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级。故填younger。 5．答案　whose 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the conservation and research team与空后的名词leader之间为所属关系，所以此处使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语。故填whose。 6．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，painter与director为可数名词单数，结合句意可知，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且noted是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 7．答案　devotion 解析　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，devote的名词形式为devotion，意为“热爱”且为不可数名词。故填devotion。 8．答案　to 解析　考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语apply...to...，意为“把……应用到……”。故填to。 9．答案　found 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词patterns，find与patterns之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填found。 10．答案　appropriately 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词词组understand and use应用副词作状语。故填appropriately。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $