主题语境提分练28 人与自然之人与动植物-【百强名校168优化组合卷】2026年高考英语高三二轮复习卷

主题语境提分练二十八　人与自然之人与动植物 分值:50分 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) (2023·全国甲卷) Grizzly bears,which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg,occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see,and their answer is often the same:a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are reoccupying large areas of their former range,”says bear biologist Chris Servheen.As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more,they're increasingly being sighted by humans. The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.By the early 1970s,after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers,600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies.In 1975,grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. Today,there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies,which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.For now,grizzlies remain listed. Obviously,if precautions (预防) aren't taken,grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food.If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites,grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble.Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.“Our hope is to have a clean,attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,”says James Jonkel,longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 1.How do Americans look at grizzlies? They cause mixed feelings in people. They should be kept in national parks. They are of high scientific value. They are a symbol of American culture. 2.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population? The European settlers' behavior. The expansion of bears' range. The protection by law since 1975. The support of Native Americans. 3.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies? The opposition of conservation groups. The successful comeback of grizzlies. The voice of the biologists. The local farmers' advocates. 4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? Food should be provided for grizzlies. People can live in harmony with grizzlies. A special path should be built for grizzlies. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) As cities balloon with growth,access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky,there might be a pocket park near where you live,but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans,but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park-goers,asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions,coding (编码) experiences into different categories.For example,one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”. Across the 320 submissions,a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions,half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife,walking along the edge of water,and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language,which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example,the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday,they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.  “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen,we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,”said Peter Kahn,a senior author of the study. 5.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? Pocket parks are now popular. Wild nature is hard to find in cities. Many cities are overpopulated. People enjoy living close to nature. 6.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? To compare different types of park-goers. To explain why the park attracts tourists. To analyze the main features of the park. To find patterns in the visitors' summaries. 7.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. Young people are too busy to interact with nature. The same nature experience takes different forms. The nature language enhances work performance. 8.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? Language study. Environmental conservation. Public education. Intercultural communication. Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2023·浙江1月卷) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.I was on my way to 　1　 a unique honey harvest.Here,in south-east Ethiopia,hand-carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 　2　.Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 　3　.  I 　4　 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.Ziyad began preparations.He 　5　 handfuls of damp tree leaves,wrapped them with string,and 　6　 the bunch to create a torch (火把).Then,with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,Ziyad began 　7　.He stopped every few minutes to move the 　8　 higher up the tree trunk.  　9　,Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.Sitting on a branch,he 　10　 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.Suddenly,Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds,he'd 　11　 the trunk and was back on the ground.  It was too 　12　 to collect the honey.A cool summer had delayed 　13　.Baby bees were still in the honeycombs (蜂巢).The adult bees were 　14　 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.He had to wait for the right 　15　 to go back up.  1.share collect celebrate witness 2.courtyards fields treetops caves 3.urgent dangerous expensive pointless 4.searched recognised followed invited 5.gathered cleaned dropped checked 6.shook lit measured decorated 7.jumping talking testing climbing 8.hives leaves rope honey 9.Finally Surprisingly Naturally Immediately 10.backed dived shouted inched 11.cut off gone up slid down held onto 12.high early fast close 13.hatching training sowing trading 14.curious hungry bored angry 15.moment equipment person order Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) (2019·全国Ⅰ卷) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 1.　　　　　　　　　 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2.　　　　　　　　　 (poor) studied;however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.  Modern methods 3.　　　　　　　　　 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 4.　　　　　　　　　 (perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5.　　　　　　　　　 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a 6.　　　　　　　　　 (believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 7.　　　　　　　　　 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 8.　　　　　　　　 (high) than they actually are.Of 9. 　　　　　　　　nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining,six 10.　　　　　　　　　 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.  词汇积累 A ①派生词:reoccupy (re+occupy) v.再占领 ②名词动化:sight n.视力;视觉→v.看到 B ①熟词生义:balloon n.(热)气球(熟义) v.激增(生义) ②合成词:wellness (well+ness) n.健康 完形填空 ①let out发出(叫声等) ②派生词:handful (hand+ful) n.少数,少量;一把(的量) 语法填空 派生词:subpopulation (sub+population) n.亚种群 难句剖析 B Naming each nature experience creates a usable language,which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. 本句是主从复合句。句中Naming each nature experience为动名词短语作主语;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the activities。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $多学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZxXk.com○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 主题语境提分练二十八 【.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国灰熊从多变少的发展过程，和在法律的 保护下，灰熊数量有所增长，并探讨了针对灰熊的应对保护方案。 l.A[细节理解题。根据第一段的Grizzly bears.occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche( 灰熊在美国人心中占据了一个矛盾的角落)和we revere(敬畏)them even as they give us frightening dreams..their answer is often the same:a grizzly bear'可知，人们对灰熊既怕又爱。由此可见，人们对它 们的感情很复杂，故A项正确。] 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段的nl975,grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.(1975年，灰熊被列入《美国濒危动物法案》中。)和第四段的Today,there are about2,000or more grizz小y bears in the U.S.(如今，美国大约有2000或更多头灰熊。)可以推断，灰熊数量增长与 1975年以来的法律保护息息相关，故C项正确。] 3.A[细节理解题。根据题干可以迅速锁定第四段。根据第四段中的Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.(由于来自保护组织的诉讼，这两次尝试都被推翻了。)可知， 动物保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类及野生动物管理局将灰熊从《美国濒危动物法案》中除名，故 A项正确。] 4.B[推理判断题。根据最后一段的If people remove food and attractants..is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away..(如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和营地拿走，灰熊经过时通常会平安 无事。在鸡舍和其他农场动物住所周围安装电围栏对赶走灰熊也非常有效。)可以推断，人类可以 和灰熊和谐共处，故B项正确。] 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描 述向读者介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护大自然。 5.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find以及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild'可知，在城市里很难接触 大自然。] 6.D [推理判断题。根据第四段第一句话Across the320 submissions,a pattern of categories.began to emerge.可知，研究人员对参与者提交的信息进行分类主要是为了在游客的总结材料中找到分类 的模式。] 独家授权侵权必究· 学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 7.C推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying.a fountain on their lunch break可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可 以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。] 8.B[细节理解题。根据最后一段Kahn的话And for that to happen,we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it'可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护环境。] Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者前往Harenna Forest,跟随着养蜂人 Ziyad目睹了一次收蜂蜜的过程。 1.D[根据下文内容可知，作者见证了蜂蜜丰收的全过程，故选D。witness见证，目击，当场看到”。] 2.C[根据下文的Ziyad got close to the hive which was around20 metres above the ground'和Ziyad escaped from the tree'可知，养蜂人Ziyad爬到了离地面约20米的高处，故可知蜂箱应该在树顶故选 C。courtyard庭院，院子，field田；地；领域”cave山洞。] 3.B[由下文内容可知Ziyad要爬到距离地面约20米的树顶采蜂蜜，结合下文的kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree可知，这个行为时常是危险的故选B。urgent紧急的”pointless“无意义 的。] 4.C[由下文内容可知，作者目睹了Ziyad采蜜的过程，故作者跟着养蜂人Ziyad经过草地并进入茂 密的丛林去收获蜂蜜，故选C。search?搜寻”recognise认出。] 5.A[根据下文的wrapped them with string,.and the bunch to create a torch(火把)可知， Ziyad把一把把潮湿的树叶收集起来，再用绳子绑成一束做成火把，故选A。] 6.B[结合上题解析及下文的blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive'可知，Ziyad点燃 了树叶做成的火把，还把烟吹进了蜂箱里的小洞中，故选B。shake摇动，light点燃measure测量 ;decorate装饰'。] 7.D[结合下文内容可知，Ziyad爬到离地面约20米的树顶；再由上文的with one end of a rope..trunk of a tree'可知，Ziyad已经做好开始爬树的准备了，故选D。] 8.C根据上题解析可知，Ziyad是绑着绳子沿着树干向上爬的，因此他每隔几分钟停一下，拉一下绳 子以方便继续往上爬，故选C。] 9.A[由空后的Ziyad got close to the hive'可知，最终，Ziyad靠近了蜂箱，故选A。naturally“自然地 ;immediately立即，马上”。] 10.D[由上文可知，收获蜂蜜是一个艰难且危险的工作，而且是在离地面约20米的树顶上作业，因此 Ziyad应该是小v心翼翼地朝着蜂箱缓慢移动，故选D。inch(使朝某方向)谨慎移动”。] ·独家授权侵权必究 色学科网书城▣ 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxXK.c0m● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 1l.C[由空后的was back on the ground'可知，Ziyad从树上回到地面上了，故选C。cut off切掉”go up“向上slide down滑下来hold onto握住”。] 12.B[由下文的“A cool summer..still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).可知，幼蜂还在蜂巢里，没有出去采 蜜，因此那时还不是收获蜂蜜的时候，故选B。] 13.A[结合空前、空后内容可知，现在收获蜂蜜太早了，幼蜂还没长到足够大出去采蜜，因此可推测 是气候原因延迟了蜜蜂的孵化，故选A。hatch“孵化;train训练”sow播种”trade做买卖”。] 14.D[由上文的Suddenly,Ziyad let out a sharp cry.”及语境可知，Ziyad把火把的烟吹到蜂巢里的小 洞中这个行为惹恼了成年的蜜蜂，因此成年蜜蜂一直在攻击他，故选D。curious'好奇的”。] 15.A[根据第13题的解析可知，现在不是收获蜂蜜的时机，还需等待一个合适的时候，故选A。 equipment设备”order订单；命令”。] Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。 1.that[考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内 容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用hat引导。] 2.poorly[考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。.] 3.of/for[考查介词。a method of/for doing sth做某事的方法。] 4.to perform[考查非谓语动词。此处是主语+be计acd.+不定式结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动 含义。] 5.have reported[考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语in recent years可判断用现在完成时； 主语为复数形式。] 6.belief[考查词性转换。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法， 信念)。] 7.noting [考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth通过做某事 回应。] 8.higher[考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。] 9.the[考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词he。] l0.are[考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代six polar bear subpopulations,谓语动词应用复数。] 独家授权侵权必究·