Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语词汇核心知识点，系统梳理28个重点词汇（如mood, link, native）、16个拓展词汇（如combination→combine的词性转换）及阅读词汇，构建“基础词汇-拓展应用-语境表达”学习支架，结合搭配、句型及写作佳句实现词汇从认知到运用的过渡。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词性转换、一词多义训练深化词汇理解，写作佳句模块将词汇与表达结合提升语言运用能力，多样化训练题（拼写、语法填空、阅读等）助力课中教学实施与课后查漏补缺，有效提升学习效率。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．mood n．情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 2．link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来n．联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 3．native n．出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的 4．bond n．纽带，联系；连接，结合 5．lower vt.降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下adj.下面的；在底部的；低洼的 6．enhance vt.提高，增强 7．boil vi.& vt.用沸水煮；(使)沸腾 8．scenery n．风景，景色；舞台布景 9．atmosphere n．气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气 10．version n．变体，变种；说法；版本 11．elderly adj.年纪较大的，上了年纪的 12．mild adj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的 13．loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 14．expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 15．multiple adj.数量多的，多样的 16．plain adj.朴素的，简单的；清楚的n．平原 17．property n．性质，特性；所有物，财产；不动产 18．estimate vt.估计，估价n．估计；估计的成本 19．essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 20．concept n．概念，观念 21．stimulate vt.刺激，使兴奋；促进，激发 22．delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的 23．do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的 24．cry out for 迫切需要 25．throw oneself into 投身于 26．out of this world好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 27．let sth loose放任；释放 28．hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 29．fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合→combine vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合 2．greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 3．gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→gentle adj.温和的；文雅的 4．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→associate v．联想，联系；(使)关联 5．vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同 vt.变更，改变→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→variety n．变化；种类；多样化 6．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→relief n．救济；减轻，解除；安慰 7．security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→secure adj.安全的 8．generate vt.产生，引起→generation n．产生；一代；一代人 9．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impression n．印象；效果 10．adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢→adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的 11．fog n．雾→foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的 12．appropriate adj.合适的→appropriately adv.适当地；合适地 13．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumer n．消费者；顾客→consumption n. 消费，消耗量 14．innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→innovate vi.& vt.创新；改革；革新 15．emphasis n．强调，重视；重读→emphasiz(s)e vt.强调；重读 16．wrapper n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→wrap vt.包；缠绕 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Your encouragement will stimulate me to make greater efforts.vt.激励 2．The great advantage of home-grown oranges is their magnificent flavour.n.味道 3．You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.vt.消化 4．As far as I’m concerned，a child’s vocabulary can expand through reading.v.扩大，增加 combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合(combine v．使结合；联合；混合) • in combination with与……联合 • combine...and/with...把……与……结合 combine to do sth联合起来做某事 (1)As far as I’m concerned，in order to relieve us of our learning pressure，we should combine study with/and relaxation. (2)The beating sun and tough work combined to make(make) him dizzy and he fell to the ground. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之活动介绍)美丽的风景和美味的食物使我们的青岛之行愉快且难忘。 The beautiful scenery，in combination with delicious/tasty food，made our visit to Qingdao pleasant and unforgettable. association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往 (associate vt.& vi.联想；联系；交往 associated adj.有关的；相关的) •in association with与……联合/有关联；与……交往 •associate...with...把……与……联系起来 associate with与……交往 •be associated with与……相关 (1)When it comes to calligraphy，Chinese people must associate it with Wang Xizhi，a Chinese calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. (2)The festival associated(associate) with music is scheduled to be held next Friday. (3)Many of the solar terms have been in association(associate) with Chinese customs over the centuries. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你和积极思考的人交往，你一定会取得成功。 If you are in association with/associate with positive-thinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success. vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同vt.变更，改变(various adj.不同的；各种各样的 variety n．多样性；变化；种类) •vary from...to...从……到……变化 vary in 在……方面变化 vary with 随……变化 •a variety of＝varieties of多种多样的 (1)The concert will start with a fantastic folk dance，followed by various(vary) performances. (2)Chinese food is usually divided into eight main cuisines，varying from Sichuan cuisine to Su cuisine. (3)The club combines study with fun，offering varieties(vary) of activities，which attracts a lot of students. [写作佳句] (4)(话题写作之传统节日)在端午节期间，中国人会举行各种各样的活动，比如龙舟赛、品尝美味的粽子等等。 During the Dragon Boat Festival，people in China will hold various/a variety of/varieties of activities，such as dragon boat racing，enjoying tasty rice dumplings and so on. link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来n．联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 •link...to/with...把……和……连接起来/联系起来 be linked to/with...被连接到……；与……相关联 link up (with...)(与……)连接，结合 •a link between...and...……和……之间的联系 (1)The Silk Road was an ancient system of trade routes that linked the East to/with the West. (2)We had a heated discussion whether there’s a direct link between smoking and lung diseases last Sunday. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之传统文化)在中国文化中，人们认为红色通常与高兴和喜庆相关。 In Chinese culture，it is believed that red is usually linked to/with joy and celebration. relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解(relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的relief n．宽慰；轻松；解脱) •relieve sb of sth帮某人拿重物；帮某人减轻(负担)；解除某人的职务 •in/with relief如释重负；松了口气 to one’s relief让某人感到宽慰的是 (1)Seeing David playing happily outside with the scarf sheltering him，I felt relieved(relieve) and content. (2)Reaching the tall building where her office was on time，Alice breathed a sigh of relief(relieve)． [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之动作描写)听到我被我渴望加入的音乐俱乐部录取，我如释重负地笑了。 Hearing I was admitted into the music club that I was eager to join，I smiled with relief. (4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令他们欣慰的是，在父亲的指导下，他们成功地做好了点心。 To their relief，with the guidance of Father，they successfully made the dim sum. impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到(impression n．印象，感想；影响，效果impressive adj.令人印象深刻的) •impress sth on/upon sb＝impress sb with sth使某人对某事印象深刻 be impressed by/with...对……印象深刻 What impresses sb is (that)．..让某人印象深刻的是…… •leave/make a(n)．..impression on/upon sb给某人留下一个……的印象 (1)His impressive performance on the stage yesterday left a deep impression on/upon his audience.(impress) (2)Chinese New Year paintings often impress people with a lively atmosphere，conveying the Chinese people’s great expectation for happiness. ＝Chinese New Year paintings often impress a lively atmosphere on/upon people，conveying the Chinese people’s great expectation for happiness. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之文化自信)这次展览给我留下了深刻的印象，不仅促进了中国传统文化的传承，也增强了我们的民族自豪感。 The exhibition left/made a deep impression on/upon me，which not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but also strengthened our national pride. (4)(话题写作之传统文化)我仍然对那些快乐的日子印象深刻，那时我用红灯笼装饰我们的房子，贴对联，和我的父母开心地包饺子。 I was still impressed by/with the happy days when I decorated our house with red lanterns，put up couplets and made dumplings with my parents happily. (5)(2023·浙江1月，新闻报道)最让我们印象深刻的是参观一个植物园，在那里我们欣赏了各种各样色彩鲜艳的花，如雏菊、水仙花等。 What impressed us most was a visit to a botanic garden，where we admired a variety of colorful flowers，such as daisies and daffodils. appropriate adj.合适的 (appropriately adv.适当地) be appropriate to/for适合…… It is (not) appropriate for sb to do sth.某人(不)适合做某事。 It is appropriate that...……是合适的。(从句中要使用虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略) (1)It is time that we should learn how to take essential measures to preserve these good customs appropriately(appropriate)． (2)It is not appropriate for students to interrupt(interrupt) teachers when they are talking. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之推荐信)我向你强烈推荐这本书，因为它适合像你一样的英语初学者。 I strongly recommend the book to you，because it is appropriate to English beginners like you. essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 be essential to/for 对……是必不可少的 It is essential for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事是很有必要的。 It is essential that sb (should) do sth.某人做某事是很有必要的。 (1)It is essential that he (should) get(get) some reliable information before making inferences. (2)Food is essential to/for life，so we should try to persuade everyone around us to save food. [写作佳句] (3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，建议信)此外，为了确保我们的口语练习顺利进行，每三到四名学生有必要被分到一组。 Additionally，to ensure that our oral practice goes smoothly，it is essential that three to four students (should) be grouped together. (4)(2022·全国乙，短文投稿)在我看来，阅读英语书籍对于提高我们的英语水平和拓展我们的视野是必不可少的，尤其是英语经典作品。 From my point of view，reading English books is essential to/for improving our English level and expanding our horizons，especially English classics. throw oneself into(＝devote oneself to＝put one’s heart into)投身于，热衷于 throw away 扔掉；摒弃 throw light on/upon sth使……更易理解；阐明 throw one’s arms around sb 搂住某人 (1)The experts hope to find some evidence to throw light on/upon the spread of the disease. (2)Inspired by the moving story，she threw herself into her study with great enthusiasm. (3)On no account should we throw away the good traditions and customs. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之动作描写)我面带微笑，向母亲冲去，紧紧地搂住她。(现在分词短语作状语) With a smile on my face，I charged towards my mother，throwing my arms around her tightly. fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 take apart将……拆开，拆分 tell...apart把……区别开 set...apart使……与众不同 (1)He has a deep voice，which sets him apart from others in our small town. (2)The twins look so much alike that I can hardly tell them apart. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之心理描写)迷失在森林里，我因为极度恐惧而出了一身冷汗，差点崩溃。 Lost in the forest，I was in a cold sweat from extreme horror and I nearly fell apart. (4)(读后续写之情绪描写)当我看到我的新笔记本电脑被我哥哥拆开时，我无法控制我的情绪，勃然大怒。 When I saw my new laptop was taken apart by my older brother，I couldn’t contain my mood，boiling with anger. Ⅰ.一词多义 mild A.adj.温和的；温柔的　B.adj.温暖的，暖和的 C.adj.轻微的；不严重的　D.adj.淡味的；不浓的 1．Different from me，my twin sister prefers mild cheese. D 2．Good figure and mild temper make her loved by all. A 3．That he suffered from a mild heart attack surprised all of us. C 4．With its mild climate，the place usually attracts visitors from home and abroad. B digest A.vt.消化　B.vt.理解，领悟　C.n.摘要，文摘 5．The report contains too much to digest at one reading. B 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge(污泥)as food and began to eat it！Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water. A 7．The organization publishes a regular digest of environmental statistics. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Nothing could stop him from achieving his appetite for success.n.欲望 2．Foreign visitors help to give a unique flavour to the occasion.n.特色，气氛 3．Somehow，the mood of the meeting was distinctively pessimistic.n.气氛，氛围 4．If the structure of your speech is loose and confusing，chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confusing.adj.不严谨的 5．Sorry to interrupt you，but could you expand on that point，please? I can’t follow you.vi.详述 训练1　Vocabulary(A)　[分值：50.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．When you drink black coffee，it will leave a bitter taste in your mouth. 2．The book，the cover of which is missing，dates back to the Qing Dynasty. 3．Don’t put that saucer so near the edge of the table—it will fall down easily. 4．It is so foggy that the driver has to reduce speed to forty kilometers an hour. 5．In my opinion，his casual clothes were not appropriate for such a formal occasion. 6．Kunming，the capital city of Yunnan Province，with its mild (温和的)climate all year round，is suitable to live in. 7．When I came to visit the chef，she was baking(烘烤) a birthday cake for her daughter in the kitchen. 8．As far as I am concerned，I can’t lay emphasis(强调) on the rewarding and interesting fruit-picking activity too much. 9．It is for these reasons that I firmly believe that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere(气氛) and our teamwork spirit. 10．Being equipped with global vision and the spirit of innovation(创新) is important to China’s younger generation. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分) 1．As we all know，the panda which is loved by people worldwide is native to China. 2．To my relief，the new medicine bought from Japan helped relieve(relief) the pain of my brother’s injured leg. 3．Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems. 4．Mary likes to shop in the supermarket because she is interested in the variety(vary) of desserts on offer. 5．Li Hua will take up his position as the chairman of the student association(associate) at the end of next month. 6．Every year from March to May，the combination(combine) of cold air and high temperatures in deserts is likely to form sandstorms. 7．While shopping in the mall，I happened to spot him walking(walk) with a girl shoulder to shoulder. 8．Little Tom went to the stadium in a hurry，only to be informed(inform) that the game had been put off. 9．They all agreed to expand the new company，but the expansion(expand) would cost them a lot of money. 10．The old man is believed(believe) to have invented the first new tool in this village. 11．It is essential that these application forms(should) be sent(send) back as soon as possible. 12．The key to funny advertising is making sure that the humor is appropriate to/for the product. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，共10分) With low or no-carbohydrate diets gaining in popularity in recent times，the potato is now regularly overlooked in favour of other vegetables.In fact，research literature has previously indicated potatoes may have a detrimental effect on health，such as increasing the possibility of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)． However，new research done by Edith Cowan University(ECU) has shown while potatoes may not have all the same benefits as some other vegetables，such as lowering risk of Type 2 diabetes，health issues associated with potatoes may actually be due to how people are preparing them and what they’re eating them with. A recent analysis of this study led by Dr Nicola Bondonno from ECU’s Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute found people who consumed the most vegetables were 21 percent less likely to develop Type 2 diabetes than those who consumed the least vegetables.PhD candidate Pratik Pokharel carried out working on the analysis and said while potatoes didn’t have the same impact on Type 2 diabetes，they also didn’t have any negative effect. “In Denmark，people consume potatoes prepared in many different ways.In our study，we could distinguish(区分) between the different preparation methods.When we separated boiled potatoes from mashed potatoes(土豆泥)，fries or crisps，boiled potatoes were no longer associated with a higher risk of diabetes—they had a zero effect，” said Pokharel. “In our study，people who ate the most potatoes also consumed more butter，red meat and soft drinks—foods known to increase your risk of Type 2 diabetes，” said Pokharel.“We should separate potatoes from other vegetables in regard to messaging about disease prevention but replacing refined grains such as white rice and pasta(意大利面食) with potatoes can improve your diet quality because of fibre and other nutrients found in potatoes.” 语篇解读　本文是说明文。伊迪斯科文大学的新研究表明，虽然土豆可能不像其他蔬菜那样有益健康，但吃土豆引起的健康问题可能与人们吃土豆时采用的烹饪方法和搭配食用的食物有关。 1．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Magical. B．Protective. C．Fantastic. D．Negative. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。由第一段最后的“such as increasing the possibility of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)”可知，吃土豆会增加患2型糖尿病的可能性。由此可知，前面是表示吃土豆可能对健康有负面影响。故选D。 2．What may contribute to the bad reputation of potatoes according to ECU’s research? A．The effects they have caused. B．The ways they are consumed. C．The places where they are planted. D．The results previous studies have shown. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由第二段“However，new research...health issues associated with potatoes may actually be due to how people are preparing them and what they’re eating them with.”可判断，伊迪斯科文大学的新研究表明，土豆会引起健康问题的坏名声可能与人们吃土豆的方式有关。故选B。 3．Which of the following have little effect on diabetes? A．Fries. B．Crisps. C．Boiled potatoes. D．Mashed potatoes. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第四段最后“‘When we separated boiled potatoes from mashed potatoes(土豆泥)，fries or crisps，boiled potatoes were no longer associated with a higher risk of diabetes—they had a zero effect，’said Pokharel.”可判断，煮着吃的土豆对糖尿病没有影响。故选C。 4．What is Pokharel’s attitude towards potatoes? A．Critical. B．Opposed. C．Indifferent. D．Objective. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。倒数第二段中Pokharel提到了土豆的不同做法与糖尿病相关风险之间的联系，最后一段中陈述了可以用土豆来代替其他精加工食物。由此判断，他只是在客观陈述土豆对健康的影响。故选D。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Food waste may result from lifelong habits. 1 Follow these tips to reduce unnecessary food waste in your household and save money along the way. Plan your meals.When you don’t know clearly what you want to eat，it’s easy to pick up more than you need，especially when items are on offer.Plan your meals for the week in advance to avoid unnecessary food waste. 2 Store your products correctly.A lot of fruit and vegetables spoil before you eat them. 3 For example，potatoes，carrots and other root vegetables last longest if kept in the dark.Fresh fruit and vegetables，like grapes or onions，shouldn’t be kept with ethylene-producing products as they make other fresh produce ripen and rot(腐烂) more quickly.You can also find many ways to keep your perishables fresh by using water. Get creative with leftovers.For those times when planning fails you and you end up with leftover meals in your fridge，instead of throwing them out，think about inventive ways to transform them. 4 Think twice before you toss items like meat bones，which form the perfect basis for stock or a soup throughout the winter. 5 Do you always buy the same things every time you are in the supermarket，yet every week you have things you throw away? Note down the products in the bin time and time again，so that you can avoid buying them (or so much of them) in the future. A．Track your trash. B．Sort out the rubbish. C．Many unknown tips can keep produce fresh. D．Try to stretch your grocery budget a little bit further. E．Luckily，it’s easy to learn how to change these habits around. F．Italians，for example，fry leftover rice and it becomes Arancini. G．Work out what you plan to eat and how much of each item you’ll need. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章首先说明食物浪费可能源于终生的习惯，进而介绍了4个不但有助于减少食物浪费，还能省钱的好习惯。 1．答案　E 解析　根据上文“Food waste may result from lifelong habits.”可知，文章第一段切入话题，habits为复现词，E项“幸运的是，学习如何改变这些习惯是很容易的”承接上文，下文中的“Follow these tips”呼应E项中的“how to change these habits around”，故选E。 2．答案　G 解析　由本段中心句“Plan your meals.”可知，本段内容与计划饮食有关，空前“Plan your meals for the week in advance to avoid unnecessary food waste.”建议提前计划一周的饮食，G项是根据饮食计划来计算出所需的食材种类和分量，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 3．答案　C 解析　由本段中心句“Store your products correctly.”可知，本段内容与储存食物有关。由空前“A lot of fruit and vegetables spoil before you eat them.”可知，此处涉及水果蔬菜的正确保存方法，C项“很多不为人知的方法可以让农产品保持新鲜”顺接上文，下文以举例的形式介绍了C项中的“unknown tips”，上下文衔接顺畅，故选C。 4．答案　F 解析　由本段中心句“Get creative with leftovers.”可知，本段内容与处理剩饭有关，根据空前“For those times...you end up with leftover meals in your fridge...think about inventive ways to transform them.”可知，空处应介绍“有创意的方法”，F项举例说明意大利人如何创意地处理剩饭，符合语境，故选F。 5．答案　A 解析　此处为本段中心句。根据下文可知，对于被扔掉的东西，要有记录，这样下次就可以少买或者不买，A项中的trash与下文中的“the products in the bin”呼应，语意一致，故选A。 训练2　Vocabulary(B)　[分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Graduation is a significant milestone for everyone.An 89-year-old man called Rene Neira had been trying to finish a degree since the 1950s.However，in the 1960s，he was so passionate about urban and economic development of the south side of San Antonio that he stopped school and got involved with the local government.From that time，one of his life goals was to earn a degree in economics.In 2017，the grandpa and his 19-year-old granddaughter both enrolled(入学) at the University of Texas at San Antonio. “There were times when we would get lunch together，be in the library together，and just work silently side-by-side，” Melanie Salazar，Rene’s granddaughter，recalled.“He always had something to say，especially if his professors had different opinions than him，” Melanie said.“And there were often times when a professor would invite him to talk about the past.” Rene’s college years weren’t easy.“He has worked very hard over time.Especially in recent years，with hearing loss and going through seasons of not having a car，there was a term where he had to take medical leave because he had a stroke，so he couldn’t go back to school that term，” said Melanie. After four years，their hard work finally paid off—they graduated.Together，they stood on the stage.Everyone broke into applause and cheered for this fantastic pair. Their story has been making waves online.People have nothing but good words for them.“Awww...I love stories like this.This was such a beautiful moment.Congratulations to both of them.Grandpa definitely demonstrated that one shouldn’t give up their dream no matter how long it takes，” one wrote.Another wrote，“I’m motivated to go back to school myself，thanks to his example.” Rene had the determination to finish his degree even at an advanced stage in his life.Hard work，patience，and determination are the keys to success，especially when the path is not easy or clear. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位89岁的老人Rene Neira在2017年和他的19岁孙女一起入读得克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校的故事。这个故事告诉我们不论年龄多大，都不能放弃自己的梦想，努力、耐心和决心是成功的关键。 1．Why did Rene fail to get a degree when he was young? A．He was not interested in university life then. B．He devoted himself to city development. C．He needed to work to support his family. D．He was not good at his school work. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“However，in the 1960s，he was so passionate about urban and economic development of the south side of San Antonio that he stopped school and got involved with the local government.”可知，Rene年轻时没有取得学位是因为他为了参与城市经济建设而放弃了学业。故选B。 2．How was Rene’s college life? A．It made him physically ill. B．It was full of surprise. C．It was smooth and plain. D．It came with challenges. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Especially in recent years，with hearing loss and going through seasons of not having a car，there was a term where he had to take medical leave because he had a stroke，so he couldn’t go back to school that term”可知，Rene最近几年听力下降，又经历了几季没有车的日子，还曾经中风，所以他的大学生活充满艰辛和挑战。故选D。 3．What did people think of Rene’s experience? A．Admirable. B．Doubtful. C．Funny. D．Pitiful. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据第五段中“People have nothing but good words for them.”以及“Grandpa definitely demonstrated that one shouldn’t give up their dream no matter how long it takes”以及“Another wrote，‘I’m motivated to go back to school myself，thanks to his example.’”可知，人们认为Rene的经历令人钦佩和赞叹。故选A。 4．What lesson can we learn from Rene’s story? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．It is never too late to achieve one’s dream. C．Genius without education is like silver in the mine. D．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段可知，文章通过Rene的经历阐述了一个道理：不论年龄多大，都不能放弃自己的梦想。故选B。 B This fall，students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their dining commons: the “diet for a cooler planet” menu.This meant herb-roasted lamb，raised with a carbon-friendly approach.It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field post-harvest.The options were plant-heavy，locally grown，and involved little or no packaging. “We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food，” says Kathy Wicks，sustainability director for UMass Dining.The university is not alone in this effort.Increasingly，American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change.For many，small choices at the grocery store，dining hall，and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels. Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference.Climate activists often target fossil fuels and transportation systems，but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming.According to Project Drawdown，a research organization that evaluates climate solutions，the way food is grown，transported，and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.Beef is a regular target.“If，on average，Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet，it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year，” says Sujatha Bergen，director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council.Food waste ranks third among climate solutions.While much waste occurs before consumers are involved—food is left on the field or thrown away because it does not fit appearance standards—Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased：about $1,600 worth a year per family of four. “People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate，” says Megan Larmer，director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional Food and Farming in New York.But she cautions substantial change will need to come from the whole food system. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物来对气候变化做出贡献。 5．Why did the University of Massachusetts adopt the new menu? A．To promote low carbon awareness. B．To reduce the cost of food packaging. C．To popularize the plant-heavy diet. D．To market the local farming products. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about their food ”可推知，马萨诸塞大学推出新菜单的目的是让学生参与气候行动，提高学生的低碳生活意识。故选A。 6．What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A．Food choices matter much to climate change. B．Food is a decisive factor in global warming. C．Universities are working together in climate action. D．Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Increasingly，American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change.For many...and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like...”可知，食物选择影响气候变化，比起购置节能汽车等昂贵的物品，改变食物选择是人们更容易做到的，由此可推知，食物选择对气候变化意义重大。故选A。 7．What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef? A．It is popular among millions of car drivers. B．It has a great influence on carbon reduction. C．It plays a significant role in American diet. D．It accounts for a quarter of the greenhouse gas emissions. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中Sujatha Bergen所说的“If，on average，Americans cut a quarter pound of beef per week from their diet，it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year”可推知，Sujatha Bergen认为牛肉对减少碳排放量有很大的影响。故选B。 8．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Global Warming: A Disastrous Threat B．Low Carbon Diet: A Craze，or More? C．Carbon Emission: A Killer，or Healer? D．Food System Reform: A Successful Trial 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference...but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming.”和最后一段中“People are beginning to understand that their food choices make a big impact on climate”可推知，文章主要介绍了低碳饮食对气候变化有重要意义。故选B。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) The 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou opened on Saturday.Hangzhou has 1. (previous) hosted a number of international sports events，including the 2018 FINA World Swimming Championships，FINA World Aquatics Convention,2. contributes to the city’s reputation 3. an international sports center. Major international sports events have become an important source of revenue for the host cities and countries，with the revenue being generated both in the short and long term. International sports events require host countries 4. (make) huge investments in infrastructure.And the income for host cities and countries 5. (come) from TV rights，licensing，tourism and ticketing.International sports events involve 6. (nation) and international sports bodies，with the host cities and countries 7. (require) to meet their demands. For the Olympic Games，the income from TV rights and top 8. (sponsor) helps fund the organizational costs 9. pay the International Olympic Committee and the domestic Olympic body.Nowadays，Olympic host cities and countries also earn revenue from multimedia and streaming rights.Major sports events also boost tourism and generate tourism revenue. 10． (follow) the Asian Games in Hangzhou，the 2026 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games in Milano Cortina(Italy) will likely be an example of the sports spirit being spread across cities. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大型体育活动主办国和主办城市的情况。 1．答案　previously 解析　考查副词。空处应用副词修饰动词has hosted作状语。previously意为“先前地”。故填previously。 2．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的主句，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。 3．答案　as 解析　考查介词。根据空后的“an international sports center”可知，这里表示“作为一个国际体育中心的声誉”，应用介词as。故填as。 4．答案　to make 解析　考查非谓语动词。require sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事”，为固定用法，不定式作宾补。故填to make。 5．答案　comes 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意和上下文时态，这里陈述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。句子的主语是the income，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填comes。 6．答案　national 解析　考查形容词。根据空后and后面的international可知，这里应用形容词，和international并列作定语。national意为“国内的”。故填national。 7．答案　required 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，这里是“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构。the host cities and countries和require之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词。故填required。 8．答案　sponsors 解析　考查名词的复数。sponsor意为“赞助商”，为可数名词，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用名词复数，表示泛指。故填sponsors。 9．答案　and 解析　考查连词。“fund the organizational costs”和“pay the International Olympic Committee and the domestic Olympic body”之间是并列关系，所以应用并列连词and。故填and。 10．答案　Following 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the 2026 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games in Milano Cortina(Italy)和follow之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。位于句首的单词首字母应大写。故填Following。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $