必修一Unit 1词汇精讲-高中英语2025沪教版

必修1Unit1词汇精讲 Unit 1 digital [词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):数字信息系统的；数码的；数字式的 Many people prefer digital cameras to film ones.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):数字显示的 The digitalclock shows the exact time..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：digit;表示数字；例句：The number123 contains three digits.(来源：柯林斯词典)副词：digitally:意为以数 字方式；例句：The image is stored digitally.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：numeric(adj):数字的；例句：The numeric code is used for security..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词： electronic(adj.):电子的；例句：Electronic devices are becoming more and more popular.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：digital camera:数码相机；适用于描述摄影设备的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：I bought a new digital camera last week..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：digital age:数字时代：适用于描述时代背景的场景，语法上为名 词短语；例句：Ne are living in the digital age.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：digital signature:数字签名；适用于网 络安全和文件签署场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：A digital signature ensures the authenticity of the document.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：digital divide:数字鸿沟；适用于描述不同群体在数字技术使用上差距的场景，语法上 为名词短语；例句：The government is trying to bridge the digital divide.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其用法：原题：nthe (digital))word,infommation spreads very fast..(答案：digital)考法2：考 察固定搭配digital age;原题：We are now in the ,(答案：digital age) (来源：教材) typical 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj.):典型的；有代表性的 This is a typical example of his work.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj.):一贯的；平常的 It was typical of him to arrive late.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：typically;例句：Typically,he would arrive late and make some excuses.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：typicality: 例句：The typicality of this case makes it a good study object.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：characteristic(adj.):典型的；有代表性的；例句：These are the characteristic features of his paintings.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：representative(adj.):典型的；有代表性的；例句：This survey is representative of the views of the whole country..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be typical of:是…的典型特征；适用于描述某人或某物具有某种典型特点的场景，语法上of后接具有该 典型特征的对象；例句：It is typical of him to forget his keys.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：a typical example:一 个典型的例子；适用于举例说明的场景，语法上可在句子中作主语、宾语等；例句：This picture is a typical example of his early style.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词词义；原题：This kind of behavior is (typical)of him..(答案：typical)考法2：考察固定搭配be typical of;原题：His rudeness is his character.(答案：typical of) (来源：教材) event 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):事件；大事 The election was the main event of2020.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):(体育运动的)比赛项目 Which events have you entered fo?(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：eventful;有许多重要事情的，多变故的；例句：It was an eventful year for everyone.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：occurrence(n.):事件；发生的事；例：Complaints seemed a normal occurrence there.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)-近义词：incident(n.):发生的事；（尤指）暴力事件，冲突；例句：The most serious incident occurred last week.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in the event:结果；到头来；适用于描述事情最终的发展情况，后可接完整句子；例句：In the event, they won by a large margin.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：in the event of::万一；倘若；适用于假设某种情 况发生的场景，of后接名词或名词短语；例句：In the event of rain,the party will be held indoors..(来源：牛津 高阶词典)短语3：at all events:无论如何；不管怎样；适用于表达决心或强调不受其他因素影响，可单独 使用；例句：At all events,we should try our best.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：event after event:接二连三的事 件；适用于描述事情一件接着一件发生的场景；例句：Event after event made him feel exhausted.(来源：自编合理例句) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式；原题：Many important._ (event)took place last year..(答案：events)考法2：考察固定 搭配in the event of:原题： fire,please follow the emergency procedures.(答案：In the event of) (来源：教材) midnight 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):午夜，子夜 We arrived home at midnight..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：midnight;例句：We took a midnight train to the city.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：twelve at night::名词，午夜；例句：The party ended at twelve at night..(来源：英语常用表达词典)-近义 词：small hours:名词，凌晨例句：He often works in the small hours.