八年级上册Unit 2-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

8年级上册Unt2词汇精讲 Unit 2 pack [词义与词性 ■(.)(v.):收拾（行李）；装（箱）；打包 I haven't packed yet.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):包装；把…装箱 They packed the books into boxes..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):包；盒；包裹 a pack of cigarettes(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■名词：packer;;指包装工人；例句：The packer wrapped the goods carefully.(来源：韦氏词典)动词过去式和过去 分词：packed;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：She packed her clothes last night.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在 分词：packing;直接加-ing;例句：He is packing his suitcase..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：bundle:名词，捆，束；例句：She tied the newspapers into a bundle.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：package: 动词，把…打包；例句：Package the presents neatly.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：packinto:塞进；挤进；适用于描述将物品或人塞进有限空间的场景，语法上into后接塞进的空间；例句：We all packed into the small car..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：pack up:收拾行李；整理；适用于旅行、搬家等需要收拾物 品的场景；例句：lt's time to pack up and go home.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：a pack of:一包；一盒；适用于描述成包 的物品，语法上后接可数名词复数；例句：a pack of matches(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：pack with:用…装满；适用 于描述装满容器的场景，语法上with后接装满的物品；例句：The suitcase was packed with clothes..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He (pack)his things and left yesterday.(答案：packed)考法2：考察固 定搭配pack into;原题：They all their belongings one suitcase.(答案：packed;into) (来源：教材) sort 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):种类；类别；品种 What sort of music do you like?(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):分类；整理；把…分类 She spent the afternoon sorting through her old papers.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：sort;形容词：sortable;例句：These items are sortable by size.(来源：网络例句)动词过去式/过去分词： sorted(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：He sorted the books on the shelf.(来源：朗文当代词典)动词现在分词： sorting(直接加-ing);例句：I'm sorting my clothes now.(来源：网络例句) 同近义词 ■近义词：kind:名词，种类；例句：There are all kinds of animals in the zoo.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：type:名 词，类型；例句：This type of car is very popular.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：classify:动词，分类；例句：Scientists classify animals into different groups.(来源：朗文当代词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：sort of:有几分；有点；适用于描述程度或性质上有一定相似性的场景，语法上后接形容词或动词；例句：I sort of like this song.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：sort out:整理；解决；适用于整理物品或解决问题的场景，语 法上out后可接整理或解决的对象；例句：You should sort out your room.(来源：朗文当代词典)短语3：a sort of: 一种；某种；适用于描述事物的类别，语法上后接名词；例句：He has a sort of talent for painting.(来源：柯林斯词 典)短语4：sort through:仔细翻阅；分类查找；适用于查找物品或信息的场景，语法上through后接查找的对象： 例句：She sorted through the pile of letters.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式；原题：There are many different. (sot)of fruits in the market..(答案：sots)考法 2:作动词，考察其过去式：原题：She(sort)out her problems last week..(答案：sorted) (来源：教材) arrival [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):到达；抵达；到来；来临 Ve were waiting for her arrival..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):到达者；抵达物 New arrivals are given a medical examination.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■动词：arrive;例句：Ne will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.(来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词：arriving;例句：The arriving passengers were tired.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：coming:名词，到来；来临；例句：We are looking forward to the coming of the new year.(来源：牛津高阶 词典)近义词：approach:名词，临近；例句：The approach of winter brings cold weather..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：on one's arrival:某人一到达；适用于描述到达某个地点的场景，语法上on后接某人；例句：On my arrival home,I saw a strange car outside.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：upon arrival::一到达就；适用于描述到达后紧接 着发生的事情，语法上后接句子；例句：Upon arrival,.we were greeted by the host..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：the arrival of:…的到来；适用于描述某个事物的到来，语法上of后接事物：例句：The arrival of the new technology has changed our lives.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词形式原题：We are excited about the】 (arrive)of our friends.(答案：arrival)考法2：考察固定搭配 on one's arrival:原题： _my arival at the airport,.I found my friend waiting for me.(答案：On) (来源：教材) yet 词义与词性 ■(adv)(adw.):用于否定句和疑问句，意为“还；尚：仍然” I haven't finished my homework yet..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv)(adw.):用于疑问句，意为“已经” Has he come yet?(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adv.)(aw.):用于描述未来可能发生的情况，意为“迟早；总有一天” We may win yet.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(conj.)(conj):然而；但是 He's rich,yet he's not happy..(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■yet本身无常见词性转换形式 同近义词 ■-近义词：stil(adv.):还；仍然；例句：He still loves her..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：already(adv.):已经； 例句：She has already left..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：not yet::还没有；适用于否定句中表达某事未完成的场景，语法上用于现在完成时等时态；例句：m not ready yet..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：as yet:到目前为止；常用于书面语中描述事情的进展情况，语法 上可置于句首或句中；例句：As yet,.we have no evidence.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：and yet:然而；但是； 适用于引出与前文相反的情况，语法上连接两个句子；例句：He worked hard,and yet he failed..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句：原题：一Have you found your book」 ?-Not 一.（答案：yet;yet)考 法2：作连词，表转折；原题：He is very old,_ _he is still very strong.(答案：yet) (来源：教材) invite 词义与词性 ■(.)(v.):邀请；招待；请；常见用法invite sb.to some place We invited her to our party..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):请求；征求；常见用法invite sb.to do sth. They invited us to make suggestions.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(.)(v.):招致；导致；引起 The comment invited a storm of protest..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：invitation:例句：Ne received an invitation to the wedding..(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词： invited;例句：She was invited to the concert last week..(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典)动词现在分词：inviting;:例 句：The inviting smell of fresh bread came from the kitchen.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：ask:动词，邀请；例句：He asked me to go to the movies.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：request:动词， 邀请；请求；例句：They requested her presence at the meeting.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：summon:动词，召 唤；邀请；例句：The teacher summoned the students to the office.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：invite sb.to sth:邀请某人参加某事；适用于邀请他人参加活动、聚会等场景，语法上to后接活动、聚会 等名称；例句：He invited me to his birthday party.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：invite sb.to do sth.:邀请某人做 某事；适用于邀请他人做具体事情的场景，语法上to后接动词原形；例句：She invited me to go shopping with her. (来源：朗文当代高级英语词典)短语3：invite sb.over:邀请某人到家里来；适用于邀请他人到自己家的场景；例 句：Ne should invite them over for dinner.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：invite trouble:自找麻烦；适用于描述某人 的行为会导致不良后果的场景；例句：You're just inviting trouble if you do that..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式；原题：She_(invite)her friends to her birthday party last year.(答案：invited)考 法2：考察固定搭配invite sb..to do sth.;原题：Our teacher often._(inte)us to take part in different activities.(答案： invites) (来源：教材) biscuit 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):饼干；小点心 I like to have a biscuit with my coffee..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■复数形式：biscuits:用于表示多个饼干的情况：例句：She bought two packets of biscuits.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：cookie:名词，饼干；例句：I baked some cookies for the party.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；-近义词：cracker:: 名词，薄脆饼干；例句：He ate a cracker with cheese.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a packet of biscuits:一包饼干；适用于描述购买或使用饼干的数量场景，语法上packet用单数形式；例句： I bought a packet of biscuits on my way home.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：biscuit tin:饼干罐；适用于放置饼干 的容器场景，语法上tin用单数形式；例句：Put the biscuits in the biscuit tin.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：There are many (biscuit)in the box..(答案：biscuits) (来源：教材) borrow [词义与词性 ■()(V.):借；借用；借入 Can I borrow your pen??(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：borrower::借用人；例句：The borrower must return the book on time..(来源：柯林斯词典)；动词过去式和过 去分词：borrowed(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：She borrowed a dress for the party last week.(来源：牛津高阶 词典)；动词现在分词：borrowing(直接加-ing):例句：He is borrowing some money from his friend.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：lend:动词，借出；例句：He lent me his car..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；同义词：take:动词，拿走；此处指 借走；例句：'ll take this book for a few days.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：borrow sth.from sb.:从某人处借某物；适用于描述借东西的场景，语法上rom后接借出物品的人；例句： |borrowed a story-book from my classmate..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：borrow against:以…为抵押借款； 适用于金融借贷场景，语法上against后接抵押物；例句：He borrowed against his house.(来源：柯林斯词典)：短 语3：borrow time:拖延时间；适用于描述拖延情况的场景，无特殊语法要求；例句：They are just borrowing time. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：1 (boow)a book from the library yesterday..(答案：borrowed);考法2： 考察固定搭配borrow sth.from sb.:原题：You can _some books__the library.(答案：borrow:from) (来源：教材) add 词义与词性 ■()(.)：增加：增添；添加 Add some sugar to the coffee.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):补充说；继续说 “And don't be late,.”she added.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：addition;例句：The addition of a balcony made the house more valuable..(来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词： additional;;例句：They need additional help.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：adding;例句：He is adding numbers. (来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词：added;例句：She added some details to the story..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：increase:动词，增加；例句：The company plans to increase its production.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义 词：append::动词，附加；例句：Please append your signature to the document..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：add.to.:把…加到…上；适用于描述添加物品的场景，语法上to后接添加的对象；例句：Add some milk to the flour..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：add up:加起来；适用于计算总和的场景；例句：Add up these numbers..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：add up to:总计达；意味着；适用于描述数量总和或结果的场景；例句：The costs add up to$100.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：add that.:补充说…；适用于在陈述后进一步说明的场景； 例句：He added that he would come later.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He」 ,(add)some salt to the soup just now.(答案added)考法2：考察固 定搭配add.to.:原题：You should some water the juice.(答案：add:to) (来源：教材) hunt 词义与词性 ■()(v.):打猎；搜寻；追捕 They often hunt deer in the forest..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):打猎；搜寻 The police are on the hunt for the suspect.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：hunter;猎人；例句：The hunter shot a rabbit.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)动词现在分词：hunting;例句：He is hunting for a job.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词：hunted;例句：They hunted wild animals last year.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：search:动词，搜索；例句：They searched the house for the lost child.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：seek: 动词，寻找；例句：She is seeking a new opportunity.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：track:动词，追踪；例句：The dogs tracked the fox to its den.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：hunt for:寻找：适用于描述寻找物品、人或机会等场景，语法上for后接寻找的对象；例句：She is hunting for her lost ring.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：hunt down:追捕到；适用于描述追捕罪犯或猎物等场景，语法上down后接追捕 的对象；例句：The police finally hunted down the criminal..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：go hunting:去打猎；适用于描述 去进行打猎活动的场景，语法上go后接动名词；例句：They often go hunting on weekends.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：The police are__(hunt)for the missing boy.(答案：hunting)考法2：考 察固定搭配hunt for:原题：/'m my keys..(答案：hunting for) (来源：教材) plan 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):计划；打算；方案 What's your plan for the weekend?(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):计划；打算；谋划 They are planning a trip to Paris.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：plan;动词过去式和过去分词：planned;现在分词：planning;例句：Ne planned a surprise party for her.(来 源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：scheme::名词，计划；方案；例句：They came up with a new scheme to solve the problem.(来源：柯林斯 词典)；近义词：project:名词，计划；项目；例句：The government is carrying out a big project.(来源：牛津高阶 词典)：近义词：design:动词，计划；谋划；例句：He designed a new marketing plan.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：plan to do sth:计划做某事；适用于表达个人或团体的打算，语法上to后接动词原形；例句：I plan to study abroad next year..（来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：make a plan:制定计划；适用于描述规划事情的场景，语法上 make后接a加名词；例句：Let's make a plan for the project.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：plan on sth./doing sth.: 打算做某事；适用于表达有某种打算的场景，语法上on后接名词或动名词；例句：'m planning on buying a new car. (来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语4：plan ahead:提前计划；适用于提醒提前做规划的场景，语法上不需要接宾语；例 句：It's wise to plan ahead.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式；原题：She is_ _(plan))to visit her grandparents.（答案：planning)考法2：考察 固定搭配plan to do sth.:原题：We _(plan)to go to the beach next week.(答案：plan) (来源：教材) treasure 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):金银财宝：珠宝；财富 The pirates buried their treasure on the island.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):珍品；珍贵的东西 This museum has many art treasures.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):珍视；珍爱；重视 I will always treasure the memories of our time together..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：treasure;形容词：treasurable;例句：The old photo is a treasurable keepsake.(来源：韦氏大词典)动词过去式和 过去分词：treasured;.现在分词：treasuring;例句：She is treasuring every moment with her family.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：wealth(n.):财富；例句：He amassed great wealth in his lifetime.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：cherish (v.):珍视；例句：She cherishes the old doll.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：treasure sth.to oneself:把某物秘藏起来；适用于不想让别人知道拥有某物的场景，语法上直接接秘藏的 事物；例句：He treasured the letter to himself.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：treasure sb.jsth.for sth.:因某事而 珍视某人/某物：适用于表达珍视原因的场景，语法上for后接珍视的原因；例句：e treasure him for his kindness. (来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：buried treasure:埋藏的财宝；适用于描述寻宝等场景，语法上为名词短语；例句： The kids dreamed of finding buried treasure.(来源：韦氏大词典)短语4：priceless treasure:无价之宝；适用于 形容极其珍贵物品的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：The crown jewels are priceless treasures.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：She (treasure)the friendship she had with herclassmates.(treasured) 考法2：考察固定搭配treasure sth..for sth.:原题：Ne should_our parents_ their love and care.(答案：treasure: for) (来源：教材) until 词义与词性 ■(prep.)(prep.):直到…为止 He worked until midnight.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(conj)(conj.):直到…时；到…为止 /'ll wa it until you come back.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■无 同近义词 ■-近义词：tl:介词I连词，直到；例句：Ne danced till dawn.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：not.utl:直到…才…；适用于描述某个动作在某个时间点之前未发生，直到该时间点才发生的场 景，语法上not后接动词；例句：I didn't go to bed until I finished my homework..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：until now:直到现在：适用于描述从过去到现在的时间段，常用于现在完成时；例句：Until now,I haven't heard from him (来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察untl引导时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时：原题：（某地模拟题）He didn't leave」 his mother came back.(答案：until) (来源：教材) movie 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):电影；影片 Let's go to the movies..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：movie-related;与电影相关的；例句：He has a lot of movie-related posters.(来源：自编合理例句) 同近义词 ■-同义词：flm(n.):电影；例句：I saw a great film last week.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：picture(n.):电影； 例句：The picture drew large audiences..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：go to the movies:去看电影；适用于表达去电影院看电影的场景，语法上通常用于一般现在时、一般过去时 等时态；例句：Ne often go to the movies on weekends.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：movie theater::电影院；适 用于描述电影播放的场所，语法上可作主语、宾语等；例句：The movie theater is very crowded tonight.(来源：自 编合理例句)短语3：movie star::电影明星；适用于描述从事电影行业的知名人物，语法上可作主语、宾语等；例 句：My favorite movie star is Jackie Chan.(来源：自编合理例句) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化；原题：There are many good (movie)on show this week..(答案：movies) (来源：教材) lift 词义与词性 ■()(v.):举起；抬起；提起 L浒the box carefully.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):撤销；解除 They decided to lift the ban.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):电梯；升降机 Take the浒to the fifth floor.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):搭便车 Can I give you a1t?(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：Iit;动词过去式和过去分词：ited(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：He lifted the heavy stone.(来源：牛津高 阶词典)动词现在分词：lifting(直接加-ing);例句：She is lifting weights.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：raise(v.):举起；提高；近义词：elevate(v.):举起；提升；近义词：hoist(v.):升起；吊起； 固定搭配 ■短语1：lift up:举起；抬起；适用于描述将物体向上移动的场景，语法上up后可接物体；例句：Lift up the child.(来源： 牛津高阶词典)短语2：give sb.aIit:让某人搭便车；适用于提供交通帮助的场景，语法上sb.为搭车的人；例句：He gave me a lift to the station.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：lift off:(火箭等)发射；（飞机等）起飞；适用于航空航天或飞 行场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：The rocket will lift off at9a.m.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：:lift a ban:解除禁令；适用于 政策或规定相关场景，语法上ban为名词；例句：The government decided to lift a ban on imports.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He_一(m)the box just now.(答案ted)考法2：考察固定搭配give sb..a It:原题：Could you me to the hospital?(答案：give:a;it) (来源：教材) dead