精品解析：北京市延庆区对青海玉树地区教育对口支援项目内高班2022-2023学年高三5月第二次模拟考试英语试题

2023年延庆区“内高班”高考第二次模拟练习（全国乙卷） 英 语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does the woman want to have dinner? A．At the man’s house. B．At the Red Rose Restaurant. C．At the Blue Moon Restaurant. 2.What does the woman mean? A．She doesn’t want to leave. B．She will take all the files away. C．She has enough time to deal with her work. 3.What will the man probably drink? A．Real coffee. B．Wine. C．Hot chocolate. 4.Why did the woman come here? A．To get her car repaired B．To attend an interview. C．To pick up Mr. Beringer. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．WeChat B．Online shopping. C．The man's grandma. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Go shopping. C. Do sports. 7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Hostess and guest. C. Husband and wife. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.Why does the woman think July is the best time to move? A. Their business is slow. B. The weather is favorable. C. It's easy to hire people. 9.How will they handle the moving? A. Finish it all at once. B. Have the sales section go first. C. Do one department at a time. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What did Peter learn from his grandfather? A. How to appreciate art works. B. How to deal with artists. C. How to run a museum. 11.What did Peter do in Chicago? A. He studied at a college. B. He served in the army. C. He worked in a gallery. 12.Whose works did Peter like best? A. Rembrandt's. B. Botticelli's. C. Rubens'. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Where does the conversation take place? A. At a library. B. In a law firm. C. On a train. 14.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper? A. March. B. August. C. October. 15.Why did John quit his part-time job? A. He had to catch up with his study. B. He was offered a better one. C. He got tired of it. 16.What is Susan's attitude to John's problem? A. Carefree. B. Understanding. C. Forgiving. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.What did the speaker do before the year 2012? A. A fitness coach. B. A chess player. C. A marathon runner. 18.Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker? A. He was motivated by Bolt. B. He broke a world record. C. He won fifth place. 19.Which is the hardest for the speaker? A. Getting over an injury. B. Doing strength training. C. Representing Botswana. 20.What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. His plan to go for the gold. B. His experience on the track. C. His love for his home country. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A When teaching, always assume the worst! No, that’s not some world-weary call to pessimism, but actually a positive strategy for supporting students in the classroom. Consider the problems that can arise when you don’t do this, and instead take as your starting assumption that things are probably, basically okay: Teacher: Did you get on all right with the homework questions? Student: Er, yes… Teacher: Are there any you want to go through? Student: Er, no—it’s fine… What’s going on here? The student clearly feels that “yes” is the expected answer to the first question, but having said that, they’re then more or less forced into answering “no” to the second. Any problems they might have experienced are buried, and consequently go unresolved. A much better approach is to assume the worst to the point of setting up failure as the starting point. Then, if necessary, the student can be in the happy position of bringing you good news, which gives the impression of placing them in a more powerful position. Let’s imagine that same exchange again: Teacher: Those homework questions were hard. Did you manage any of them? Student: Yes, I did the first one, but I couldn’t do any of the others. Teacher: Okay—do you want to go through the others? Student: Yes, please. This time, we’ve made it easy for the student to admit their difficulties. There’s no pretense (借口) around everything being fine when it isn’t, and no shame in the student admitting to having problems, as that’s clearly the teacher’s starting assumption. It takes no longer to frame things this way round, but makes it so much easier for the student to be honest. Paradoxically, it’s also much more positive in that the student is constantly exceeding the teacher’s expectations— “You managed question one? Well done! Now, let’s look at the others…” Every counsellor knows that if they ask a client “Did you have a good week?”, they’re more likely to get a positive response, because it’s a leading question that doesn’t communicate a strong interest in hearing the truth. Instead, a more neutral question like “How was your week?” is much more likely to elicit an honest response. The same applies in the classroom. We want to avoid fakery and being told what we want to hear. Instead, we have to probe for the problems, the difficulties, the things that make no sense to the student, and make it easy for them to tell us those things. 1. Which question is preferred according to the author? A. Did you manage any of the hard questions in the homework? B Did you get on all right with the homework questions? C. Do you have any questions you want to go through? D. Do you think the homework questions are hard? 2. According to the passage, good questions ______. A. promote communications B. should be based on honesty C. reveal different assumptions D. ought to make others happy 3. This article is mainly intended for ______. A. parents B. teachers C. students D. researchers B She spent over two decades working her way up in the science industry, either as a chemist in a lab or in a management role. Now Berkeley Middle School teacher Mrs. Amy Adams is employing her science skills in a different environment. She decided to mix things up a bit and came up with a winning formula to help make a difference in the classroom. Mrs. Amy Adams is our Cool School teacher of the week. She took a couple of years off after having children. While volunteering at her kids’ school, she was fascinated by education. Adams says, “This is where I am supposed to be. I loved my job and the people I worked with, but I just kept feeling unsettled, so finally, I channeled my energy into something meaningful.” Adams says she stepped out on faith, and the rest is history, well actually it’s science. She’s now in year six of teaching seventh-grade science at BMS. “This is my alma mater. I walked the halls of Berkeley Middle. So it is with all four of my children. My youngest is walking the halls now. It just feels like home,” Adams said. Adams describes her teaching style as interactive. She says, “I want them to have a voice and learn critical thinking, so we feature colorful activities. Whether it’s note-taking, worksheets, doing DNA extractions on a strawberry or dissecting frogs, the process is always interactive. By doing so, I intend to cultivate a culture of learning and arouse their interest in science.” LaTanya Butler, principal at BMS says, “She was in the science industry, so she can relate the concepts she teaches to real life, which is one of the great attributes to have in a teacher.” Butler says Mrs. Adams also pushed to add an additional day to her work week. “I’ve had to open the building at her request so she can work on Saturdays. That’s just the attitude she adopts, to go over and beyond for our students here. I just appreciate Mrs. Adams for hearing the call to switch to education. If I could clone Mrs. Adams fifty more times, not only Berkeley Middle but schools in general would benefit from that spirit of dedication.” When asked if she misses working in the industry, Mrs. Adams says, “I’ll tell you I work harder now than I ever did, that I’m more tired now than I ever was, but I absolutely love what I do, and I feel like what I’m doing makes a difference. I can’t imagine not being here.” 4. What was the main cause for Adams’ changing her job? A. Her love of education. B. Her lack of inspiration. C. Her spirit of volunteering. D. Her desire of being perfect. 5. Adams used an interactive teaching style to ______. A. learn critical thinking B. enjoy science classes C. have colorful activities D. improve teaching effects 6. What can we learn from LaTanya Butler’s words? A. Adams can associate theory with practice. B. Adams’ dedication will inspire more teachers. C. Adams works overtime to teach students more. D. Adams owes her success to her work experience. 7. What is the passage trying to tell us? A. Keep looking, don’t settle. B. Action speaks louder than words． C. To know oneself is true progress. D. Live your passion, follow your dreams. C Golf has a length problem. The farther players drive the ball, the longer holes need to be, so that skills like iron play and putting (打球入洞) remain important. But the longer courses are, the more they cost to maintain and the worse their environmental impact. They also become more daunting for recreational golfers, who keep them in business. In 2004, golf’s regulators introduced limits on the size of clubs (球杆), hoping to slow the trend of ever-longer drives. Nonetheless, the inflation has continued quickly. On November 15th a famous record tumbled (下跌): someone completed the Masters Tournament in fewer than 270 strokes, the mark Tiger Woods set when he won his first major title in 1997. The new low of 268 belongs to Dustin Johnson, who has averaged more than 300 yards a pop throughout his career. He achieved the feat even though the Augusta National course is 8% longer than in 1997. How have golfers continued to blast the ball farther than ever? The PGA Tour publishes ball-tracking statistics, which suggest that, although better equipment may have helped, players’ recent gains stem largely from their technique — and even bigger improvements now appear inevitable. The data come from ShotLink, a system that tracks how fast a golfer swings (“clubhead speed”), his ball’s trajectory (“launch angle”) and its rotation speed (“spin rate”). A statistical model using these metrics was built to predict driving distances. Together, the three factors explained 70% of the differences between players’ distances, and almost all of the increase in length over time. The model’s lessons are intuitive. To thump the ball as far as possible, one should maximise clubhead speed and launch angle while minimising spin. However, most players face a trade-off between these goals. Harder impacts usually mean flatter trajectories. One golfer, however, has escaped this constraint. Bryson DeChambeau, a physics graduate with oddly designed club, is nicknamed the “Mad Scientist”. He gained 18kg of weight while the PGA Tour was suspended. This has allowed him to swing faster than anyone else. But he has also managed to smash the ball with a high launch angle — an unprecedented combination that might owe something to his unusually stiff wrists and robotic technique. Using both his brains and his brawn, Mr DeChambeau is now hitting 15 yards farther than his closest competitors do. Mark Broadie, a golf statistician, reckons that other professionals will try to beef up. But golf history is full of players who lost their edge after making small changes to their swings. And time may yet show that the risks of Mr DeChambeau’s bombs-away approach offset some of the rewards. He strayed into the rough (球场长草区) often at the Masters. Nonetheless, the Mad Scientist’s breakthrough is bad news for course designers. They will probably have to keep fiddling with their fairways on the golf courses for years to come. 8. The author mentions Tiger Woods in Paragraph 2 to show ________. A. golf drives are increasingly farther B. the number of records is falling C. game time is lengthening gradually D. golf courses are growing longer 9. Recent golfers’ improving performance is mainly the result of ________. A. finer equipment B. longer courses C. larger build D. better techniques 10. What can we know about Bryson DeChambeau? A. He has invented the never-failing bombs-away approach. B. He is a golf statistician who spends a lot of time in the gym. C. He actively urges course designers to update the golf courses. D. He has managed to swing the ball fast without flatter trajectories. 11. Which would Mark Broadie most likely to agree with? A. Changes to the swing shall be made with great caution. B. Longer courses will cause more problems than benefits. C. Professionals should follow Mr DeChambeau’s lead. D. Other golfers should be brave enough to take risks. D “Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look—and hence feel—happier, encouraging you to like what you see. That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face. The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones—that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around—is a well-established idea. The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face—as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown. Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete, the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy. Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely. The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, said the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on. “It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says. Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.” 12. What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A. To see whether laughter comes before happiness. B. To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered. C. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected. D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms. 13. What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study? A. It gave the volunteers a false image. B. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier. C. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task. D. It beautified the volunteers’ appearance in the mirror. 14. What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology? A. It only works in clothing stores. B. It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions. C. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes. D. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions. 15. What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply? A. Nothing is more important than happiness. B. Technology is unable to manipulate people. C. People should neglect the harm of the technology. D. People should have the right to make decisions independently. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Music is one of the most interesting art forms on earth. We enjoy music because it makes us feel great.____16____We thought we’d take some time out to explore exactly how beneficial music is to your language development skills. Below is a list of all the ways that listening to music can improve your English skills. Strengthen your vocabulary and listening skills. When listening to a song, you’ll pick up new words that you haven’t heard before. Listening to a new song per week can help you learn 52 songs a year. Those songs are full of new vocabulary and phrases that are difficult to forget. For example, listening to a song like “Friday, I’m in Love” is a great way to remember the days of the week!____17____Music can help your brain react more quickly to hearing English. Perfect your pronunciation. Once you have learned the lyrics, the words of a song, you can practice your pronunciation and explore different accents(口音). ____18____Singing will help you to learn their correct pronunciation of the words and will also help you remember easily the new vocabulary you have learned. Catch obvious grammar mistakes. If you have a good eye for mistakes, you can find many grammar “exceptions” songwriters usually use. Sometimes singers need to adapt the lyrics to the rhythm of the song. Therefore, they may be creative enough to use grammatical mistakes on purpose. It’s not funny when you catch them.____19____ ____20____Music can also increase your cultural understanding. Many songs talk about great stories and can teach you a lot about love, life, tradition, history, philosophy, literature, and more. You can find many great examples of a storytelling song on the Internet. A. Discover more about English culture. B. But rather it’s a good way to practice your English. C. This exercise will also develop your listening skills. D. Listening to songs can help you recover from illness. E. Those accents depend on the areas the singers come from. F. Write some storytelling songs to improve your English skills. G. But did you know it is also a great way to help you learn English? 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was a boy of nine in 1960. I used to mow the lawn for Mrs. Long. She paid me little for the job, but ____21____ to give me a Christmas present. I spent much time ____22____ what it would be. Many boys had baseball gloves or ice skates and I was ____23____ to have any of these. “It would ____24____ be a baseball glove,” I ____25____ with myself. She wouldn’t know much about baseball. So I was ____26____ that she would give me ice skates. I even ____27____ myself upon the skates. As Christmas approached, it was with ____28____ that I stopped myself from reporting to Mrs. Long and demanding my present. On December 22, I ____29____ myself at the door of the house. Mrs. Long sat me in a chair and handed me a small box which under no circumstances could _____30_____ a pair of skates. I was _____31_____. When lifting it from her, I was curious about the _____32_____ of the present. It weighed almost nothing. “What is it?” I asked. “A kind of magic,” she said. Her words were enough to set my mind dancing with new _____33_____ . There were other presents of normal dimension and weight. But Mrs. Long’s box dominated all, for it had to do with _____34_____ . On Christinas morning, before the sun was up, I had this box on my knees. With great _____35_____ I opened the box to find inside ten sheets of black paper, each labeled in colorful letters, Carbon Paper Regal Premium. “What is it?” I asked. Mum took two pieces of white paper, placed between them one of the black paper, and wrote my name on the upper sheet. Then she handed me the second sheet, which her pencil had in no way touched. There was my name! It was a miracle to my _____36_____ mind. In that one moment, I _____37_____ the ideas about the duplication (复制) of words and the printing and the mystery of spreading ideas. Thank Mrs. Long for her _____38_____ to guess that a boy might profit from a present totally outside the realm (领域) of his _____39_____ experience. The average present _____40_____ satisfies a temporary desire; the great one lights up all the years of life that remain. 21. A. allowed B. promised C. attempted D. reminded 22. A. asking B. recalling C. proving D. wondering 23. A. eager B. generous C. amused D. determined 24. A. possibly B. usually C. hardly D. definitely 25. A. reasoned B. inquired C. checked D. complained 26. A. shocked B. convinced C. delighted D. satisfied 27. A. prepared B. expected C. taught D. imagined 28. A. anxiety B. patience C. difficulty D. confirmation 29. A. presented B. forced C. urged D. employed 30. A. cover B. hold C. include D. involve 31. A. angry B. regretful C. awkward D. disappointed 32. A. value B. shape C. lightness D. meaning 33. A. features B. proposals C. experiences D. possibilities 34. A. magic B. interest C. love D. belief 35. A. surprise B. energy C. excitement D. confidence 36. A. sharp B. childish. C. brilliant D. creative 37. A. spread B. understood C. remembered D. practiced 38. A. wisdom B. kindness C. privilege D. encouragement 39. A. rich B. precious C. ordinary D. unforgettable 40. A. even B. still C. once D. merely 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在答题卡相应位置处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Barcodes were initially patented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in the United States in 1952. But it wasn’t ___41___ nearly two decades later, in 1971, that US engineer George Laurer perfected the technology and moved toward its commercialization began. On April 3, 1973, the standard ___42___ (identify) products was agreed on by a number of large retailers and food companies. The ___43___ (follow) year, on June 26 in the US state of Ohio, ___44___ first product was scanned: a pack of chewing gum that is now in the National Museum of American History in Washington. The patch of irregular vertical lines ___45___ revolutionized supermarket checkouts and facilitated the globalization of retail is turning 50. The trademark beep as a product is scanned is heard about six billion ___46___ (time) per day across the world, as around 70,000 items are sold each second. But its days might be numbered as it ___47___ (face) competition from the younger QR code. ___48___ (develop) in 1994, QR codes can hold much more information, as they are read both horizontally, like barcodes, and vertically. But barcodes are ___49___ (like) to remain in place for years to come as the world ___50___ (gradual) transitions to QR codes. 第四部分 写作（共两节，35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 In order to promote participation in outdoor physical exercise, our school organized a activity to climb Mount Hua last Sunday. The majority of my classmates joined the activity. Early in the morning, we gathered outside the school gate and head for Mount Hua. We were in high spirits the moment when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In the course of the climb, we cooperated with each other and eventually we reached the summit, which we enjoyed the bright sunshine and fresh air. Viewing from the top, the city was beautiful. There we entertained us with stories, songs, dances and game. This event was extreme beneficial. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events are held every year! 第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 52. 假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍你的设计方案及理由； 2. 询问意见并表达祝愿。 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2023年延庆区“内高班”高考第二次模拟练习（全国乙卷） 英 语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does the woman want to have dinner? A．At the man’s house. B．At the Red Rose Restaurant. C．At the Blue Moon Restaurant. 2.What does the woman mean? A．She doesn’t want to leave. B．She will take all the files away. C．She has enough time to deal with her work. 3.What will the man probably drink? A．Real coffee. B．Wine. C．Hot chocolate. 4.Why did the woman come here? A．To get her car repaired. B．To attend an interview. C．To pick up Mr. Beringer. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．WeChat. B．Online shopping. C．The man's grandma. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Go shopping. C. Do sports. 7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Hostess and guest. C. Husband and wife. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.Why does the woman think July is the best time to move? A. Their business is slow. B. The weather is favorable. C. It's easy to hire people. 9.How will they handle the moving? A. Finish it all at once. B. Have the sales section go first. C. Do one department at a time. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What did Peter learn from his grandfather? A. How to appreciate art works. B. How to deal with artists. C. How to run a museum. 11.What did Peter do in Chicago? A. He studied at a college. B. He served in the army. C. He worked in a gallery. 12.Whose works did Peter like best? A. Rembrandt's. B. Botticelli's. C. Rubens'. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Where does the conversation take place? A. At a library. B. In a law firm. C. On a train. 14.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper? A. March. B. August. C. October. 15.Why did John quit his part-time job? A. He had to catch up with his study. B. He was offered a better one. C. He got tired of it. 16.What is Susan's attitude to John's problem? A. Carefree. B. Understanding. C. Forgiving. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.What did the speaker do before the year 2012? A. A fitness coach. B. A chess player. C. A marathon runner. 18.Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker? A. He was motivated by Bolt. B. He broke a world record. C. He won fifth place. 19.Which is the hardest for the speaker? A. Getting over an injury. B. Doing strength training. C. Representing Botswana. 20.What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. His plan to go for the gold. B. His experience on the track. C His love for his home country. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A When teaching, always assume the worst! No, that’s not some world-weary call to pessimism, but actually a positive strategy for supporting students in the classroom. Consider the problems that can arise when you don’t do this, and instead take as your starting assumption that things are probably, basically okay: Teacher: Did you get on all right with the homework questions? Student: Er, yes… Teacher: Are there any you want to go through? Student: Er, no—it’s fine… What’s going on here? The student clearly feels that “yes” is the expected answer to the first question, but having said that, they’re then more or less forced into answering “no” to the second. Any problems they might have experienced are buried, and consequently go unresolved. A much better approach is to assume the worst, to the point of setting up failure as the starting point. Then, if necessary, the student can be in the happy position of bringing you good news, which gives the impression of placing them in a more powerful position. Let’s imagine that same exchange again: Teacher: Those homework questions were hard. Did you manage any of them? Student: Yes, I did the first one, but I couldn’t do any of the others. Teacher: Okay—do you want to go through the others? Student: Yes, please. This time, we’ve made it easy for the student to admit their difficulties. There’s no pretense (借口) around everything being fine when it isn’t, and no shame in the student admitting to having problems, as that’s clearly the teacher’s starting assumption. It takes no longer to frame things this way round, but makes it so much easier for the student to be honest. Paradoxically, it’s also much more positive in that the student is constantly exceeding the teacher’s expectations— “You managed question one? Well done! Now, let’s look at the others…” Every counsellor knows that if they ask a client “Did you have a good week?”, they’re more likely to get a positive response, because it’s a leading question that doesn’t communicate a strong interest in hearing the truth. Instead, a more neutral question like “How was your week?” is much more likely to elicit an honest response. The same applies in the classroom. We want to avoid fakery and being told what we want to hear. Instead, we have to probe for the problems, the difficulties, the things that make no sense to the student, and make it easy for them to tell us those things. 1. Which question is preferred according to the author? A. Did you manage any of the hard questions in the homework? B. Did you get on all right with the homework questions? C. Do you have any questions you want to go through? D. Do you think the homework questions are hard? 2. According to the passage, good questions ______. A. promote communications B. should be based on honesty C. reveal different assumptions D. ought to make others happy 3. This article is mainly intended for ______. A. parents B. teachers C. students D. researchers 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章提供了一个教学中的提问技巧。 1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段对话中“Teacher: Those homework questions were hard. Did you manage any of them?(老师：家庭作业中的问题很难。你完成其中的任何一个了吗？)”及倒数第四段“This time, we’ve made it easy for the student to admit their difficulties. There’s no pretense (借口) around everything being fine when it isn’t, and no shame in the student admitting to having problems, as that’s clearly the teacher’s starting assumption.(这一次，我们让学生很容易承认他们的困难。不要假装一切都很好，当事实并非如此时，也不要因为学生承认有问题而感到羞耻，因为这显然是老师最初的设想)”可知，老师的提问应该让学生很容易承认自己有困难，A项“你完成家庭作业中比较难的问题中的任何一个了吗？”符合作者强调的这个原则。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“Every counsellor knows that if they ask a client ‘Did you have a good week?’, they’re more likely to get a positive response, because it’s a leading question that doesn’t communicate a strong interest in hearing the truth. Instead, a more neutral question like ‘How was your week?’ is much more likely to elicit an honest response.(每个咨询师都知道，如果他们问客户‘你这周过得好吗？’，他们更有可能得到积极的回应，因为这是一个引导性的问题，没有传达出对听到真相的强烈兴趣。相反，你可以问一个更中性的问题，比如‘你这周过得怎么样？’，更有可能得到诚实的回应)”可知，好问题更有可能得到诚实的回答，促进双方的交流。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When teaching, always assume the worst!(在教学的时候，不妨总是往最坏的方面想)”可知，本文提供了一个教学中的提问技巧，是写给老师的。故选B项。 B She spent over two decades working her way up in the science industry, either as a chemist in a lab or in a management role. Now Berkeley Middle School teacher Mrs. Amy Adams is employing her science skills in a different environment. She decided to mix things up a bit and came up with a winning formula to help make a difference in the classroom. Mrs. Amy Adams is our Cool School teacher of the week. She took a couple of years off after having children. While volunteering at her kids’ school, she was fascinated by education. Adams says, “This is where I am supposed to be. I loved my job and the people I worked with, but I just kept feeling unsettled, so finally, I channeled my energy into something meaningful.” Adams says she stepped out on faith, and the rest is history, well actually it’s science. She’s now in year six of teaching seventh-grade science at BMS. “This is my alma mater. I walked the halls of Berkeley Middle. So it is with all four of my children. My youngest is walking the halls now. It just feels like home,” Adams said. Adams describes her teaching style as interactive. She says, “I want them to have a voice and learn critical thinking, so we feature colorful activities. Whether it’s note-taking, worksheets, doing DNA extractions on a strawberry or dissecting frogs, the process is always interactive. By doing so, I intend to cultivate a culture of learning and arouse their interest in science.” LaTanya Butler, principal at BMS says, “She was in the science industry, so she can relate the concepts she teaches to real life, which is one of the great attributes to have in a teacher.” Butler says Mrs. Adams also pushed to add an additional day to her work week. “I’ve had to open the building at her request so she can work on Saturdays. That’s just the attitude she adopts, to go over and beyond for our students here. I just appreciate Mrs. Adams for hearing the call to switch to education. If I could clone Mrs. Adams fifty more times, not only Berkeley Middle but schools in general would benefit from that spirit of dedication.” When asked if she misses working in the industry, Mrs. Adams says, “I’ll tell you I work harder now than I ever did, that I’m more tired now than I ever was, but I absolutely love what I do, and I feel like what I’m doing makes a difference. I can’t imagine not being here.” 4. What was the main cause for Adams’ changing her job? A. Her love of education. B. Her lack of inspiration. C. Her spirit of volunteering. D. Her desire of being perfect. 5. Adams used an interactive teaching style to ______. A. learn critical thinking B. enjoy science classes C. have colorful activities D. improve teaching effects 6. What can we learn from LaTanya Butler’s words? A. Adams can associate theory with practice. B. Adams’ dedication will inspire more teachers. C. Adams works overtime to teach students more. D. Adams owes her success to her work experience. 7. What is the passage trying to tell us? A. Keep looking, don’t settle. B. Action speaks louder than words． C. To know oneself is true progress. D. Live your passion, follow your dreams. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Amy Adams从科技行业转行当中学科学老师，用互动教学践行教育热情的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“While volunteering at her kids’ school, she was fascinated by education. Adams says, “This is where I am supposed to be. I loved my job and the people I worked with, but I just kept feeling unsettled, so finally, I channeled my energy into something meaningful.” (在孩子所在的学校做志愿者时，她对教育产生了浓厚兴趣。Adams说：“这里才是我该待的地方。我热爱之前的工作，也喜欢身边的同事，但总觉得心里不踏实，所以最终，我把精力投入到了更有意义的事情上。”)”可知，Amy Adams改变工作的主要原因是她对教育的热爱。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Adams describes her teaching style as interactive. She says, “I want them to have a voice and learn critical thinking, so we feature colorful activities. Whether it’s note-taking, worksheets, doing DNA extractions on a strawberry or dissecting frogs, the process is always interactive. By doing so, I intend to cultivate a culture of learning and arouse their interest in science.” (Adams形容她的教学风格是互动式的。她说：“我希望他们有自己的声音，学会批判性思维，所以我们设计了丰富多彩的活动。无论是记笔记、做工作表、在草莓上进行DNA提取还是解剖青蛙，这个过程总是互动的。通过这样做，我打算培养一种学习文化，激发他们对科学的兴趣。”)”可知，Adams采用互动式教学方法是为了提高他们的学习兴趣，从而提升自己的教学成果。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“LaTanya Butler, principal at BMS says, “She was in the science industry, so she can relate the concepts she teaches to real life, which is one of the great attributes to have in a teacher.” (BMS校长LaTanya Butler说：“她曾在科学行业工作，所以她能把所教的概念与现实生活联系起来，这是教师所具备的伟大品质之一。”)”可知，Adams能将理论与实际联系起来。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“When asked if she misses working in the industry, Mrs. Adams says, “I’ll tell you I work harder now than I ever did, that I’m more tired now than I ever was, but I absolutely love what I do, and I feel like what I’m doing makes a difference. I can’t imagine not being here.” (当被问及是否怀念在科学行业工作时，Adams夫人说：“我要告诉你，我现在比以往任何时候都努力工作，我现在比以往任何时候都更累，但我绝对热爱我所做的工作，我觉得我所做的工作很有意义。我无法想象不在这里。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了Amy Adams老师因热爱教育而转行成为中学教师，并采用互动式教学方法激发学生兴趣的故事，故文章想要给读者传达的是“活出你的激情，追随你的梦想”。故选D。 C Golf has a length problem. The farther players drive the ball, the longer holes need to be, so that skills like iron play and putting (打球入洞) remain important. But the longer courses are, the more they cost to maintain and the worse their environmental impact. They also become more daunting for recreational golfers, who keep them in business. In 2004, golf’s regulators introduced limits on the size of clubs (球杆), hoping to slow the trend of ever-longer drives. Nonetheless, the inflation has continued quickly. On November 15th a famous record tumbled (下跌): someone completed the Masters Tournament in fewer than 270 strokes, the mark Tiger Woods set when he won his first major title in 1997. The new low of 268 belongs to Dustin Johnson, who has averaged more than 300 yards a pop throughout his career. He achieved the feat even though the Augusta National course is 8% longer than in 1997. How have golfers continued to blast the ball farther than ever? The PGA Tour publishes ball-tracking statistics, which suggest that, although better equipment may have helped, players’ recent gains stem largely from their technique — and even bigger improvements now appear inevitable. The data come from ShotLink a system that tracks how fast a golfer swings (“clubhead speed”), his ball’s trajectory (“launch angle”) and its rotation speed (“spin rate”). A statistical model using these metrics was built to predict driving distances. Together, the three factors explained 70% of the differences between players’ distances, and almost all of the increase in length over time. The model’s lessons are intuitive. To thump the ball as far as possible one should maximise clubhead speed and launch angle while minimising spin. However, most players face a trade-off between these goals. Harder impacts usually mean flatter trajectories. One golfer, however, has escaped this constraint. Bryson DeChambeau, a physics graduate with oddly designed club, is nicknamed the “Mad Scientist”. He gained 18kg of weight while the PGA Tour was suspended. This has allowed him to swing faster than anyone else. But he has also managed to smash the ball with a high launch angle — an unprecedented combination that might owe something to his unusually stiff wrists and robotic technique. Using both his brains and his brawn, Mr DeChambeau is now hitting 15 yards farther than his closest competitors do. Mark Broadie, a golf statistician, reckons that other professionals will try to beef up. But golf history is full of players who lost their edge after making small changes to their swings. And time may yet show that the risks of Mr DeChambeau’s bombs-away approach offset some of the rewards. He strayed into the rough (球场长草区) often at the Masters. Nonetheless, the Mad Scientist’s breakthrough is bad news for course designers. They will probably have to keep fiddling with their fairways on the golf courses for years to come. 8. The author mentions Tiger Woods in Paragraph 2 to show ________. A. golf drives are increasingly farther B. the number of records is falling C game time is lengthening gradually D. golf courses are growing longer 9. Recent golfers’ improving performance is mainly the result of ________. A. finer equipment B. longer courses C. larger build D. better techniques 10. What can we know about Bryson DeChambeau? A. He has invented the never-failing bombs-away approach. B. He is a golf statistician who spends a lot of time in the gym. C. He actively urges course designers to update the golf courses. D. He has managed to swing the ball fast without flatter trajectories. 11. Which would Mark Broadie most likely to agree with? A. Changes to the swing shall be made with great caution. B. Longer courses will cause more problems than benefits. C. Professionals should follow Mr DeChambeau’s lead. D. Other golfers should be brave enough to take risks. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要围绕高尔夫球杆的长度问题进行探讨。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。第二段中“In 2004, golf’s regulators introduced limits on the size of clubs (球杆), hoping to slow the trend of ever-longer drives. Nonetheless, the inflation has continued quickly.(2004年，高尔夫监管机构对球杆的大小进行了限制，希望能减缓越来越长的击球距离。尽管如此，通货膨胀仍在迅速加剧)”提到虽然对球杆尺寸进行限制以减缓击球距离，但是击球距离仍在不断加剧，接着下文“On November 15th a famous record tumbled (下跌): someone completed the Masters Tournament in fewer than 270 strokes, the mark Tiger Woods set when he won his first major title in 1997.(11月15日，一项著名的纪录被打破：有人以不到270杆的成绩完成了大师赛，这是泰格•伍兹1997年赢得第一个大满贯冠军时创造的纪录)”提到有人以不到270杆的成绩打破了泰格•伍兹创造的记录是为了证实上述观点，表明高尔夫的击球距离越来越远。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The PGA Tour publishes ball-tracking statistics, which suggest that, although better equipment may have helped, players’ recent gains stem largely from their technique — and even bigger improvements now appear inevitable.(美巡赛公布的球追踪数据表明，尽管更好的设备可能有所帮助，但球员们最近的进步主要来自他们的技术——现在看来，更大的进步是不可避免的)”可知，球员们最近的进步主要来自他们的技术，故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Harder impacts usually mean flatter trajectories.(更猛烈的撞击通常意味着更平坦的轨迹)”和第六段中“One golfer, however, has escaped this constraint.(然而，一位高尔夫球手却逃脱了这一限制)”和“This has allowed him to swing faster than anyone else.(这使得他挥杆比任何人都快)”可知，Bryson DeChambeau成功地在没有平坦的轨迹的情况下挥出了快速的球，故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But golf history is full of players who lost their edge after making small changes to their swings.(但高尔夫历史上有很多球员在挥杆上做了一些小小的改变后就失去了优势)”可知，Mark Broadie认为应该谨慎对挥杆作出改变，故选A。 D “Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look—and hence feel—happier, encouraging you to like what you see. That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face. The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones—that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around—is a well-established idea. The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face—as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown. Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete, the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy. Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely. The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, said the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on. “It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says. Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.” 12. What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A. To see whether laughter comes before happiness. B. To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered. C. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected. D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms. 13. What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study? A. It gave the volunteers a false image. B. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier. C. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task. D. It beautified the volunteers’ appearance in the mirror. 14. What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology? A. It only works in clothing stores. B. It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions. C. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes. D. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions. 15. What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply? A. Nothing is more important than happiness. B. Technology is unable to manipulate people. C. People should neglect the harm of the technology. D. People should have the right to make decisions independently. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了未来服装店里的试衣间的镜子可以巧妙的调整你的影像，让你看上去很漂亮并且感觉到很开心，从而使你喜欢上你看到的东西，这就是日本东京大学的繁熊吉田和同事开发的情绪系统背后的理念，这个系统能通过呈现给你一个你自己的笑脸或者哭脸来控制你的情绪以及个人偏好。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.(该系统可以操纵，或者换句话说，通过呈现你自己的微笑或皱眉的脸的形象来控制你的情绪和个人偏好)”根据第五段“When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.”（当屏幕上的面孔出现微笑时，人们报告说他们感到更快乐。另一方面，当图片上有悲伤的表情时，他们报告说感觉不那么快乐。）可知，该系统的主要目的是为了观察一个人的感觉是否可以不自觉地受到影响。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with-software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown.(该系统的工作原理是向用户展示他或她的脸的网络摄像头图像，就像他们在照镜子一样。然后用软件巧妙地改变图像，上下转动嘴角，改变眼睛周围的区域，让人看起来像是微笑或皱眉。)”可知，网络摄像头的图像要让志愿者感觉他们在照镜子，即让他们相信看到的图像，而这个图像是被修改了的。由此可见在研究中，我们了解到的web-camera图像只是一种假象。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第八段第二句“But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions.(但他指出，在商店里使用这种技术会比在实验室里更难，因为人们会使用广泛的表达方式)”可知克里德提出在商店很难采用这项技术，原因在于人们的表情太过于丰富，由此可见这项技术的局限性是只能处理相对简单的有限的面部表情。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?’ says Creed. ‘But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.’(克里德说，“你可以说，如果它能让人们快乐，那它又有什么害处呢？但我可以想象，如果许多人弄清楚了，他们可能会感到被操纵、不舒服和被欺骗。”)”可知克里德提出这项技术虽然可以让人快乐，但如果被发现了，也可以让人产生被操控感，不安和被欺骗感。因此可知Creeds对这种技术的道德问题的评价暗示着人们应该独立做决定。故选D。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Music is one of the most interesting art forms on earth. We enjoy music because it makes us feel great.____16____We thought we’d take some time out to explore exactly how beneficial music is to your language development skills. Below is a list of all the ways that listening to music can improve your English skills. Strengthen your vocabulary and listening skills. When listening to a song, you’ll pick up new words that you haven’t heard before. Listening to a new song per week can help you learn 52 songs a year. Those songs are full of new vocabulary and phrases that are difficult to forget. For example, listening to a song like “Friday, I’m in Love” is a great way to remember the days of the week!____17____Music can help your brain react more quickly to hearing English. Perfect your pronunciation. Once you have learned the lyrics, the words of a song, you can practice your pronunciation and explore different accents(口音). ____18____Singing will help you to learn their correct pronunciation of the words and will also help you remember easily the new vocabulary you have learned. Catch obvious grammar mistakes. If you have a good eye for mistakes, you can find many grammar “exceptions” songwriters usually use. Sometimes singers need to adapt the lyrics to the rhythm of the song. Therefore, they may be creative enough to use grammatical mistakes on purpose. It’s not funny when you catch them.____19____ ____20____Music can also increase your cultural understanding. Many songs talk about great stories and can teach you a lot about love, life, tradition, history, philosophy, literature, and more. You can find many great examples of a storytelling song on the Internet. A. Discover more about English culture. B. But rather it’s a good way to practice your English. C. This exercise will also develop your listening skills. D. Listening to songs can help you recover from illness. E. Those accents depend on the areas the singers come from. F. Write some storytelling songs to improve your English skills. G. But did you know it is also a great way to help you learn English? 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了通过听音乐提高英语技巧的几种方法。 【16题详解】 根据后文“We thought we’d take some time out to explore exactly how beneficial music is to your language development skills.( 我们想花点时间来探索音乐对你的语言发展技能究竟有多大的好处。)”可知，音乐对语言学习也是有好处的，故设空处应该提出听音乐也是学习英语的好方法。G选项“But did you know it is also a great way to help you learn English?(但是你知道这也是一个帮助你学习英语的好方法吗？)”。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Those songs are full of new vocabulary and phrases that are difficult to forget. (这些歌曲充满了难以忘记的新词汇和短语。)”以及后文的“Music can help your brain react more quickly to hearing English.(音乐可以帮助你的大脑对听到英语做出更快的反应。)”可知，设空处指出听音乐能够对英语在听力方面以及词汇等方面的提高。C选项“This exercise will also develop your listening skills.(这个练习也会提高你的听力能力。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“Once you have learned the lyrics, you can practice your pronunciation and explore different accents.(一旦你学会了歌词，你能练习发音并探索不同的口音)”说明学习英文歌曲还能探索不同的口音，E项“Those accents depend on the areas the singers come from.(这些口音取决于歌手来自的地区.)”是对上文提到的内容的承接。故选E项。 【19题详解】 上文“If you have a good eye for mistakes, you can find many grammar “exceptions” songwriters usually use.(如果你对错误有很好的洞察力，你会发现很多词曲作者通常使用的语法“例外”)”和主旨句“Catch obvious grammar mistakes. (发现明显的语法错误)”推知，发现歌曲中明显的语法错误有助于英语学习。B项“But rather it’s a good way to practice your English.(但是找出这些错误作为练习英语的一种方式是很有帮助的。)”符合题意。故选B项。 【20题详解】 空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Music can also increase your cultural understanding. Many songs talk about great stories and can teach you a lot about love, life, tradition, history, philosophy, literature, and more. You can find lots of great examples of a storytelling song on the Internet.(音乐也可以增进你的文化理解。许多歌曲讲述了伟大的故事，可以教你很多关于爱情、生活、传统、历史、哲学、文学等等的知识。你可以在网上找到很多讲故事歌曲的好例子)”可知，通过音乐我们还可以了解更多关于英国的文化。A项“发现更多关于英语文化的东西”可以作为本段小标题。故选A项。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was a boy of nine in 1960. I used to mow the lawn for Mrs. Long. She paid me little for the job, but ____21____ to give me a Christmas present. I spent much time ____22____ what it would be. Many boys had baseball gloves or ice skates and I was ____23____ to have any of these. “It would ____24____ be a baseball glove,” I ____25____ with myself. She wouldn’t know much about baseball. So I was ____26____ that she would give me ice skates. I even ____27____ myself upon the skates. As Christmas approached, it was with ____28____ that I stopped myself from reporting to Mrs. Long and demanding my present. On December 22, I ____29____ myself at the door of the house. Mrs. Long sat me in a chair and handed me a small box which under no circumstances could _____30_____ a pair of skates. I was _____31_____. When lifting it from her, I was curious about the _____32_____ of the present. It weighed almost nothing. “What is it?” I asked. “A kind of magic,” she said. Her words were enough to set my mind dancing with new _____33_____ . There were other presents of normal dimension and weight. But Mrs. Long’s box dominated all, for it had to do with _____34_____ . On Christinas morning, before the sun was up, I had this box on my knees. With great _____35_____ I opened the box to find inside ten sheets of black paper, each labeled in colorful letters, Carbon Paper Regal Premium. “What is it?” I asked. Mum took two pieces of white paper, placed between them one of the black paper, and wrote my name on the upper sheet. Then she handed me the second sheet, which her pencil had in no way touched. There was my name! It was a miracle to my _____36_____ mind. In that one moment, I _____37_____ the ideas about the duplication (复制) of words and the printing and the mystery of spreading ideas. Thank Mrs. Long for her _____38_____ to guess that a boy might profit from a present totally outside the realm (领域) of his _____39_____ experience. The average present _____40_____ satisfies a temporary desire; the great one lights up all the years of life that remain. 21. A. allowed B. promised C. attempted D. reminded 22. A. asking B. recalling C. proving D. wondering 23. A. eager B. generous C. amused D. determined 24. A. possibly B. usually C. hardly D. definitely 25. A. reasoned B. inquired C. checked D. complained 26. A. shocked B. convinced C. delighted D. satisfied 27. A. prepared B. expected C. taught D. imagined 28. A. anxiety B. patience C. difficulty D. confirmation 29. A. presented B. forced C. urged D. employed 30. A. cover B. hold C. include D. involve 31. A. angry B. regretful C. awkward D. disappointed 32. A. value B. shape C. lightness D. meaning 33. A. features B. proposals C. experiences D. possibilities 34. A. magic B. interest C. love D. belief 35. A. surprise B. energy C. excitement D. confidence 36. A. sharp B. childish. C. brilliant D. creative 37. A. spread B. understood C. remembered D. practiced 38. A. wisdom B. kindness C. privilege D. encouragement 39. A. rich B. precious C. ordinary D. unforgettable 40. A. even B. still C. once D. merely 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位老人送的礼物对“我”的影响。主要凸显自己在等待礼物过程中的心情和得到礼物后的反应。 【21题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：这个工作她付给我很少的钱，但是答应我给我个圣诞礼物。A. allowed允许；B. promised承诺；C. attempted试图；D. reminded提醒。 由下文中的“As Christmas approached（当圣诞节快来临时）”可知，Mrs. Long答应给作者圣诞礼物的时候，圣诞节还没有到来，所以是提前允诺。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我花了很多时间在想它将会是什么。A. asking问；B. recalling回想；C. proving证明；D. wondering想。由上文中“promised to give me a Christmas present（承诺给我一个圣诞礼物）”可知，因为别人答应了给作者礼物，所以作者一直翘首企盼，一直在想着会是什么礼物。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：很多男孩有棒球手套或者溜冰鞋，我很想要这些东西。A. eager热切的，渴望的；B. generous慷慨的，大方的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. determined坚决的，果断的。由and前的“Many boys had baseball gloves or ice skates（很多男孩有棒球手套或者溜冰鞋）”可知，作者也很想要这样的东西。“be eager to have”意为“很想要拥有”，符合句意。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词。句意：我自己想了想然后告诉自己：“几乎不可能是棒球手套。” A. possibly可能；B. usually常常；C. hardly几乎不；D. definitely明确地，清楚地。由下句“She wouldn’t know much about baseball（她不了解棒球）”可知，她几乎不可能送作者棒球手套。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意同上。A. reasoned推理；B. inquired询问，查问；C. checked检查，审查；D. complained抱怨。下句“She wouldn’t know much about baseball（她不了解棒球）”呈现的是作者自己推理的过程，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：因此我相信她会给我一双溜冰鞋。A. shocked震惊；B. convinced使相信；C. delighted使高兴；D. satisfied使满意。根据这一段中作者的推理，大家有棒球手套和溜冰鞋，作者觉得老人不会送他棒球手球，所以作者觉得一定会送他溜冰鞋。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我甚至想象自己在冰上溜冰的样子。A. prepared准备； B. expected期望；C. taught教；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，这段话在描述作者对圣诞礼物的猜测，作者很渴望得到溜冰鞋，所以甚至想象自己穿着溜冰鞋在冰上溜。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：当圣诞节快到的时候，虽然很难做到，但是我没有向Mrs. Long去报到，也没有向她要礼物。A. anxiety焦虑，忧虑；B. patience耐心，忍耐力；C. difficulty困难，难题；D. confirmation证实，确认。 根据上文中的“I spent much time wondering what it would be.（我花很多时间去想这个礼物会是什么）”可知，作者特别期待这个礼物，所以越是临近圣诞节越是期待。作者忍住没去Mrs. Long家报到，是很难做到的。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：12月22日，我出现在房子门口。A. presented出现；B. forced 迫使；C. urged敦促，催促；D. employed雇用，应用。由下句“Mrs. Long sat me in a chair and handed me…（Mrs. Long坐在椅子上，交给我……）”可知，我到了Mrs. Long门口。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：Mrs. Long坐在椅子上，交给我一个小盒子，盒子这么小，几乎没有可能是一双溜冰鞋。A. cover掩蔽，遮盖；B. hold拿着，抓住；C. include包括，包含；D. involve包含，需要。根据句意，作者根据盒子的大小猜测里边装的不可能是一双溜冰鞋。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：我很失望。A. angry生气的；B. regretful令人遗憾的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。上文中写作者期待圣诞礼物是一双溜冰鞋，但是现在拿在手里的盒子这么小，不可能是一双溜冰鞋，所以作者很失望。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：当我从她手里拿过礼物的时候，我很好奇礼物怎么这么轻。A. value价值；B. shape形状；C. lightness轻；D. meaning意义。由下句“It weighed almost nothing.（几乎没有重量。）”可知，作者好奇礼物为什么这么轻。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：她的话让我又开始想象各种可能性。A. features特点；B. proposals提议，建议；C. experiences经验，实践；D. possibilities可能。根据句意，作者很好奇箱子怎么这么轻，不会是他想象的溜冰鞋，会是什么呢，作者开始想象各种可能性。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：但是Mrs. Long的箱子起着重要的作用，因为它必需与魔术有关。A. magic魔术；B. interest兴趣，关注；C. love爱；D. belief信心。此空格处单词与段首Mrs. Long所说的“A kind of magic”呼应，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：怀着很激动的心情，我打开箱子，发现里边有十张黑色的纸，每张上边都写着“复写纸豪华版”。A. surprise惊奇，惊讶；B. energy精力，活力；C. excitement激动，兴奋；D. confidence自信。由上段中的“Her words were enough to set my mind dancing with new possibilities（她的话让我开始想象各种可能性）”可知，作者很激动想知道里边是什么。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于小孩子的思想来说，这就是奇迹。A. sharp锋利的，锐利的；B. childish孩子气的，稚嫩的；C. brilliant聪颖的；D. creative有创造力的。根据文章开始的“I was a boy of nine in 1960.（1960年，我还是一个九岁的小孩。）”可知，对于那时的自己，也就是小孩的思想来说这是个奇迹。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我理解了字、画复制的含义以及传播思想的神秘。A. spread传播，散布；B. understood理解；C. remembered记得，记起；D. practiced练习，实习。根据文章最后一句中的“the great one lights up all the years of life that remain（这个礼物点亮了我以后的人生）”可知，这个礼物让作者当时理解了很多。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：多亏了Mrs. Long的智慧，认为一个小男孩能从超出他一般认知领域的礼物中收益颇丰。A. wisdom智慧；B. kindness仁慈，善良；C. privilege荣幸，荣耀；D. encouragement鼓舞，鼓励。根据句意，Mrs. Long送了一个我意想不到的礼物，并且她能提前猜到我会喜欢，是很有智慧的。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意同上。A. rich富有的，富裕的；B. precious宝贵的，珍贵的；C. ordinary普通的，平常的；D. unforgettable难以忘怀的。根据上文中的“It was a miracle to my childish mind（对于小孩的思想来说那就是奇迹）”可知，这个礼物超出了小孩子一般的认知范围。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：一般的礼物仅仅只能满足暂时的欲望，一个好的礼物能够点亮未来的人生。A. even甚至；B. still还是，仍然；C. once曾经；D. merely仅仅，只不过。根据句意，将一般的礼物与好的礼物形成对比，一般的礼物紧急只能满足暂时的欲望。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在答题卡相应位置处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Barcodes were initially patented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in the United States in 1952. But it wasn’t ___41___ nearly two decades later, in 1971, that US engineer George Laurer perfected the technology and moved toward its commercialization began. On April 3, 1973, the standard ___42___ (identify) products was agreed on by a number of large retailers and food companies. The ___43___ (follow) year, on June 26 in the US state of Ohio, ___44___ first product was scanned: a pack of chewing gum that is now in the National Museum of American History in Washington. The patch of irregular vertical lines ___45___ revolutionized supermarket checkouts and facilitated the globalization of retail is turning 50. The trademark beep as a product is scanned is heard about six billion ___46___ (time) per day across the world, as around 70,000 items are sold each second. But its days might be numbered as it ___47___ (face) competition from the younger QR code. ___48___ (develop) in 1994, QR codes can hold much more information, as they are read both horizontally, like barcodes, and vertically. But barcodes are ___49___ (like) to remain in place for years to come as the world ___50___ (gradual) transitions to QR codes. 【答案】41. until 42. to identify 43. following 44. the 45. that##which 46. times 47. faces 48. Developed 49. likely 50. gradually 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍条形码的发明、发展、应用及面临二维码竞争的现状。 【41题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：但直到近20年后的1971年，美国工程师乔治·劳勒完善了这项技术，并开始了将其商业化的进程。此处为强调句型，表示“直到……才……”应用not until。故填until。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1973年4月3日，多家大型零售商和食品公司商定了用于识别产品的标准。本句谓语为was agreed，此处为非谓语动词，the standard to do sth.“做某事的标准”，此处用identify“确认，识别”的不定式to identify，作后置定语，修饰standard。故填to identify。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：第二年，6月26日，在美国俄亥俄州，扫描了第一件产品：一包口香糖，现在这包口香糖存放在华盛顿的美国国家历史博物馆。修饰后文名词year，应用形容词following“（时间上）接着的”，作定语。故填following。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。first为序数词，前面需加定冠词the。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：由不规则垂直线条组成的图案彻底改变了超市的结账方式，并促进了零售业的全球化，如今它很快就50岁了。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词patch，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 【46题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：如今，全球每天约能听到60亿次商品扫描时标志性的“嘀”声，因为每秒约有7万件商品售出。time在此处表“次数”，为可数名词，前面有six billion修饰，需用复数形式times，作is heard about的宾语。故填times。 【47题详解】 考查时态。句意：但由于面临着来自更年轻的二维码的竞争，它的日子可能屈指可数了。本句陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用face“面临”的第三人称单数形式。故填faces。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：二维码于1994年开发，可以存储更多的信息，因为它们可以像条形码一样水平读取，也可以垂直读取。本句谓语为can hold，此处为非谓语动词，develop“开发”与逻辑主语QR codes构成被动关系，故用过去分词，作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Developed。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但随着世界逐渐过渡到二维码，条形码很可能在未来几年内继续使用。be likely to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“有可能做某事”，本空用形容词likely“可能的”作表语。故填likely。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。修饰后文动词transitions，应用副词gradually“逐渐”，作状语。故填gradually。 第四部分 写作（共两节，35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 In order to promote participation in outdoor physical exercise, our school organized a activity to climb Mount Hua last Sunday. The majority of my classmates joined the activity. Early in the morning, we gathered outside the school gate and head for Mount Hua. We were in high spirits the moment when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In the course of the climb, we cooperated with each other and eventually we reached the summit, which we enjoyed the bright sunshine and fresh air. Viewing from the top, the city was beautiful. There we entertained us with stories, songs, dances and game. This event was extreme beneficial. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events are held every year! 【答案】1. a→an; 2. 在joined后加in; 3. head→headed; 4.删除when; 5. which→where; 6. Viewing→Viewed; 7. us→ourselves; 8. game→games; 9. extreme→extremely; 10. are→be 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者学校上周日组织了攀登华山的活动的过程。 【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：为了促进学生参与户外体育锻炼，我们学校上周日组织了攀登华山的活动。分析可知，activity为元音音素开头，应用冠词an修饰，故a改为an。 2.考查介词。句意：我的大多数同学都参加了这次活动。短语join in表示参加活动，而join则表示加入某组织成为一员，故在joined后加in。 3.考查时态。句意：一大早，我们就聚集在校门外，向华山出发。分析可知，这里描述过去的事情，都应用一般过去时，故head改为headed。 4.考查时间状语从句。句意：我们一到山脚下就兴高采烈。分析句意可知，本句表示一……就……，应用the moment引导时间状语从句，所以这里的when是多余的，故删除when。 5.考查定语从句。句意：在攀登的过程中，我们相互配合，最终到达了山顶，在那里我们享受着明媚的阳光和新鲜的空气。分析可知，which we enjoyed the bright sunshine and fresh air为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the summit，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导，故which改为where。 6.考查过去分词。句意：从山顶上看，这座城市很美。分析可知，主语和状语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词做状语，故Viewing改为Viewed。 7.考查反身代词。句意：我们在那里用故事、唱歌、跳舞和游戏来娱乐自己。分析可知，本句entertained的宾语指代的是主语自己，应用反身代词，故us改为ourselves。 8.考查名词的数。句意：同上。本句的game和stories, songs, dances并列作宾语，都应用复数形式，故game改为games。 9.考查副词。句意：这次活动非常有益。形容词beneficial前应用副词作状语，故extreme改为extremely。 10.考查虚拟语气。句意：因此，我们强烈建议每年都举办类似的活动!分析可知，suggest后接的宾语从从句一般用虚拟语气，从句谓语用(should)+动词原形，故are改为be。 第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 52. 假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍你的设计方案及理由； 2. 询问意见并表达祝愿。 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand. First, it is a wise choice to propagandize the using of cloth bags instead of plastic bags in school and call for students to spread the behavior to the people around them. Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags. Finally, collecting and recycling plastic bags are easy to be conducted in school. I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 激动的：thrilled→excited/full of excitement 提供：offer→provide/supply 规章制度：rule→regulation 有益的：be of benefit→be beneficial 2.句式拓展： 原句：I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you 拓展句：I sincerely hope my plan that I mentioned above is of benefit to you 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags.(运用了that引导同位语从句，现在分词作状语。) 【高分句型2】 Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand.(运用了形容词作状语，that引导宾语从句，过去分词作后置定语以及现在分词作状语。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $