Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇学习核心知识点，系统梳理重点词汇（如quote, float）、拓展词汇（如motion→motionless的词性转换）、阅读词汇，结合词汇用法辨析（如compose的搭配、contrast的短语）及一词多义、熟词生义，构建从基础识记到语境应用的递进学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与学习能力培养，通过例句解析、写作佳句（如用compose表达“生活由阳光与暴风雨组成”）和语篇训练（环保艺术、AI与艺术等主题的阅读理解）提升词汇运用能力，拓展词汇部分通过词根词缀法（如innovative→innovation）引导学生总结规律。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化词汇在语境中的灵活应用。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．quote n．引文，引语 2．float v．浮，漂 3．folk adj.民间的，民俗的 4．tale n．故事 5．abstract adj.抽象(派)的 6．awe-inspiring adj.令人起敬的，令人钦佩的 7．wire n．电线；金属丝 8．contrast n．反差，对比 9．literally adv.根据字面意思 10．cable n．电缆 11．set...in motion使……开始 12．on display展出；陈列 13．come to life苏醒过来；活跃起来 14．so as to do以便；为了 15．go deeper into深入…… 16．bring out生产；把……拿出来；使显现 17．label...as把……称为 18．be unfamiliar with对……不熟悉 19．expect the unexpected期待意外 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．motion n．动，运动→motionless adj.一动不动的 2．compose v．作(曲)→composer n．作曲家→composition n．成分；(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品 3．trend n．趋势，动向→trendy adj.时髦的，时尚的 4．Greek n．希腊语；希腊人 adj.希腊的；希腊人的，希腊语的→Greece n．希腊 5．innovative adj.新颖的，创新的→innovate v．创新，改革→innovation n．革新，创新 6．distinct adj.清晰的；明显不同的→distinction n．差别；区别；对比→distinctive adj.独特的；特别的；有特色的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．This region was settled by the Dutch in the nineteenth century.n.荷兰人 2．The boy crouched down，seeing the ants moving their food with great curiosity.v.蹲下；蹲伏 3．Yunnan Province is home to elephants and peacocks.n.(雄)孔雀 4．Dressed in the gorgeous evening dress，she was as beautiful as a princess in a fairy tale.n.公主 5．There are many ethnic villages in Yunnan Province where you can experience diverse cultures.adj.民族的 6．Installation refers to a piece of modern sculpture that is made using sound，light，etc.as well as objects.n.现代雕塑装置(除物体外还包括光、声等) 7．He is an excellent technician who has invented many practical devices in daily life.n.巧匠 8．Among the numerous animations，Disney animated film is undoubtedly the best.n.动画片 compose v．作(曲)；创作；组成；构成；使镇静；使平静(composer n．作曲家composition n．创作；构成；作曲；作文；作品) be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of由……组成 (1)Mozart was a famous composer(compose) who created many classics and made great contributions in the field of music. (2)Your composition(compose) is good except for some small spelling mistakes. [写作佳句] (3)生活不仅有阳光，也有暴风雨。但无论发生什么，我们都不应该放弃。 Life is composed of not only sunshine but also storms.But whatever happens，we should never give up. contrast n．反差；对比 vt.& vi.(使)形成对比；对照 •by/in contrast相比之下 in contrast with/to...与……形成对比(对照)；与……相反 •contrast...and/with...把……和……进行对比 contrast with...＝make a contrast with...和……形成对比 (1)In contrast with/to other stories，folk tales are more attractive to children. (2)Contrast fresh vegetables with/and frozen ones，and you’ll find the fresh ones taste better. (3)Most people work because it’s unavoidable.By/In contrast，there are some people who actually enjoy work. [写作佳句] (4)他是一位上了年纪的农民，花白的头发与黝黑的皮肤形成鲜明的对比。 He is an elderly farmer，whose gray hair contrasts sharply with/makes a sharp contrast with dark skin. distinct adj.明显不同的；清晰的；卓越的，不寻常的；有区别的(distinction n．区别；荣誉；卓越；特质distinctive adj.独特的；特别的；有特色的 distinctly adv.明显地，清楚地) •be distinct from sth与……不同的；有别于……的 •have the distinction of...在某方面卓越/优秀 make a distinction区别…… (1)She looked distinctly(distinct) awkward when asked that personal question. (2)You can tell that his stories have a distinctive(distinct) feature of Dutch folk tale. (3)He has the distinction(distinct) of being regarded as the Federal Republic’s greatest living writer. [写作佳句] (4)显然，他的绘画风格非常与众不同。 It is obvious that his painting style is quite distinct from the rest. turn to 转向……；翻到；求助于 turn on打开 turn up出现，到场；露面；把(音量)调大 turn down拒绝；把(音量)调小 turn in上交 turn out证明是，结果是 (1)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove. (2)He hoped that the girl who had composed the song would turn up. (3)Tom had to turn down the invitation to listen to some folk tales last weekend. (4)The games my parents taught me when I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. [写作佳句] (5)每当我遇到麻烦时，我都会向父母寻求帮助，他们的建议总是能让我受益匪浅。 