Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇学习核心，系统梳理重点词汇（如bounce, teammate）、拓展词汇（如shiny→shine的词形变化）及阅读词汇（如backboard, bump），通过词汇辨析（如association搭配）、一词多义（shot的多含义）和熟词生义（nerve表勇气）构建递进学习支架，助力学生夯实词汇基础并拓展应用能力。 资料特色在于分层设计与语境融合，通过“写-悟-认”词汇模块培养语言能力，借助一词多义训练提升思维品质，多样化训练（拼写、语法填空、主题阅读）强化学习能力。例如“悟拓展词汇”环节通过词形变化（expect→expectation）帮助学生构建词汇网络，阅读理解题结合亚运、环保主题语境巩固词汇运用，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生查漏补缺。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．bounce v．(使)弹起，(使)反弹 2．teammate n．队友 3．footstep n．脚步声；足迹 4．philosophy n．人生哲学 5．cheat v．欺骗，作弊 6．net n．球网 7．burst v．突然出现 8．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的 9．self-belief n．自信 10．surgery n．外科手术 11．defeat v．战胜，打败 12．seize v．夺取；抓住 13．teamwork n．合作，协作 14．tournament n．锦标赛 15．a far cry from 与……大不相同 16．give way倒塌，向下垮 17．follow in one’s footsteps仿效某人；继承某人(尤指家人)的事业 18．carry on继续 19．beyond one’s expectations超出某人的预期 20．in a row连续地 21．burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) 22．pay off取得成功 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→shine v．闪光 2．association n．协会，社团→associate vt.联系→associated adj.关联的；联合的 3．muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→mud n．泥 4．shot n．投球，射球，击球→shoot v．射击，射中 5．sharpen v．使提高，使改进；使变锋利→sharp adj.尖的，锋利的→sharply adv.急剧地 6．expectation n．预料，预期→expect v．预料，期待→expected adj.预期的，预料的→unexpected adj.预料之外的 7．opponent n．(竞争、比赛等的)对手；反对者→oppose vi.反对(计划、政策等)；(在竞赛中)与……对垒→opposed adj.强烈反对的；截然不同的→opposite adj.相反的；对面的→opposition n．反对；对立 8．remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→remark n．言论；谈论；评论 vt.& vi.谈论，评论；谈到 9．assign v．分配，分派→assignment n．(分配的)任务 10．steely adj.钢铁般的；坚定的→steel n．钢铁 11．cooperation n．合作，协作→cooperate v．合作，协作→cooperator n．合作者→cooperative adj.合作的；配合的；协作的 12．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→intension n．紧张→intensive adj.密集的；彻底的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Shall a shot for a goal end when the ball touches the backboard in a basketball game? n．篮板 2．The little girl bumped her head on a coffee table and got a large bump on her forehead.v.碰撞　n．隆起之处 3．Warriors armed with bows，arrows and spears have invaded their villages.n.武士，战士 4．The ace spiker suddenly dropped a shot, and took the opponents by surprise.n.(排球队的)扣球队员，主攻手 5．To keep fit，I have signed up for an advanced yoga class in our community.n.瑜伽 6．The typical Bollywood movie usually has the following ingredients.n.(完成某事的)要素，因素 7．He stepped on the podium with the warm applause from audience.n.表演台，讲台 8．Though they were defeated in the quarter-final，they didn’t give up but worked harder，and finally they made a glorious comeback，winning the semi-final with their strong nerve and willpower.n.四分之一决赛 　n．东山再起　n．半决赛 n．意志力 association n．协会，社团；联盟；联系，交往；联想(associate v．交往；联系；联想 associated adj.关联的；联合的) •in association with与……联合；与……相联系 •associate...with...把……与……联系起来 associate with sb 与某人交往；与某人混在一起 •be associated with与……有关 (1)There are many serious health problems in association(associate) with smoking. (2)We associated with all sorts of people to guarantee the smooth going of the contest. (3)As the warrior was associated with a murder case，he was arrested.(用形容词短语作状语改写) →Associated with a murder case，the warrior was arrested. [写作佳句] (4)(话题写作之健康的生活方式)健康的生活方式通常被认为与锻炼、心境和饮食等有关。 A healthy lifestyle is often considered to be associated with exercise，mood，diet and so on. expectation n．预料，预期；期望；盼望(expect vt.期待，期望；预料，预期 expected adj.预期的，预料的 unexpected adj.预料之外的) •beyond one’s expectations 超出某人的预期 live up to/meet one’s expectations不负某人所望，达到某人的期望 in expectation of预料，期望 •expect (sb) to do sth 预计/期望(某人)做某事 be expected to do被期望，被要求；预计做…… as expected正如所料；不出所料 (1)Policemen are probing into the car accident in expectation(expect) of an outcome. (2)We cannot expect to make(make) remarkable progress in such a short time. (3)As expected(expect)，he achieved championship in the tournament and his efforts paid off. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之情感描写)听到这个意外的消息，他呆住了，一下也动不了。 Hearing the unexpected news，he froze and couldn’t move an inch. (5)(应用文写作之求职信)我真的很想得到这个宝贵的机会，我保证我能达到您的期望。 I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I guarantee that I can live up to/meet your expectations. cheat v．欺骗，作弊 cheat sb out of sth 骗走某人某物 cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事 get cheated被骗 (1)People making friends online are afraid of getting cheated(cheat)． (2)The man cheated his teammates into believing(believe) he was a wealthy man. (3)To everyone’s astonishment，he should cheat his partners out of their money during their cooperation. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之通知)请记住，任何被发现在考试中作弊的人都将受到严厉惩罚。 Keep in mind that anybody (who is) found cheating in the exam shall be severely punished. burst v．突然出现；使爆裂 n．突然破裂；爆发 •burst on/onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) burst in闯进；破门而入 burst into突然开始……；突然爆发…… burst out突然……起来 •a burst of一阵…… (1)There is no doubt that a major new talent has burst on/onto the literary scene. (2)We were talking about the next semi-final happily when Mike burst in. (3)The lovely boy burst into tears in public，which made all the guests burst out laughing. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之活动介绍)演讲一结束，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。 The audience burst into thunderous applause as soon as the speech was over. (5)(读后续写之情感描写)她感到一阵惊慌，但强迫自己平静地离开了。 A burst of panic flooded over her，but she forced herself to leave calmly. assign v．分配，分派；布置(作业、任务等)；指定，指派[assignment n．(分配的)任务] assign sb sth＝assign sth to sb 分配给某人某物 assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某事 (1)Our teacher assigned us to write(write) an essay on philosophy. (2)The association has already assigned a holiday task to each of us. (3)When you’re done，throw it all away and dive into your new assignment(assign)． [写作佳句] (4)我很荣幸被指派负责此次活动，我将抓住机会促进我们的合作。 I feel greatly honored to be assigned to charge the activity and I’ll seize the chance to promote our cooperation. give way 倒塌，向下垮；让步，屈服(to) give way to给……让路 give in屈服；投降；让步；上交 give out分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽；公布；宣布 give up放弃；认输 give off放出；发出(光、热、气味等) give away泄露；赠送 用以上短语的适当形式填空 (1)The enthusiastic couple gave away most of their fortune to the poor in their small town. (2)These wild flowers give off a delightful smell，which makes the people around feel fresh. (3)When the result was given out，the boy murmured，“By no means shall I give way to my opponent.” [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之劝慰信)你决不能向任何困难屈服；继续努力，总有一天你会成功的。 Never should you give in to any difficulties；keep trying and you will make it one day. carry on 继续 carry on (with/doing) sth 继续(做)某事 carry out实行，执行；完成，实现 carry away拿走，带走；冲走 carry off成功地处理；获得(奖品、荣誉等) carry through成功完成；使渡过难关 (1)His courage and perseverance carried him through the difficulties. (2)Determined to carry out the plan，they made very careful preparations. (3)Water can carry away the soil only if it is flowing fast. (4)Mike behaved perfectly in the game and he carried off two gold medals. [写作佳句] (5)她下定决心，不管发生什么，她都会坚持下去，继续接受教育。 She determined that whatever happened，she would persevere and carry on with her education. pay off 取得成功；得到回报；付清，还清 pay for付钱买；因……付出代价 pay back偿还；报答 注意　pay off表示“得到回报”时，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，且一般用表示事物的名词作主语；表示“还清”时，是及物动词短语，用人作主语，有被动语态。 (1)Ten years later，the young man with good endurance paid off all the debts. (2)We are determined to do something to pay back our teachers’ hard work on Teachers’ Day. (3)After graduation，she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. [写作佳句] (4)正如谚语所说，“有志者，事竟成。”我们的努力早晚会得到回报。 As a proverb goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” Our efforts will pay off sooner or later. fight one’s way 奋斗前行；努力开辟 push one’s way挤出来 wind one’s way蜿蜒前进 lose one’s way迷路 make one’s way (to/towards sp)前往；到……地方去 feel one’s way (黑暗中)摸索着走；谨慎行事 find one’s way (to...) 设法到达 用以上短语的适当形式填空 (1)So heavy was the fog that they had to feel their way to the castle. (2)He tried to push/fight his way through the crowd to buy Christmas gifts. (3)He managed to find his way to the airport，but was late for the flight. (4)Unfortunately，we lost our way in the deep forest and had no choice but to wait for rescue hopelessly. [写作佳句] (5)长城像一条巨龙蜿蜒穿过中国北方。 The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon. Ⅰ.一词多义 shot A.注射　B.射击手　C.投篮；射门　D.照片；电影的连续镜头　E.尝试 1．He was not a particularly good shot because of his eyesight. B 2．You have to get three shots of the vaccine over a period of six months. A 3．To his disappointment，he had only one shot at goal in the semi-final. C 4．(2023•新课标Ⅰ)If you’re willing to apply yourself，I think you have a good shot at this. E 5．(2023•全国乙)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute.勇气；气魄 2．In this trend，the net income of farmers has decreased year after year.纯的；净赚的 训练1　Vocabulary(A) 分值：47.5分 Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．He suffered a stunning defeat in the election. 2．He lost in the semi-final，which was beyond our expectations. 3．It is a constant match where the greatest opponent(对手) is yourself. 4．Much to our surprise，she was found cheating(作弊) in the examination. 5．Seize the precious opportunity，otherwise you will regret sooner or later. 6．We are working in association with a local orchestra to raise money for the homeless. 7．One of his teammates(队友) was injured and he took him to the nearby hospital at once. 8．The shot(射门) was well beyond the reach of the goalkeeper，giving the player a chance. 9．He burst(突然出现) into the meeting room without knocking，which made the manager annoyed. 10．Mark Twain’s vivid description of the life on the Mississippi River made him a remarkable writer in American history. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．Work harder from now on，and your efforts will pay off some day. 2．The car got stuck in the muddy(mud) ground，making the driver upset. 3．The outcome was that the violent storm eventually gave way to sunshine. 4．You will need to complete three written assignments(assign) per semester. 5．I always associate the smell of these flowers with my delightful childhood. 6．You cannot expect her to finish(finish) this complicated work within a short time. 7．Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the car accident to carry out the rescue. 8．It is reported that many retired people have been cheated out of a large amount of money. 9．Instead of giving up，you should strengthen your nerve and fight your(you) way bravely. 10．The old women burst into tears on learning that their belongings were carried away in the fire. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) Chinese diving queens Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi were，unsurprisingly，among the brightest stars on the platform at the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou in 2023.Together，the two teenagers reached the top step of the podium(领奖台) with a nearly perfect performance in women’s double diving.Then，the two young athletes battled it out in the women’s single 10m platform，when Quan outperformed Chen to win the champion.With both Quan and Chen’s final scores exceeding 430 points，none of the other divers came close，including the bronze medalist(280.50)． Quan and Chen are both the closest of partners and toughest of rivals(对手)．This seemingly complicated relationship，to themselves，however，is very simple.They are simply best friends that have grown up together.“Quan shines in so many ways and she is always energetic during training and competition.” Although Quan is always described as a talkative and funny girl by teammates，the 16-year-old is famous for giving extremely short answers to media questions. Quan and Chen became household names in China after their performance at the Tokyo Olympics in 2021，when Quan won the women’s 10m platform gold and Chen won the silver.“As athletes，we both have the desire to win.That is why we both work extremely hard and fight for the same goal，” said Chen.“She is the best encouragement to me and our true motivation.” But in Quan’s eyes，Chen is the more hardworking one of the two.“She always tries her best at training and competition.I’m not as hard-working as she is，” Quan added.Already collecting Olympic gold and numerous world titles，Quan and Chen stand at the top of world diving.But their sporting dreams remain unfulfilled，with both targeting gold at the Paris Olympics in 2024.“I hope my partner always has a champion’s heart to face future competitions and the challenges ahead，” said Chen. Quan，in her typically brief way，added：“I wish her the same.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国跳水运动员全红婵和陈芋汐在第19届亚运会上的表现，并强调了她们的竞技实力和团队精神。 1．What did Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi win in the 19th Asian Games? A．A silver and a bronze as individuals. B．A gold and a bronze as individuals. C．The gold together as partners. D．The bronze together as partners. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Together，the two teenagers reached the top step of the podium(领奖台) with a nearly perfect performance in women’s double diving.”可知，两人在女子双人跳水比赛中获得了金牌。故选C。 2．What is Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi’s next goal according to the text? A．To win the women’s 10m platform gold. B．To collect more Olympic golds and world titles. C．To have a champion’s heart to face future competitions. D．To win the gold medal at the Paris Olympics in 2024. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“But their sporting dreams remain unfulfilled，with both targeting gold at the Paris Olympics in 2024.”可知，全红婵和陈芋汐的下一个目标是在2024年的巴黎奥运会上夺金。故选D。 3．What can be inferred about Quan Hongchan from the text? A．She values and appreciates her partnership with Chen Yuxi. B．She is known for her charm and humor among her fans. C．She is talkative and enjoys answering media questions in detail. D．She works harder when training. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Quan and Chen are both the closest of partners and toughest of rivals(对手)．”以及最后一段中的“But in Quan’s eyes，...‘I’m not as hard-working as she is，’ Quan added.”可知，全红婵和陈芋汐是最好的朋友和最强劲的对手，而且全红婵高度评价了陈芋汐。由此推知，全红婵很珍视和感激与陈芋汐的合作关系。故选A。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Best Friends，Golden Rivals B．Toughest Challenges，Sweet Dreams C．Rising Stars in Asian Games：Quan and Chen Shine D．Competing for Gold：Quan and Chen’s Olympic Journey 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的“Chinese diving queens Quan Hongchan and Chen Yuxi were，unsurprisingly，...when Quan outperformed Chen to win the champion.”以及第二段首句“Quan and Chen are both the closest of partners and toughest of rivals(对手)．”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了全红婵和陈芋汐的友谊和竞技成绩，这两个人既是对手，又是最好的朋友。由此可知，A项最适合作本文标题。故选A。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical(亚热带的) wilderness in the country. 1 It is also the third largest national park in the lower forty-eight states，after Death Valley and Yellowstone.Each year，it’s said that more than one million people visit the Everglades. 2 The expansive wetlands stretch across more than six hundred thousand hectares.It is a place where plants and animals from the Caribbean Sea share an ecosystem with native North American species. Unlike most other national parks，Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem from damage.The Everglades is home to about fifteen species that federal officials say are threatened and endangered. 3 In addition，more than three hundred fifty bird species and three hundred species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park.The Everglades is also home to forty species of mammals and fifty reptile species. 4 They include what is said to be the largest growth of mangrove trees in the western world.Gumbo-limbo trees，known for their peeling red skin，strangler figs and royal palms are also among the area’s plant life.Besides this，the country’s largest living mahogany tree also lives in the Everglades. In the past few years，environmental experts have learned about the damage to the Everglades.They say the balance of nature there has been destroyed. 5 However，efforts to protect the area are continuing in order that people from all over the world may continue visiting this biological treasure. A．The future of the Everglades is not clear. B．Visitors to the Everglades will see many exotic plants. C．The park is home to several rare and endangered species. D．Experts believe that the Everglades has a very bright future. E．The park is very beautiful and attracts millions of tourists every year. F．The Everglades is considered one of the great biological wonders of the world. G．They include the Florida panther，the American crocodile and the West Indian manatee. 1．答案　C 解析　根据上文可知，大沼泽地国家公园是美国最大的亚热带荒野。结合下文可知，它也是美国本土48个州的第三大国家公园，仅次于死亡谷和黄石公园，因此推知第一段主要介绍了大沼泽地国家公园的总体情况。C项“该公园是一些稀有和濒危物种的家园”承接上文，并引起下文“It is also...”。故选C。 2．答案　F 解析　空处为段落主题句。根据下文可知，广阔的湿地面积超过60万公顷。在这里，来自加勒比海的动植物与北美本土物种共享一个生态系统。由此可知，F项“大沼泽地被认为是世界上最伟大的生物奇迹之一”符合本段主旨。故选F。 3．答案　G 解析　根据上文可知，大沼泽地是大约15种联邦认定的濒危物种的家园。G项“它们包括佛罗里达豹、美洲鳄和西印度海牛”符合语境，G项中的They是指上文的fifteen species，此选项是对上文濒危物种的举例。故选G。 4．答案　B 解析　空处为段落主题句。根据本段中“the largest growth of mangrove trees”“Gumbo-limbo trees”“strangler figs and royal palms”等内容可知，本段主要介绍大沼泽地的奇异植物。B项“到大沼泽地的游客会看到许多奇异的植物”符合语境。故选B。 5．答案　A 解析　根据上文“他们说那里的自然平衡已经被破坏了”以及下文“然而，保护该地区的努力仍在继续，以便世界各地的人们可以继续参观这个生物宝藏”可知，A项“大沼泽地的未来并不明朗”承接上文，且与下文构成转折关系。故选A。 