UNIT 1 Section Ⅳ Lesson 3 So Close，Yet So Far（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（北师大版）

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3　So Close，Yet So Far Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．How using some apps improves teenagers’ confidence. B．How the social networking apps affect teenagers. C．Why social networking apps are crucial nowadays. D．Why teenagers are affected in a positive way. 答案　B Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Mark’s routine activities online Posting 1.updates on social media constantly； Checking through 2.social networking apps； Reading 3.emails and answering 4.text messages；Downloading 5.songs and videos Influence of social networking on Mark Feeling 6.depressed，dissatisfied and 7.alone； Delaying 8.important things in his real life Reasons why Mark can’t drop social networking Afraid of missing important 9.appointments,10.invitations and news 11.updates； He needs to keep contact with 12.his teachers and classmates Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What is Mark busy doing with his phone and laptop? A．Posting updates. B．Watching TV. C．Reading his emails and answering text messages. D．Spending most time on social media. 答案　D 2．What’s the main idea of paragraph 4? A．He has no time to do his homework. B．Mark’s friends try to drag him away from his phone. C．Mark’s life is in the control of social networking in so many ways. D．Mark chases after the next song instead of truly enjoying it. 答案　C 3．What is polite when having a get-together dinner according to the author? A．Taking a call too long. B．Bending over phones. C．Having a face-to-face talk. D．Looking out of the window. 答案　C 4．What’s the meaning of “go cold turkey” in the last paragraph but one? A．Eat cold turkey. B．Stop doing something completely. C．Be addicted to social networking. D．Miss appointments or invitations. 答案　B 5．Where does the text most probably come from? A．A textbook. B．A website. C．A newspaper. D．A brochure. 答案　B Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 I have a never-ending flow of messages and 1.updates(update) from all the people I associate with online，but I feel lonely.On the surface，I have 2.an active social life.In 3.reality(real)，my mind is always a million miles away.Social networking 4.dominates(dominate) my life in so many ways.I’m so addicted to it 5.that my friends try to drag me away from my phone.But as soon as I’m alone again，I’m desperate 6.to get(get) back to the online world.Since I spend so much time 7.socialising(socialise) online，I keep delaying things in my real life.So I 8.constantly(constant) feel depressed，dissatisfied and alone.What is really 9.worrying(worry) is that we can’t go 10.without social networking.We’re hard-wired in，but we’re more disconnected than ever. 补句子　析结构 1．My phone and laptop are never out of touching distance，so I’m constantly(constant) posting updates on social media—whether I’m having a coffee，on my way to school，watching TV...even when I’m in the shower.(P14 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为并列复合句，由so连接两个并列分句。其中whether引导让步状语从句，when 引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：我的手机和笔记本电脑一直在触手可及的地方，所以我可以不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息——无论是在喝咖啡，上学的路上，看电视……甚至在洗澡的时候。 2．According to research，over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”．(P14 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为复合句。其中than引导比较状语从句。 汉语翻译：研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交朋友比在“现实生活中”交朋友更容易。 3．My friends try to drag me away from my phone，but as soon as I’m alone again，I’m desperate to get(get) back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.(P15 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为并列复合句，由but连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，as soon as引导时间状语从句，that it provides为限制性定语从句。 汉语翻译：朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是一旦我又独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动中。 4．It’s funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much，but we end up having(have) nothing to say when we meet.(P15 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为并列复合句，由but连接两个分句。第一个分句中含有it作形式主语的句式：it’s funny that...“有趣的是……”；第二个分句中when引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：有趣的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊得热火朝天，但见面时却无话可说。 5．Some spent the dinner bending over their phones，texting(text) friends online but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them.(P15 Para.6) 结构分析：此句为复合句，who引导限制性定语从句。 汉语翻译：有些人整个晚餐时间都埋头看手机，给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了坐在他们面前的人。 6．When it was charged，she just spent hours reading(read) about her favourite popstar；not once did she lift her head to enjoy(enjoy) the view outside her window.(P15 Para.6) 结构分析：本句是一个由分号连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中when引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中否定词位于句首引起部分倒装。 汉语翻译：手机充上电后，又花了数小时浏览她最喜欢的流行歌星的消息，一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 7．What is really worrying is that no one I know，including(include) myself，could go cold turkey.(P15 Para.7) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。 汉语翻译：令人真正担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网。 associate vt.与某人交往；联想；联系(association n．协会，联盟；联系 associated adj.有关联的；联合的) •associate with sb 与某人交往(＝socialise with sb) associate A with B　将A与B关联起来 •in association with...与……合作；与……有关联 (1) Social networking dominates his life to such a degree that he hardly associates with people in reality. (2)He wrote to apply to join this association(associate) but he missed the deadline. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之邀请信)在与外教合作下，位于我们图书馆一楼的英语口语俱乐部已经成立了，外教把我们流利的英语和更积极的练习联系在一起。因此，现在加入我们俱乐部吧，在这里你不仅可以提高英语口语，而且可以学会如何与其他人交往。 The Spoken English Club situated on the ground floor in our library has been set up in association with our foreign teachers，who associate our fluent English with more active practice.So join our club right now，where not only can you improve your spoken English but you can also learn how to associate with others. desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的；渴望的 (desperation n．绝望；拼命 desperately adv.拼命地；极严重地；迫切地) be desperate for sth 渴望某物 be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事 (1)My nephew chases after the stimulation from video games desperately(desperate) so that he forgets about meals and sleep. (2)The player，my niece，was desperate for the gold medal，but she failed. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之申请信)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。 ①I am desperate for the chance to be a volunteer.I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity. ②Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(用形容词短语作状语改写) 拓展　表示“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：be eager for sth/to do sth，be anxious for sth/to do sth，long for sth/to do sth，be dying for sth/to do sth。 depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的，情绪低落的 (depress vt.使灰心丧气 depression n．抑郁；萧条；沮丧 depressing adj.令人沮丧的，令人消沉的) •be depressed about因为……感到沮丧 •to one’s depression让人感到沮丧的是 (1)语段填空 Mr Zhang was depressed about the coming driving test because he was not fully prepared for it.What was more depressing was that it suddenly poured when he was having the test.He asked to be given another chance，but to his depression，the person in charge told him to wait until the next month.(depress) [写作佳句] (2)(读后续写之沮丧心理描写)令我沮丧的是，他低头走向我，眼神黯淡。 To my depression，he walked to me with his head lowered，with the light in his eyes darkened. delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期 n．耽误，延迟 •delay doing sth推迟做某事 •without delay毫不迟疑地；立即 a delay of ＋表示时间的名词　……的延误 (1)I don’t like his habit of delaying performing(perform) tasks until the deadline. (2)After a delay of two hours，the plane finally took off that afternoon. [写作佳句] (3)(记叙文之助人)无论你走到哪里，无论你什么时候遇到困难，我保证我会毫不迟疑地帮助你。 Wherever you go and whenever you are trapped in difficulties，I promise I will come to your assistance without delay. appointment n．约定，约会；预约；任命，委派(appoint vt.任命；委派 appointed adj.约定的；指定的) •appoint sb as/to be...任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 •make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约 (1)He was extremely honored to be appointed as sales manager of the company. (2)He was desperate to be appointed to work(work) in the mountainous area. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之道歉信)谢谢你的邀请，但届时我将与一位非常重要的客户会面。 Thank you for your invitation but I will have an appointment with a very important client then. 否定词＋比较级 But he’s also never felt more alone.(P14 Para.1) 但他也从未感到如此孤独。 结构分析：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 该结构为“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义，常见的否定词有no，not，never，hardly，nothing，nobody。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，建议信)首先，如果英语水平不同的学生可以聚在一起练习口语，那就再好不过了。 To begin with，it couldn’t be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together to practice oral English. (2)对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。 To us，nothing is more important than passing on kindness to those in trouble. (3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐！”妈妈激动地回答道。 “I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded excitedly. the＋序数词＋to do If you’re one of my 500 friends online，you’ll always be the first to know.(P14 Para.1) 如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。 结构分析：此句为复合句，if 引导条件状语从句。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— •此处为to do 作定语，修饰the first。 •英语中序数词/最高级或者由序数词/最高级修饰的名词之后，常常用不定式作定语。 •ability，way，chance，opportunity，attempt，decision，desire，plan，promise，dream等名词后常常用to do 作定语。 •不定式作定语常用在某些固定句式中，如Sb have/has sth to do/There be sth to do。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)安娜是一个勤奋的学生，她总是第一个到达教室的学生。 Anna is a diligent student and she is always the first student to arrive at the classroom. (2)我很荣幸有机会在这里发表演讲。 I feel greatly honored to have an opportunity to deliver a speech here. (3)有这么多的书可供选择，我一时不知道该买哪一本。 There are so many books to choose from that I don’t know which one to buy for a moment. 否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装 ...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.(P15 Para.6) ……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 结构分析：not位于句首，句子部分倒装。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 否定副词或者短语位于句首常常引起句子的部分倒装，构成“否定词＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋……”结构。常见的否定副词或短语有：not，never，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way，by no means，on no account，in no sense，under no circumstances，neither等。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)如果没有所有国家的有意义的合作，我们的海洋永远不会得到保护。 Never will our oceans be protected without the meaningful cooperation of all the countries. (2)即使我们面临许多困难，我们也决不应该停止追求我们的梦想。 In no sense/way/case should we stop pursuing our dreams even if we face many difficulties. (3)去那里之前，他根本没有想到有这么多值得一看的地方。 Little did he expect that there were so many great places to see before going there. 训练7　Lesson 3(A) [分值：40分] Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分) 1．与你一起在学生会工作时，我从未感到无聊，因为你很优秀，也很有幽默感。(never 位于句首引起部分倒装) Never have I felt bored when working with you in the Student Council，because you are excellent and also have a good sense of humour. 2．你的英语口语很好，而且你知道如何与他人交往，这让你更容易应对这种场面。(associate with) Your spoken English is very good，and you know how to associate with others，which makes it easier for you to handle the situation. 3．我相信你能胜任这一职务，且有能力做好这项高要求的工作。(to do作定语) I hold the belief that you are qualified for the position and have the ability to do the demanding work well. 4．要了解更多竞选的详细信息，你可以与负责人怀特老师预约。(make an appointment) For more detailed information about the election，you can make an appointment with Mr White，the teacher in charge. 5．事实上，没有人比你能成为更负责任、更合格的学生会主席了。(否定词＋比较级) As a matter of fact，nobody can be a more responsible and qualified president of the Student Council than you. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 Never have I felt bored when working with you in the Student Council，because you are excellent and also have a good sense of humour.Besides，your spoken English is very good，and you know how to associate with others，which makes it easier for you to handle the situation.I hold the belief that you are qualified for the position and have the ability to do the demanding work well.For more detailed information about the election，you can make an appointment with Mr White，the teacher in charge.As a matter of fact，nobody can be a more responsible and qualified president of the Student Council than you. Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分) As you grow older，you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes.Making decisions on your own is hard enough，but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another，it can be even harder.People who are at your age，like your classmates，are called peers.When they try to influence how you act，or get you to do something，it’s called peer pressure. Peers can have a positive influence on each other.Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system(太阳系)．Maybe you got others excited about your new favourite book，and now everyone’s reading it.These are examples of how peers positively influence each other. Sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways.For example，a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them; your soccer friend might try to convince(说服) you to be mean(吝啬，小气) to another player and never pass him the ball. It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure，but you can do it.Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely”．Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this.If you choose friends who don’t cut class，smoke cigarettes，or lie to their parents，then you probably won’t do these things either，even if other kids do. If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to handle，talk to someone you trust.Don’t feel guilty(内疚) if you’ve made a mistake or two. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文讲述同龄人压力带来的积极与消极影响以及处理同龄人压力的建议。 1．For whom is the passage most probably written? A．Students. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Doctors. 答案　A 解析　读者对象题。根据第一段的“As you grow older，you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes.”以及“People who are at your age，like your classmates，are called peers.”可推知，本文是写给学生的。故选A。 2．What is the main focus of the last three paragraphs? A．Explaining why friendship is so important. B．Giving advice on how to deal with peer pressure. C．Discussing how peers influence each other. D．Showing how to make more good friends. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据倒数第三段的“Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs...”和倒数第二段的“You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you...”以及最后一段的“talk to someone you trust”可知，作者在最后三段主要给出了关于如何应对同龄人压力的建议。故选B。 3．Which of the following may help handle(处理) peer pressure? A．Spending more time with classmates. B．Taking up more relaxing hobbies. C．Choosing friends with no bad habits. D．Helping others who are in trouble. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“If you choose friends who don’t cut class，smoke cigarettes，or lie to their parents...”可知，我们可以选择一些有良好习惯的人做朋友，这样就会受到他们的影响，也会有良好的习惯。故选C。 4．What is the topic of the passage? A．Friendship. B．Making decisions. C．Self-confidence. D．Peer pressure. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段的“People who are at your age，like your classmates，are called peers.When they try to influence how you act，or get you to do something，it’s called peer pressure.”并结合下文给出的关于如何处理同龄人压力的建议可知，本文的主题是“同龄人压力”。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) On February 13,2023，Wu Yibing made history,1. (beat) John Isner to become the first man from China to win 2. ATP title. Brought to a tennis court for the first time at just five,3. (initial) encouraged by his parents as an exercise to lose weight，Wu soon had his talent 4. (discover) by his provincial junior team，kicking off a journey that would change the face of men’s tennis in China.In 2017，Wu Yibing 5. (make) a figure after winning the US Open boys’ tournament at 18 to become the first Chinese 6. (win) a major junior title.In 2018，Wu won his first ATP Challenger title in Shanghai.However，the brutally(残酷地) 7. (compete) nature of men’s pro tennis hit the rising Wu with a tough reminder after multiple 8. (injure)—to his elbow，lower back，shoulder and wrist—and forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years. “Looking back，I feel like I wouldn’t have been here if not for the ups and downs over the past few years.I take all the setbacks and struggles 9. an asset(资产) that helps me mature mentally now，” said Wu.“The championship today was a payoff for all the hard work and everyone 10. has supported me along the way.” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了吴易昺打破历史纪录成为首位获得ATP冠军的中国人。 1．答案　beating 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，因与其逻辑主语Wu Yibing之间为逻辑上的主动关系，使用现在分词，故填beating。 2．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。分析句子结构，空白处后面有名词，表泛指，应用不定冠词，因空白处后面词的首字母发音为元音音素，故填an。 3．答案　initially 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词，故填initially。 4．答案　discovered 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾补，因与其逻辑主语his talent之间为逻辑上的被动关系，使用过去分词，故填discovered。 5．答案　made 解析　考查动词时态。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语In 2017可知句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时，故填made。 6．答案　to win 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，因空白处前面的名词被序数词the first修饰，故此处应使用动词不定式，故填to win。 7．答案　competitive 解析　考查形容词。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词，故填competitive。 8．答案　injuries 解析　考查名词。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作介词after的宾语，使用名词，根据空前multiple可知空白处应填名词的复数形式，故填injuries。 9．答案　as 解析　考查介词。分析句子结构，take...as为固定短语，含义为“把……视为”，符合句意，故填as。 10．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为不定代词everyone，因关系词在定语从句中作主语，指人，故填who。 训练8　Lesson 3(B) [分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·河北盐山中学期中) Studies have shown most people fail to realise how much time they spend on their smartphones each day. Frank and Amelia’s family were put to a test，using a free app called “Moment-Screen Time Tracker”．The Vascellaros—Frank，Amelia,14-year-old twins Frankie and Joe，and 17-year-old Sam—all said they did not really know they were spending so much time on their phones each day. “Honestly，I don’t feel like I’m on my phone a lot，” Amelia Vascellaro said.Amelia was on her phone far less often than Frank，according to the app.While Amelia spent about an hour per day on the phone，Frank spent closer to four hours on his phone，which came as a shock to him.The children’s times varied but they often spent more than a couple of hours on the phone as well. Minneapolis-based Dr Kirsten Lind Seal sees phone usage come up lot among families.Lind Seal said many family members’ phone use has become problematic. “If we hear more than once，‘Do you have to be on your phone right now? Can you please put your phone down? Did you hear what I said？’ it may be a sign that it is negatively(消极地) influencing our family relationships and our daily lives，” she said. Lind Seal said actually paying attention to how much time one spends on the phone is a good first step in deciding when to put it down. She asks parents to encourage more face-to-face communication for teens and young adults as they continue developing their social and emotional skills.“What we find is that we are really losing out on empathy—the ability to understand other people’s feelings and problems—when we spend a lot of time on our smartphones to communicate with other people，” she said. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了大多数人没有意识到自己每天花多少时间在智能手机上，过度使用智能手机有可能给家庭日常生活带来消极影响。 1．How did the Vascellaros feel about the test results? A．Satisfied. B．Doubtful. C．Uninterested. D．Surprised. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“all said they did not really know they were spending so much time on their phones each day”和第三段第三句中的shock可知，他们对这个结果感到惊讶。故选D。 2．Why did Lind Seal mention the three questions in paragraph 5? A．To encourage people to live a simple life. B．To ask people if they use phones too much. C．To explain the signs of problematic phone use. D．To show the importance of close relationships. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据该三个问题后的“it may be a sign that it is negatively(消极地) influencing our family relationships and our daily lives”可知，这三个问题可能是一种信号，是过度使用手机对我们的家庭关系和日常生活产生负面影响的迹象。由此可知，提及这三个问题是为了解释手机使用不当的迹象。故选C。 3．How did Lind Seal probably look at the app? A．She worried about it. B．She was in favor of it. C．She felt it was a waste of time. D．She thought it needed improvements. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，在她看来，关注一下自己花在手机上的时间是决定什么时候放下手机的第一步，由此推知，对于这款程序，她是支持的。故选B。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Too much use of smartphones. B．The influence of apps on teens. C．Children’s safety on the Internet. D．Problems among family members. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文再结合首段内容可知，文章主要围绕智能手机使用过度这一话题进行阐述。A项揭示主旨要义。故选A。 B One in five women and one in eight men are becoming more tired and less productive，according to a new Australian study on mobile phone use. Led by the Queensland University of Technology in Australia，researchers surveyed 709 mobile phone users across the country aged 18 to 83 and asked them a series of questions based on a similar study 13 years ago.Identifying a phenomenon “technoference(科技干扰)”，researchers discovered a significant increase in people blaming their devices for losing sleep，becoming less productive and even getting more aches and pains. According to the study’s lead author Dr Oscar，the issue is so bad that 24 percent of women and 15 percent of men are now considered to be “problematic mobile phone users”．“When we talk about technoference，we’re referring to the everyday intrusions(侵入)and interruptions that people experience due to mobile phones and their usage，” he said.“Our survey found technoference had increased among men and women.For example，self-reports relating to the loss of sleep and productivity showed that these negative outcomes had significantly increased during the last 13 years.This finding suggests that mobile phones are potentially increasingly affecting aspects of daytime functioning due to lack of sleep.” Compared to a 2005 study，“technoference” issues for 18-to 24-year-old experienced a surprising 40.9 percent rise，while those aged 25 to 29 also recorded a dramatic increase of 23.5 percent. Oscar said that with the number of smartphone users around the world expected to surpass 2.5 billion before the end of this year，the problem of “technoference” could get even worse.“The speed and depth of smartphone take-up makes our population particularly vulnerable to some of the negative consequences of high mobile phone use，” he said.“Rapid technological innovations have led to dramatic changes in today’s mobile phone technology，which can improve the quality of life for phone users but also result in some negative outcomes.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了越来越多的人因为使用智能手机而变得容易劳累、睡眠不足和工作效率低，这种现象被叫作“科技干扰”。 5．How are people affected by technoference according to the text? A．It makes people addicted to communicating online. B．It pushes people to work at a fast pace. C．It causes people to sleep less at night. D．It brings negative outcomes to people of all ages. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，科技干扰会让人睡眠不足。C项符合以上说法，故选C。 6．Which group are most influenced by smartphones? A．Young women. B．Young men. C．Children. D．Seniors. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和第四段可知，年轻女性最容易受到科技干扰的影响。A项符合以上说法，故选A。 7．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Widely spread. B．Easily hurt. C．Deeply devoted. D．Absolutely accustomed. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，随着全球智能手机用户数量增长，“科技干扰”问题可能更严重，再根据下文可知，快速的技术创新导致了今天的移动电话技术的巨大变化；它可以提高手机用户的生活质量，但也带来了一些负面后果。由此推断出，智能手机普及的速度和深度使人们更容易受到频繁使用手机带来的一些负面影响。即画线词的意思是“极易受伤害”。故选B。 8．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The increasing side effects of smartphones. B．Ways to solve technoference problem. C．Smartphones and people’s happiness. D．The popularity of smartphones. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了越来越多的人因为使用智能手机而变得容易劳累、睡眠不足和工作效率低，这种现象被叫作“科技干扰”。A项“智能手机越来越多的副作用”符合以上说法，故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) At age sixty-one，“Daddy” Bruce Randolph opened Daddy Bruce’s Barbecue Restaurant in the “Five Points” area，a poor section of Denver.He was a kind and 1 man，who helped numerous people—not just his customers，but the poor and the 2 . Every Thanksgiving，Bruce and his son would 3 engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless.He wanted them to have a great and free 4 on this special day.About a week before，Bruce began 5 all the food.In the early years of his project，he 6 everything out-of-pocket.But as time went by，the 7 skyrocketed as the crowds grew.That’s when Bruce’s admirers stepped in to help.They 8 tons of turkeys，potatoes and ribs.And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man.They 9 to cook and serve.It was a rare moment to 10 a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct(高架桥)． Due to the participation of various people，it seems there was an endless 11 of food to feed those homeless people.No one ever walked away 12 from Bruce’s restaurant.It was Bruce who 13 the whole thing and supervised it until a few years ago when he edged towards ninety.He had become too old to 14 anymore.He was one of the few people who lived to see a city street named in his 15 .Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 35th Avenue “Bruce Randolph Boulevard”． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了布鲁斯·伦道夫在贫民区开了一家烧烤店帮助了很多穷人和无家可归的人，并且每年感恩节为无家可归的人提供免费晚餐的故事。 1．A.curious B．honest C．generous D．active 答案　C 解析　根据下文“who helped numerous people not just his customers，but the poor and the ”可知，他帮助很多人，故推知他是一个善良而慷慨的人，故选C。 2．A.disabled B．homeless C．injured D．old 答案　B 解析　根据上文的“the poor”和下文的“cooking for the thousands of homeless”可知，此处是穷人和无家可归的人，故选B。 3．A.confidently B．gradually C．completely D．successfully 答案　C 解析　根据下文“engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless”和“About a week before，Bruce began all the food.”可知，一周前就开始准备给成千上万人做饭，应该是全身心地投入，故选C。 4．A.check B．dinner C．journey D．ride 答案　B 解析　根据上文“engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless”可知，此处是为他们提供免费大餐，故选B。 5．A.preparing B．transporting C．collecting D．handling 答案　A 解析　prepare准备；transport运输；collect收集；handle处理。根据上文“Every Thanksgiving，Bruce and his son would engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless.”可知，给成千上万的人做饭，应该需要提前准备食物，故选A。 6．A.applied for B．paid for C．hoped for D．apologized for 答案　B 解析　根据前文免费给大家做感恩节晚餐和下文“everything out-of-pocket”可知，此处是支付所有费用，故选B。 7．A.prices B．profits C．resources D．costs 答案　D 解析　price价格；profit利润；resource资源；cost费用。根据下文“as the crowds grew”可知，人越来越多，所以费用也在飙升，故选D。 8．A.ate B．donated C．produced D．sold 答案　B 解析　根据上文“That’s when Bruce’s admirers stepped in to help.”可知，赞赏布鲁斯的人们伸出了援手，所以应该是捐赠了很多食物，故选B。 9．A.promised B．demanded C．attempted D．volunteered 答案　D 解析　promise允诺；demand要求；attempt尝试；volunteer自愿做。根据上文“And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man.”可知，他们奉献自己的时间，所以应该是自愿帮忙。故选D。 10．A.forbid B．see C．stop D．cater 答案　B 解析　根据下文“a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct(高架桥)”可知，此处是看见的一个场景，故选B。 11．A.supply B．charity C．creation D．discovery 答案　A 解析　根据上文“Due to the participation of various people”可知，有各种各样的人参与，捐赠的东西越来越多，所以就好像有无尽的食物供应给那些无家可归的人，故选A。 12．A.thirsty B．hungry C．tired D．hopeless 答案　B 解析　根据上文“Due to the participation of various people，it seems there was an endless of food to feed those homeless people.”可知，越来越多的人参与这件事，也就有越来越多的食物供应，所以应该是没有人饿着肚子离开布鲁斯的餐厅，故选B。 13．A.started B．raced C．discovered D．won 答案　A 解析　根据前文可知，是布鲁斯创立并一直管理这个项目，故选A。 14．A.stay B．live C．blame D．work 答案　D 解析　根据上文“He had become too old”可知他岁数太大了，不能再工作了，故选D。 15．A.honour B．view C．life D．favour 答案　A 解析　根据下文“Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 35th Avenue ‘Bruce Randolph Boulevard’．”可知，此处是以他的名字重新命名城市街道来向他表示敬意，故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $