Unit 1 Section Ⅴ (2) Reading for Writing（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦人物描写的阅读与写作，围绕爱因斯坦事迹展开，通过细节把握题（如成就领域、推断题）、文章架构分析、语言特征提取（人物描写句子、修辞）逐步深入，搭建从理解到应用的学习支架，长句难句分析（复合句、独立主格等）为写作技法中的句式运用奠定基础。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过提取爱因斯坦外貌、成就等描写句及分析类比、委婉语等修辞提升语言理解表达能力，长句结构拆解（如“find+宾语+宾补”）培养分析思维，写作分步演练（郎平实例的词汇、句式升级）助力学习策略形成，既帮助学生掌握人物介绍写作，也为教师提供系统教学步骤与实例参考。

Section Ⅴ People of achievement Unit 1 Using Language (2)—Reading for Writing Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　写作技法指导 整体理解 课文 3 Activity 1　Read for details [细节把握] Read the text and answer the following questions. 1.In which aspect did Albert Einstein make great achievements? A.Music. B.Medicine. C.Physics. D.Chemistry. √ 2.What can we infer from the passage? A.Einstein was a genius as well as an indifferent figure. B.Einstein did well in the entrance exam for the first time. C.Einstein used to work as a clerk in the USA. D.Einstein didn’t care about his appearance or being famous. √ 3.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A.To introduce Einstein’s contributions to the world. B.To introduce Einstein’s winding life in Germany. C.To show that Einstein is a genius in physics and maths. D.To let the world know all about Einstein by his life and achievements. √ 4.How does the writer develop the text? A.By time order. B.By space order. C.By analyzing cause and result. D.By using specific figures. √ Activity 2　Read for structures [文章架构] Which of the following shows the structure of the text? √ Activity 3　Read for language features [增分靓句] 1.Read the text and find out the sentences with which the author describes a person.(读文章并找出人物描写的句子) (1)____________________________________________________________ ____________________(Para.1，人物评价) (2) (Para.2，人物出生介绍) Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. (3)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________(Para.2，接受教育介绍) (4)______________________________________________________________________________________________(Para.3，取得成就介绍) After studying for another year，he managed to pass the exam，entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. In 1922，he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. (5)_______________________________________________________________________(Para.5，外貌描写1) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(Para.5，外貌描写2) (6)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(Para.6，去世介绍) To the public，he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away，and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 2.Say what rhetorical devices are used in the following sentences.(说出下列句子用了什么修辞手法) (1)Following this，he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. (2)Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. (3)He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (4)On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away. ____ ____ _________ ______ 类比 暗喻 拟人 明喻 委婉语 返 回 难句分析 长句 13 1.Albert Einstein，who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often considered one of the smartest (man) who ever lived.(P8 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是 句，who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics是who引导的 从句， 修饰先行词Albert Einstein；who ever lived是who引导的 从句，修饰先行词the smartest men。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 men 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦——这位也许是现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家——被公认是有史以来智商最高的人之一。 复合 非限制性定语 限制性定语 2.When he was 16，he tried (enter) university in Switzerland，but failed due his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam，despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.(P8 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，When he was 16是 从句，but连接两个谓语动词 和 ，表转折，obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics是动词-ing形式作介词despite的 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 16岁时，他报考瑞士的大学，尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩，但由于入学考试的通识部分分数较低，他未能如愿。 to enter to 复合 时间状语 tried failed 宾语 3.After studying for another year，he managed (pass) the exam，entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.(P8 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，studying for another year作介词After的 ，entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900是动词-ing形式作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 经过又一年的学习，他终于通过了考试，于1896年进入大学，1900年毕业。 to pass 简单 宾语 状语 4.That same year，which was later recorded as a miracle year in science，he published four extraordinary physics (paper).(P8 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句，which引导的是 从句，修饰先行词That same year。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 同年，他发表了四篇非同寻常的物理学论文，这一年后来被称为科学史上的奇迹之年。 papers 复合 非限制性定语 5.Following this，he (gradual) became famous throughout the world the new Isaac Newton.(P8 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句，Following this是动词-ing形式作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 6.Circumstances changed in 1933，when Hitler came to power in Germany.(P8 Para.4) 结构分析：此句是 句，when引导的是 从句，修饰先行词1933。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 此后，他渐渐闻名于世，被誉为第二个艾萨克·牛顿。 gradually as 简单 状语 复合 非限制性定语 1933年，希特勒在德国上台，形势发生了变化。 7.He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received electric shock.(P8 Para.5) 结构分析：此句是 句，which引导 从句，as though he had just received an electric shock是 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 an 复合 非限制性定语 方式状语 8.There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked ____ his door and asked for help with her homework.(P8 Para.5) 结构分析：此句是 句，how he helped a little girl...是how引导的____从句，who knocked his door and asked for help是关系代词who引导的 从句，修饰先行词a little girl。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 甚至还有一件轶事，说的是他如何为一名上门求助的小女孩讲解家庭作业。 on/at 复合 宾语 定语 9.In fact，Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him (help) explain things.(P8 Para.5) 结构分析：此句是 句，who引导 从句，修饰先行词people。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 事实上，爱因斯坦经常遇到有人当街拦住他，请他解释各种事物。 to help 复合 定语 10.On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away，and the whole world mourned the great (lose) of a brilliant scientist.(P9 Para.6) 结构分析：此句是and连接的 句，第一个分句中的it是 ，that Einstein had passed away是真正的主语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 1955年4月18日，噩耗传来，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为一位杰出科学家的逝世而哀悼。 loss 并列复合 形式主语 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 1　 独立主格结构 He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.(P8 Para.1) 他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。 结构分析：此句是一个简单句，是主谓宾结构，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2是独立主格结构，在句中作状语。 独立主格结构，其逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。常见的独立主格结构有： • 名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式 • 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语 • 名词/代词＋名词 (1)女孩笑得很甜，眼里闪着兴奋的光芒。 The girl was smiling sweetly， . (2)(应用文写作之口头通知)我们七点半在校门口集合，水果采摘活动将于8点整开始。 We shall get together at 7：30 at the school gate，____________________ . (3)每天下午，一个背着一大担柴火的老妇人都会从那间破旧的房屋前蹒跚地走过。 Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house，________ . her eyes sparkling with excitement the fruit-picking activity to start at 8 sharp a vast load of firewood on her back (4)她紧紧地闭上眼睛，双手抱着头。 She closed her eyes tightly， . (5)(读后续写之动作链描写)下课了，兴奋的学生们站起来，抓起书包，像箭一样冲出教室。 ，the excited students rose to their feet，grabbed their schoolbags and rushed out of the classroom like an arrow. her head buried in her hands Class over 2　 状语从句的省略 While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.(P8 Para.3) 工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 结构分析：此句是复合句，While working there是状语从句的省略结构，完整句为：While he was working there；earning a doctorate in physics in 1905是动词-ing形式作状语。 状语从句的省略条件： • 当when，while，before，if，unless，as if等词引导的状语从句中的主 语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it且谓语中含be动词时，可 同时省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。 • 省略句中非谓语的选用要根据动词和主语的关系：主动关系用现在分 词；被动关系用过去分词；尚未发生用不定式。 (1)(读后续写片段)当想到狼的血盆大口，马克因害怕几乎昏厥。尽管吓得要死，马克挣扎着爬起来，拼尽全力把自行车扔向狼。 When ，Mac nearly fainted with fright.Though ，Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the wolf with all his strength. (2)当有必要时，你可以向慷慨的教授寻求指导。 ，you can turn to the generous professor for guidance. thinking of the wolf’s bloody mouth frightened/scared to death When necessary (3)他张开嘴好像要说些什么，但是他摇了摇头，什么也没说就离开了。 He opened his mouth as if ，but he shook his head and left without a word. (4)(应用文写作之求助信)如果可能的话，你能提供一些关于如何找到一个在线应用程序的建议吗？ ，could you provide some advice on how to find an online app? to say something If possible 3 “find＋宾语＋宾补”结构 Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.(P8 Para.4)身为一个犹太人，爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。 结构分析：此句是复合句，主句中含有“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“发现……处于……状态”，who was Jewish是定语从句，修饰先行词Einstein。 过去分词(表示被动或动作已经完成) 现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) 形容词/副词 介词短语 不定式) “find＋宾语＋宾补”结构的具体用法如下： • find＋宾语(名词/代词)＋宾补 • find＋it＋宾补＋不定式 (1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)环顾四周，简发现她自己在陌生的树林里迷路了，她发现她的腿止不住地颤抖，她吓得直冒冷汗。同时她发现很难走出树林，最终，她控制不住自己，大声哭了起来。 Looking around，Jane found herself .She found her legs and she was breaking out in a cold sweat.Meanwhile，she found _________________________________ and finally，she couldn’t contain herself and burst out crying. lost in the unfamiliar forest trembling uncontrollably it difficult/hard to walk out of the forest (2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)爸爸发现厨房混乱不堪，发现双胞胎既失望又沮丧。知道他们想做什么之后，他主动提出帮助他们做美味的早餐。 The father found the kitchen and the twins ___________ .After knowing what they wanted to do，he offered to help them cook a delicious breakfast. in a mess/messy disappointed and upset (3)(2023·北京，书面表达)我的确希望你会觉得以上建议在构建“绿色北京”方面有用。 I do hope that you can find in building a Green Beijing. (4)我们上气不接下气地赶往她家，但发现她不在家。 We hurried to her house，out of breath，but we found . 返 回 the above suggestions useful/of use her out 技法指导 写作 36 本单元的写作任务是描述一个人物，即通过文字对人物的外貌、个性以及主要事迹和贡献进行描述和说明。 篇章结构 常用表达 1.Born in...，...attended schools in... 出生于……，……在……上学。 2.He had...hair and...eyes. 他有……头发，……眼睛。 3.She is...with...eyes and...hair. 她……，有……眼睛和……头发。 4.He/She is an outstanding man/woman with the name of... 他/她是名字叫……的杰出男性/女性。 5.He/She studied at...and graduated from... 他/她在……学习，毕业于…… 6.Such a learned/strong-willed person is he/she that we all admire/respect him/her. 他/她是如此博学/意志坚定的人，我们都钦佩/尊敬他/她。 7.He/She devoted all his/her life to the work. 他/她终生致力于工作。 8.He/She made great contributions to our country. 他/她为我们的国家做出了巨大贡献。 9.He/She was highly thought of by many people. 许多人对他/她做出了高度评价。 10.During her career life，she... 在她的职业生涯中，她…… 11.His story tells us that we should value what we have，and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life. 他的故事告诉我们，我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的，尽力克服生活中的任何困难。 12....will live in the hearts of us forever. ……永远活在我们心中。 分步演练 你校准备在新建的“名人长廊”中为每一位名人画像配上英语介绍，以便让同学们有更多的机会学习英语。请你根据以下信息写一篇短文介绍郎平。 1.郎平，1960年12月10日出生于天津市。1973年，13岁的郎平开始练习打排球； 2.1978年，因在全国排球比赛中表现突出，进入国家队； 3.从1980年起，郎平获得了很多荣誉及奖励； 4.退役后，郎平成为排球教练。2016年，郎平带领中国女排，时隔12年，在里约奥运会(the Rio Olympic Games)上获得金牌； 5.郎平是中国第一位作为球员和教练员均夺取奥运会冠军的排球运动员。 第一步　审题谋篇 第二步　遣词造句 [核心词汇]　(含本单元词汇) 1.在……岁时 2.承认某人为 3.致力于 4.中国女排 5.非凡的；显著的 6.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 _____________ ______________________ ________________ ________________________________ ___________ _____________ at the age of... acknowledge sb as/to be extraordinary the Chinese Women Volleyball Team remarkable be committed to... 7.坚持 8.由于；因为 9.因此；所以 10.众多的；许多的 11.担任；任职 12.强大的 13.击败；战胜 14.以……为目标 15.显而易见；显然 ________ __________________ ____________ __________ ________________ ___________ ______ __________________ __________ insist on as a consequence of consequently numerous take up a position powerful defeat with the objective of apparently [连词成句]　(含本单元句型) 1.郎平出生于1960年12月10日，是公认的非凡的排球教练。(并列句) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.她在十三岁时就坚持练习打排球，由于她非凡的表现，几年后就进入了国家队。(at the age of; as a consequence of) and joined the national team several years later __________________________________ . Lang Ping was born on Dec.10th,1960 and she is generally acknowledged to be a remarkable volleyball coach. She insisted on practising playing volleyball at the age of 13 as a consequence of her extraordinary performance 3.她全身心投入排球中，因此，她获得了很多奖项。(obtain，committed) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.郎平从排球队退役后，担任排球教练。 After Lang Ping had retired from the volleyball team，_______________ . 5.她的强大的球队打败了许多其他的球队。 Her powerful team . She was committed to volleyball and consequently，she obtained numerous awards. she took up a position as a volleyball coach defeated many other teams 6.2016年，她带领中国女排以获得金牌为目标参加了里约奥运会，并且她们成功了。 In 2016，she led the Chinese Women Volleyball Team to take part in the Rio Olympic Games _____________________________________________ . 7.显而易见，郎平是中国第一位作为球员和教练员均夺取奥运会冠军的排球运动员。 Apparently， to win the Olympic championship as a player and coach in China. with the objective of winning the gold medal and they made it Lang Ping is the first volleyball player 第三步　句式升级 1.将句1改成非限制性定语从句 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.将句3改成动词-ing形式作状语 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.用after doing改写句4 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lang Ping，who was born on Dec.10th,1960，is generally acknowledged to be a remarkable volleyball coach. She was committed to volleyball，consequently，obtaining numerous awards. After retiring from the volleyball team，Lang Ping took up a position as a volleyball coach. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 Lang Ping，who was born on Dec.10th,1960，is generally acknowledged to be a remarkable volleyball coach. She insisted on practising playing volleyball at the age of 13 and joined the national team several years later as a consequence of her extraordinary performance.She was committed to volleyball，consequently，obtaining numerous awards.After retiring from the volleyball team，she took up a position as a volleyball coach.Her powerful team defeated many other teams. In 2016，she led the Chinese Women Volleyball Team to take part in the Rio Olympic Games with the objective of winning the gold medal and they made it. Apparently，Lang Ping is the first volleyball player to win the Olympic championship as a player and coach in China. 返 回 本课结束 $