Unit 5 默写练习三 单元基础知识回顾（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（人教版）

Ⅰ.重点单词(共30小题；每题1.5分，满分45分) 1．tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 2．boost vt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励 3．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到 4．overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜 5．output n．产量；输出；输出量vt.输出 6．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算 7．generate vt.产生；引起 8．leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲 9．envision vt.展望；想象 10．vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像 11．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实 12．urban adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的 13．alleviate vt.减轻；缓解 14．poverty n．贫穷；贫困 15．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 16．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 17．grocery n．食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货 18．instance n．例子；实例；事例 19．root n．根；根茎；根部；根源 20．aspect n．方面；层面 21．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的→devotion n．献身；忠诚；热爱 22．shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺→short adj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；简洁的 23．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 24．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→assume v．假定；设想；担任；承担→assuming conj.假定；假设 25．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n．扩大；扩张；扩充 26．consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户 27．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐 28．extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的→extend vt.伸开；展开；延伸 29．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的n.化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学→chemically adv.化学上地→chemist n．化学家；药剂师 30．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地；强烈地→deepen vt.& vi.加深；(使)变深 Ⅱ.核心短语(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分) 1．devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心 2．be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 3．be like像 4．choose to do sth选择做某事 5．a matter of 关乎……的事情 6．depend on依靠；取决于 7．succeed in doing sth成功地做某事 8．dream up凭空想出(不同寻常的计划、主意) 9．in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流 10．for instance例如；比如 11．because of因为；由于 12．cause damage to对……造成损害 13．be rich in富含 14．focus on关注；集中于…… 15．prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事 Ⅲ.经典句式(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分) 1．几次尝试后，约翰和伯纳德最后成功了，爆米花在锅里欢快地唱歌。(拟人修辞手法；独立主格) After several attempts，John and Bernard ultimately made it，the popcorn singing happily in the pan. 2．鉴于我从来没有做过这样的事情，我有点不知所措，并焦虑不已。(given that) Given that I had never done this before，I was at a loss and I was overcome with anxiety. 3．就在那时，司机离开他的座位，为那位女士付了车票钱，使得售票员僵在原地。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Just at that time，the driver left his seat and paid for the ticket for the woman，leaving the conductor frozen on the spot. 4．当约翰得知伯纳德缺钱养家时，他立即想到做爆米花来帮助伯纳德。(同位语从句) When John learnt the fact that Bernard lacked money to support his family，he immediately thought of making popcorn to do Bernard a favor. 5．听说他在比赛中得了第一名，我激动得一句话也说不出来了。(too...to...) Learning that he won first prize in the competition, I was too excited to speak a word. Ⅳ.语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇)(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) When Wang Hua was at college，he worked hard 1.to attain(attain) much characteristic knowledge about organic farming as well as chemical farming.Deep down，he entirely prefers the former because it doesn’t use 2.harmful(harm) pesticides.It can also alleviate the damage chemical farming causes 3.to the soil.The plants are also full of essential minerals and nutrition.After his graduation，he decided to help those villagers who were facing food and fresh water 4.shortage(short)．His father supported him,5.hoping(hope) that his son could work in a place near their house.6.Having overcome(overcome) many difficulties，Wang Hua came to this village.Wang Hua devoted most of his time to 7.ridding(rid) the villagers of poverty.8.What he did convinced the villagers that only if they didn’t yield to hardships would they lead a rich life soon.He often went to the field to do some research on crops and then tried to help the villagers expand their output greatly.Later，he founded a team 9.which/that was comprised of three people to offer villagers some knowledge about how to boost food production.The team helped the villagers tackle some crises and it also 10.got(get) widespread support from the villagers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $