Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

该高中英语课件聚焦“动词不定式作主语和表语”语法点，通过“语境感悟”模块呈现6个真实例句，引导学生先感知加颜色部分的语法成分，再结合分析提示归纳其功能，搭建从语境感知到语法规律提炼的学习支架，衔接后续语法总览与精讲环节。 其亮点在于以语言能力培养为核心，通过“语境感悟-语法精讲-达标检测”闭环设计，将抽象语法规则融入具体语言情境。如语法精讲中对比动词不定式（表具体一次性动作）与动名词（表经常性动作）作主语的差异，培养学生思维品质中的辨析能力；达标检测设置单句填空与语段写作（如健康建议语段中用不定式表达目的和目标），提升语言运用能力。学生在学习中能从感知到应用逐步深化理解，教师可借助分层练习和清晰结构提高语法教学效率。

Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage—To-infinitives as subjects and predicatives Food matters UNIT 1 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并分析其所作成分 ①It is my great honour to deliver a speech about my dream.②My dream is to become a teacher.③When I was a little kid，my mother told me it is not easy to be a good teacher.④Hearing Mother’s words，my puzzle was what to do to become a teacher.⑤Mother told me it would take a lot of energy and time to make my dream come true.⑥Since then I have kept in mind that if I want to pursue my dream，to study hard is the first thing that I should do. 语境感悟 1.句①中to deliver a speech为动词不定式作 ；it作 。 2.句②中to become a teacher为动词不定式作 语，此句的主语为_____ 。 3.句③中to be a good teacher为动词不定式作 ；it作 。 4.句④中what to do为“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”作 语。 5.句⑤中to make my dream come true为动词不定式作 ；it作 。 6.句⑥中to study hard 为动词不定式作 语。 真正的主语 形式主语 表 My dream 真正的主语 形式主语 表 真正的主语 形式主语 主 语法总览 语法精讲 一、动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语通常表示个别的、具体的、一次性的或者具有将来含义的动作，并且句子的谓语动词采用第三人称单数形式。常见的动词不定式作主语的情况主要有四类： 1.动词不定式直接作主语。 To finish the work before Friday is not so easy. 在周五之前完成这项工作没有那么容易。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 骑自行车到那里将花费我们半个小时的时间。 注意：动名词也可以作主语，但表示动作经常反复发生，而不是只针对某一次。 Smoking in public places is not good. 在公共场所吸烟不好。 2.形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语——动词不定式放在后面。 It would be better for you to cycle around the lake. 你最好绕着湖骑自行车。 It’s not easy to work out the problem. 计算出这道题不容易。 It is interesting to play with snow in winter. 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 注意：it作形式主语时，有三种情况： ①用形容词作它的表语。真正的主语(动词不定式)通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来引出，即for sb to do sth。但当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，要用of。此时的表语形容词往往有clever，foolish，kind，nice，polite，silly，stupid，wise等。如： It’s easy for him to work out this math problem. 对他来说解出这道数学题很容易。 It was careless of him to drink the vinegar in that bottle by mistake. ＝He was careless to drink the vinegar in that bottle by mistake. 他真粗心，误把那瓶醋喝了。 ②用名词作表语。如： It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship. 乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。 ③用于“It takes/took/will take sb some time/money to do sth.”句型。如： It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening. 昨天晚上我用了一个多小时的时间做作业。 3.“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语。 常见的特殊疑问词有what，who，which，when，where，how等。采用“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语，句子的谓语同样采用第三人称单数形式。 How to relieve the pain is a question. 如何缓解疼痛是一个问题。 Where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided. 还没有定下来在哪里举行会议。 4.动词不定式的被动形式作主语。 To be admitted by a key university is difficult for him. 对他来说，被一所重点大学录取是困难的。 二、动词不定式作表语 1.动词不定式直接作表语说明主语的具体内容，表示“即将进行的一次性动作或将来的状态”。 作主语的词往往是表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等的名词(短语、从句)。 To live is to do something worthwhile. 活着就是要做一些有价值的事情。 His wish is to become an astronaut. 他的愿望是成为一名宇航员。 My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. 我的主要目的是指出这件事的困难。 2.动词不定式的被动形式作表语。 What he hoped was to be admitted into the university. 他希望能被那所大学录取。 注意：①有些作表语的动词不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。 She is to blame for the accident happening last night. 她应该为昨天晚上发生的事故负责。 ②如果主语中含有实义动词do的形式，表语中的to可以省略。 What we can do now is (to) wait here patiently. 我们现在能做的就是在这里耐心等待。 3.“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作表语。 常见的特殊疑问词有what，who，which，when，where，how等。“特殊疑问词＋不定式”通常与be动词构成系表结构，作be动词的表语。 The greatest problem we are facing now is how to finish the work on time. 我们现在面临的最大问题是如何按时完成工作。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Then we will know how important is to have meaning in our life. 2.It is not a simple matter (determine) the nature of talent. 3.The purpose of new technology is to make life easier，not __________ (make) it more difficult. 4.Another way of setting realistic goals is (analyse) your short and long objectives. 5.Whether studying abroad will do harm to teenagers or good remains ____ (see). it to determine to make 达标检测 to analyse to be seen 6.My explanation seemed (make) things worse，which drove me more anxious than before. 7.It was a tradition for the school’s old team (play) against the new team at the end of spring practice. 8.Most people believe that the best way to build a great team is _________ (gather) a group of the most talented individuals. to have made to play to gather Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用动词不定式 听说你的健康状况不佳，因为你习惯吃高脂肪和少纤维的快餐，我写信给你提供一些建议。首先，你应该知道你的目标是保持健康，在你的日常生活中要吃的是高维生素和低脂肪的健康食品。 Hearing that you suffered from poor health because of your habit of having fast food with high fat and little fibre，I’m writing 1.___________ to you.To begin with，you should know that your aim is 2.______ ,3. is healthy food with high vitamins and low fat. to offer some advice to stay healthy what to eat in your daily life 更重要的是，保持健康的饮食对你来说是非常必要的。最好的方法是自己在家做饭，而不是去餐馆吃。我坚信如果你听从我的建议，你一定会更健康。 What’s more，it is very essential for you 4. .The best way is 5. rather than go to the restaurant. I do believe you are 6. if you follow my advice. to keep healthy a diet to cook at home by yourself to be healthier 本课结束 $