必修一Unit 2词汇精讲-高中英语2025沪教版

必修1Unit2词汇精讲 Unit 2 destination 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):目的地；终点 We reached our destination,,tired and hungry.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：destined:命中注定的；例句：It seemed that they were destined never to meet again.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：end-point(n.):终点；例句：The bus will take you to the end-point of the line.(来源：韦氏词典)-近义 词：goal(n.):目标；目的地；例句：The goal of our journey is a small village.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：final destination:最终目的地；适用于描述行程结束地的场景，语法上fnal为形容词修饰destination;例句： The ship's final destination is New York.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：travel destination:旅游目的地；适用于旅游 相关场景，语法上travel为名词作定语修饰destination;例句：Paris is a populartravel destination.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词词义：原题：The (de stination)of our trip is a beautiful island.(答案：destination) (来源：教材) million 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):百万；大量；无数 The city has a population of two mil训ion.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(ad):百万的；无数的 Millions of people watched the game on TV.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：millions:用于表示不确定的数量；例句：Millions of stars twinkled in the sky..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：zi训ion:名词，庞大的数字；例句：He has zillions of friends.(来源：韦氏大词典)；近义词：myriad:名词， 无数；大量；例句：There are a myriad of reasons why he left.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：millions of::数百万的：适用于描述数量非常多的场景，语法上后接可数名词复数；例句：Millions of birds migrate south every winter..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：a million:一百万；适用于描述确切数量的场景，语法上 可作主语、宾语等；例句：A million is a big number..(来源：朗文当代英语词典)；短语3：one in a mill训ion:百里挑 的人或物；适用于形容人或事物非常出众的场景，语法上可作表语等；例句：She's one in a mil训ion.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察mili训on的用法，前面有具体数字时，mion用单数：无具体数字时用millions of;原题： (million)oftourists visit the Great Wal∥every year..(答案：Millions):考法2：作名词，考察其修饰可数名词复数；原题：The project cost several (million)dollars..(答案：million) (来源：教材) amazing 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):惊人的；了不起的：令人大为惊奇的 t's amazing how quickly people adapt..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■动词：amaze;例句：The news really amazed me.(来源：柯林斯词典)名词：amazement:例句：To my amazement, he passed the exam easily.(来源：牛津高阶词典)副词：amazingly;例句：He can run amazingly fast.(来源：朗 文当代英语词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：astonishing:形容词，惊人的；例句：The results are astonishing.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：wonderful: 形容词，精彩的；例句：Ne had a wonderful time.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：marvelous:形容词，了不起的； 例句：The view is marvelous.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：an amazing experience:一次惊人的经历；适用于描述个人经历的场景，语法上an后接可数名词单数；例 句：Climbing the mountain was an amazing experience..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：amazing news:惊人的消 息；适用于描述消息的场景，语法上news是不可数名词；例句：The amazing news spread quickly.(来源：朗文当 代英语词典)；短语3：look amazing:看起来棒极了；适用于描述外观的场景，语法上look是系动词，后接形容词； 例句：You look amazing in that dress.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其在系表结构中的用法：原题：The performance was so_ (amaze)that the audience gave a big hand.(答案：amazing)考法2：考察由amazing派生的副词amazingly的用法；原题：He plays the piano._(amazing) well.(答案：amazingly) (来源：教材) historic [词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj.):有历史意义的；历史上著名的 The historic meeting between the two leaders took place in1972.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：history;例句：m very interested in history..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；形容词：historical:有关历史的；用于 描述与历史研究、记载相关的事物：例句：Ne visited many historical sites..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：historical:形容词，与历史相关的；例句：Ne should take a historical view of the issue.(来源：牛津高阶词 典)；近义词：momentous:形容词，重大的、有重要意义的；例句：The momentous decision was made after long discussions.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：historic event::有历史意义的事件；适用于描述重大历史时刻的场景，语法上event为可数名词；例句：The landing on the moon was a historic event..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：historic building:历史建筑；适用于描述具有 历史价值的建筑物的场景，语法上building为可数名词；例句：This city has many historic buildings.(来源：柯林斯词 典)；短语3：historic moment:历史性时刻；适用于描述具有重大历史意义瞬间的场景，语法上moment为可数名词： 例句：That was a historic moment for our country.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语4：historic site:历史遗迹；适用于描 述有历史价值地点的场景，语法上site为可数名词；例句：The Great Wall is a famous historic site.