七年级上册StarterUnit 2-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

七年级上册Starter Unit2词汇精进 Starter Unit 2 bottle 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):瓶子 He picked up the bottle and sniffed it.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):一瓶（的量） We drank a whole bottle of wine.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):把…装入瓶中 They bottle the water locally.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：bottles;例句：There are several bottles on the table.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：bottling;例 句：They are bottling the beer..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过去分词：bottled;例句：The milk was bottled yesterday.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：flask:名词，烧瓶；例句：He carried a flask of water on his hike.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：vial:名 词，小瓶；例句：The medicine comes in a small vial..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a bottle of:一瓶；适用于描述数量为一瓶的液体物品场景，语法上后接液体类名词；例句：'d like a bottle of milk.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：bottle up:抑制；适用于描述抑制情感等场景，语法上后接情感类名词；例句：Don't bottle up your feelings.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：plastic bottle:塑料瓶；适用于描述瓶子材质的场景，语法上是名 词修饰名词；例句：Please recycle the plastic bottle..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：drinking bottle:饮用瓶；适用于描 述用于喝水的瓶子场景，语法上是名词修饰名词；例句：She always takes a drinking bottle with her..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：There are two__(bottle)of juice on the table.(答案：bottles)考法2：作动词，考 察其过去式形式；原题：They_(bottle)the fruit juice last week.(答案：bottled) (来源：教材) eraser 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):橡皮擦；黑板擦 Please pass me the eraser.(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■动词：erase;擦除，抹去；例句：You can erase the writing on the blackboard.(来源：柯林斯词典)：形容词：erasable; 可擦除的；例句：This marker has erasable ink.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：rubber:名词，橡皮擦；例句：Use a rubber to remove the pencil marks.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词： cleaner:名词，清洁工具；例句：This eraser is a good cleaner for pencil mistakes.(来源：韦氏词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：an eraser::一块橡皮擦；适用于描述橡皮擦数量的场景，语法上an用于元音音素开头的可数名词单 数前；例句：I need an eraser to correct my mistakes.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：pencil eraser:铅笔橡 皮擦；适用于区分不同类型橡皮擦的场景，语法上pencil作定语修饰eraser;例句：A pencil eraser can easily remove pencil marks..(来源：韦氏词典)；短语3：eraser shavings:橡皮擦屑；适用于描述使用橡皮擦后产生的碎 屑的场景，语法上eraser作定语修饰shavings;例句：Don't forget to clean up the eraser shavings.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：I have two (eraser).(答案：erasers) (来源：教材) key 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):钥匙 I turned the key in the lock and opened the door..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.(n.):答案 I've lost the key to the grammar exercises..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj):关键的；重要的 This is a key point in our decision-ma king.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：keyed;例句：The system is keyed to our needs..(来源：韦氏大词典)动词：key:例句：Key in your password. (来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式I过去分词：keyed;例句：She keyed the data into the computer..(来源：柯林斯 词典)动词现在分词：keying;例句：He is keying in the information.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：crucial:形容词，关键的；例句：Hard work is crucial to success.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：essential: 形容词，必不可少的；例句：Good communication is essential in a relationship.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：key to:…的关键；适用于描述解决问题、达成目标等的关键因素，语法上to后接相关事物；例句：The key to success is hard work.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：key in:输入；适用于在电子设备上输入信息的场景， 语法上后接输入的内容；例句：Key in your PIN number.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：turn the key:转动钥匙；适 用于开锁、启动车辆等场景，语法上后可接锁、车辆等；例句：Turn the key and start the engine.(来源：韦氏大词 典)短语4：key point:关键点；适用于讨论、分析等场景，语法上可单独使用或后接其他内容；例句：Let's focus on the key points..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其复数形式；原题：There are many一key)on the table.(答案：keys)考法2：考察形容词词义； 原题：Exercise is a.__(key)part of a healthy lifestyle.(答案：key) (来源：教材) thing 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):东西；物品 The table was covered with all sorts of things.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):事件；情形 How's things?(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):行为：举止 That was a really stupid thing to do.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：things(无此用法，thing本身为名词)；例句：Things are getting better..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；复数： things;例句：'ve got a few things to do..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：object::名词，物体；例句：The object in the corner looked like a statue.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词： item:名词，物品；例句：Each item has a price tag.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：all things considered:.从各方面考虑；适用于全面评价事物的场景，语法上可单独使用；例句：All things considered,we had a great time.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：one-thing..another..:一方面…另一方面… ;适用于阐述不同方面情况的场景，语法上前后连接不同观点；例句：One thing,it's expensive;:another,,it's not very practical.（来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语3：for one thing..for another.:一则…二则…；适用于列举理由的场 景，语法上连接两个理由；例句：For one thing,I have no time;:for another,I have no money.(来源：柯林斯词典)： 短语4：do one's thing:做自己擅长的事；适用于描述个人发挥特长的场景，语法上主语为某人；例句：Let him do his thing.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词复数形式：原题：There are many_ (thing)in the box.(答案：things):考法2：考察固定搭配all things considered:原题： our plan is a good one.(答案：All things considered) (来源：教材) need 词义与词性 ■()(v.):需要；必需 You need a lot of patience to teach young children.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(modal v.)(modal v.):需要；有必要 You neednt come so early.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):需要；必要；需求 The hotel has a great need for more staff.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：needy:贫困的，有需要的；例句：The organization helps needy families..(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词： neediness:贫困，需要；例句：The neediness of the area is evident..(来源：韦氏词典)动词过去式/过去分词： needed(规则变化，直接加-ed):例句：I needed your help yesterday.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：needing; 例句：The house is needing some repairs.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：require:动词，需要；例句：The job requires a lot of skills..(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：want:动词， 需要；例句：You want a good rest..(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：demand:动词，需要；例句：This work demands your full attention.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：need to do sth:需要做某事；适用于描述某人有做某事的必要性，语法上to后接动词原形：例句：You need to study hard for the exam.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：need sb..to do sth.:需要某人做某事；适用于描 述要求他人做某事的场景，语法上sb.后接to和动词原形；例句：I need you to help me with this problem.(来源： 牛津高阶词典)短语3：in need ofs:需要；适用于描述某人或某物缺乏某种东西的场景，语法上of后接需要的 事物；例句：The house is in need of repair.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：need not do sth.:不需要做某事；适 用于表达没有必要做某事的场景，语法上not后接动词原形；例句：You need not worry about it..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作实义动词，考察其第三人称单数形式；原题：He_一need)to go to school on time.(答案：needs)考法2： 考察need作为情态动词的用法，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句；原题：1_need)to finish the work today??(答案：Need:need)考法3：考察固定搭配in need of:原题：The old man is (need)medical help.(答案：in need of) (来源：教材)