内容正文:
7年级下Unit3词汇精讲
Unit 3
baseball
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):棒球
Baseball is a popular sport in the Unted States.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n.)(n.):棒球运动
He plays baseba∥every weekend.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■无明显常见词性转换
同近义词
■-同义词:rounders:名词,圆场棒球;例句:Rounders is a similar game to basebal.(来源:韦氏词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:play baseball:.打棒球;适用于描述进行棒球运动的场景,语法上play后直接接运动项目;例句:Ne often play
baseball after school.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:baseball game:棒球比赛;适用于描述棒球赛事的场景,语法上
game为名词;例句:'m going to watch a baseball game this weekend.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:baseball bat:棒球
棒;适用于描述棒球运动器材的场景,语法上bat为名词;例句:He bought a new baseball bat.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数形式;原题:There are two_
(baseball)on the ground.(答案:baseballs)
(来源:教材)
glove
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):手套
My gloves have been missing for ages.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■复数形式:gloves;用于表示多个手套的情况;例句:She bought two pairs of gloves.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:mit:名词,连指手套;例句:She put on her mitts to go out..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:a pair of gloves:一副手套;适用于描述手套数量的场景,语法上pair用单数;例句:I need a pair of gloves
in winter..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:throw down the gauntlet/glove:挑战;适用于表示发起挑战的场景;例
句:He threw down the glove to his opponent..(来源:韦氏大词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的复数形式;原题:I have two_(glove).(答案:gloves)
(来源:教材)
fit
词义与词性
■()(v.):适合;合身;安装
This dress doesn't fit me.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(ad)(adj.):健康的;健壮的
You need to keep fit by exercising regularly.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(adj)(adj):合适的;适宜的
This place is fit for a picnic.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词:fitness;表示健康、适合;例句:Swimming is a good way to improve your fitness.(来源:柯林斯词典)形容
词比较级:fter;例句:He is fitter after months of exercise.(来源:牛津高阶词典)形容词最高级:fittest;例句:
Nho is the fittest person in your class?(来源:柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过去分词:fted(英式)/ft(美式);例
句:She fitted the key into the lock.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:suit:动词,适合;例句:This hairstyle suits you very well.(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:match:动词,
相配;例句:Your tie matches your shirt perfectly..(来源:柯林斯词典)近义词:healthy:形容词,健康的;例句:
Eating fruits and vegetables makes you healthy.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:ftin(with sb.sth.):与…融洽相处;适用于描述人际关系场景,语法上in后接人或群体;例句:He found
it difficult to fit in with the new group.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:tfor:适合于;适用于描述人或事物具备某种
条件的场景,语法上for后接适合的对象;例句:This water is not fit for drinking.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:keep
ft:保持健康;适用于描述健康生活方式的场景,为固定表达;例句:You should exercise regularly to keep fit.(来
源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:fit sth.into sth:把某物放入某物中;适用于描述放置物品的场景,语法上into后接放
置的空间;例句:Can you fit all these books into the box?(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其过去式形式;原题:He
(f)a new lock on the door yesterday.(答案:fited)考法2:考察周
定搭配be fit for:原题:This kind of food is not
(f)children.(答案:ftor)
(来源:教材)
mat
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):垫子;席子;蹭鞋垫
He wiped his feet on the mat..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n.)(n.):团;簇;丛
a mat of hair(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:matted;使缠结;使纠缠在一起;例句:His hair was matted with sweat.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:rug:名词,小地毯;例句:There is a rug in front of the fireplace.(来源:牛津高阶词典);近义词:carpet::
名词,地毯;例句:The room had a thick carpet on the floor.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:door-mat:门前的擦鞋垫;适用于描述门口放置物品的场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:Put the door-mat
outside the door.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:mat of sth.:一团/簇/丛某物;适用于描述事物聚集状态的场景,
语法上of后接聚集的事物:例句:a mat of weeds(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数形式:原题:There are several_.
(mat)in the entrance.(答案:mats)
(来源:教材)
racket
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):球拍;网球拍;羽毛球拍
I bought a new tennis racket..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):喧闹声;叫嚷声
The kids made an awful racket.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(n)(n.):敲诈;诈骗;非法勾当
They discovered a drugs racket..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词复数:rackets;例句:There are several rackets in the sports room.(来源:自编合理例句)
同近义词
■近义词:bat:名词,球拍;例句:A cricket bat is used in the game of cricket.(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:noise::
名词,噪音;例句:The noise from the traffic was unbearable.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:tennis racket::网球拍;适用于体育用品描述场景,语法上是名词短语;例句:He always uses a high-quality
tennis racket..(来源:自编合理例句)短语2:make a racket:.吵闹;喧闹;适用于描述人或环境发出嘈杂声音的场
景,语法上racket用单数;例句:Please stop making a racket.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语3:racket sport:球拍
运动:适用于体育项目分类场景,语法上是名词短语;例句:Badminton is a popular racket sport.(来源:自编合理例句)
典型考法
因7年级词汇一般暂未出现在高考真题及模拟题中,暂未找到相关考题。
(来源:教材)
rope
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):绳子;绳索
He tied the boat to the dock with a rope..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■()(v.):用绳子系(或绑、捆)
They roped the packages together.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:rope;形容词:ropey(质量差的、低劣的):动词过去式I过去分词:roped(规则变化,直接加-d);动词现
在分词:roping(直接加-ing);例句:The food in that restaurant is a bit ropey.(来源:剑桥词典)
同近义词
■-近义词:cord:名词,细绳;粗线例句:She tied the parcel with a cord.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近义词:string:
名词,线;细绳例句:He used a piece of string to tie up the bag.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:rope off:用绳子隔开;适用于划分区域的场景,语法上of后常接被隔开的区域;例句:They roped off the
damaged area.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:on the ropes:岌岌可危;适用于描述人或事物处于困境的场景;例句:
The company is on the ropes and may go bankrupt..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:ropein:说服某人帮忙;适用于找
人帮忙的场景,语法上in后接被说服的人;例句:I managed to rope him in to help with the party.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作名词,考察其单复数形式;原题:Ne need several_(rope)to build the tent.(答案:ropes)考法2:作动词,
考察其过去式:原题:They(rope)the horse to the tree yesterday.(答案:roped)
(来源:教材)
hardly
词义与词性
■(adv.)(adw.):几乎不;几乎没有
I can hardly believe it.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):刚刚才
He had hardly arrived when she started complaining.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:hard;例句:He works hard.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■-近义词:scarcely:副词,几乎不;例句:He scarcely had time to eat breakfast.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近义词:
barely:副词,仅仅;几乎不;例句:The room was barely big enough for two people.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:hardly evers:几乎从不;适用于描述频率极低的场景,语法上位于实义动词前;例句:She hardly ever goes
to the cinema.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:hardly.when.:一…就…;适用于描述两个动作先后发生的场
景,语法上hardly后接过去完成时,when后接一般过去时;例句:He had hardly sat down when the phone rang.(来
源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察hady表示否定意义,反义疑问句中前否后肯;原题:He hardly has any friends,,_he?(答案:does)考
法2:考察固定搭配hardly..when.;原题:He had._(hardly)arived home when it began to rain.(答案:hardly)
(来源:教材)
ever
词义与词性
■(adv.)(adw.):曾经;在任何时候
Have you ever been to Paris?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adv)(adw.):从来;总是;始终
He is ever ready to help others..(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):究竟;到底
How ever did you manage it?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■该词无常见词性转换形式。
同近义词
■-近义词:once:副词,曾经;例句:I once met him in the street.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近义词:at any time:短
语,在任何时候;例句:You can call me at any time.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:ever since:自从;适用于描述从过去某一时间点持续到现在的时间段,语法上后接过去的时间点;例句:
He has lived here ever since he was born.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:ever so:非常;极其;适用于强调程度的
场景;例句:She was ever so happy to see me.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语3:ever more:越发;越来越;适用于
描述程度逐渐加深的场景;例句:He becomes ever more popular.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中,构成Have/Has.ever.结构:原题:一you_
(be)to the Great Wall?
-Yes.I have.(答案:Have;been)
(来源:教材)
once
词义与词性
■(adv.)(adw.):一次;一回
/go to the cinema once a month.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):曾经;一度
He once lived in Paris..(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(conj)(conj.):一旦
Once you start,,you can't stop.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):一次;一回
Do it just this once..(来源:朗文当代词典)
词性转换
■无
同近义词
■近义词:formerly:副词,从前;以前例句:He was formerly a teacher.(来源:柯林斯词典)近义词:previously:副
词,先前;以往例句:I had met him previously.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:once again:再一次;适用于描述重复某个动作的场景,语法上可置于句首或句中;例句:Once again,.he
made the same mistake.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:once in a while:偶尔;适用于描述不经常发生的事情,语
法上置于句中;例句:I like to go to the movies once in a while.(来源:朗文当代词典)短语3:all at once:突然;同
时;适用于描述突发情况或多个动作同时发生,语法上置于句首或句中;例句:All at once,the lights went out.(来
源:柯林斯词典)短语4:once upon a time:从前;适用于讲故事的场景,语法上置于句首;例句:Once upon a
time,there was a beautiful princess..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作副词,考察其在频率表达中的用法;原题:visit my grandparents_(one)a week.(答案:once)考法2:考
察连词用法:原题:
you understand this rule,you will have no further difficulty.(答案:Once)
(来源:教材)
hers
词义与词性
■(pron.)(pron.):她的(东西);属于她的(东西)
This book is hers.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词性物主代词:her;例句:Her name is Lily.(来源:朗文当代英语词典)主格:she;例句:She is a good
student..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:her belongings:.代词短语,她的东西;例句:All her belongings were in that bag.(来源:韦氏大词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:ofhers:.她的…之一;适用于描述属于她的某个事物的场景,语法上of后接可数名词复数;例句:A friend
of hers came to see her yesterday.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察物主代词的用法:原题:This is not my pen..Ms(hers.(答案:hers)
(来源:教材)
mine
词义与词性
■(pron.)(pron.):我的(东西);用于指代前面提到的属于“我”的事物
This book is mine.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词:my:例句:This is my book.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:oneself:代词,自己;例句:One should always be true to oneself.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:of mine:
属于我的;适用于描述所属关系的场景,语法上of后接名词;例句:A friend of mine is coming to
visit me.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察物主代词“mine”的用法;原题:This isn't my bike._
(I)is over there.(答案:Mine)
(来源:教材)
twice
词义与词性
■(adv.)(adw.):两次;两遍
I go to the library twice a week.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):两倍
This room is twice as big as that one.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■twice为副词,无常见词性转换形式
同近义词
■-近义词:two times:副词,两次例句:He visited her two times last month.(来源:英语常用搭配词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:twice a week:每周两次;适用于描述频率的场景,语法上用于一般现在时等时态描述动作频率例句:She goes
swimming twice a week..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:twice as..as.:是…的两倍;适用于比较大小、数量等场
景,语法上第一个as后接形容词或副词原级例句:This rope is twice as long as that one.(来源:柯林斯词典):短语3:
twice over::两倍地;适用于强调程度加倍的场景例句:He is paid twice over for his hard work.(来源:英语常用搭配词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察twice表示‘两次'的用法;原题:1 exercise.」
(两次)a week.(答案:twice)
(来源:教材)
maybe
词义与词性
■(adv.)(adw.):也许;可能;大概
Ma ybe it will rain tomorrow.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■无
同近义词
■-同义词:perhaps:副词,也许;例句:Perhaps he is right.(来源:柯林斯词典)-近义词:possibly:副词,可能
地;例句:He can possibly come.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:maybe not::也许不;适用于表达不确定的否定情况,语法上直接使用;例句:Maybe not,but we should try..
(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
典型考法
考法1:作副词,考察其在句子中的位置:原题:
he will come to the party.(答案:Maybe)
(来源:教材)
practice
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):练习;实践
Daily practice is the key to learning a foreign language.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n):惯例;常规
It is the practice in our famil冰to exchange gifts on Christmas Eve.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(.)(v.):练习;实习
She practices the piano every day.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词:practice;动词:practise(英式英语);动词过去式和过去分词:practiced(美式)/practised(英式);动词现
在分词:practicing(美式)/practising(英式);形容词:practical;例句:Ne need to find a practical solution to this
problem.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:exercise:名词/恸词,练习;例句:You should do more exercises to keep healthy.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
近义词:drill:名词/动词,操练;例句:The soldiers are having a drill..(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:practice doing sth:练习做某事;适用于描述通过不断做某事来提高技能的场景,语法上动名词作宾语;例
句:She practices singing every morning.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:in practice:实际上;适用于表达与理论
或预期不同的实际情况,语法上可单独作状语;例句:In practice,this method doesn't work well.(来源:牛津高阶
词典)短语3:put into practice:实施;实行;适用于描述将计划、想法等付诸行动的场景,语法上put后接要实
施的内容;例句:Ne should put our plans into practice as soon as possible..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语4:practice
makes perfect::熟能生巧;适用于鼓励通过不断练习提高能力的场景,无严格语法要求;例句:As the saying goes,
practice makes perfect..(来源:常见谚语)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其现在分词形式:原题:Hes
(practice)speaking English now.(答案:practicing)考法2:考
察固定搭配practice doing sth.;原题:You should practice」
_(play)the guitar every day.(答案:playing)
(来源:教材)
perfect
词义与词性
■(adj)(adj):完美的;完善的;理想的
The weather was perfect for a picnic..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adj.)(adj):完全的;十足的
He's a perfect idiot.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■()(v.):使完善;使完美:使完备
She spent years perfecting her technique.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词:perfection;例句:He aimed for perfection in everything he did..(来源:柯林斯词典)副词:perfectly;例句:
The plan worked out perfectly.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■同义词:1 awless:形容词,完美无瑕的;例句:The diamond was flawless..(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:ideal:
形容词,理想的;例句:This is an ideal spot for a picnic.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:be perfect for::对…而言是完美的;适用于描述事物适合某种情况或某人的场景,语法上for后接对象;
例句:This dress is perfect for the party..(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:perfect oneself in:使自己在…方面达到
完美;适用于描述个人提升技能等场景,语法上in后接具体技能等;例句:He tried to perfect himself in English.
(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:to perfection:完美地;适用于描述完成某事的程度;例句:She cooked the meal to
perfection.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作形容词,考察其在系表结构中的用法:原题:The party was.(perfect).(答案:pect)考法2:作动词,考
察其现在分词形式;原题:She is_.(perfect)her dance skills.(答案:perfecting)
(来源:教材)
badminton
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):羽毛球运动
I like to play badminton in my free time.(来源:牛津高阶词典)