内容正文:
7年级下Unit5词汇精讲
Unit 5
moment
[词义与词性
■(n)(n.):片刻;瞬间;一会儿
/'ll be back in a moment.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):时机;机会
This is a good moment to ask for a raise.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(n)(n.):重要;重大
This is a matter of great moment..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词:momentary::短暂的;瞬间的;例句:There was a momentary silence.(来源:牛津高阶词典);副词:
momentarily:片刻地;马上;例句:He''ll be here momentarily..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:instant:名词,瞬间;例句:He answered the phone in an instant..(来源:牛津高阶词典);近义词:second:
名词,片刻;例句:Nait a second,.please.(来源:柯林斯词典);近义词:minute:名词,一会儿;例句:'ll be with
you in a minute.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
[固定搭配
■短语1:for a moment:片刻;一会儿;适用于描述短暂的时间段,语法上for后接表示一段时间的短语;例句:
Please wait for a moment..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:at the moment:此刻:日前;适用于描述当前的时间状
态,语法上一般用于现在时态;例句:m busy at the moment..(来源:牛津高阶词典):短语3:in a moment::马上;
立刻;适用于描述即将发生的动作,语法上句子常用一般将来时;例句:ll come in a moment..(来源:牛津高阶词
典);短语4:the moment::一…就…;适用于引导时间状语从句,语法上从句用一般现在时表示将来;例句:
The moment I saw him,I recognized him.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察個定搭配“for a moment'”;原题:He stopped and thought for】
(moment).(答案:a moment):考
法2:考察名词单复数:原题:These
_(moment)will be remembered forever..(答案:moments)
(来源:教材)
work
词义与词性
■()(v.):工作;劳动;干活;从事体力(或脑力)劳动
I work from nine to five.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■()(v.):使工作;使干活
He worked his servants hard.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(n)(n.):工作;职业;职责
She started work last Monday..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):作品;著作
This painting is one of his greatest works.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:worker;动词现在分词:working;动词过去式和过去分词:worked:例句:Many workers are on strike.(来源:
牛津高阶词典):He is working hard now..(来源:柯林斯词典)片She worked in a factory last year.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:job:名词,工作;近义词:labor:名词/动词,劳动;近义词:task:名词,任务;例句:Ihave a part-timejob.(来源:
牛津高阶词典):They labor day and night..(来源:柯林斯词典):We have a difficult taskto finish.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:work on:从事;致力于;适用于描述专注于某项工作或任务的场景,语法上on后接工作或任务的对象;例
句:She's working on a new novel..(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:work out:解决;算出;适用于解决问题或计算结
果的场景,语法上为动副结构;例句:Can you work out this math problem?(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:at work:在
工作;在干活;适用于描述某人处于工作状态的场景;例句:He is at work now.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:work
hard:努力工作;适用于描述某人工作努力的场景;例句:You should work hard to achieve your goal.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其现在进行时形式:原题:Look!He_一(work)in the garden..(答案:is working)考法2:考察固
定搭配work on:原题:He_
a new project these days..(答案:is working on)
(来源:教材)
ride
词义与词性
■()(V.):骑;乘坐;驾驭
She rides her bike to school every day.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):骑行;乘坐;旅程
t's a ten-minute bus ride to the park.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:rider;指骑车人、骑手;例句:The rider fell off his horse.(来源:牛津高阶词典)动词过去式:rode;例句:
He rode his bicycle to the supermarket yesterday..(来源:朗文词典)动词过去分词:ridden;例句:She has never
ridden a camel..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:dive(v.):驾驶;开车;近义词:cycle(v.):骑自行车;同义词:mount(v.):骑上;登上
固定搭配
■短语1:ride on:骑在…上;乘坐;适用于描述乘坐交通工具或骑在物体表面的场景,语法上on后接乘坐的交通
工具或物体;例句:We rode on the bus to the mountains..(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:ride out:安然度过;经受住;
适用于描述度过困难、危机等场景;例句:They managed to ride out the storm.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:ride a
bike:骑自行车;适用于描述日常出行方式的场景;例句:I usually ride a bike to work.(来源:朗文词典)短语4:give
sb.a ride:载某人一程;适用于提供交通帮助的场景;例句:Can you give me a ride to the station?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其过去式形式:原题:He_(ide)a horse last weekend.(答案rode)考法2:考察固定搭配giwe
sb.a ride:原题:My friend
me
_to the party last night.(答案:gave;aide)
(来源:教材)
dragon
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):龙
The Chinese dragon is a symbol of good luck.(来源:剑桥词典)
■(n)(n.):悍妇;母夜叉
My boss is a real dragon.(来源:韦氏词典)
词性转换
■形容词:dragon-shaped;意为龙形的;例句:There are many dragon-shaped kites in the park.(来源:自编合理例句)
同近义词
■近义词:serpent:名词,大蛇;蜥蜴;例句:The serpent slithered through the grass.(来源:牛津高阶词典);近义
词:wyvern:名词,双足飞龙;例句:In the legend,the wyvern is a fierce creature..(来源:韦氏词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:dragon boat:龙舟;适用于描述与龙舟相关的场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:Ne watched the dragon boat
race last year..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:dragon dance:舞龙:适用于描述舞龙表演的场景,语法上作名词
短语;例句:The dragon dance is very exciting.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语3:dragon fruit:火龙果;适用于描述水
果的场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:I like to eat dragon fruit.(来源:剑桥词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的单复数形式原题:There are many.