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：at midnight::在午夜；适用于描述时间点的场景，语法上at后接具体时间；例句：The clock strikes twelve at midnight.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：burn the midnight oil:开夜车，熬夜；适用于描述学习或工作场景，语 法上直接使用；例句：He burned the midnight oil to finish his paper..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配at midnight:原题：Ne should go to bed (at midnight/in midnight).(答案：at midnight) (来源：教材) routine [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):常规；惯例；例行公事 t's just a part of my daily routine.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(ad.)(ad):常规的；例行的；日常的 a routine medical examination(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■副词：routinely:有规律地；例句：The machines are routinely maintained.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：custom(n.):风俗；习惯；例句：It is their custom to wear black at funerals.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义 词：habit(n.):习惯；例句：He has a habit of biting his nails..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：daily routine:日常惯例；适用于描述每天固定行为的场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：I have a very busy daily routine.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：break the routine:打破常规；适用于想要改变平常做事方式的场景， 语法上break后接routine;例句：Let's break the routine and do something different.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其常见用法；原题：Ne follow the same_ every moming.（答案：routine)考法2：作形容词，修 饰名词；原题：They carried out a_ _inspection..(答案：routine） (来源教材) onto 词义与词性 ■(prep.(prep.):到…上；向…之上 The cat jumped onto the table..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(prep.)(prep.):对…了解；掌握 I"m onto your little game..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■onto为介词，一般无词性转换形式。 同近义词 ■-近义词：onto(prep.):到…之上例句：He climbed on to the roof.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：upon(prep.): 到…上例句：She laid the book upon the table.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：jump onto:跳到·上；适用于描述动作从一处到另一高处的场景，语法上onto后接物体；例句：The monkey jumped onto the branch.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：get onto::登上；开始做；适用于描述登上交通工具或开始 从事某事的场景；例句：Ne got onto the train..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：fall onto:落到…上；适用于描述物体 掉落的场景；例句：Leaves fell onto the ground..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察onto的基本用法，表示到…上；原题：The boy fel (onto/into)the ground.(答案：onto) (来源：教材) death 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):死；死亡；去世；逝世 His death was a great shock to us.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■动词：die;例句：He died in a car accident last year.(来源：柯林斯词典)形容词：dead;例句：The fish is dead (来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词：dying:例句：The dying man was taken to the hospital.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：demise(n.):死亡；逝世；例句：The demise of the old man left the family in mourning..(来源：韦氏词 典)-近义词：expiration(n.):死亡；期满；例句：His expiration was a great loss to the community.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：put to death:处死；适用于法律或暴力处死某人的场景，语法上to后接被处死的对象；例句：The criminal was put to death.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：death penalty:死刑；适用于法律场景，语法上为名词短语；例句： The country has abolished the death penalty.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：meet one's death:死亡；适用于描述某人 死亡的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：He met his death in a fire.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：death rate:死亡率； 适用于统计或医学场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：The death rate has decreased in recent years.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的用法；原题：Hs_ (die)made us very sad..(答案：death)考法2：考察固定搭配out to death:原 题：The king decided to_ the traitor .(答案：put:to;death) (来源：教材) scene 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):(戏剧、电影等的)一场，场景 The scene in the restaurant was very lively.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):(事件发生的)地点，现场 The police arrived at the scene of the accident quickly.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):景色，景象 The beautiful mountain scene attracted many tourists..(来源：朗文当代词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：scenic;意为风景优美的；例句：Ne took a scenic drive through the countryside.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：sight:名词，景象；例句：The sight of the sunset is really beautiful.(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：view: 名词，景色；例句：The view from the top of the hill is amazing..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：on the scene:在现场；适用于描述某人到达事件发生地点的场景，语法上常作状语；例句：The ambulance was on the scene within minutes..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：behind the scenes:在幕后；适用于描述不为人知 的幕后活动，语法上常作状语；例句：He works behind the scenes to make the event a success.(来源：朗文当代词 典)短语3：set the scene:为…做准备；适用于描述为某事创造条件的场景，语法上后接for短语：例句：The chairman's speech set the scene for the discussion.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的单复数形式；原题：There are many beautiful. (scene)in this area.(答案：scenes)考法2：考察 固定搭配“on the scene”;原题：The reporter was soon (on the scene)after the accident happened. (答案：on the scene) (来源：教材) earn 词义与词性 ■()(V.):赚得；挣得；获（利） He eams a high salary as a software engineer.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):赢得；博得；获得 His hard work earned him a promotion.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：earnings;指通过工作等赚得的钱；例句：His earnings have increased this year..(来源：柯林斯词典)；形容 词：earned;表示通过努力获得的；例句：He has an earned reputation for honesty.(来源：韦氏词典)；动词现在分 词：earning;例句：She is earning a living by teaching.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；动词过去式和过去分词：earned; 例句：He earned a lot of money last year.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：gain(v.):获得：得到；通过努力或奋斗获得某种东西；例句：You will gain experience through this job.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)：-近义词：make(v.):挣得；口语中常用的表达；例句：He makes a good living by writing.(来 源：柯林斯词典)：-近义词：win(v.):赢得；常指赢得比赛、奖项等；例句：She won the first prize in the competition (来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：earn one's living:谋生；适用于描述某人获取生活收入的方式，语法上后接谋生的手段；例句：He earns his living as a taxi driver.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：earn interest:赚取利息；适用于金融场景，指存款等获得利 息；例句：Your savings will earn interest in the bank..(来源：柯林斯词典)：短语3：earn respect:赢得尊重；适用于 描述某人因某种行为或品质获得他人尊重的场景；例句：His bravery earned him the respect of his classmates.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)；短语4：earn money:赚钱；适用于描述获取金钱的行为，是常用的表达；例句：She earns money by doing part-time jobs.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式；原题：He_ (eam)a lot of money last month.(答案：earned);考法 2:考察固定搭配earn one's living:原题：My father. as a fishemman.(答案：earns his living) (来源：教材) unique [词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj):唯一的，独一无二的 The custom is unique to the region..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj.):独特的，特有的 Each person's fingerprints are unique.(来源：柯林斯词典) [词性转换 ■名词：uniqueness;例句：The uniqueness of this culture attracts many tourists.(来源：朗文当代词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：peculiar(adj.):独特的，特有的；例句：This region has its peculiar customs.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近 义词：distinctive(ad.):有特色的，与众不同的；例句：This wine has a distinctive flavor.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be unique to:为…所特有；适用于描述某事物是特定群体、地区等独有的场景，语法上to后接特定的对象；例 句：This kind of plant is unique to this island.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：a unique opportunity:一个独特的机会；适用 于描述机会难得的场景，语法上是名词短语；例句：You have a unique opportunity to study abroad.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词用法；原题：This is a experience that1'I never forget..(答案：unique) (来源：教材) type 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):类型：种类；品种 There are severa/types of roses in the garden.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):打字 She can type80 words per minute.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：type;形容词：ypical;副词：typically;动词过去式I过去分词：yped(规则变化，直接加-d);动词现在分 词：typing(去e加-ing);例句：This is a typical example of his work.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：kind:名词，种类；例句：There are all kinds of books in the library.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：sort: 名词，种类；例句：hat sort of music do you like?(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：type of::…的类型；适用于描述事物所属类型的场景，语法上of后接所属的事物；例句：Nhat type of car do you want?(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：typein:输入；适用于在电子设备上输入信息的场景，语法上in后接输入的内容； 例句：Please type in your password.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：blood type:血型；适用于医学或生物相关场景，是固 定名词短语；例句：What's your blood type?(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：type out::全部打出；适用于将文字全部通过 打字输出的场景，语法上out后可接要打出的内容；例句：Type out this report as soon as possible.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：She (ype)the letter yesterday..(答案typed)考法2：考察名词单复数变 化；原题：There are many different. type)of animals in the zoo..（答案：types) (来源：教材) button [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):纽扣；扣子 One of the buttons has come off my coat..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):按钮：按键 Press the button to start the machine..(来源：剑桥词典) ■(.)(v.):扣上；扣紧 Button your coat up.It's cold outside.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 名词：button;动词：button;形容词：buttoned;例句：He wore a buttoned-up shirt.(来源：韦氏词典)动词现在 分词：buttoning;例句：She is buttoning her blouse..(来源：朗文当代词典)动词过去式和过去分词：buttoned;例 句：He buttoned his jacket quickly.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：knob(n.):旋钮；按钮；通常用于指较大的、可旋转的按钮；例句：Turn the knob to adjust the volume. (来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：switch(n.):开关；也可用于控制电器等的开启和关闭；例句：Flip the switch to turn on the light.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：button up:扣上；系上；适用于描述扣衣服纽扣的场景，语法上up为副词；例句：Button up your overcoat,. it's freezing..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：press the button:按下按钮；适用于操作机器、设备等场景，语法上 button前可用定冠词the;例句：Press the button to open the door..(来源：剑桥词典)短语3：button one's lip:闭 嘴；适用于让某人停止说话的场景；例句：Button your lip and listen to me.(来源：韦氏词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式；原题：There are several. (button)on this shirt.(答案：buttons)考法2：作动词， 考察其现在分词形式：原题：She is (button)her dress.(答案：buttoning) (来源：教材) select 词义与词性 ■(.)(v.):选择；挑选；选拔 They selected a diamond engagement ring.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(ad):精选的；挑选出来的；优等的 This is a select group of students..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：selection;动词后加-ion变为名词；例句：The selection of books in this library is excellent..(来源：牛津高阶 词典)形容词：selective;动词后加-ive变为形容词；例句：She is very selective about her friends.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：choose:动词，选择；例句：You can choose any book you like.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：pick:动 词，挑选；例句：Pick the best one.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：select from:从…中挑选；适用于描述从多个选项中进行选择的场景，语法上from后接选择的范围；例句： You can select a book from the bookshelf..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：select for:.为…挑选；适用于描述为某个目 的挑选人或物的场景，语法上for后接挑选的目的；例句：They selected a team for the competition.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式：原题：He (select)a gift for his mother yesterday.(答案selected)考 法2：考察固定搭配select from;原题：%can_ some pictures these albums..(答案：select:fom) (来源：教材) organization [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):组织：机构；团体 The Red Cross is an intemational organization..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):安排；筹备；组织 The organization of the party took a lot of time and effor.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)（n.):系统；编排；条理 The report lacks organization.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■-动词：organize;例句：He organized a party last week.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-形容词：organized;例句：She is an organized person.(来源：柯林斯词典)-形容词：organizational;例句：The company has some organizational problems..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：association:名词，协会；社团；词性：n.;中文含义：协会；社团；例句：The local photography association held an exhibition.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：group:名词，组；团体；词性：n;中文含义：组；团体；例 句：A group of students went on a trip.(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：institution:名词，机构；制度；词性：n.;中 文含义：机构；制度；例句：The university is a well-known institution.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：non-profit organization:非营利组织；适用于描述公益性质的组织场景，语法上直接使用；例句：The non -profit organization helps the poor.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：in organization:在组织方面；适用于描述某个 方面的情况，语法上常作状语；例句：In organization,this project needs improvement..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3： student organization:学生组织；适用于校园场景，语法上直接使用；例句：The student organization held a meeting yesterday..（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：business organization:商业组织；适用于商业领域场景，语法上直接使 用；例句：A good business organization can make more profits.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：There are many (organiz2 ation)in this city.(答案：organizations)考法2：考察 由organization派生的动词形式；原题：He_(organization)an event successfully last year.(答案：organized) (来源：教材) respond 词义与词性 ■(.)(v.):回答；回应；作出反应 She responded to my letter with a phone call.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):作出反应；响应 The patient is responding wel∥to treatment.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：response;例句：I got no response to my letter.(来源：柯林斯词典)形容词：responsive;例句：The government should be more responsive to the needs of the people.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式、过去分词：responded;例 句：He responded quickly to the question.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：responding;例句：She is responding to the email now.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词