Whenever I was in trouble，I would turn to my parents for help，whose suggestions could always benefit me a lot. pass down 流传，世代相传 pass by经过；(时间)过去 pass away去世 pass on传递 pass through穿过 pass on...to.../pass...on to...把……传给/传染给/转嫁给…… (1)The news that he passed away last night astonished all people. (2)With the time passing by，the memory of childhood has faded away. (3)Since ancient times，storytelling has been a way to share and pass on wisdom. [写作佳句] (4)(中国传统文化)中国古代文化遗产必须代代相传。例如，丝绸之路是一条古老的东西方贸易路线，它经过敦煌。 Chinese ancient cultural heritage must be passed down among the generations.For example，the Silk Road was an ancient trade route between East and West，which passed through Dunhuang. come to life 复活，变得生动 come back to life恢复生机 come to oneself苏醒；恢复知觉 lead/live a．..life过……的生活 bring...to life使苏醒过来；使更生动 (1)When the girl came to herself(her)，an air of delight and excitement settled over the crowd. (2)The new teacher always brings the class to life with his humour. [写作佳句] (3)虽然他富有而出名，但他一生都过着简朴的生活。 Though wealthy and famous，he has been living a simple life all through his life. (4)它们代表大地复苏和对新开始的美好祝愿。 They represent the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. bring out 使显现；出版 bring about引起，导致 bring down降低；减少 bring in吸引；引进；赚得 bring up教育，抚养(孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐 bring back带回来 (1)I tried to get them to bring down the price，but they refused. (2)There is no doubt that science has brought about many changes in our lives. (3)His father passed away when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother. (4)Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor. [写作佳句] (5)(话题写作之人物描写)这张照片勾起了我对英语老师的美好回忆，他总是能提出一些好主意，让我们发挥出最好的一面。 The photo brought back happy memories about my English teacher，who could always bring up some wonderful ideas to bring out the best in us. Ⅰ.一词多义 quote A.v.引述　B.v.举例说明　C.n.报价 1．Their quote for the job was too high. C 2．He quoted a passage from the professor’s speech. A 3．Can you quote me an instance of when this happened? B float A.vt.提出想法　B.vi.漂浮　C.n.彩车 4．They floated the idea of placing taxes on alcohol. A 5．As a matter of fact，they are busy decorating the float for the carnival. C 6．When they passed by the river，they found that a plastic bag was floating in the water. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I’d like a job working with old folk or kids.人们 2．The princess was so confused that she could hardly compose her thoughts.使平静 训练1　Vocabulary(A) 分值：41.5分 Ⅰ.单词拼写(共7题；每小题1分，共7分) 1．The animation is based on a traditional Greek folk tale. 2．The motion(运动) of the ship was making me feel very seasick. 3．Under the influence of his father，the young musician is so gifted that he has composed a lot of music. 4．Hearing the bad news，I feel like floating(漂浮) in an ocean of sadness. 5．It is predicted that the earth will face a strong climate warming trend in the future. 6．He started his speech with a quote(引语) from a writer whose novels are popular among teenagers. 7．The fact that the princess didn’t speak a foreign language put her at a distinct(明显的) disadvantage. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共8题；每小题1.5分，共12分) 1．The small incident set the great movement in motion that year. 2．By contrast，there is a trend towards earlier retirement in this area. 3．Our country has made great progress in independent innovation(innovate) in the past few years. 4．The poverty of her children stands in total contrast with/to her life in Hollywood. 5．When I arrived，I saw Larry lying on her bed，motionless(motion)，her eyes closed. 6．There is an obvious contrast between the cultural practices of the East and the West. 7．In comparison with others，his performance in the interview is more distinctive(distinct)． 8．The song writer and music composer(compose) is going to show up at the press conference next week. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) Great painter Salvador Dali once said，“A true artist is not one who is inspired but one who inspires others.” These words perfectly describe Umapathy，an art teacher from Puducherry，who plants the seeds of creativity in his students’ minds through arts and crafts(手工艺)． Umapathy makes beautiful crafts out of biodegradable materials like bamboo，dried leaves，seeds，roots，branches，vegetable waste，and so on.This way，he integrates sustainability into his creations，leaving an everlasting impact on his students. While growing up，Umapathy was inspired by his father，a government school teacher and expert weaver(编织者)．“He spent most of his evenings engaging in weaving.I would observe him and eventually developed an interest in the colours，designs and the art，” recalls Umapathy. While he worked at the government school，it took Umapathy some time to excite the interest of the students.He experimented with different arts and crafts using a variety of materials.“That’s when a big realisation struck me.Most of the students at my school weren’t able to afford the materials or equipment to create craftwork.I decided to opt(选择) for natural materials which are available for free，” he says. This move made the students more interested in the craft than before.With his guidance they were convinced that they could make wonders even out of waste materials.Now the school exhibits over 300 pieces of artwork，all created by the students over the years，on its walls.“I’m only giving wings to their imagination，” says Umapathy with a smile. The craft has also aided several students from poor families to support their financial and educational needs.The students，with the help of Umapathy，have saved their earned income for their education.Several students have pursued their studies in fine arts with the income.One such student，Tamilselvan，completed his graduation in Arts and has followed the path of his master to become an art teacher. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美术老师Umapathy用竹子、干叶子、种子、根、树枝、蔬菜废料等可生物降解的材料教学生制作美丽的工艺品。这激发了孩子的创造力和对手工艺品的兴趣。 1．Which word best describes Umapathy’s craftwork? A．Abstract. B．Interactive. C．Award-winning. D．Environment-friendly. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Umapathy makes beautiful crafts out of biodegradable materials like bamboo，dried leaves，seeds，roots，branches，vegetable waste，and so on.”可推知，Umapathy的工艺品是环保的。故选D。 2．What did Umapathy use to do as a child? A．Collect natural waste. B．Receive weaving training. C．Watch his father weaving. D．Learn painting from his father. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“While growing up，Umapathy was inspired by his father，a government school teacher and expert weaver(编织者)．‘He spent most of...weaving.I would observe him’”可知，Umapathy小时候常看他父亲编织。故选C。 3．Why are natural materials chosen by Umapathy? A．They are perfect for arts and crafts. B．They are easily accessible at no cost. C．They are biodegradable and recyclable. D．They can fire students’ imagination. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Most of the students at my school weren’t able to afford...which are available for free”可知，Umapathy选择天然材料是因为它们很容易被免费获取。故选B。 4．What did Tamilselvan gain from Umapathy’s practice? A．He earned money to pursue further study. B．He achieved his dream to be an art teacher. C．He got inspiration for his own exhibitions. D．He received financial aid from an art school. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The students，with the help of Umapathy，have saved their earned income for their education...pursued their studies in fine arts with the income.One such student，Tamilselvan，completed his graduation in Arts...”可知，Tamilselvan通过Umapathy的实践赚到了继续学业的钱。故选A。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Body language，sometimes called “non-verbal communication”，is an important tool.The way you communicate through body language can determine your success in everything from relationships to your career.Up to 93% of communication can be non-verbal.Paying closer attention to the messages you send through body language can help you succeed. 1 Have good posture(姿势)．If you go to a job interview and you have bad posture，you’ll probably register more poorly to the interviewer.People will associate bad posture with weak confidence or boredom. 