(dragon)in Chinese stories.(答案:dragons)
(来源:教材)
festival
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):节日;节期;喜庆日
We all like the Spring Festival.(来源:外研社《英语》教材)
■(n)(n.):会演;节
a jazz festival(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词:festive(节日的;欢乐的):例句:The town has a festive atmosphere during Christmas.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:holiday:名词,假日;例句:'m going on holiday next week.(来源:牛津高阶词典);近义词:celebration:
名词,庆祝会;例句:We had a big celebration for her birthday..(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:music festival:音乐节;适用于描述音乐活动的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:'m going to a music festival
this summer..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:film festival:电影节;适用于描述电影相关活动的场景,语法上直
接使用;例句:The Cannes Film Festival is very famous.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语3:art festival:艺术节;适用
于描述艺术活动的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:Our school will hold an art festival next month.(来源:外研社《英
语》教材);短语4:Spring Festival::春节;适用于描述中国传统节日的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:Ne usually
visit relatives during the Spring Festival..(来源:外研社《英语》教材)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数形式:原题:There are many
(festival)in a year.(答案:festivals)
(来源:教材)
hold
[词义与词性
■(.)(v.):拿着:抓住;握住
Hold my hand tightly while we cross the road.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■()(v.):举行;举办
They will hold a party to celebrate their victory.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■()(V.):容纳;包含
The room can hold about fifty people.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):抓;握;拿
He lost his hold on the rope and fell.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:holder;意为持有者;例句:The ticket-holder can enter the stadium.(来源:牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和
过去分词:held;例句:They held a meeting yesterday..(来源:柯林斯词典)动词现在分词:holding:例句:Heis
holding a book in his hand.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:grasp:动词,抓住;例句:Grasp the opportunity when it comes..(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:keep:动
词,持有;例句:Keep this book for a week.(来源:柯林斯词典)近义词:contain:动词,容纳;例句:The box
contains a lot oftoys.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:hold on:等一下;别挂断:适用于电话交流或让别人稍等的场景,为祈使句常用短语;例句:Hold on a
moment,'m just getting my coat.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:hold up:举起;支撑;耽搁;适用于举起物品或描
述事情被耽搁的场景;例句:Hold up your hand if you have a question.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语3:hold back:
阻挡;抑制;适用于描述阻挡事物前进或抑制情感的场景;例句:She couldn't hold back her tears.(来源:柯林斯
词典)短语4:hold a meeting:举行会议;适用于描述组织会议的场景;例句:Ne will hold a meeting to discuss this
problem.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其过去式形式;原题:They一(hold)a concert last month.(答案:held)考法2:考察固定搭配
hold on:原题:
a minute,please.I'll be right back..(答案:Hold on)
(来源:教材)
darling
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):亲爱的;宝贝;心爱的人
Come here,darling.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adj,)(adj):可爱的;迷人的
What a darling little house!(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■无明显常见词性转换
同近义词
■-同义词:dear:名词、形容词,亲爱的、可爱的;例句:Dear,could you pass the salt?(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近
义词:sweetheart:名词,甜心;例句:'ll be home soon,sweetheart.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:my darling:我的宝贝:适用于亲密关系间的称呼场景,语法上my可替换成其他形容词性物主代词;例句:
My darling,I love you.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:darling child:可爱的孩子;适用于描述孩子可爱的场景,语
法上child可替换成其他名词;例句:Look at that darling child.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
暂未搜索到今年各地高考真题或模拟题与该词汇相关的选词填空和语法填空内容
(来源:教材)
voice
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):嗓音;说话声;歌唱声
She has a sweet voice.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):发言权;意见;观点
We should give the children a voice in the matter.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(.)(v.):表达;吐露
He voiced his concem about the project..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词:voiced(有…嗓音的;表达出的);例句:He is a soft-voiced man.(来源:柯林斯词典)动词现在分
词:voicing;例句:She is voicing her dissatisfaction.(来源:牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词:voiced;例
句:They voiced their support for the plan.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:sound:名词,声音;例句:We heard a strange sound in the forest.(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:tone:
名词,语气;声调;例句:There was a friendly tone in his voice.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:raise one's voice:提高嗓门;适用于表达生气或强调的场景,语法上raise后接one's voice;例句:Don't raise
your voice at me.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:in a lowvoice:低声地;适用于不想让别人听到的场景;例句:She said
something in a low voice.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:give voice to:表达;吐露;适用于表达情感、想法等抽象事物的
场景,语法上to后接表达的内容;例句:He gave voice to his anger.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:voice one's opin-.
ion:表达某人的观点;适用于讨论、交流等场景;例句:You should voice your opinion at the meeting.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的固定用法:原题:With a sad
(oce),he told us what had happened.(答案:voice)考法2:考察
动词的过去式;原题:He_(voice)his opinion at the meeting last week.(答案:voiced)
(来源:教材)
race
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):赛跑;竞争
He won the race easily.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■()(v.):和…竞赛;参加比赛
She will race her friend tomorrow.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■()(v.):快速移动;快速运转
The cars raced past us..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
[词性转换
■名词:racer;表示参加比赛的人或动物;例句:The racer crossed the finish line first..(来源:柯林斯词典)动词现在
分词:racing:例句:He is racing his bike.(来源:牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词:raced;例句:She raced
to the school yesterday..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:compete:动词,竞争;例句:We should compete with others fairly.(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:contend:
动词,竞争;例句:Three teams are contending for the prize.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:race against:和…竞赛;适用于描述竞争场景,语法上against后接竞争的对象;例句:They are racing
against each other..(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:race to:快速前往;适用于描述快速移动到某地的场景,语
法上to后接目的地;例句:He raced to the hospital..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:a race against time:和时间
赛跑;适用于描述有时间限制的任务场景;例句:t's a race against time to finish the project.(来源:牛津高阶词
典)短语4:win a race:赢得比赛;适用于描述比赛获胜的场景;例句:She won the race last week.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其过去式形式:原题:He(race)to the bus stop just now.(答案:raced)考法2:考察固定搭配
race against:原题:Ne should_(ace)against time to finish this task.(答案:race)
(来源:教材)
somebody
[词义与词性
■(pron.)(pron.):某人;有人;重要人物
Somebody must have been here.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):重要人物;大人物
He thinks he's somebody.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:somebody:没有明显的其他词性转换形式:例句:Somebody has left their umbrella behind.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:someone:代词,某人;例句:Someone is waiting for you outside.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近义词:person:
名词,人;例句:A person came to see you just now.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:somebody else:别人;适用于区分当前提到的人和其他人员的场景,语法上else紧跟在somebody后;例
句:I''ll ask somebody else for help.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:call somebody:给某人打电话;适用于描述打
电话的场景,语法上cal后接要联系的人;例句:I'‖I call somebody to fiⅸthe computer..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语
3:tell somebody sth.:告诉某人某事;适用于传递信息的场景,语法上tell后接人,再接告知的内容;例句:Tell
somebody the good news..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作代词,用于肯定句中:原题:
(somebody)is knocking at the door.(答案:Somebody)
(来源:教材)
could
[词义与词性
■(modal v.)(modal v.):can的过去式,表示过去能(会)做某事
I could run faster then..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(modal v.)(modal v.):用于礼貌地请求许可
Could I have a glass of water?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(modal v.)(modal v..):用于提出建议
You could try calling him.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■动词原形:can;例句:I can speak English.(来源:牛津高阶词典)过去分词:been able to(在需要体现时态时可
用来替代could表示能力);例句:He has been able to swim since he was five.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■同义词:might:情态动词,可能;用于更委婉地表达请求或推测;例句:Might I use your phone??(来源:牛津高阶
词典)近义词:would:情态动词,愿意;用于礼貌地请求;例句:ould you pass the salt??(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:could have done:本能够做某事(实际未做);适用于表达虚拟语气的场景,语法上后接动词的过去分
词;例句:You could have helped me.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:could not help doing:忍不住做某事;适用
于描述情不自禁做某事的场景,语法上后接动名词;例句:I could not help laughing.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短
语3:could aswell:不妨;适用于提出建议的场景,后接动词原形;例句:Ne could as wel‖go now.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察could作为can过去式的用法;原题:He said he(can)swim when he was five.(答案:could)考法2:
考察could用于礼貌请求的用法:原题:
I have a look at your book?(答案:Could)
(来源:教材)
message
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):消息:口信;信息
Can you take a message for me?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):要旨;要点;教训
The report's message was clear..(来源:柯林斯词典)
■()(v.):给…发消息
I'I message you when I arrive.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词:message;动词:message;现在分词:messaging;过去式和过去分词:messaged;例句:She's messaging
her friend right now.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:note(n.):便条;笔记;例句:She left me a note on the table.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近义词:information
(n.):信息;情报;例句:We need more information about this problem.(来源:柯林斯词典)-近义词:news(n.):
新闻;消息;例句:I have some good news for you.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:take a message for sb.:为某人捎口信;适用于帮人传达信息的场景,语法上for后接被捎口信的人;例句:
Can you take a message for my mother??(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:leave a message:留口信;适用于无法直
接联系到对方时留下信息的场景;例句:I'll leave a message on his voicemail..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:get the
message:明白;理解;适用于理解他人意图的场景;例句:|finally got the message that he didn't want to talk to me.
(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:send a message to sb.:给某人发送消息;适用于通过各种方式传递信息的场景,语
法上to后接接收消息的人;例句:I sent a message to my teacher.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作名词,考察其复数形式;原题:I have many
(message)to send.(答案:messages)考法2:作动词,考察
现在分词形式:原题:Shes
_(message)her classmates.(答案:messaging)
(来源:教材)
shuttlecock
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):羽毛球;键子
They are playing with a shuttlecock.(来源:剑桥词典)
词性转换
■目前未发现常见词性转换形式
同近义词
■-同义词:badminton:名词,羽毛球;例句:I like to play badminton in my free time.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:kick a shuttlecock:踢键子;适用于描述踢键子的运动场景,语法上kick为谓语动词;例句:Children like to
kick a shuttlecock after class..(来源:朗文当代英语词典)短语2:play shuttlecock:打羽毛球;适用于描述打羽毛
球的运动场景,语法上play为谓语动词;例句:Ne often play shuttlecock on weekends.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
暂未搜索到今年各地高考真题或者各地模拟题中有和该词汇相关的选词填空题和语法填空
(来源:教材)
online
词义与词性
■(adj)(adj):在线的;联网的;联机的
Online shopping is becoming more and more popular.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):在网上;在线地
You can book tickets online.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:onliner(网络用户);例句:Many onliners spend a lot of time on social media.(来源:自编合理例句,权威词
典暂未查到该词例句);形容词:offine(离线的)例句:You can play this game offline..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:web-based:形容词,基于网络的;例句:This web-based application is very useful..(来源:柯林斯词典):
近义词:internet-based:形容词,基于互联网的;例句:They offer internet-based courses.(来源:自编合理例
句,权威词典暂未查到该词例句)
固定搭配
■短语1:online shopping:网上购物;适用于描述购物方式的场景,语法上是名词短语;例句:Online shopping has
changed our way of life.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:online game:网络游戏;适用于描述游戏类型的场景,语法上
是名词短语;例句:My brother likes playing online games.(来源:柯林斯词典):短语3:go online:上网;适用于描述上
网这个动作的场景,语法上go是动词;例句:|often go online to search for information.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语
4:be online:在线:适用于描述人或设备状态的场景,语法上be是系动词:例句:Is he online now?(来源:柯林斯词典)