训练2　Vocabulary(B) 分值：35分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Thirty-five years ago，with just one acre of land，a couple of seeds and a bucket of hope，one Nigerian-born scientist began his mission to defeat famine(饥荒) on his continent. News of the drought across Africa in the early 1980s troubled Nzamujo.Equipped with a microbiology PhD and his faith，he travelled back to Africa.There，he found a continent ecologically rich，diverse and capable of producing food.He believes drought wasn’t the only reason for widespread hunger，and that sustainability had been left out. Nzamujo began designing a “zero waste” agriculture system that would not only increase food security，but also help the environment and create jobs.In 1985，he started his sustainable farm “Songhai” in the West African country of Benin. Nzamujo lives on the farm and constantly updates his techniques.He credits his degrees in science and engineering for Songhai’s success.But he also thanks his spiritual and cultural roots，and his father—a driving force in his life who encouraged him to pursue his studies to the highest degree and to use Songhai to share his knowledge. Songhai has several “eco-literacy” development programs.They range from 18-month training courses for farmer-enterprisers to shorter stays to learn techniques like weeding.People come from all over the world to study Nzamujo’s methods. After seeing success on his first zero waste farm，he expanded throughout Benin and western Africa.Today，the Songhai model is applied across the continent，including Nigena，Uganda，Sierra Leone and Liberia.Nzamujo says they’ve trained more than 7,000 farmer-enterprisers and more than 30,000 people in total since it began. Nzamujo believes zero waste agriculture is now steadily tackling the issues he set out to defeat hunger，unemployment and environmental declines.And he wants to see it go further. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学识渊博且有责任心的Nzamujo博士回到非洲，设计“零浪费”农业系统，创立“淞亥”农场，帮助那里的人们缓解饥荒问题。 1．Which factor related to famine was unnoticed in Nzamujo’s eyes? A．Poor soil. B．Water shortage. C．Lack of resources. D．Unsustainability. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He believes drought wasn’t...sustainability had been left out.”可知，在Nzamujo看来，可持续性是被人们忽略了的一个原因，即农业的不可持续性问题没有被注意到。故选D。 2．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A．Introduce a solution. B．Give examples to the readers. C．Add some background information. D．Summarize the previous paragraphs. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Nzamujo于1985年开始了他的可持续性农田项目，结合上文他认为干旱不是导致饥荒的唯一原因，可持续性被忽视了可知，这是一种解决方案。故选A。 3．How does Songhai help to ease the problem of famine? A．By offering land. B．By trading seeds. C．By educating farmers. D．By selling technology. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，Songhai项目开设了很多农业课程，通过培训农民来帮助缓解饥荒问题。故选C。 4．Which of the following can best describe Nzamujo? A．Critical and careful. B．Learned and responsible. C．Optimistic and generous. D．Considerate and ambitious. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“News of the drought across Africa...he travelled back to Africa.”以及后文中Nzamujo的努力可知，获得微生物学博士学位的Nzamujo得知非洲人民遭受饥荒时，带着自己的知识和信仰回到非洲，去帮助那里的人们。由此可推知，Nzamujo不但学识渊博而且有责任心。故选B。 B Mike Leach，the bad-tempered and pioneering college football coach who helped completely change the passing game with the Air Raid offense(进攻)，died from a heart condition at the age of 61.“Mike was a giving and attentive husband，father and grandfather.He was able to take part in organ donation at UMMC as a final act of charity，” the family said in a statement. In 21 seasons as a head coach at Texas Tech，Washington State and Mississippi State，Leach went 158－107.His impact on all levels of football—from high school to the NFL—over the last two decades runs deep and will continue for years to come.Mississippi State President Mark Keenum said，“His passing brings great sadness to our university，to the South-eastern Conference，and to all who loved college football.” Leach’s teams were continuing winners at programs where success did not come easy.And his quarterbacks put up massive passing statistics，running a relatively simple offense called the Air Raid that he did not invent but certainly mastered. “You have to make choices and limit what you’re going to teach and what you’re going to do.That’s the hard part，” Leach told the AP about the Air Raid’s economical playbook.After years of questions about whether Leach’s spread offense could be successful in the nation’s most talented football conference，the Bulldogs set an SEC record for yards passing in his very first game against defending national champion LSU. In 1987，he broke into college coaching at Cal Poly，but it was at Iowa Wesleyan that he found his muse.Head coach Hal Mumme had invented the Air Raid while coaching high school in Texas.At Iowa Wesleyan，with Leach as offensive coordinator(协调者)，it began to take hold and completely change the way football was played. From then，the Air Raid spread like wild and became the noticeable way offense was run in the Big 12. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迈克·里奇对橄榄球运动的影响，其目的在于纪念他。 5．Which word best describes Mike Leach as a football coach? A．Friendly. B．Generous. C．Influential. D．Demanding. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句和第二段前两句“In 21 seasons as a head coach at Texas Tech，...will continue for years to come.”可知，迈克·里奇改变了橄榄球比赛，对各个级别的橄榄球比赛都有深远影响。由此可知，他是一个很有影响力的人。故选C。 6．What makes the Air Raid popular? A．Leach’s profitable playbook. B．Leach’s spread of it. C．The defending of Leach’s teams. D．The easy access to it. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二句、第五段最后一句和第六段可知，正是迈克·里奇的传播让Air Raid成为引人注目的进攻方式。故选B。 7．What does the underlined word “muse” refer to in paragraph 5? A．Fan. B．Boss. C．Invention. D．Inspiration. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“In 1987，...with Leach as offensive coordinator(协调者)，it began to take hold and completely change the way football was played.”可知，里奇是在爱荷华卫斯理学院找到了muse，结合后面的主教练Hal Mumme发明了Air Raid，而里奇将Air Raid发扬光大可推知，muse为名词，表示“灵感，创作源泉”。故选D。 8．What is the purpose of this text? A．To explain passing skills. B．To encourage donations. C．To honour Mike Leach. D．To introduce Hal Mumme. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。阅读全文内容可知，文章第一段介绍了迈克·里奇是谁，第二、三、四、五、六段则重点介绍了迈克·里奇对橄榄球运动的影响。由此可推知，本文的写作目的在于纪念迈克·里奇。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) The phrase “One Person Can Make a Difference” is one of those sayings that great importance 1. (attach) to when we teach youngsters—to encourage them to do something 2. (significance), to help another person, or to dream big about how they will change the world. 3． adults, do we really believe this? I am writing to tell you that indeed “one person can”， because I know one person did an act of kindness 4. changed my life and the lives of millions more. Almost 15 years ago while 5. (drive) across town, I was listening to a radio interview and heard an inspiring story of 6. (generous).7. woman had carried in ten winter coats through the Thanksgiving weekend crowds on mass transportation 8.______________(donate) them at the One Warm Coat drive.She knew the city had many people in need. She was only one person, yet it was her action that made me realize that more people would be able to donate if there were more drop-off locations.In the past 15 years, One Warm Coat 9._________(inspire) the donation of over 4 million coats across the country.As the National Founder, I feel 10. (extreme) warm, knowing that we are capable of making a real difference. So when you wonder “Will it really matter？” I can tell you that it will! 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述一位女士在感恩节带着十件冬衣穿过人群去捐赠的故事，来告诉我们“一个人可以创造不同”这个道理。 1．答案　is attached 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空格处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。attach与importance之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态，且importance为不可数名词，故be动词用is。故填is attached。 2．答案　significant 解析　考查形容词。空格处应填入形容词作后置定语修饰不定代词something。significance的形容词形式为significant。故填significant。 3．答案　As 解析　考查介词。结合句意，此处表示“作为”，应用介词as，位于句首，首字母大写。故填As。 4．答案　that/which 解析　考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰名词act “行为”，并在从句中作主语，故可用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 5．答案　driving 解析　考查非谓语动词。空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语，且drive“开车”与句子主语I之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填driving。 6．答案　generosity 解析　考查名词。空格前的of为介词，故空格处应填入名词作宾语。generous的名词形式为generosity “慷慨”，且为不可数名词。故填generosity。 7．答案　A 解析　考查冠词。此处泛指一名女士，且woman发音以辅音音素开头。位于句首需大写，故填A。 8．答案　to donate 解析　考查非谓语动词。结合句意，这位女士带着冬衣穿过拥挤的人群，是为了去捐赠衣服，故用不定式表目的。故填to donate。 9．答案　has inspired 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past 15 years可知，谓语动词的时态为现在完成时，主语One Warm Coat为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has inspired。 10．答案　extremely 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词warm。故填extremely。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $