七年级上册Unit 3-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

七年级上册Unit3词汇精讲 Unit 3 building 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):建筑物；房屋；楼房 The new building will be located downtown..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■动词：build;过去式和过去分词：buit:现在分词：building;例句：They built a house by the lake last year.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：edifice:名词，大厦；大楼例句：The ancient edifice sti圳I stands today..(来源：韦氏大词典)-近义词： structure:名词，建筑物：结构例句：The bridge is a remarkable structure.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：office building:办公楼；适用于描述办公场所的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：I work in an office building. (来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：public building:公共建筑；适用于描述供公众使用的建筑场景，语法上直接使用； 例句：The library is a public building.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：building materials:建筑材料；适用于建筑相 关场景，语法上用复数形式；例句：They need a lot of building materials for the project.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短 语4：high-rise building:高层建筑；适用于描述城市建筑场景，语法上直接使用；例句：High-rise buildings are common in big cities.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：There are many tall (building)in the city.(答案：buildings)》 (来源：教材) hall [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):门厅；大厅；礼堂；过道 Ve waited in the hall for the teacher.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):(大楼内的)走廊 The classrooms are along the hall.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：halls;例句：There are several halls in this building.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：foyer::名词，门厅；例句：Ne met in the foyer of the theater..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-同义词：lobby:名 词，大厅；例句：The hotel lobby is very spacious..(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：city hall:市政厅；适用于描述政府办公建筑场景，语法上直接使用：例句：The meeting will be held at the city hall..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：concert hall:音乐厅；适用于音乐演出相关场景，语法上直 接使用；例句：I went to the concert hall to listen to a concert.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：dining hall:食堂；适 用于学校、工厂等集体用餐场景，语法上直接使用；例句：e have lunch in the dining hall.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：There are two. hal0 in our school.(答案：halls) (来源：教材) gym 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):健身房；体育馆 I go to the gym twice a week.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：gyms;规则是直接加-s;例句：There are several gyms in this area.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：gymnasium:名词，健身房；体育馆；例句：The school has a large gymnasium.(来源：牛津高阶词典)- 近义词：fitness center::名词，健身中心；例句：He works out at the fitness center every day.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：go to the gym:去健身房；适用于描述去健身场所的场景，语法上to后接具体的健身房；例句：She goes to the gym to exercise regularly..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：in the gym:在健身房里；适用于描述在健身房内发生的 动作或状态，语法上in后接表示健身房的名词；例句：Ne played basketball in the gym yesterday..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：There are two. (gym)in our school..(答案：gyms) (来源：教材) across 词义与词性 ■(prep.)(prep.):从物体的表面穿过 He walked across the street..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):从表面穿过，在对面 Can you swim across?(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：acrosswise(横地；斜地)；例句：He placed the board acrosswise.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：through:介词，从物体内部穿过；例句：The river runs through the city.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词： over:介词，跨越；例句：The plane flew over the mountains.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：across from:在…对面；适用于描述位置关系的场景，语法上from后接相对的地点；例句：The bank is across from the supermarket..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：get across:使理解；适用于表达传递信息让人理解的 场景，语法上常以人作主语；例句：I can't get my meaning across to him.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察across作介词的用法；原题：He swam_the lake.(答案：across (来源：教材) field 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):田地：牧场 Cows were grazing in the fields.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):领域；范围；专业 This scientist is famous in the field of physics.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):(比赛的)场地；运动场 The players ran onto the field.(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■形容词：field-related;与特定领域相关的；例句：He has a lot of field-related experience.(来源：自编合理例句) 动词：feld;处理，应对；例句：The secretary fielded all the phone calls.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：area:名词，领域；例句：This area of study is very important.