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察historic与historical的词义辨析：原题：The」 (historic/historical)novel is based on real-life events. 案：historical):考法2：作定语修饰名词：原题：The (historic)battle changed the course of the war.(答案：historic) (来源：教材) site [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):地点；场所；位置 This is the site of our new school..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):网站；网址 Please visit our website at the following site.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):使坐落在；为…选址 The factory is to be sited near the river.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：site;动词：site;现在分词：siting;过去式和过去分词：sited;例句：They are siting a new hospital in this area.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：location(n.):地点；位置；例句：The location of the house is very good..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义 词：place(n.):地方；例句：This is a nice place to visit.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语I:construction site:建筑工地；适用于描述建筑施工的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：There are many workers on the construction site.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：historic site:历史遗迹；适用于描述具有历史意义 的地方，语法上为名词短语；例句：The Great Wall is a famous historic site.（来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：site of sth.: …的地点；适用于说明事物所在的位置，语法上of后接具体事物；例句：The site of the battle is well-known.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：website site:网站；适用于网络相关场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：I often visit this website site for information.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式；原题：There are several historical_ (ste)in this city..(答案：stes)考法2：考察 固定搭配construction site;原题：Many accidents happened on the_ _last year.(答案：construction site) (来源：教材) former 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj.):以前的，从前的 My former teacher is very kind.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj):前者的 Of swimming and football.I prefer the former..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：formerness;例句：e often talk about his formerness.(来源：自创，因该词生僻权威例句难寻)副词：formerly: 例句：He was formerly a doctor..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：previous(ad.):以前的；例句：I met him on a previous occasion.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：past (ad.):过去的；例句：In the past few years,great changes have taken place..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：the former...the latter..:前者…后者…；适用于对比两个事物或人的场景，语法上前者用former,后 者用latter;例句：I have two books,the former is interesting and the latter is boring.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2： former president:前总统；适用于描述政治人物的场景，语法上former修饰名词；例句：The former president made a speech.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配the fommer..the latter..:原题：There are two solutions,,the is more practical and the is more theoretical..(答案：former:latter) (来源：教材) basis 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):基础；根据；基点 We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) ■(n)(n.):方式；准则：原则 We offer technical support on a contract basis.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：basic;例句：Ne should master basic skills.(来源：牛津高阶词典)副词：basically;例句：Basically,lagree with you.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：foundation:名词，基础；例句：Good health is the foundation of success.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： ground:名词，根据；例句：There is no ground for his complaint..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：on the basis of::根据；基于：适用于描述依据某种信息或情况做判断、决策等场景，语法上of后接依据的 内容；例句：We made the plan on the basis of the survey.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：ona.basis:以…方 式；按…原则；适用于描述做事的方式或原则，语法上basis前可加不同形容词；例句：Ne work on a part-time basis.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化；原题：Ne should build our knowledge on different_ (bass).(答案：bases)考法2：考 察固定搭配on the basis of:原题：You should make a decision the infommation you've got..(答案：on the basis of) (来源：教材) poetry 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):诗歌；诗集；诗作；诗歌艺术 He wrote some very fine poetry.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：poet(诗人)；例句：He is a famous poet.(来源：柯林斯词典)；名词：poem(诗)；例句：I like this poem very much.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：verse:名词，诗歌；例句：He recited some verses from the Bible.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：yric: 名词，抒情诗；例句：The lyrics of this song are very beautiful..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：lyric poetry:抒情诗；适用于文学领域描述诗歌类型的场景，语法上yric作定语修饰poetry:例句：Lyric poetry often expresses personal feelings.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：epic poetry:史诗；适用于文学领域描述 诗歌类型的场景，语法上epic作定语修饰poetry:例句：Epic poetry usually tells heroic stories.(来源：柯林斯词 典)；短语3：narrative poetry:叙事诗；适用于文学领域描述诗歌类型的场景，语法上narrative作定语修饰poetry; 例句：Narrative poetry can tell a long-story.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的用法；原题： (poetry)can express people's emotions.(答案：Poetry) (来源：教材) court 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):法庭；法院；审判庭 The case will be heard in court next week..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):球场 They were playing tennis on the court.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):试图取悦：讨好；求爱 He courted her for over a year.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：courthouse(法院大楼)；例句：The courthouse is located in the center of the city.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词： courted(过去式和过去分词，规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：He courted her successfully.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 动词：courting(现在分词，直接加-ing);例句：He is courting a young lady.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：tribunal::名词，法庭；例句：The tribunal will make a decision soon.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：arena: 名词，竞技场；例句：The athletes entered the arena.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：go to court:起诉；打官司；适用于法律纠纷场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：They decided to go to court to settle the dispute.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：out of court:庭外；适用于法律案件处理场景，语法上常作 状语；例句：The two parties reached an agreement out of court.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：court sb.'s favour: 讨好某人；适用于描述人际关系场景，语法上后接某人；例句：He tried to court the boss's favour..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式：原题：There are several_ (cout)in this city..（答案：courts)考法2：作动词，考 察其现在分词形式：原题：Hes _(cout)the famous actress..(答案：courting) (来源：教材) nowadays 词义与词性 ■(adv.)现今；现在；目前 Nowadays,.more and more people are using smartphones..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■该词无常见词性转换 同近义词 ■-同义词：currently(adv.):目前；当前；例句：Currently,the company is facing some financial difficulties.(来源：牛津高 阶词典)-同义词：presently(acw.):现在；目前；例句：Presently,.she is working on a new project..(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：nowadays+句子：用于引出现在的情况；适用于描述当下的现象、趋势等场景，语法上后接完整句子；例 句：Nowadays,people are more concerned about their health.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作副词，在句子中作时间状语：原题：」 (nowadays),many young people preferonline shopping.(Nowadays) (来源：教材) originally 词义与词性 ■(adv.)(adw.):起初；原来；最初 Originally,we had planned a picnic,but it rained.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):独创地；新颖地 The building was designed originally.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-形容词：original(最初的；原始的；独创的)例句：The original plan was better..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-名词： origin(起源；源头；起因)例句：The origin of this custom is unknown.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：initially(adw.):最初；起初例句：Initially,I didn't like the idea.（来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：primarily (adw.):主要地；起初例句：Primarily,,he worked as a teacher..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：originally from:原本来自：适用于描述某人或某物最初的来源地，语法上from后接地点；例句：He is originally from Paris.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：originally designed:最初设计；适用于描述物品或方案等最初的设计情况， 语法上designed是过去分词形式；例句：The house was originally designed by a famous architect..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察副词词义；原题：（某地模拟题） (originally),the project was supposed to be finished in a month.(答案： Originally) (来源：教材) defence 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):防御；保卫；保护 The country needs a strong system of defence..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):辩护；辩解 His defence of the policy was unconvincing.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):防守；防卫 Our tea m's defence is very strong.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 词性转换 ■动词：defend;例句：The soldiers defended their country bravely.(来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词：defensive;例句： He became defensive when I asked him about his past.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：protection(n.):保护；同义词；近义词：guard(n.):守卫；同义词；近义词：safeguard(n.):保障；同 义词；例句：The new law is a safeguard for consumers.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in defence of:为…辩护；为…保卫；适用于为某人、某事辩护或保卫的场景，语法上后接被辩护或保 卫的对象；例句：The lawyer spoke in defence of his client.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：national defence:国防： 适用于描述国家防御体系的场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：A country must invest in national defence.(来源：朗文 当代高级英语词典)短语3：defence against:.防御…；抵御…；适用于描述防御某种危险或攻击的场景，语法 上against后接防御的对象；例句：Ne need to improve our defences against terrorism.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4： put up a defence:进行辩护；进行防御；适用于在法律、战争等场景中进行辩护或防御的情况，语法上put up后接 a defence;例句：The accused put up a strong defence.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词形式：原题：The city's (defence),were strengthened before the war:.(答案：defences)考法2：考 察固定搭配in defence of:原题：He spoke in._ _(defence)of his actions.(答案：defence) (来源：教材) memory [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):记忆力：记性 She has a good memory for names.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):记忆；回忆 The photograph evoked happy memories.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):纪念 A service was held in memory of the dead.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：memorable;值得纪念的，难忘的；例句：It was a memorable day in my life.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词： memorize;记住，熟记；例句：He can memorize long poems quickly.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：recollection(n.):回忆，记忆；-近义词：remembrance(n.):回忆，纪念；-近义词：reminiscence(n.):回忆，往事 固定搭配 ■短语1：in memory of::为了纪念…；适用于纪念某人或某事的场景，语法上后接纪念的对象；例句：This monument is in memory of the heroes..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：have a good/bad memory for:对…有好/差的记忆力； 适用于描述记忆力情况的场景，语法上for后接记忆的内容：例句：She has a good memory for faces.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)短语3：memory loss:失忆；适用于描述健康问题的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：He suffered from memory loss after the accident..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：commit to memory:记住，牢记；适用于学习或需要记 住信息的场景，语法上to后接要记住的内容；例句：You should commit these words to memory..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配in memory of:原题：This park was built_(me mory)of the great writer.(答案：in memory of)考 法2：考察名词单复数：原题：Many happy._(memory)came to my mind when I saw the old photo.(答案：memories) (来源：教材) contribute [词义与词性 ■(.)(v.):捐献；捐赠；捐助 He contributed a lot of money to the charity.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):是…的原因之一 Stress can contribute to heart disease.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):撰稿；投稿 She regularly contributes to the magazine..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：contribution;例句：Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment..(来源：柯林斯词典) 形容词：contributory;例句：Smoking is a contributory factor to many diseases.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分 词：contributing;例句：The new policy is contributing to the economic growth.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过 去分词：contributed;例句：He has contributed a lot to the project..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：donate:动词，捐赠；例句：He donated a lot of books to the library.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：gve: 动词，给予；例句：She gave some money to the poor.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：ofer:动词，提供；例句：They offered to contribute to the cause.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：contribute to:是…的原因之一；促成；适用于描述事物间因果关系的场景，语法上to后接导致的结 果；例句：Lack of exercise can contribute to feelings of depression.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：contribute sth. tosh:向…捐赠；为…做贡献；适用于描述捐赠物品或为某事物付出努力的场景，语法上to后接接受捐赠 或努力的对象；例句：She contributed some money to the relief fund..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：contribute to a magazine/newspaper:向杂志报纸投稿；适用于描述写作投稿的场景，语法上to后接投稿的对象；例句：He often contributes to the local newspaper..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式；原题：He_(contribute),to the newspaper last year..(答案：contributed) 考法2：考察固定搭配contribute to;原题：Exercise_(contribute)to good health.(答案：contributes) (来源：教材) view 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):看法，观点 What's your view on this issue?(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):视野，视线 The house has a wonderful view of the sea.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):风景，景色 The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking..(来源：朗文当代英语词典) ■()(V.):看待，考虑 Ve should view this problem from different angles.(来源：牛津高阶词典)