七年级下册Unit 7-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

7年级下Unit7词汇精讲 Unit 7 trip [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):旅行；旅游；出行 We went on a day trip to the beach..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V)绊；绊倒 She tripped over a stone and fell.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：trip;动词：trip:现在分词：tripping;过去式和过去分词：tripped;例句：He tripped and hurt his knee.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：journey:名词，旅行；例句：I had a long journey to work this morning.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词： travel::名词，旅行；例句：Travel broadens the mind..(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：tour:名词，旅游；例句：We went on a tour of the city.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：take a trip:去旅行；适用于表达出行旅游的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：We're going to take a trip to Paris (来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语2：business trip:商务旅行；适用于描述工作相关出行场景，语法上直接使用：例句： He's away on a business trip..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语3：trip over::被…绊倒；适用于描述意外绊倒的场 景，语法上over后接绊倒的物体；例句：Be careful not to trip over the rug.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语4：round- trip:往返旅行；适用于描述有去有回的行程，语法上可作定语；例句：I bought a round-tripticket..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式；原题：They went on two trip)last year..(答案：trips)考法2：作动词，考察其 过去式：原题：She_(tip)over a toy and fell.(答案：tripped) (来源：教材) terrible 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj):非常讨厌的；令人极不愉快的；可怕的；危害极大的；造成极大伤害的 The weather was terrible.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):劣质的；劣等的；糟糕的 He's a terrible dancer.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj.)(adj):极度的；极其严重的 I have a terrible headache..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■副词：terribly:非常；很；极；例句：'m terribly sorry..(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：terribleness:可怕；糟糕；例 句：The terribleness of the accident shocked everyone..(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：awful:;形容词，糟糕的；例句：The food was awful..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：horrible:形容词， 可怕的；例句：I had a horrible dream last night.(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：dreadful::形容词，糟糕透顶的；例 句：He's in dreadful trouble..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：feel terrible:.感觉很糟糕；适用于描述人的感受的场景，语法上feel为系动词，后接形容词；例句：Ifeel terrible about what I said.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：terrible headache:剧烈的头痛；适用于描述身体状况的 场景，语法上headache为名词，terrible作前置定语；例句：She has a terrible headache.(来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：terrible weather::糟糕的天气；适用于描述天气状况的场景，语法上weather为名词，terrible作前置定语；例 句：Ne had terrible weather on our holiday.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，修饰名词：考察其在句子中的运用：原题：The movie was so that I fell asleep.(答案：terible) 考法2：考察副词terribly修饰形容词的用法；原题：fm (terrible)sory for being late.(答案：teribly) (来源：教材) remove [词义与词性 ■()(v.):移开；拿开；去掉 Remove your hand from the book.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):去除；消除 This chemical will remove rust..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):免除；解除 The committee removed him from his position..（(来源：朗文当代词典) 词性转换 ■名词：removal::指去除、消除的行为：例句：The removal of the old furniture took a whole day.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 形容词：removable;指可移动的、可去除的；例句：The cover of the book is removable.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过 去式和过去分词：removed;规则变化，直接加-d;例句：He removed his hat when he entered the room.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)动词现在分词：removing;去e加-ing;例句：She is removing the dirt from the table.(来源：朗文当代词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：take away:动词，拿走、移开；例句：Please take away the empty plates.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： eliminate:动词，消除、排除；例句：Ne must eliminate all possible risks.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：eradicate: 动词，根除、消灭；例句：They are working to eradicate poverty.(来源：朗文当代词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：remove.from:把…从…移开；适用于描述物体位置移动的场景，语法上from后接物体原来所在的 位置；例句：Remove the book from the table..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：remove oneself from:使自己离开； 适用于描述人主动离开某个地方或场景的情况；例句：He removed himself from the noisy party..(来源：朗文当代词 典)短语3：remove all doubts:消除所有疑虑；适用于表达消除疑惑的场景；例句：His explanation removed all my doubts.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：remove obstacles:清除障碍；适用于描述克服困难的场景；例句：Ne must remove the obstacles on our way to success.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察动词的过去式形式；原题：He .(remove)his glasses and rubbed his eyes..(答案：removed)考法2：考 察固定搭配remove...from.;原题：Please the books _the desk.(答案：remove:from) (来源：教材) into 词义与词性 ■(prep.)(prep.):到…里面；进入 She walked into the room.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(prep.)(prep.):朝；向 He looked into my eyes.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(prep.)(prep.):变成；转为 Vater can change into ice.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■into为介词，无常见词性转换形式。 同近义词 ■-近义词：inward:副词，向内地；例句：The door opened inward..(来源：韦氏大词典)-近义词：towards:介词， 朝，向；例句：He walked towards the park.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：come into:进入；到达；适用于描述进入某个地方或到达某种状态的场景，语法上后接地点或表示状态的 名词；例句：The train came into the station.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：turn into:变成；成为；适用于描述事 物转变的场景，语法上后接转变后的事物；例句：The frog turned into a prince.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：break into:闯入；破门而入；适用于描述非法进入场所的场景，语法上后接地点；例句：Thieves broke into the house last night..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：divide into:把…分成：适用于描述将整体分割成部分的场景，语法上后接 分割的部分；例句：Let's divide the class into four groups.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察ito表示动作方向的用法：原题：（某地模拟题）He jumped the river to save the boy..(答案：into)考法 2:考察固定搭配change into的用法；原题：The caterpillar will change a butterfly.(答案：into) (来源：教材) plant [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):植物 All plants need light and water.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):种植 She planted some roses in the garden.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：planter;种植者；例句：The planter takes good care of the crops.(来源：韦氏词典)形容词：plantable;可 种植的；例句：This area is plantable for various vegetables..(来源：美国传统词典)动词过去式/过去分词：planted; 规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：They planted trees last spring.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：planting;直接 加-ing;例句：He is planting flowers now.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：vegetable:名词，植物；例句：Vegetables are an important part of our diet..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义 词：grow:动词，种植；例句：They grow wheat on this farm.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：plant sth.in/on.:把某物种植在…；适用于描述种植地点的场景，语法上in/on后接种植的地点；例句： They planted potatoes in the field.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：plant trees:植树；适用于环保、绿化等场景，语 法上trees为名词复数；例句：We should plant trees to protect the environment..(来源：朗文当代英语词典)短语3： plant out::把（幼苗等）移栽到地里；适用于农业种植场景，语法上plant out.后接移栽的植物；例句：You should plant out these seedlings.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：We (plant)a lot of trees last year..(答案：planted)考法2：作名词，考 察单复数形式；原题：There are many kinds of_. (pla nt)in the park.(答案：plants) (来源：教材) machine 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):机器；机械装置 The washing machine has broken down.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):机构；组织 The political machine is very powerful..（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：machine;动词：mechanize;:形容词：mechanical;例句：The factory was mechanized in the1960s.（来源： 牛津高阶词典)例句：He has a mechanical aptitude.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：apparatus:名词，装置、器械；例句：The astronauts have special breathing apparatus.(来源：牛津高 阶词典)近义词：device:名词，装置、设备；例句：This device is used for measuring temperature.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：washing machine:洗衣机；适用于描述家电设备的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：I need to buy a new washing machine.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：vending machine:自动售货机；适用于描述公共场所售卖物品 的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：You can buy a drink from the vending machine.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3： machine gun:机关枪；适用于军事场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：The soldiers were armed with machine guns. (来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：run a machine:操作机器；适用于描述使用机器的场景，语法上run为动词，后接 机器的名称；例句：He can run this machine very well.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：There are many】 (machine)in the factory.(答案：machines) (来源：教材) waste [词义与词性 ■()(v.):浪费；滥用；白费 Don't waste your time on such useless things.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):浪费；滥用；废弃物 The waste from this factory pollutes the river..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):废弃的；无用的；荒芜的 The waste land has been turned into a park.(来源：朗文当代词典) 词性转换 ■名词：waste;形容词：wasteful;;副词：wastefully;动词过去式I过去分词：wasted(规则变化，直接加-d);动词 现在分词：Wasting(直接加-ing):例句：It's wasteful to throw away good food.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：squander:动词，浪费；近义词：misuse:动词，滥用；近义词：discard:动词，丢弃； 固定搭配 ■短语1：waste time/money on sth.:在某事上浪费时间/金钱；适用于描述不合理使用时间或金钱的场景，语法上on 后接浪费的对象；例句：He wasted a lot of time on watching TV.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：waste time/money (in)doing sth.:做某事浪费时间金钱；适用于描述做某事是无意义的场景，语法上in可省略；例句：Don't waste your money(in)buying useless things.(来源：朗文当代词典)短语3：a waste of time/money::浪费时间/金钱；适用 于表达对某行为的看法，语法上of后接被浪费的事物；例句：lt's a waste of time to argue with him.(来源：柯林斯 词典)短语4：waste away::(人或身体某部分)日渐消瘦；适用于描述身体状况变差的场景；例句：He is wasting away from illness.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式；原题：He (waste)a lot of money on clothes last year..(答案：wasted)考法2： 考察固定搭配waste time on sth.;原题：You shouldn't so much time video games.(答案：waste:on) (来源：教材) realize 词义与词性 ■()(v.):认识到；意识到 I didn'trea厄e how late it was..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):实现；将…变为现实 She real佗ed her dream of becoming a doctor.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：realization;例句：The realization of his hope made him very happy.(来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词：realizable: 例句：This goal is realizable with our efforts.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)动词过去式/过去分词：realized(规则变 化，直接加-d);例句：He realized his mistake yesterday..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：realizing(规变化， 直接加-ing);例句：Realizing the danger,he ran away.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：fufl:动词，实现；例句：You should fulfill your promise.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：grasp:动词，理 解，领会；例句：Idon't grasp your meaning.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：realize one's dream:实现某人的梦想；适用于表达达成目标、心愿的场景，语法上one's后接所属人；例句： Nith hard work,he realized his dream of becoming a pilot..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：realize the importance of: 意识到…的重要性；适用于描述对事物重要性的认知场景，语法上of后接重要的事物；例句：Ne should realize the importance of protecting the environment..(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式；原题：He (ealize)he was wrong just now.(答案：realized)考法2：考察固定 搭配realize one's dream;原题：She hopes to_ her one day.(答案：realize:dream) (来源：教材) process [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):过程；进程；工序；制作方法 They decided to streamline the production process..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):处理；加工；审阅；审核 Applications must be processed within a certain time limit.(来源：柯林斯词典) [词性转换 ■名词：procession;动词：processionalize;形容词：processional;:例句：The procession moved slowly through the streets.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：procedure:名词，程序；近义词：course:名词，过程；近义词：treatment:名词，处理；例句：The new treatment process shows great potential..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：process of::…的过程；适用于描述事物发展或进行的过程，语法上of后接具体事物；例句：The process of learning a language takes time.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：process information:处理信息；适用于描述对信，息进 行加工、分析的场景，语法上information为宾语；例句：Our brains can process a lot of information quickly.(来源：柯 林斯词典)短语3：in the process of:在…过程中；适用于描述正在进行某事的场景，语法上of后接动名词或名词； 例句：He is in the process of writing a book.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：process data:处理数据；适用于描述对 数据进行操作的场景，语法上data为宾语；例句：The computer can process large amounts of data.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式：原题：The manufacturing _(process))have been improved.(答案：processes)考 法2：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：The data is_ _(process)now.(答案：being processed) (来源：教材) inside 词义与词性 ■(prep.)(prep.):在…里面；在…内部 Thee's a label inside the box.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):在里面；在内部 Come inside,t's cold outside.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):里面；内部 The inside of the house needs painting.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):里面的；内部的 The inside pages of the newspaper are very interesting..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：insider;指内部的人，知情者；例句：The company's secrets were leaked by an insider..(来源：柯林斯词 典)；形容词：insider(可用于构成复合词)：例句：insider trading(来源：牛津高阶词典)；动词过去式I过去分词： insided(这种用法较少见)；例句：The ball insided the net.(较不常见表达，来源：自定义示例仅为格式展示)；动词 现在分词：insiding(同样较少见)；例句：He is insiding the package.(较不常见表达，来源：自定义示例仅为格式展示) 同近义词 ■-近义词：within:prep.,在…之内；例句：You should finish the work within an hour.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：-近义 词：in:prep.,在…里；例句：There is a book in the bag.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：inside out::彻底地；适用于描述对事物了解透彻或物品被翻过来的场景，语法上常作状语；例句：He knows the subject inside out..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：inside of:在…之内；适用于描述时间或空间范围，语法上 后接时间或空间名词；例句：We'‖finish the job inside of a week.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：on the inside:在 里面；适用于描述位置，语法上可作状语；例句：There's a note on the inside of the envelope.(来源：牛津高阶词 典)；短语4：inside information:内部消息；适用于新闻、商业等场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：The journalist got some inside information about the company.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作介词，考察其用法；原题：Put the toys._ the box.(答案：inside):考法2：作副词，考察其在句子中的位置： 原题：f's raining..Please go _.(答案：inside) (来源：教材) actor 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):男演员 The actor played the king very well.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：actress(女演员)；例句：Many actresses dream of winning an Oscar..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词：act(表演； 行动)；例句：He can act many different roles.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：performer::名词，表演者；例句：The performer on the stage is very talented.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义 词：player:名词，演员；例句：The players in this play are all excellent..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a leading actor:男主角；适用于描述电影、戏剧等中的主要男性角色，语法上直接使用；例句：The leading actor in this film is very handsome.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：a supporting actor:男配角；适用于描述电影、 戏剧等中辅助主要角色的男性角色，语法上直接使用；例句：The supporting actor's performance is also impressive. (来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化；原题：There are many famous_ (actor)in this movie.(答案：actors) (来源：教材) gun 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):枪；炮；猎枪 The police found a gun hidden under the floorboards.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■动词：gun;意为用枪射击；给（发动机）加大油门；例句：He gunned his engine and sped off..(来源：柯林斯词典)： 现在分词：gunning;例句：The hunter was gunning for deer.(来源：韦氏大词典)：过去式和过去分词：gunned:例 句：The gangster gunned down his rival..(来源：朗文当代词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：pistol:名词，手枪；例句：He drew his pistol and aimed at the target..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：rife: 名词，步枪；例句：The soldier carried a rifle on his back.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：gun for sb/sth:伺机伤害某人；竭力谋取某物；适用于描述有目的的攻击或追求场景，语法上for后接目标； 例句：The reporters are gunning for the politician.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：shoot a gun:开枪；适用于描述 使用枪支的场景，语法上shoot为谓语动词；例句：He can shoot a gun accurately.(来源：韦氏大词典)；短语3： hold a gun to sb's head:威胁某人；适用于描述威胁场景，语法上to后接被威胁的对象；例句：The criminal held a gun to the cashier's head.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式；原题：There are two_ (gun)in the box.(答案：guns) (来源：教材) factory 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):工厂；制造厂 ly father works in a car factory.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■复数形式：factories;以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加-es;例句：There are many factories in this area (来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：plant:名词，工厂；侧重于指特定工业生产的工厂；例句：The power plant provides electricity for the whole city.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：mil:名词，工厂；常指用于加工粮食、木材等的工厂；例句：The paper mil训 produces a lot of waste.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：car factory:汽车工厂；适用于描述汽车生产相关场景，语法上为普通名词组合；例句：He got a job in a car factory.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：factory worker:工厂工人；适用于描述工厂从业人员场景，语法上为名词修 饰名词：例句：My uncle is a factory worker..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：factory production:工厂生产；适用于描 述工厂生产活动场景，语法上为名词修饰名词；例句：Factory production has increased this year..(来源：牛津高阶 词典)短语4：factory outlet:.工厂直销店；适用于描述销售工厂产品的场景，语法上为名词组合；例句：Ne bought some cheap clothes at the factory outlet.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的复数形式：原题：There are several (factory)in this industrial park.(答案：factories) (来源：教材) road [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):路；道路；公路 The road branches about a mile from here.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：roadless;无路的；例句：In some roadless areas,people have to travel on foot..(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：path:名词，小路；例句：The path led through the forest.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：street:名词， 街道；例句：There are many shops in the street..(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：way:名词，道路；例句：Can you show me the way to the station？(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：on the road:在路上；适用于描述人或物处于道路表面的场景，语法上on后接road;例句：There are many cars on the road.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：road to:通往…的路；适用于描述方向或途径的场景，语法上 to后接目的地或目标；例句：This is the road to success.(来源：柯林斯词典)：短语3：cross the road:过马路；适 用于描述行人过马路的场景，语法上cross为动词；例句：You must look both ways before you cross the road.(来 源：牛津高阶词典)：短语4：along the road:沿着路；适用于描述移动方向的场景，语法上along后接road;例句： Ne walked along the road.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法