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：domain: 名词，领域；范围；例句：This problem belongs to the domain of science.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in the field:在实地；在现场：适用于描述实际工作、研究等在具体场景进行的情况，语法上常作状语；例 句：The researchers spent months in the field.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：field of study:研究领域；适用于描 述学术研究的范围，语法上of后接研究的具体内容；例句：My field of study is biology.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语 3:play the field:不专一；滥交；适用于描述感情或社交方面不专注的情况，语法上作谓语；例句：He's playing the field and not serious about any girl.（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：field event:田赛项目；适用于体育赛事场景，语 法上作名词短语；例句：The long-jump is a field event..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词词义“领域”；原题：He is an expert in the -(field)of medicine..(答案：ield)考法2：考察固定搭配 “in the field”:原题：Scientists often work to collect data.(答案：in the field) (来源：教材) special 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):特殊的，特别的 This is a specialoccasion..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):专门的，专用的 We have a special tool for this job..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):特价，特刊，特别节目 The store is having a special this week.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■副词：specially;例句：The cake was specially made for you.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：specialness;例句：The specialness of this moment will always be remembered.(来源：网络) 同近义词 ■同义词：especial(adj.):特别的，特殊的：近义词：particular(adj.):特定的，特殊的；近义词：specific(adj.):明确的，特殊的 固定搭配 ■短语1：special occasion:特殊场合；适用于描述特定的、不寻常的场景，语法上occasion为名词；例句：Ne only wear these clothes on special occasions.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：special offer:特价优惠；适用于商业促销 场景，语法上ofer为名词；例句：This special offer is valid until the end of the month.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语 3:special treatment::特殊待遇；适用于描述区别于普通情况的对待场景，语法上treatment为名词；例句：VP customers get special treatment at this hotel.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：be special to sb.:对某人有特殊意义；适 用于表达情感关联的场景，语法上to后接人；例句：This place is special to me because of the memories.(来源：网络) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词原级用法；原题：This is a_day for me..(答案：special)考法2：考察固定搭配special offer:原 题：They have a_ ,on these shoes.(答案：special offer) (来源：教材) large 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj):大的；大规模的：大量的 This is a large house..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):(数量、程度等)大的 A large number of people came to the party.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-副词：largely(主要地；在很大程度上)例句：The success of the project was largely due to his efforts.(来源： 牛津高阶词典)-比较级：larger(规则变化，直接加-er)例句：This apple is larger than that one.(来源：柯林 斯词典)-最高级：largest(规则变化，直接加-est)例句：The elephant is the largest land animal..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：big(adj.):大的；例句：He has a big house..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-同义词：great(adj):巨大的；例 句：He made a great progress.(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：huge(ad.):庞大的；例句：The whale is a huge animal..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a large number of:许多；大量；适用于修饰可数名词复数，语法上后接可数名词复数；例句：A large number of books are on the shelf.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：at large:逍遥法外；一般的；整个的；适用于 描述人未被抓获或用于描述整体情况，语法上可作后置定语或状语；例句：The suspect is stil圳l at large.(来源：柯 林斯词典)短语3：in large part:在很大程度上；适用于说明事情的主要原因或程度，语法上作状语；例句：The problem was caused in large part by his carelessness..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：by and large:大体上；总的 来说；适用于对事物进行总体评价，语法上作状语；例句：By andlarge,the project was a success.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词的比较级形式：原题：This box is (large)than that one.(答案：larger)考法2：考察固定搭配“a large number of”;原题： students are interested in this activity..(答案：A large number of) (来源：教材) office 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):办公室；办公楼；办事处；营业所；诊所 1 Ibe at the office until6 o'clock.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):(政府部门的)部，局，厅 The Foreign Office deals with international relations.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):官职；职务；职责 He held the office of mayor for two terms.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：official;例句：The official report was released yesterday.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：workplace:名词，工作场所；例句：Many people prefer a quiet workplace.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： bureau:名词，局；司；处；例句：The travel bureau can help you plan your trip..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in the office:在办公室里；适用于描述人或物所在位置的场景，语法上in后接表示地点的名词；例句：He is in the office now.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：office building:办公楼；适用于描述建筑用途的场景，语法上 ofce作定语修饰building;例句：The office building is very modern.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：post office:邮局； 适用于描述公共服务场所的场景，语法上post作定语修饰office;例句：I went to the post office to send a letter.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：office hours:办公时间；适用于描述工作时间的场景，语法上office作定语修饰hours; 例句：Our office hours are from9amto5pm.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：There are many。. (office)in this building.(答案：offices) (来源：教材) important 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj.):重要的；有重大影响的；有巨大价值的 t's important to wear a seat-belt in the car.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：importance;例句：We should understand the importance of protecting the environment.(来源：朗文当代英语 词典)；副词：importantly;例句：Importantly,we need to make a plan first.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：significant(adj.,重要的)；例句：This is a significant event in history..（来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词： crucial(adj.,至关重要的)；例句：Hard work is crucial for success.(来源：剑桥词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be important to sb.:对某人重要；适用于描述人或事物对某人的重要性，语法上to后接人；例句：Family is important to me..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：be important for sth.:对某事重要；适用于描述事物对某个事情的 重要性，语法上for后接事情；例句：Exercise is important for your health.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)：短语3：Itis important to do sth.:做某事是重要的：适用于表达做某事的重要性，语法上it作形式主语，真正主语是to do sth.: 例句：It is important to protect the environment..(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语4：It is important for sb.to do sth.:对某 人来说做某事是重要的；适用于强调某人做某事的重要性，语法上for后接人；例句：It is important for students to study hard.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词作表语；原题：（某地模拟题）Health is (importa nce).(答案：important):考法2：考察固定句型t is important for sb.to do sth.:原题：（某地模拟题）It is important」 (leam)English well.(答案：for;to learn) (来源：教材) notice [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):布告；通知：公告 There's a notice on the board saying the library is closed today..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):注意：察觉 He took no notice of what I said.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) ■()(V.):注意到；察觉到 Did you notice anyone leaving the building?(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：notice;形容词：noticeable;副词：noticeably;动词：notice;例句：There has been a noticeable improvement in his work.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：observe:动词，注意到；例句：We should observe the traffic rules.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)近义词： remark:动词，注意到；例句：He remarked that it was getting late.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：detect:动词，察 觉；例句：The police detected a smell of gas in the house.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：take notice ofs:注意到；适用于提醒关注某事的场景，语法上of后接注意的对象；例句：You should take notice of the traffic signs.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：give notice:通知；适用于告知他人某事的场景，语法上 后可接通知的内容；例句：You must give notice if you want to leave the job.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：at short notice:提前很短时间通知；适用于描述紧急通知的场景；例句：He had to leave at short notice.(来源：朗文当代 英语词典)短语4：come into notice:.引起注意；适用于描述事物开始被关注的场景；例句：The new building has come into notice.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：1 (notice)a strange noise in the room just now.(答案：noticed)考法2： 考察固定搭配take notice of:原题：You should」 your mistakes.(答案：take notice of) (来源：教材) smart 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj):聪明的，伶俐的 He's a smart boy who learns quickly.(来源：剑桥词典) ■(ad)(adj.):衣着得体的，整洁的 You look very smart in that suit.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj):时髦的，新潮的 The restaurant has a smart atmosphere..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：smartly;例句：He was dressed smartly in a suit..(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：smartness;例句：The smartness of his appearance impressed everyone.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：clever:形容词，聪明的；例句：She's a clever girl.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：intelligent::形容词，聪 明的，有才智的；例句：An intelligent person can solve problems quickly.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：stylish:形 容词，时髦的；例句：She always wears stylish clothes.(来源：剑桥词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be smart about sth.:对某事精明：适用于描述人在处理事情时的明智态度，语法上about后接事情：例句：You should be smart about your investments.(来源：剑桥词典)短语2：look smart::看上去整洁漂亮；适用于描述人的外 貌形象，语法上无特殊要求；例句：You''ll look smart in this new dress.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：smart move:明 智的举动：适用于评价某种行为，语法上作名词短语；例句：Taking an umbrella was a smart move.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词原级用法：原题：He心a_ (smat)student..(答案：smat)考法2：考察比较级形式；原题：This boy is _(smat)than that one.(答案：smarter) (来源：教材) locker 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):(学校、体育馆等供个人使用的)锁柜，储物柜 Students can store their books in lockers.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■动词：lock;例句：Please lock the locker when you leave.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：cabinet:名词，橱柜；例句：The kitchen cabinet is very large.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；-近义词：closet:: 名词，壁橱；例句：She put her clothes in the closet.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：locker room:更衣室；适用于描述学校、体育馆等场所的更衣室场景，语法上room为名词；例句：The athletes changed their clothes in the locker room.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语2：rent a locker:租一个储物柜；适用于需要临时存 放物品而租赁储物柜的场景，语法上rent为动词：例句：You can rent a locker at the railway station.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的单复数形式：原题：There are many. ((locker)in the school gym.(答案：lockers) (来源：教材) drawer 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):抽屉 He put the letter in the top drawer..(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■名词复数：drawers;例句：The chest of drawers has sisⅸdrawers.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：compartment:名词，隔层；例句：The glove compartment in the car is a small drawer.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：top drawer:最上层的抽屉；适用于描述抽屉位置的场景，语法上top为前置定语修饰drawer;例句：I keep my important papers in the top drawer..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：bottom drawer::最底层的抽屉；适用于描述抽屉位置 的场景，语法上bottom为前置定语修饰drawer;例句：She found the old photo in the bottom drawer..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的复数形式；原题：There are two】 (drawer)in this desk.(答案：drawers》 (来源：教材) corner 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):角落；墙角；壁角 Thee's a crack in the corner of the ceiling.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):街角；转弯处 Meet me at the corner of Main Street and Elm Street..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):地区；区域 This corner of the country is very beautiful..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):使走投无路；逼入绝境 The police cornered the suspect in an alley.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：cornered;意为走投无路的；陷入困境的；例句：The cornered animal lashed out..(来源：牛津高阶词典)； 现在分词：cornering;例句：The driver is cornering carefully..(来源：柯林斯词典)：过去式和过去分词：cornered; 例句：The thief was cornered by the police.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：angle:名词，角；角度；例句：The roof is at a steep angle.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：nook:名 词，角落；隐蔽处；例句：She found a quiet nook to read in.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in the corner:在角落里面；适用于描述物体在室内角落的场景，语法上in后接表示角落的地点：例句： There is a table in the comner of the room.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：on the corner:在街角；适用于描述物体在 街道拐角处的场景，语法上on后接表示街角的地点；例句：There is a shop on the corner..(来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：around the corner:即将来临；在附近；适用于描述时间或地点临近的场景；例句：Spring is around the corner.. (来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：cut corners::走捷径；偷工减料；适用于描述做事不按常规，想节省时间或精力的 场景；例句：You shouldn't cut corners when you're building a house.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式：原题：There are four (comer)in a square.(答案：corners)考法2：考察固定 搭配around the corner:原题：The new year is just.一the _.(答案：around;corner) (来源：教材) bookcase [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):书架；书柜；书橱 There are many books in the bookcase.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 ■复数形式：bookcases;规则为一般名词变复数，直接加-s;例句：There are two bookcases in the study.(来源：牛 津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：bookshelf:名词，书架；例句：The bookshelf is full of interesting books.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a glass--fronted bookcase:玻璃门书橱；适用于描述书橱外观特征的场景，语法上用形容词修饰bookcase; 例句：He has a glass-fronted bookcase in his room.(来源：剑桥词典)；短语2：built.-in bookcase:嵌入式书架； 适用于描述书架安装方式的场景，语法上用过去分词短语修饰bookcase;例句：The built-in bookcase saves a lot of space.(来源：韦氏大词典) 典型考法