2 To have good posture，your head should be up and your back should be straight.Sit down the front of your chair and lean forward slightly to show you’re interested. Mirror another person.Mirroring is when one partner copies the posture of the other partner. 3 Specifically，you can mirror a person’s tone or position of the body.You shouldn’t do this obviously or repeatedly though，only skillfully. Emphasize your point with gestures.Have more than one gesture. 4 If you want to ensure you’re not misunderstood，repeat helpful gestures when you speak the idea aloud.You don’t have to use a body language gesture (or two) for every word，but it’s good to have a toolbox of gestures you can use to reinforce(强化) important but easily misunderstood concepts. 5 Watch for wandering eyes and constant sniffing.If you’re constantly touching your face，you’ll never look confident or at ease.Improving your posture and working to reduce nervous tics(抽搐) can be difficult and will take time，but you’ll quickly improve your overall non-verbal communication. A．Use hand gestures when speaking. B．This will help you better get your message across. C．Avoid gestures that show nervousness or insecurity. D．Here are some ideas for using gestures to communicate. E．Keep your legs slightly apart，so you take up more space. F．They might even think you’re lazy and unmotivated if you don’t sit up straight. G．By copying the actions of the other person，you’ll make him/her feel connected to you. 1．答案　D 解析　上文说明了肢体语言的益处，下文内容介绍了一些肢体语言交流的方式，空格处承上启下，D项中的“some ideas for using gestures to communicate”引起下文，因此推断D项“下面是一些使用姿势来交流的想法”符合语境，故选D。 2．答案　F 解析　上文说明不好的姿势传递不好的信息，F项中的“you don’t sit up straight”是不好的姿势，“you’re lazy and unmotivated”是不好的信息，因此推断F项“如果你不坐直，他们甚至可能会认为你懒惰，没有动力”符合语境，They指上文中的People，故选F。 3．答案　G 解析　根据本段标题“模仿另一个人”和下文“Mirroring ...of the other partner.”可知，此处建议模仿另一个人的姿势，G项中的“copying the actions of the other person”与之一致，讲的是模仿别人，因此推断G项“通过模仿别人的行为，你会让他/她感到与你有联系”符合语境，故选G。 4．答案　B 解析　下文“If you ...the idea aloud.(如果你想确保自己不被误解，当你大声说出这个想法时，要重复一些有用的姿势)”说明利用姿势能够更好地让别人理解自己，与B项中的“better get your message across”一致，因此推断B项“这将帮助你更好地传达你的信息”符合语境，This指代上文“Have more than one gesture.”。故选B。 5．答案　C 解析　空格处是段落小标题。根据下文“注意那些恍惚的目光和不断的抽鼻子”和“Improving your posture and working to reduce nervous tics (抽搐)can be difficult and will take time，but you’ll quickly improve your overall non-verbal communication.”可知，本段建议避免紧张或没有安全感的姿势。故C项“避免表现出紧张或缺乏安全感的姿势”符合语境。故选C。 训练2　Vocabulary(B) 分值：35分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A As humans，we’ve built connections and bonds with certain genres(体裁) or musical styles as a way to express ourselves.Music is a powerful tool to access information about ourselves.A recent study is offering a new insight into how our favorite tunes are linked to our personalities. The study spanning six continents with more than 350,000 participants showed that personality types are linked with certain musical preferences.During the study，people from more than 50 countries self-reported their enjoyment of 23 different music genres while also completing a personality questionnaire.The researchers also had the participants listen to brief clips of music from 16 different genres of Western music and rank them. Songs like Ed Sheeran’s Shivers appeal to extroverts(性格外向者)，while adorable people would be happy listening to What’s Going On by Marvin Gaye.Meanwhile，open people tend to enjoy Nina Simone or David Bowie’s classic Space Oddity.And all of these types of songs have appeal that crosses national borders，according to the study. “We were surprised at just how much these patterns between music and personality were alike across the globe，” said study author David Greenberg，honorary research associate at the University of Cambridge，in a statement. “People may be divided by geography，language and culture，but if an extrovert in one part of the world likes the same music as extroverts elsewhere，that suggests that music could be a very powerful bridge.Music helps people to understand one another and find common ground.” The researchers acknowledge that musical taste isn’t set in stone and can change.But the study provides a foundation for understanding how music can cross other social divisions and bring people together. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明音乐能与我们的性格联系在一起，并解释了其原因。 1．What did participants do during the study? A．They travelled 50 countries. B．They enjoyed 39 music clips. C．They filled in a questionnaire. D．They ranked personality types. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“During the study，people from more than 50 countries self-reported their enjoyment of 23 different music genres while also completing a personality questionnaire.”可知，在研究中，参与者填写了一份问卷，故选C。 2．Who is more likely to be popular with lovely people? A．Ed Sheeran. B．Marvin Gaye. C．Nina Simone. D．David Bowie. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“while adorable people would be happy listening to What’s Going On by Marvin Gaye.”可知，Marvin Gaye更可能受到可爱的人的欢迎，故选B。 3．Which of the following will David Greenberg agree with? A．Culture affects musical taste. B．Geography decides music genres. C．Music promotes communication. D．Personality equals music patterns. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中David说的话“Music helps people to understand one another and find common ground.”可知，他认同音乐可以作为桥梁，促使人们交流，故选C。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．What Determines Our Personality B．Why Music Brings People Together C．What Music Reveals About Our Moods D．How Music Reflects Our Preferences 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A recent study is offering a new insight into how our favorite tunes are linked to our personalities.”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明音乐能与我们的性格联系在一起，并解释了其原因，由此可知，B项“Why Music Brings People Together”适合作文章的标题，故选B。 B Recently，there have been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence(AI) programs that create art.The programs，which create artworks based on short descriptions，have amazed many people.They have also raised difficult questions. In April，NewsForKids.net reported on Dall-E 2，a tool from OpenAI.Dall-E 2 uses AI to create incredible paintings，photos，and other artworks in many different styles based on simple descriptions.Since then，OpenAI has changed its rules to allow anyone to sign up and use the tool.But it’s still putting strong control on the art that can be created. But now there are several other AI tools that work in similar ways.These new tools are free or cheap，and don’t have some of Dall-E 2’s limits.Midjourney is a website that allows users to create images from short descriptions.Stable Diffusion is similar，but users can also run the program on their own computers. The new tools are entertaining and powerful.They allow people to quickly see almost any idea they can imagine，even if they aren’t artists.For some creative workers，like those at companies that create ads or images，the tools allow them to quickly explore new ideas. Many artists are upset that they’re now competing against computers for attention，prizes and jobs.It’s hard for a single artist to compete against all the art and photography that have ever appeared on the Internet.In August，Jason Allen won first place at the Colotsfo State Fair with his picture Theatre D’opera Spatial，which was created with Midjourney.That upset many people. The images and the descriptions used to train these AI programs were taken from the Internet.The training images were without permission，which has raised questions about whether what these tools are doing is fair or legal. The creators of training pictures haven’t given permission for their images to be used，but their skills and talents are a huge part of what makes the new tools so successful.Some artists’ groups say artists should get to decide if their work can be used by these tools. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着科技的发展，创作艺术的人工智能程序应运而生，然而训练这些程序时使用的图像和描述取自互联网，这是未经许可的，这引发了人们对这些工具的行为是否合法的质疑。 5．What should we do to create artworks with Dall-E 2 or Midjourney? A．Upload some photos. B．Draw simple pictures. C．Offer brief descriptions. D．Write a short article. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dall-E 2 uses AI to create incredible paintings，photos，and other artworks in many different styles based on simple descriptions.”和第三段的“Midjourney is a website that allows users to create images from short descriptions.”可知，使用Dall-E 2或Midjourney创造艺术品需要提供简要描述。故选C。 6．How do many artists react to the new AI tools? A．They are concerned about them. B．They are discontented with them. C．They accept them unwillingly. D．They welcome them warmly. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中“Many artists are upset that they’re now competing against computers for attention，prizes and jobs.”可知，艺术家们对于他们现在正在与电脑竞争关注、奖项和工作感到不安。由此推知，许多艺术家对新的人工智能工具感到不满。故选B。 7．What does the underlined word “That” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．Jason Allen’s attracting attention. B．Jason Allen’s creating a picture. C．Jason Allen’s using Midjourney. D．Jason Allen’s winning the prize. 答案　D 解析　代词指代题。根据第五段画线词上文“In August，Jason Allen won first place at the Colotsfo State Fair with his picture Theatre D’opera Spatial，which was created with Midjourney.”可知，That指代上文提到的杰森·艾伦的获奖。故选D。 8．In which column of a website are we likely to read this passage? A．Lifestyle. B．Business. C．Education. D．Science. 答案　D 解析　文章出处题。通读全文尤其根据第一段中“Recently，there have been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence(AI) programs that create art.”可知，本文主要讲的是有关人工智能与艺术创作的话题，涉及科学领域。由此推知，这篇文章最有可能出现在科学栏目中。故选D。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) Born in Salzburg，Austria，Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is believed to have been the most naturally 1.___________(gift) musician that ever lived.He composed over 600 works，many 2._________(recognize) as pinnacles (顶峰) of piano，symphonic，concertante，chamber，operatic，and choral music.He is always among the most popular classical 3. (compose)． Mozart showed extraordinary ability from his earliest childhood.Already skilled in keyboard and violin，he composed from the age of five.His father，also a musician，took young Mozart to perform before European royalty,4. (make) full use of his son’s talent.At 17 he 5.___________(employ) as a court musician in Salzburg，but he grew discontent and traveled in search of a 6. (good) position.While 7. (visit) Vienna in 1781，he was fired from his Salzburg position.He chose to stay in the capital，where he achieved fame but little money.8. his final years in Vienna，he composed many of his best-known symphonies，concertos，and operas,9.________ were largely unfinished at the time of Mozart’s death. Mozart developed a brilliant style that included the light and graceful along with the dark and passionate.Beethoven wrote his own early compositions in the shadow of Mozart，of whom Joseph Haydn wrote that “such 10. talent won’t be seen again in 100 years”． 1．答案　gifted 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应填gift的形容词gifted作定语。故填gifted。 2．答案　recognized 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空处需填非谓语动词构成独立主格，many在此指代works，和recognize为被动关系，需填过去分词形式。故填recognized。 3．答案　composers 解析　考查名词。根据句意表示“作曲家”以及上文的“among the most popular classical”可知，此处应填复数名词composers。故填composers。 4．答案　making 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，took为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，主语His father和make full use of为主动关系，需填现在分词形式。故填making。 5．答案　was employed 解析　考查动词的时态和语态。根据“At 17”可知，这是描述过去的事情，需用一般过去时。he和employ构成被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态作谓语。故填was employed。 6．答案　better 解析　考查形容词比较级。根据上文“but he grew discontent and traveled in search of”可知，他逐渐感到很不满，因此想找一个“更好的”工作，故此处应填good的比较级better。故填better。 7．答案　visiting 解析　考查省略句。while引导时间状语从句时，若从句主语与主句主语一致，则从句的主语和be动词可一起省略。还原为：while he was visiting...。故填visiting。 8．答案　During 解析　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处指他在维也纳的最后几年里。during在……期间。位于句首，首字母大写。故填During。 9．答案　which 解析　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的引导词，指代上文中的“symphonies，concertos，and operas”，指物，用which引导。故填which。 10．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。talent为可数名词，泛指“一个天才”，talent首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $