UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS 培优提能练(一)（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（北师大版）

训练13　培优提能练(一) [分值：80.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A It’s hard to talk to Dad sometimes.His silence about his feelings and thoughts made him mysterious and hard to see through.You could never break his hard shell and get to know him.And he seemed to want to stay that way too. But a year ago when my relationship with my wife and career took a hit，I needed my dad to pull back the curtain so that I could see him as real and accessible.I was facing serious problems and I wanted to know whether he had faced them before and how he had found his way，because I felt like I had lost mine.In desperation，it occurred to me that sending an email might be the key，so I wrote him one，telling him about my regrets and fears，and I asked him to answer if he felt like it. Two weeks later，it showed up in my inbox: a much-thought，three-page letter.Dad，a 68-year-old retired technologist and grandfather of four，had carefully considered my message，and crafted a response.He mentioned his lost love，the foolish mistake he made in career and the stupid pride he had between him and his parents.He comforted me that “life will still find its right track despite many of its twists and turns”． I closed the email and started to cry，because I wished I had opened up earlier but was grateful it wasn’t too late.I cried because at 33，in the midst of my own struggles，his letter instantly put me at ease.And I cried because in the end，it was so simple: I just had to hit “Send”． We’ve since had many email exchanges.This increasing communication opened a door into his world.My problems haven’t been magically solved，but getting to know my dad better has made the tough thing more manageable and life sweeter.It’s hard to talk to Dad sometimes，but I’m glad I found a way to talk to mine. 语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者与父亲通过邮件进行交流并打开父亲心扉的故事。 1．Which of the following best describes the author’s father? A．Quiet and caring. B．Optimistic but careless. C．Selfish and lonely. D．Simple but proud. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“His silence about his feelings and thoughts made him mysterious...”可知，父亲言语不多。结合第三段的“Dad...had carefully considered my message，and crafted a response.”可知，父亲对儿子的邮件尽心答复。由此推知，作者的父亲是一个少言寡语但体贴的人。故选A。 2．Why did the author write to his father? A．To make an apology. B．To express thanks. C．To turn to him. D．To blame him. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“I was facing serious problems...In desperation，it occurred to me that sending an email might be the key，so I wrote him one，telling him about my regrets and fears...”可知，作者的人生遇到了难题，于是给父亲写邮件，希望能得到他的帮助。故选C。 3．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs in the text? A．The author regretted not writing to Dad earlier. B．Dad’s letter of reply is simple. C．Dad helped settle the author’s problems. D．The author can talk to Dad easily. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段首句“I closed the email and started to cry，because I wished I had opened up earlier but was grateful it wasn’t too late.”可推知，作者后悔没有早点给父亲写信。故选A。 4．What may be the best title for the text? A．My Mysterious Dad B．Emails from My Dad C．A Retired Technologist D．Means of Communication 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据最后一段的“We’ve since had many email exchanges.This increasing communication opened a door into his world.”并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述作者与父亲通过邮件进行交流并打开父亲心扉的故事。B选项“来自父亲的邮件”最符合文章标题。故选B。 B (2024·广州佛山期中) Let’s get one thing straight：studying sometimes is boring，right? But it cannot be denied that it is definitely necessary and after all，working through difficult material is a necessary part of the learning process—which leads to the obvious question：if I have to do it，is there at least a way to make it fun? During Carol Dweck’s research for her book Mindset：The New Psychology of Success，she observed that students approach learning in one of two ways：they either look at complex courses with a fixed mindset(思维模式) or with a growth mindset.Those with the fixed mindset believe that intelligence(智力) and talent are set in stone.For example，if they find a certain math problem difficult，they’d think，“I guess I’m just not a math person.” In contrast，students with the growth mindset are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives.If they come across a challenging equation(等式)，they tend to think，“I can get better at this...But I have to tough it out.” Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject.Yet over the semester，something happens.Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away.Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment.If it isn’t a testimony(证明) to their intelligence，they can’t enjoy it.In contrast，students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very challenging.Challenge and interest go hand in hand. If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying，don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are.Instead，think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于固定型思维和成长型思维的研究情况。 5．Which of the following might students with the fixed mindset believe? A．They are not interested in maths. B．Their potential are not valued. C．Their attitude determines their ability. D．Failure is due to the limit of their intelligence. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由第二段中“Those with the fixed mindset believe that intelligence(智力) and talent are set in stone.For example，if they find a certain math problem difficult，they’d think，‘I guess I’m just not a math person.’”可知，具有固定型思维的学生可能相信失败是由于他们的智力有限。故选D。 6．What does the underlined phrase “tough it out” mean in paragraph 2? A．Hold on to it. B．Get away from it. C．Give upon it. D．Put up with it. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。由第二段中“In contrast，students with the growth mindset are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives.”可知，具有成长型思维的学生相信自己可以做得更好，对难题要坚持、不放弃。故选A。 7．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Students who are able to deal with difficult problems do better in their studies. B．Students who find it hard to fix problems lose their interests in their studies. C．Students’ mindsets play a huge role in how interested they are in their studies. D．Students’ interests have a big effect on how well they perform in their studies. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由第三段的“Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment.If it isn’t a testimony(证明) to their intelligence...”可知，学生的思维方式对他们的学习兴趣起着很大的作用。故选C。 8．What may the author suggest learners doing to make studying fun? A．Choosing an active and flexible mindset. B．Renewing your understanding of learning. C．Paying little attention to the task difficulty. D．Looking for a strong motivator to succeed. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段“If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying，don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are.Instead，think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow.”可知，作者可能建议学习者选择积极灵活的思维方式来让学习变得有趣。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Speaking with people who are suffering is difficult. 1 Sometimes it’s just difficult to know what to say.Words fail us.Here are some tips for talking about illness with loved ones. 2 Visit them，or if that’s not possible，just call them.Don’t worry if you weren’t there in their exact hour of need.It’s important to let them know you’ve been thinking of them and that you regret the delay. Ask specific open questions.Your friend will no doubt have a routine response to “How are you feeling？” So steer away from routine politeness by asking specific open questions，such as “So much has happened since we last spoke，and please tell me what’s been going on with you.” 3 Don’t argue with them.You may indeed believe that drinking herb tea is a cure-all，or a friend of your friend might well have benefited from a dietary change. 4 Your friend is likely exhausted and sensitive，so there is no need to contradict their lived experience.Let them lead the conversation about their health，which is a small concession that you should make. Know how to assist them.If you’ve given them enough room to talk，you should have a wealth of information about how to help them. 5 Do they like being in the garden? Maybe you’ve been cutting your own lawn and could bring the mower round before you put it away. A．Reach out to your unwell loved one. B．Approach the situation in a gentle manner. C．But remember where you are and why you are there. D．People in pain can often be bad-tempered，distant or greatly in need. E．Your sick friend or relative is literally an expert in what it’s like to live with sickness. F．Specific information such as diagnoses and symptoms is what they are willing to share. G．Make suggestions to your friends based on your close listening and knowledge of their history. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了一些关于如何与所爱的亲人朋友谈论疾病的建议。 1．答案　D 解析　上文提到与正在受苦的人交谈是个难题；D选项承接上文，阐述了与正遭受痛苦的人交谈很难的原因，选项中的“People in pain”与上文“people who are suffering”表达的内容一致。故选D。 2．答案　A 解析　由文章结构分析可知，设空处为此段的主旨句，结合第三、四、五段的段首句可知，设空处应为祈使句；下文建议主动伸出援手，联系你身体不适的亲人或朋友，让他们知道你在惦记着他们。A选项符合本段主旨。故选A。 3．答案　F 解析　由主旨句“Ask specific open questions.”以及空前一句可知，本段建议问一些具体的开放性的问题；F选项举例说明哪些具体信息是身体不适的人愿意交流的，选项中的“Specific information”与上文以及主旨句中的“specific open questions”相对应。故选F。 4．答案　C 解析　由主旨句“Don’t argue with them.”可知，此段建议不要和身体不适的人争论；上文说明你可能会有自己的观点；C选项承接上文，说明即使你有自己的观点，但是要记住你是在和病人交谈，不要反驳他们；下文阐述了不要与生病的人争论的原因。故选C。 5．答案　G 解析　空前说明在交谈中要知道如何去帮助对方；G选项阐述了如何帮助；下文给出了具体实例。故选G。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) This morning after an evening fight with my three-year-old daughter，I couldn’t wait to get her to school.I was tired from the anger and her 1 to communicate because of her slow language development. As I led her into the car，I felt 2 .Nothing was right with our world.She was born when my family had been going through a lot of 3 .Then my child’s language problem was 4 ，but doctors struggled to help her.I felt like we both needed to be 5 . I returned that afternoon as 6 with the little girl I loved as when I left.Walking toward the school’s playground gate，I spotted her preschool teacher racing to 7 me. “You should have seen her today！” 8 ，his breathy words were supported by 9 .“See that climber.” He 10 a wooden piece of playground equipment that looked like a rock wall.I nodded.“Well，every day since she started school，she’s tried but 11 to reach the top.” He took a breath.“But today she 12 it！” He expressed his joy like he’d seen her conquering(征服) Mount Qomolangma! “She cheered and celebrated! I wish I’d recorded it！” His words gave me some 13 .My daughter had conquered her mountain.As she ran toward me，I 14 something I hadn’t before.I saw her determination.I saw her strength.I saw a 15 . 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因孩子语言发展缓慢而失望，但是孩子在学校坚持不懈完成自己的目标，作者在孩子身上看到了不一样的品质。 1．A.attempt B．need C．inability D．desire 答案　C 解析　根据下文“because of her slow language development”可知，作者的女儿语言发展缓慢，因此作者对于她交流上的无能感到厌倦。故选C。 2．A.nervous B．peaceful C．hopeless D．curious 答案　C 解析　根据下文“Nothing was right with our world.”可知，作者对于自己的生活不满意，因此感到很绝望。故选C。 3．A.sufferings B．emotions C．efforts D．celebrations 答案　A 解析　根据上文“Nothing was right with our world.”可推断作者的女儿出生的时候，家里也在经历不好的事情。故选A。 4．A.prevented B．replaced C．solved D．identified 答案　D 解析　prevent阻止；replace替代；solve解决；identify鉴定。根据下文“doctors struggled to help her”可知，作者孩子的语言问题是被医生鉴定出来的。故选D。 5．A.protected B．rescued C．balanced D．respected 答案　B 解析　protect保护；rescue拯救；balance平衡；respect尊敬。根据上文“but doctors struggled to help her”以及“we both needed”可知，作者认为自己和孩子都需要被拯救。故选B。 6．A.disappointed B．honest C．strict D．pleased 答案　A 解析　根据前文“after an evening fight with my three-year-old daughter”以及“I was tired from the anger and her...language development”可知，此处指作者送女儿上学时感到疲倦、失望，去接孩子时心情也没有改变，和之前一样失望。故选A。 7．A.greet B．hear C．praise D．escape 答案　A 解析　根据上下文“Walking toward the school’s playground gate”以及“You should have seen her today！”可知，因为孩子在学校表现出色，老师看见作者时很兴奋，而且作者是走向操场门口，老师应该是出来迎接作者。故选A。 8．A.Originally B．Obviously C．Fortunately D．Eventually 答案　B 解析　originally起初；obviously显然；fortunately幸运地；eventually最终。根据上下文“racing to”以及“his breathy words”可知，老师的兴奋是显而易见的。故选B。 9．A.complaint B．confidence C．excitement D．bravery 答案　C 解析　根据下文“He expressed his joy”可知，老师很开心很兴奋。故选C。 10．A.took up B．pointed to C．cut down D．worked out 答案　B 解析　take up拿起，接受；point to指向；cut down砍倒；work out解决。根据上下文“See that climber.”以及“a wooden piece of playground equipment”可知，老师是指着一个操场上的设施让作者看。故选B。 11．A.determined B．rejected C．intended D．failed 答案　D 解析　根据下文“She cheered and celebrated！”可知，今天她做到了，说明之前都没有成功。故选D。 12．A.missed B．ignored C．tried D．made 答案　D 解析　根据下文“She cheered and celebrated！”可知，她今天做到了，所以在欢呼庆祝。make it表示“成功了，做到了”。故选D。 13．A.comfort B．luck C．imagination D．description 答案　A 解析　根据上下文“I was tired from the anger and her to communicate because of her slow language development.”以及“She cheered and celebrated! I wish I’d recorded it！”可知，作者送女儿上学时对她是很失望的，但是老师对于孩子的成功称赞不已，这对于家长来说是一种安慰。故选A。 14．A.displayed B．recognized C．taught D．provided 答案　B 解析　根据下文的三个“I saw”可知，作者发现了孩子身上的决心和毅力，这是作者以前没有能意识到的。故选B。 15．A.player B．mother C．hero D．teacher 答案　C 解析　根据上文“My daughter had conquered her mountain.”以及“I saw her determination.I saw her strength.”可知，作者的女儿克服了自己的困难，完成自己的目标，表现出了决心和力量，此时她在作者眼中就是一个英雄。故选C。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Yuan Longping,1. Chinese scientist who developed many high-yield rice 2._________(variety) that helped feed people around the world，passed away on May 22,2021 at a hospital in the southern city of Changsha.That afternoon，large crowds honored the scientist by marching past the hospital，calling out “Grandpa Yuan，have a good journey！” Yuan spent his life researching rice and was a household name in China，known by the nickname “Father of Hybrid Rice”. It was in the 1970s that Yuan achieved the breakthroughs,3.__________made him a household name.He developed a hybrid strain of rice that recorded an annual yield 20% 4. (high) than other species—meaning it could feed an extra 70 million people 5. (annual)． Worldwide,20 percent of all rice now comes from species 6. (create) by hybrid rice following Yuan’s breakthrough discoveries.His work helped transform China from “food deficiency” 7. “food security” within three decades，according to the World Food Prize，which was started in 1986 8. (recognize) scientists and others who have improved the quality and 9. (available) of food. Yuan 10. (award) “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019 for his outstanding contribution to China’s food security，agricultural scientific development and world food supply. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平对中国和世界粮食安全的贡献以及他在中国和世界的地位。 1．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处泛指“一位中国科学家”，用不定冠词，且空后Chinese的发音是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．答案　varieties 解析　考查名词的数。设空处位于many后面，所以要用复数形式。故填varieties。 3．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子成分和结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which，故填which。 4．答案　higher 解析　考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，设空处要用比较级。故填higher。 5．答案　annually 解析　考查副词。修饰整个句子用副词作状语，故填annually。 6．答案　created 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，设空处用非谓语动词修饰名词species，create与逻辑主语species之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。 7．答案　into 解析　考查介词。transform sb/sth from...into...“把……从……转变为……”是固定短语，故填into。 8．答案　to recognize 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处作目的状语，要用动词不定式。故填to recognize。 9．答案　availability 解析　考查名词。空处与名词quality并列作have improved的宾语，故填availability。 10．答案　was awarded 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，设空处充当谓语；根据时间状语in 2019可知，句子描述的是过去的事件，所以要用一般过去时；句子主语Yuan与谓语动词award之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数。故填was awarded。 Ⅴ.读后续写微练(共6小题；每小题3分，满分18分) My middle child，Jake，was smart and good-looking，but he always saw the cup of life as half empty.Every day when he came home from school，Jake would list everything bad that happened that day! On his ninth birthday，we saved enough money to take the family to Disneyland for two days.His dad and I didn’t make much then，so it cost a considerable amount，but we felt Jake’s birthday was worth it.After doing Disneyland to death(玩够了)，we returned to our hotel room，all exhausted.And I asked the birthday boy，“Did you have fun today，Jake？” All my fault-finding son could say to me was “Pirates(海盗) of the Caribbean was closed！” “Jake Marshall，” I was clearly unable to contain my anger，“we stood in line for an hour and a half to see The Haunted Mansion.We rode Space Mountain three times.We spent two days playing in the park，and all you can say is，‘Pirates of the Caribbean was closed？’” Clearly，something had to be done about his negative attitude and I was going to be the one to do it! I was determined to help him.I read every article and bought every book.With the help of great resources，I found my son had the tendency to see the worst in every situation.My research told me that people with negativity have an emotional need for order and sensitivity.That meant I needed to listen to my son’s daily pessimistic reports.My usual reaction was to try to talk Jake out of his negativity，but that wouldn’t satisfy his need for sensitivity，so I had to let him finish his complaints and ask what good things happened.Then I needed to wait until he could tell me.This would help Jake realize that good things really were happening to him. 范文补全 One day Jake came home from school and complained as usual.1.He listed the terrible things at school(他列举了在学校的糟糕的事)．I listened carefully，looking at him and nodding now and then.After his complaint，I asked what good things happened to him.“Nothing.” 2.His response was what I could expect(他的反应是我能预料到的)．“Something good must have happened.Think it over，my boy，” I encouraged him with a gentle smile.After about fifteen minutes’ effort，he admitted being praised by his head teacher for helping clean the front desk.3.Through this practice，he realized something good really happened to him(通过这个练习，他意识到好的事情真的发生在了他身上)． From then on，Jake came to understand the power of seeing good points.He would not just consider everything awful,4.but was willing to discover something excellent(但是愿意发现极好的事情)．And to my great joy，he kept patient and peaceful during his sharing.5.He even danced in excitement at wonderful things(他遇到好的事情甚至会兴奋地跳起来)．I witnessed his attitude changing from negativity to positivity.The path to getting there seemed to be a struggle，but he was making headway.6.My hard work paid off(我的刻苦努力获得了成功) and I believed Jake would get used to seeing the cup of life as half full. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $