专题01 时间状语从句和复合不定代词（期中复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四学制

专题01 时间状语从句和复合不定代词 （期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 时间状语从句、不定代词 单项选择 句型转换 选词填空 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 时间状语从句 1．when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句 when 从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。译为“当……时；在……期间”。 while 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as 从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……” 2. until 和 till 用法对比 用法分类 具体说明 例句 肯定句 后接延续性动词，表 “做某事直至某时”，可用 before 代替 I slept until midnight. / Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets. 否定句 后接延续性或非延续性动词，表 “直至某时才做某事” She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 区别 until 可用于句首和 until when 疑问句中，till 通常不可以 Until you told me, I had heard nothing. / —Until when are you staying? —Until next Monday. 否定句特殊句式 Not until... 在句首，主句用倒装 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 否定句特殊句式 It is not until... that... It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 3. “一…… 就……” 结构对比表 结构 用法 正常语序例句 倒装语序例句 hardly/scarcely... when/before 表 “一…… 就……” I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. no sooner... than 表 “一…… 就……” I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. as soon as 表 “一…… 就……” As soon as I got home, it began to rain. - 4．before与since引导的时间状语从句 连词 常用句式 before It will be＋一段时间＋before ... 过……时间才…… It will not be/was not long＋before ... 不久就会/没多久就…… It was＋时间段＋before ... 过了……(时间)才…… since It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用一般过去时) It was＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用过去完成时) 5. 与时间相关的强调句型 句型 含义 例句 It be＋时间状语＋that＋其他 强调 “正是在某一时间发生了某事” It was at eight o'clock that we got home. It be＋时间点＋when 从句 表示 “某事发生在什么时间” It was six o'clock when we got home. 知识点02 复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每人 something某物，某事 anything任何事物 nothing 没有东西 everything一切 （1)复合不定代词的用法同some,any的用法。some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。也可用于肯定句 中，表示“任何人／物”。Would you like something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗？ （2)如果有形容词修饰，形容词应该放在复合不定代词之后。 I've been so bored for a long time. I hope to have something interesting to do.我无聊了很长时间，我希望能做一些有趣的事情。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Is there ________ special in today’s news? —Yes! A kind man saved a child from a fire! A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 2． the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. A．On B．In C．By D．With 3．It’s a serious problem. We can’t decide ________ Mr. Black comes back. A．since B．so C．until D．while 4．—How long have you been in Hefei? —________ my father came here to work five years ago. A．Whenever B．While C．Since D．Until 5．— Parents shouldn’t do ________ for children of our age. —I agree. We should learn to depend on ourselves. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 6．—Would you like _________ to eat, Xiao Mei? —_________, I’m not hungry at all. Thanks! A．anything delicious; Something B．delicious something; Nothing C．something delicious, Nothing D．delicious anything; Nothing 7．My brother didn’t go out with ________ yesterday because he had to finish his homework alone. A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 8．—Daddy, when can I watch the programme? It began an hour ago! —________ A．Until you finish your homework. B．Until you will finish your homework. C．Not until you finish your homework. D．Not until you will finish your homework. 9．The clever boy called 120 his mother fell down in the kitchen. A．unless B．as soon as C．so that D．until 10．They will not finish the work on time ________they work together. A．while B．unless C．after D．because 11．________ your father recovers, you no longer have anything to worry about. A．After B．Before C．Since D．Until 12．________ technology(科技) moves forward, we can enjoy the night sky with a pair of small binoculars of a smartphone. A．When B．Until C．Before D．As 13．My dad was cooking in the kitchen ________ I was doing my homework in my study. A．after B．while C．until D．before 14．________ I was cooking, the telephone rang. A．Before B．When C．As D．Until 15．There isn’t ________ on TV. Let’s go for a walk. A．new something B．new anything C．something new D．anything new 16．Daniel is always full of ideas, but ________ is useful to my study. A．nothing B．none C．nobody D．no one 17．I want to do __________ special for my parents to show my love on their birthdays. A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something 18．—Who is in the classroom? —________. A．None B．Nothing C．Not one D．No one 19．—Look! ________ is drawing under the tree. —Oh, that’s my classmate Bob. A．someone B．no one C．everyone D．anyone 20．—Is ________ here? —No, we are all here ________ Peter. A．anybody; except B．anybody; besides C．everybody; besides D．everybody; except 提升题（测试时间：15分钟） 二、完成句子 1．Everyone seemed to be happy. (改为否定句) seemed to be happy. 2．the game, started, while, was, I, still, on the way, to the stadium.(连词成句) 3．Some children stop playing computer games after their parents go home. (保持句意基本不变) Some children don’t their parents go home. 4．He went to bed after he finished his homework. (保持句意) He to bed he finished his homework. 5．I checked the computer carefully and found nothing wrong. (改为同义句) I checked the computer carefully and find wrong. 6．I will call you as soon as I get the news. (对划线部分提问) will you call me? 7．When he had read the note, he ate it. (对划线部分提问) 8．the actors performed on the stage/ they received warm applause from the audience (选词成句until, while, as soon as) 9．when, how, Betty, me, me, cheer, knows, worries, something, to, up . 10．After she got enough experience, Ann started her own business. (改为同义句) 11．The bell rang. The students ran out of the classroom.  (用when合并成一句) 12．The rain stopped. They went to the playground. (用as soon as合并句子) 13．I was doing my homework. My best friend called me. (last night) (用when或while合并) 14．There’s something exciting in the mountains.  (改为一般疑问句) there exciting in the mountains? 15．She stood at the window for a long time, but she didn’t see anything unusual outside. (改为同义句) She stood at the window for a long time, but she unusual outside. 三、选词填空 用some、any、somebody、anybody、nobody、something、anything、nothing、somewhere、anywhere等词完成句子。 1．I’m sure will come to help us if we are in trouble. 2．Is there in the box? It is so light. 3．May I have chocolate, Mum? 4．There isn’t water in the bottle. It’s empty. 5．I don’t have to stay. 6．He couldn’t find to help him carry the heavy box. 7．I know we can go. 8．There must be wrong with my watch. It isn’t working. 9． in the class knows the answer to this difficult maths problem. It’s really too hard. 10．There is wrong with my bike. It can run very well. 用方框中所给单词填空。 everyone  something  nothing  someone  anywhere 1．—Would you like to drink, sir? —Yes. A cup of coffee. 2．—Tom, did you go interesting last Sunday? —Yes, I went to the zoo. 3．This math problem is too easy. I’m sure in our class can work it out. 4．It rained all day. I had to do but sleep. 5．—Mum, is ringing the doorbell. —OK, I’m coming. 用方框中所给的词填空。 when， whenever， after， until， since 1．I did not go home it was dark. 2．I got to know her brother I was a boy. 3． the boy watched TV, he went to bed. 4． he gets the chance, he reads his favourite books. 5．Great changes have taken place in your hometown you left. 读句子，选择合适的词或者短语填空，每个选项限用一次。 anybody, nobody, while, so that, since, if, until 1．We stayed there she arrived. 2．He has made a lot of progress he started to learn English last month. 3．I can look after myself. I do not depend on else. 4． I start after dinner, I’ll finish it before I go to bed. 5．Suddenly I realised that I was alone. There was there to look after me. 6． they were watching TV, we listened to music and sang traditional songs. 7．Would you please leave us your phone number we can keep in touch with you? 拓展题（测试时间：20分钟） 四、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the development of science and technology, AI robots are entering more families. Last month, my family bought a smart robot named “TechHelper”. It 1 (design) to make our daily life easier. Every morning, it wakes me up by playing soft music and even prepares a healthy breakfast based on our 2 (prefer). TechHelper is also great at helping with homework. When I meet difficult math problems, it explains them 3 (clear) with simple examples. It can also read English stories aloud, which helps improve my pronunciation. 4 (important), it never gets tired and is always ready to help. On weekends, TechHelper becomes a family entertainment partner. It can play chess with my dad, dance with my mom, and even take photos for us. Last week, it took a lot of beautiful photos during our family trip and made a short video to record the happy moments. We were all surprised by 5 (it) amazing skills. However, TechHelper has some small shortcomings. Sometimes it can’t understand our words if we speak too fast. And it needs 6 (charge) for two hours every day. But these problems don’t stop us from loving it. My parents often say that TechHelper is not just a machine, but a part of our family. It teaches me that technology can bring people closer. I believe that in the future, more 7 (advance) AI robots will be invented to help people live 8 better life. What do you think of AI robots? 9 you ever had a chance to use one? If not, do you want to have a smart robot like TechHelper in your home? Technology is changing our lives every day, and we should learn to accept and make good use 10 it. The Himalayan Mountains have the third 1 (large) glaciers (冰川) in the world. But now the first study of this place shows that it lost 2 ( ton) of ice from 2000 to 2016. “This is the 3 (one) overall look at what has exactly happened to glaciers in the Himalayas over a 40-year time,” 4 (say) the lead writer Joshua Maurer, “Our study shows a huge glacier ice loss because of the rising temperatures from climate change,” Maurer says. “Nearly a quarter of the area’s ice has been lost over the last 40 years. Temperatures in the area have risen 1℃ 5 (high) than those from 1975 to 2000，and one degree is enough 6 (produce) such a huge loss.” The ice and snow in the area are the head of Asia’s great rivers. The study does not include the high mountains nearby, but other studies suggest that similar melting is going on there as well. This melting means more floods and glacial lakes. In May 2012, one such flood 7 (kill) over 60 people in villages near Pokhara, Nepal. It also pulled down houses in these villages. Besides, around 800 million people depend on rivers from Himalayan glaciers for farming, drinking water and 8 (make) electricity. The melting 9 (increase) the river water during warm seasons, but scientists say that the river water will become much 10 (little) in a few years as the glaciers lose rapidly. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 As China grows stronger and stronger, more and more foreign people have started to learn Chinese. However, most of them find it difficult 1 (learn) Chinese. The problem 2 (catch) the attention of a famous AI company in China these years. To help foreigners learn Chinese, it has developed 3 phone app called iFLY Chinese. With the help of AI-based voice technology, the app users can learn Chinese wisely and 4 (quick). When users speak into the app in 5 (they) own languages, the app can turn the voice messages into Chinese. When they read sentences in Chinese, it will give them feedback (反馈). It can also correct their mistakes in their pronunciation and grammar. Finally, it will provide them 6 word cards to practice and review. With the help of the app, many people have the ability to speak and use Chinese. Henry is one of them. He was born in Australia. He started to learn Chinese two years ago. He 7 (make) great progress since he started to use the app. Now he can have conversations with his friends. The app has been very popular in foreign countries since its 8 (develop). Now it is being used by hundreds of 9 (thousand) of people. They are in more than one hundred countries. 10 quickly the number of its users has increased. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is the best virtue (美德)? What can we learn from water? Laozi, a famous Chinese 1 (think), wrote Tao Te Ching (《道德经》) around 2,500 years ago. He might have an answer in this book. Laozi tells us that the top character is just like water. All the lives in the world cannot live 2 water, but water never asks for anything in return. It benefits (使受益) all, 3 (compete) with none. It keeps giving in silence. In dealing with people, we can act as water. Firstly, do our best to help 4 (other) and try not to get anything back. At the same time, stay humble (谦逊的). Don’t always talk about the help you gave to other people. 5 you are in a difficult situation, you need to stay calm (冷静的). After all, water will not choose where 6 (be), and it just goes to where it is needed. If you follow these ideas, you can solve all your problems more 7 (easy). The Chinese nation has always 8   (hold) Laozi’s ideas about water. In 2014, President Xi Jinping mentioned it at the welcome dinner of the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing. He said APEC 9 (member) were brought together by the water of the Pacific Ocean. As a result, each country had the responsibility (责任) to make the Pacific 10 ocean of peace, friendship and cooperation (合作). This is the wisdom (智慧) water brings us. 2 / 21 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 时间状语从句和复合不定代词 （期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1-2 时间状语从句、不定代词 单项选择 句型转换 选词填空 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 时间状语从句 1．when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句 when 从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。译为“当……时；在……期间”。 while 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as 从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……” 2. until 和 till 用法对比 用法分类 具体说明 例句 肯定句 后接延续性动词，表 “做某事直至某时”，可用 before 代替 I slept until midnight. / Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets. 否定句 后接延续性或非延续性动词，表 “直至某时才做某事” She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 区别 until 可用于句首和 until when 疑问句中，till 通常不可以 Until you told me, I had heard nothing. / —Until when are you staying? —Until next Monday. 否定句特殊句式 Not until... 在句首，主句用倒装 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 否定句特殊句式 It is not until... that... It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 3. “一…… 就……” 结构对比表 结构 用法 正常语序例句 倒装语序例句 hardly/scarcely... when/before 表 “一…… 就……” I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. no sooner... than 表 “一…… 就……” I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. as soon as 表 “一…… 就……” As soon as I got home, it began to rain. - 4．before与since引导的时间状语从句 连词 常用句式 before It will be＋一段时间＋before ... 过……时间才…… It will not be/was not long＋before ... 不久就会/没多久就…… It was＋时间段＋before ... 过了……(时间)才…… since It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用一般过去时) It was＋一段时间＋since ... (从句用过去完成时) 5. 与时间相关的强调句型 句型 含义 例句 It be＋时间状语＋that＋其他 强调 “正是在某一时间发生了某事” It was at eight o'clock that we got home. It be＋时间点＋when 从句 表示 “某事发生在什么时间” It was six o'clock when we got home. 知识点02 复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每人 something某物，某事 anything任何事物 nothing 没有东西 everything一切 （1)复合不定代词的用法同some,any的用法。some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，也可用于表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。any-类复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。也可用于肯定句 中，表示“任何人／物”。Would you like something to drink?你想喝点儿什么吗？ （2)如果有形容词修饰，形容词应该放在复合不定代词之后。 I've been so bored for a long time. I hope to have something interesting to do.我无聊了很长时间，我希望能做一些有趣的事情。 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Is there ________ special in today’s news? —Yes! A kind man saved a child from a fire! A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天的新闻里有什么特别的事情吗？——有的！一个好心人从火灾中救了一个孩子！ 考查不定代词辨析。something某事，某物，常用于肯定句；anything任何事物，常用于疑问句和否定句；everything每件事物，一切；nothing没有什么。根据“Is there...special in today’s news?”可知，这是一个一般疑问句，询问今天的新闻里是否有特别的事情，应该用anything。故选B。 2． the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. A．On B．In C．By D．With 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我到达公共汽车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。 考查介词辨析。on后接具体的日期、具体某一天的上下午或晚上等；in后接年、月、季节、泛指的上下午或晚上等；by不迟于；with与……一起；分析句子成分可知此处是连词，根据“the time ”可知此处指“当我到达公共汽车站时”；by the time“到……的时候”。故选C。 3．It’s a serious problem. We can’t decide ________ Mr. Black comes back. A．since B．so C．until D．while 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是一个严重的问题。直到布莱克先生回来我们才能决定。 考查连词辨析。since自从；so所以；until直到……为止；while当……的时候。根据“We can’t decide...Mr. Black comes back.”可知，此处表示直到布莱克先生回来才能决定。not...until...意为“直到……才……”。故选C。 4．—How long have you been in Hefei? —________ my father came here to work five years ago. A．Whenever B．While C．Since D．Until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在合肥多久了？——自从我父亲五年前来这里工作以来。 考查从属连词辨析。Whenever无论何时；While当……时；Since自从；Until直到。How long询问一段时间，常用“Since+一段时间+ago”回答。“five years ago”是“一段时间+ago”结构，因此用since。故选C。 5．— Parents shouldn’t do ________ for children of our age. —I agree. We should learn to depend on ourselves. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——父母不应该为我们这个年龄的孩子做一切。——我同意。我们应该学会自立。 考查不定代词用法。something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据答语“We should learn to depend on ourselves.”可知，空格处需表达“父母不应包办一切”，强调全部行为。故选C。 6．—Would you like _________ to eat, Xiao Mei? —_________, I’m not hungry at all. Thanks! A．anything delicious; Something B．delicious something; Nothing C．something delicious, Nothing D．delicious anything; Nothing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想吃点儿什么美味的东西吗，小梅？—— 不用了，我一点儿也不饿。谢谢！ 考查不定代词辨析。anything任何事物，一般用于否定句和疑问句；something某事物，一般用于肯定句，也可用于以Could或Would为疑问词的一般疑问句中，表示希望对方给出肯定答复；nothing没有什么。形容词与不定代词连用时，形容词位于不定代词之后。问句是以Would为疑问词的一般疑问句，不定代词用something，delicious修饰不定代词放其后；根据答语中的“I’m not hungry at all.”可知，第二空用Nothing。故选C。 7．My brother didn’t go out with ________ yesterday because he had to finish his homework alone. A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我弟弟昨天没有和任何人一起出去，因为他不得不独自完成作业。 考查不定代词辨析。someone某人，一般用于肯定句；anyone任何人，一般用于否定句或疑问句；no one没有人；everyone每个人。根据“My brother didn’t go out”可知，句子是否定句，表达“没有和任何人一起出去”，所以应该用anyone。故选B。 8．—Daddy, when can I watch the programme? It began an hour ago! —________ A．Until you finish your homework. B．Until you will finish your homework. C．Not until you finish your homework. D．Not until you will finish your homework. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我什么时候能看这个节目？它一小时前就开始了！——直到你完成作业（才能看）。 考查时间状语从句。Until you finish your homework.直到你完成作业，不用于回答许可问题；Until you will finish your homework.语法错误，until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；Not until you finish your homework.直到你完成作业，符合“not until”句型；Not until you will finish your homework.语法错误，until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。根据“Daddy, when can I watch the programme?”询问何时能看节目可知，not until表示“直到……才”，符合语境，且时间状语从句用一般现在时。故选C。 9．The clever boy called 120 his mother fell down in the kitchen. A．unless B．as soon as C．so that D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个聪明的男孩在妈妈摔倒在厨房的那一刻，立刻拨打了120。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；as soon as一……就……；so that以便；until直到……为止。根据“The clever boy called 120”以及“his mother fell down in the kitchen”可知，此处指男孩妈妈一摔倒，他就打了120。故选B。 10．They will not finish the work on time ________they work together. A．while B．unless C．after D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非他们一起工作，不然他们不会准时完成工作。 考查从属连词辨析。while当……时候；unless除非；after在……之后；because因为。根据“They will not finish the work on time”及“they work together.”可知，他们不会准时完成工作和他们一起工作，表条件，用unless除非；除非他们一起工作，不然他们不会准时完成工作，故选B。 11．________ your father recovers, you no longer have anything to worry about. A．After B．Before C．Since D．Until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：既然你的爸爸恢复了，你再也不用担心了。 考查连词辨析。After在……之后；Before在……之前；Since既然；Until直到。根据前后句关系可知，应是因果关系。故选C。 12．________ technology(科技) moves forward, we can enjoy the night sky with a pair of small binoculars of a smartphone. A．When B．Until C．Before D．As 【答案】D 【详解】句意：随着科技的进步，我们可以用智能手机的双筒望远镜欣赏夜空。 考查时间状语从句。When当……时；Until直到；Before在……之前；As随着。根据句意可知，此处表示伴随状态，随着科技进步，我们可以更智能地欣赏夜空。故选D。 13．My dad was cooking in the kitchen ________ I was doing my homework in my study. A．after B．while C．until D．before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸在厨房做饭，而我在书房做作业。 考查连词辨析。after在……之后；while当……时，强调两个动作同时进行；until直到……为止；before在……之前。根据语境可知，此处描述的是爸爸在厨房做饭和“我”在书房做作业这两个动作同时发生，所以应该用while。故选B。 14．________ I was cooking, the telephone rang. A．Before B．When C．As D．Until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我正在做饭时，电话响了。 考查时间状语从句。Before在……之前；When当……时；As当……时；Until 直到……为止。根据“...I was cooking, the telephone rang.”可知，此处表示“当我正在做饭的时候”，指“电话响”发生在“做饭”的时间点，用于描述一个动作（做饭）进行过程中，另一个动作（电话响）突然发生，故用“When”引导时间状语从句，主句常用一般过去时，从句常用过去进行时。故选B。 15．There isn’t ________ on TV. Let’s go for a walk. A．new something B．new anything C．something new D．anything new 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电视上没有什么新节目。我们出去散步吧。   考查不定代词与形容词的位置关系。something通常用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句；形容词修饰不定代词时应后置。根据题干中的否定结构isn’t及语序规则，应选择“anything new”表示“没有任何新内容”。故选D。 16．Daniel is always full of ideas, but ________ is useful to my study. A．nothing B．none C．nobody D．no one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：丹尼尔总是有很多想法，但是没有一个想法对我的学习有用。 考查不定代词。nothing没有什么东西，只能指物；none没有一个，既可指人又可指物；nobody没有人，只能指人；no one没有人，只能指人，不能指物。根据句意，空处代词代替前面的ideas，指物，可以排除选项C和D，nothing什么都没有，不符合题意。故选B。 17．I want to do __________ special for my parents to show my love on their birthdays. A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我想为我的父母做一些特别的事情，在他们的生日上表达我的爱。    考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有任何东西；everything一切；anything任何事；something某事。根据“I want to do…special for my parents”可知，此处指想为父母做一些特别的事情。故选D。 18．—Who is in the classroom? —________. A．None B．Nothing C．Not one D．No one 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁在教室里？——没有人。 考查代词辨析。none没有一个；nothing没有什么；not one不符合英语常用表达；no one没有人。根据“Who is in the classroom?”可知要回答没有人，故选D。 19．—Look! ________ is drawing under the tree. —Oh, that’s my classmate Bob. A．someone B．no one C．everyone D．anyone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！有人正在树下画画。——哦，那个是我的同学Bob。 考查代词辨析。someone某人；no one没有人；everyone每个人；anyone任何人。根据“Look!”和“is drawing under the tree”可知，是看见有个人正在树下画画，应用复合不定代词someone表示“有人，某人”。故选A。 20．—Is ________ here? —No, we are all here ________ Peter. A．anybody; except B．anybody; besides C．everybody; besides D．everybody; except 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——大家都在这里吗？——不，除了彼得我们都在。 考查不定代词及介词辨析。anybody任何人；everybody每个人；except（用于所言不包括的人或事物前）除……之外；besides除……之外（还）。第一空，根据“No, we are all here... Peter.”可知，问句询问的是每个人都到了吗，需使用everybody；第二空，根据“No”可知，除了彼得，“我们”都在这里，需使用介词except。故选D。 提升题（测试时间：15分钟） 二、完成句子 1．Everyone seemed to be happy. (改为否定句) seemed to be happy. 【答案】No one/Nobody 【详解】句意：每个人似乎都很开心。原句为肯定句，谓语动词是seemed（seem的过去式），要将句子改为否定句，原句中主语是everyone，表示“每个人”，其否定意义对应的表达是no one或nobody，表示“没有人”，谓语动词形式保持不变，其他部分也保持不变。故填No one/Nobody。 2．the game, started, while, was, I, still, on the way, to the stadium.(连词成句) 【答案】The game started while I was still on the way to the stadium. 【详解】分析所给单词，该句是时间状语从句。“The game started”为主句，“The game”是主句主语，started为谓语；“while I was still on the way to the stadium”为时间状语从句，“while”为连词，“I”为从句主语，“was”为系动词，“still”为副词，“on the way to the stadium”作表语。故填The game started while I was still on the way to the stadium.“比赛开始时，我还在去体育馆的路上。” 3．Some children stop playing computer games after their parents go home. (保持句意基本不变) Some children don’t their parents go home. 【答案】stop playing computer games until 【详解】句意：一些孩子在父母回家后就停止玩电脑游戏。句子可以表达为“一些孩子直到父母回家才停止玩电脑游戏”，not…until“直到……才”，stop playing computer games“停止玩电脑游戏”，don’t后跟动词原形。故填stop playing computer games until。 4．He went to bed after he finished his homework. (保持句意) He to bed he finished his homework. 【答案】 didn’t go until 【详解】句意：他完成作业后就去睡觉了。原句用after引导时间状语从句，表达“在……之后”的含义。要求保持句意不变，需替换为not...until...结构，该短语表示“直到……才……”，符合“完成作业后才去睡觉”的逻辑；原句时态为一般过去时，went是实义动词过去式，变否定需借助助动词didn’t，went还原为go。故填didn’t go；until。 5．I checked the computer carefully and found nothing wrong. (改为同义句) I checked the computer carefully and find wrong. 【答案】 didn’t anything 【详解】句意：我仔细检查了电脑，没有发现任何问题。原句中“found nothing wrong”表示“没有发现任何问题”，nothing意为“没有什么”，表示否定意义。在改为同义句时，需要使用具有否定意义的结构来表达相同的意思，可以使用“didn’t find anything wrong”，其中didn’t是did not的缩写，表示否定，anything用于否定句中表示“任何东西”。故填didn’t；anything。 6．I will call you as soon as I get the news. (对划线部分提问) will you call me? 【答案】When 【详解】句意：我一得到消息就会给你打电话。由划线部分“as soon as I get the news”可知，此处要对时间进行提问，询问“你什么时候给我打电话？”。对时间提问用“When”，意为“什么时候”，句首首字母大写。故填When。 7．When he had read the note, he ate it. (对划线部分提问) 【答案】What did he do when he had read the note? 【详解】句意：他看完便条就把它吃了。划线部分是he ate it可知，此处是用what来提问，根据语境是一般过去时态，含有实意动词，变成特殊疑问句要借助助动词did，What did he do when he had read the note?“他看了便条后做了什么？”故填What did he do when he had read the note? 8．the actors performed on the stage/ they received warm applause from the audience (选词成句until, while, as soon as) 【答案】As soon as the actors performed on the stage, they received warm applause from the audience./While the actors performed on the stage, they received warm applause from the audience. 【详解】根据单词提示可知，此处想表达的是“演员们在舞台上表演，收到了观众的热烈掌声”。时态为一般过去时。as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，强调两个动作先后紧密衔接。后接从句the actors performed on the stage；主句为they received warm applause from the audience；“while” 引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，此句表示演员们在舞台上表演的过程中，同时收到了观众的热烈掌声，符合语境。故填As soon as the actors performed on the stage, they received warm applause from the audience.“演员们一在舞台上表演，他们就收到了观众的热烈掌声。”/While the actors performed on the stage, they received warm applause from the audience.“当演员们在舞台上表演时，他们收到了观众的热烈掌声。” 9．when, how, Betty, me, me, cheer, knows, worries, something, to, up . 【答案】Betty knows how to cheer me up when something worries me 【详解】根据标点及所给词可知，本句应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，Betty 作主语，位于句首；knows作谓语；how to cheer me up作宾语；when引导时间状语从句；在从句中：something作主语，worries作谓语，me作宾语，位于句末。故填Betty knows how to cheer me up when something worries me“贝蒂知道当我担心的时候如何让我振作起来”。 10．After she got enough experience, Ann started her own business. (改为同义句) 【答案】Ann didn’t start her own business until she got enough experience. 【详解】句意：在积累了足够的经验之后，安便开始了自己的创业之路。分析句子结构可知，“获得经验”是“开始创业”的前提，可以用not...until...“直到……才……”来转换句子；转换后句子主语变为“Ann”，将原句的时间状语从句“after...”通过“until”衔接，并用“didn’t”构成否定，后接动词原形start。故填Ann didn’t start her own business until she got enough experience. 11．The bell rang. The students ran out of the classroom.  (用when合并成一句) 【答案】When the bell rang, the students ran out of the classroom./The students ran out of the classroom when the bell rang. 【详解】句意：铃响了。学生们跑出教室。将第一个句子“The bell rang”改为由when引导的时间状语从句，主句是第二个句子“the students ran out of the classroom”，合并后强调“铃声响起”是“学生们跑出”的时间背景。故填When the bell rang, the students ran out of the classroom. / The students ran out of the classroom when the bell rang. 12．The rain stopped. They went to the playground. (用as soon as合并句子) 【答案】As soon as the rain stopped, they went to the playground. 【详解】句意：雨停了。他们去了操场。用as soon as合并句子时，as soon as引导时间状语从句，表示雨一停，他们就去了操场。故填As soon as the rain stopped, they went to the playground. 13．I was doing my homework. My best friend called me. (last night) (用when或while合并) 【答案】I was doing my homework when my best friend called me last night./While I was doing my homework, my best friend called me last night. 【详解】句意：我正在做作业。我最好的朋友打来了电话。when和while都表示“当……的时候”。when强调某个时间点发生的动作，朋友打电话是瞬间动作。while强调两个动作同时进行，“做作业”是持续动作，“打电话”是穿插动作。故填I was doing my homework when my best friend called me last night./While I was doing my homework, my best friend called me last night. 14．There’s something exciting in the mountains.  (改为一般疑问句) there exciting in the mountains? 【答案】 Is anything 【详解】句意：山里有一些令人兴奋的事物。There’s是There is的缩写，变一般疑问句，需将is提到there前，首字母大写，肯定句中的something在疑问句中要变成anything。故填Is；anything。 15．She stood at the window for a long time, but she didn’t see anything unusual outside. (改为同义句) She stood at the window for a long time, but she unusual outside. 【答案】 saw nothing 【详解】句意：她在窗口站了很长时间，但她没有看到外面有什么不寻常的东西。not...anything可以转化成nothing，由“didn’t”可知时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式saw。故填saw；nothing。 三、选词填空 用some、any、somebody、anybody、nobody、something、anything、nothing、somewhere、anywhere等词完成句子。 1．I’m sure will come to help us if we are in trouble. 2．Is there in the box? It is so light. 3．May I have chocolate, Mum? 4．There isn’t water in the bottle. It’s empty. 5．I don’t have to stay. 6．He couldn’t find to help him carry the heavy box. 7．I know we can go. 8．There must be wrong with my watch. It isn’t working. 9． in the class knows the answer to this difficult maths problem. It’s really too hard. 10．There is wrong with my bike. It can run very well. 【答案】 1．somebody 2．anything 3．some 4．any 5．anywhere 6．anybody 7．somewhere 8．something 9．Nobody 10．nothing 【解析】1．句意：我相信如果我们遇到麻烦，会有人来帮助我们。根据“if we are in trouble”可知此处需要表示“某人”的不定代词，且是肯定句，故填somebody。 2．句意：盒子里有什么东西吗？它很轻。根据“It is so light.”可知此处需要表示“任何东西”，疑问句中表示“任何东西”用anything，故填anything。 3．句意：妈妈，我可以吃一些巧克力吗？此处表示“一些”，表示请求或建议时，用some表示“一些”，故填some。 4．句意：瓶子里没有水了。它是空的。根据“It’s empty.”可知此处需要表示“任何”，此处是否定句中，表示“任何”用any，故填any。 5．句意：我没有地方可待。根据句意，根据“we can go”可知，此处表示“任何地方”，否定句中表示“任何地方”用anywhere，故填anywhere。 6．句意：他找不到人来帮他搬这个重箱子。根据“carry the heavy box”可知此处需要表示“任何人”，否定句中表示“任何人”用anybody，故填anybody。 7．句意：我知道我们可以去某个地方。肯定句中表示“某个地方”用somewhere，故填somewhere。 8．句意：我的手表一定出了什么问题。它不走了。根据“It isn’t working.”可知此处需要表示“某物”，肯定句中表示“某物”用something，且“something wrong”是固定搭配，故填something。 9．句意：班上没有人知道这道难数学题的答案。它真的太难了。根据“It’s really too hard.”可知此处需要表示“没有人”的不定代词，故填Nobody。 10．句意：我的自行车没有问题。它跑得很好。根据“It can run very well.”可知此处表示自行车没有问题，否定句中表示“没有问题”用nothing wrong，故填nothing。 用方框中所给单词填空。 everyone  something  nothing  someone  anywhere 1．—Would you like to drink, sir? —Yes. A cup of coffee. 2．—Tom, did you go interesting last Sunday? —Yes, I went to the zoo. 3．This math problem is too easy. I’m sure in our class can work it out. 4．It rained all day. I had to do but sleep. 5．—Mum, is ringing the doorbell. —OK, I’m coming. 【答案】1．something 2．anywhere 3．everyone 4．nothing 5．someone 【解析】1．句意：——先生，您想要喝点什么吗？——是的，一杯咖啡。根据“Would you like ... to drink, sir?”可知，would you like...?表示委婉请求，期望得到肯定回答，因此something“一些东西”，符合题意。故填something。 2．句意：——汤姆，上周日你去了什么有趣的地方吗？——是的，我去了动物园。根据“Tom, did you go ... interesting last Sunday?”是一般疑问句可知，应用anywhere，意为“任何地方”。故填anywhere。 3．句意：这道数学题太简单了。我确信我们班的每个人都能解出来。根据“This math problem is too easy. ”可知，数学题很简单，由此推知班上每个人都能做出来；everyone“每个人”，符合题意。故填everyone。 4．句意：下了一整天的雨。我除了睡觉无事可做。根据“It rained all day. I had ... to do but sleep.”可知，除了睡觉别的什么也没做，nothing符合题意；have nothing to do but...意为“除了……无事可做”。故填nothing。 5．句意：—— 妈妈，有人在按门铃。——好的，我来了。根据“Mum, ... is ringing the doorbell. ”可知，有人在按门铃，指不明身份的某人，应用someone。故填someone。 用方框中所给的词填空。 when， whenever， after， until， since 1．I did not go home it was dark. 2．I got to know her brother I was a boy. 3． the boy watched TV, he went to bed. 4． he gets the chance, he reads his favourite books. 5．Great changes have taken place in your hometown you left. 【答案】1．until 2．when 3．After 4．Whenever 5．since 【解析】1．句意：我直到天黑了才回家。根据“I did not go home”和“it was dark”可知，此处指天黑才回家，not…until“直到……才……”，故填until。 2．句意：我小时候认识了她的哥哥。根据“I got to know her brother”和“I was a boy”可知，此处指当我是一名男孩时就认识了她哥哥，when“当……时”，故填when。 3．句意：男孩看完电视后，他去睡觉了。根据“the boy watched TV, he went to bed”可知，此处指他看完电视后，睡觉了，after“在……之后”，故填After。 4．句意：只要有机会，他就读他最喜欢的书。根据“he gets the chance, he reads his favourite books”可知，此处指无论何时有机会，他就读喜欢的书，whenever“无论何时”，故填whenever。 5．句意：自从你离开后，你的家乡发生了巨大的变化。“you left”是一般过去时，“Great changes have taken place in your hometown”是现在完成时，所以句子是since引导的时间状语从句，故填since。 读句子，选择合适的词或者短语填空，每个选项限用一次。 anybody, nobody, while, so that, since, if, until 1．We stayed there she arrived. 2．He has made a lot of progress he started to learn English last month. 3．I can look after myself. I do not depend on else. 4． I start after dinner, I’ll finish it before I go to bed. 5．Suddenly I realised that I was alone. There was there to look after me. 6． they were watching TV, we listened to music and sang traditional songs. 7．Would you please leave us your phone number we can keep in touch with you? 【答案】1．until 2．since 3．anybody 4．If 5．nobody 6．While 7．so that 【解析】1．句意：我们一直待在那里，直到她到达。根据“We stayed there…she arrived.”可知，此处指的是“直到她到达”，until意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句。故填until。 2．句意：自从他上个月开始学英语以来，他已经取得了很大的进步。根据“He has made a lot of progress…he started to learn English last month.”可知，此处指的是“自从他开始学习英语”，since意为“自从”，引导时间状语从句。故填since。 3．句意：我能照顾好自己。我不依赖其他任何人。根据“I can look after myself.”可知，此处指的是“不依赖任何人”，anybody意为“任何人”，不定代词，作宾语。故填anybody。 4．句意：如果我在晚饭后开始，我会在睡觉前完成它。根据“…I start after dinner, I’ll finish it before I go to bed.”可知，前半句是后半句的肯定条件，if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。故填If。 5．句意：突然我意识到我是一个人。那里没有人照顾我。根据“Suddenly I realised that I was alone.”可知，此处指的是“没有人照顾我”，nobody意为“没有人”，不定代词作主语。故填nobody。 6．句意：当他们看电视时，我们听音乐，唱传统歌曲。根据“…they were watching TV, we listened to music and sang traditional songs.”可知，此处指的是“当他们看电视时”，while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填While。 7．句意：你能把你的电话号码留给我们以便我们能和你保持联系吗？根据“Would you please leave us your phone number…we can keep in touch with you?”可知，留电话号码的目的是保持联系，so that意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句。故填so that。 拓展题（测试时间：20分钟） 四、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the development of science and technology, AI robots are entering more families. Last month, my family bought a smart robot named “TechHelper”. It 1 (design) to make our daily life easier. Every morning, it wakes me up by playing soft music and even prepares a healthy breakfast based on our 2 (prefer). TechHelper is also great at helping with homework. When I meet difficult math problems, it explains them 3 (clear) with simple examples. It can also read English stories aloud, which helps improve my pronunciation. 4 (important), it never gets tired and is always ready to help. On weekends, TechHelper becomes a family entertainment partner. It can play chess with my dad, dance with my mom, and even take photos for us. Last week, it took a lot of beautiful photos during our family trip and made a short video to record the happy moments. We were all surprised by 5 (it) amazing skills. However, TechHelper has some small shortcomings. Sometimes it can’t understand our words if we speak too fast. And it needs 6 (charge) for two hours every day. But these problems don’t stop us from loving it. My parents often say that TechHelper is not just a machine, but a part of our family. It teaches me that technology can bring people closer. I believe that in the future, more 7 (advance) AI robots will be invented to help people live 8 better life. What do you think of AI robots? 9 you ever had a chance to use one? If not, do you want to have a smart robot like TechHelper in your home? Technology is changing our lives every day, and we should learn to accept and make good use 10 it. 【答案】 1．is designed 2．preferences 3．clearly 4．Importantly 5．its 6．to be charged/charging 7．advanced 8．a 9．Have 10．of 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家中新买的智能机器人TechHelper的功能、优点以及一些小缺点，并展望了未来AI机器人的发展前景。 1．句意：它被设计用来让我们的日常生活更轻松。根据“...to make our daily life easier”可知，此处描述的是机器人的设计目的，应用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数。故填is designed。 2．句意：每天早上，它通过播放轻柔的音乐叫醒我，甚至根据我们的偏好准备健康的早餐。根据“our”可知，此处指“我们的偏好”，形物代后面加名词，应用名词复数形式。故填preferences。 3．句意：当我遇到困难的数学问题时，它用简单的例子清晰地解释它们。根据“explains them”可知，此处修饰动词“explains”，应用副词形式。故填clearly。 4．句意：重要的是，它从不疲倦，总是乐于助人。根据空后逗号可知，此处是独立成分，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式且首字母大写。故填Importantly。 5．句意：我们都对它惊人的技能感到惊讶。根据“amazing skills”可知，此处指“它的技能”，名词前应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 6．句意：它每天需要充电两个小时。主语与动词逻辑上是被动关系，此处是“need to be done”结构，表示被动。或者用“need doing”表示被动，故填to be charged/charging。 7．句意：我相信未来会有更先进的AI机器人被发明出来帮助人们过上更好的生活。此处修饰名词“AI robots”，应用形容词形式。故填advanced。 8．句意：帮助人们过上更好的生活。此处是固定搭配“live a better life”，life在表示“某种方式的生活”时是可数的。故填a。 9．句意：你曾经有机会使用过吗？根据“ever had”可知，此处是现在完成时的一般疑问句，主语是you，助动词用have。故填Have。 10．句意：科技每天都在改变我们的生活，我们应该学会接受并好好利用它。此处是固定搭配“make good use of”表示“好好利用”。故填of。 The Himalayan Mountains have the third 1 (large) glaciers (冰川) in the world. But now the first study of this place shows that it lost 2 ( ton) of ice from 2000 to 2016. “This is the 3 (one) overall look at what has exactly happened to glaciers in the Himalayas over a 40-year time,” 4 (say) the lead writer Joshua Maurer, “Our study shows a huge glacier ice loss because of the rising temperatures from climate change,” Maurer says. “Nearly a quarter of the area’s ice has been lost over the last 40 years. Temperatures in the area have risen 1℃ 5 (high) than those from 1975 to 2000，and one degree is enough 6 (produce) such a huge loss.” The ice and snow in the area are the head of Asia’s great rivers. The study does not include the high mountains nearby, but other studies suggest that similar melting is going on there as well. This melting means more floods and glacial lakes. In May 2012, one such flood 7 (kill) over 60 people in villages near Pokhara, Nepal. It also pulled down houses in these villages. Besides, around 800 million people depend on rivers from Himalayan glaciers for farming, drinking water and 8 (make) electricity. The melting 9 (increase) the river water during warm seasons, but scientists say that the river water will become much 10 (little) in a few years as the glaciers lose rapidly. 【答案】 1．largest 2．tons 3．first 4．says 5．higher 6．to produce 7．killed 8．making 9．increases 10．less 【导语】本文为说明文，主要讲述喜马拉雅山脉冰川因气候变化等原因融化，带来洪水等影响，还关乎数亿人用水及电力等情况。 1．句意：喜马拉雅山脉拥有世界上第三大的冰川。根据“The Himalayan Mountains have the third…glaciers in the world.”可知，“the+序数词+形容词最高级”表示“第几最……的”，是固定结构，所以用“large”的最高级“largest”。故填largest。 2．句意：但现在对这个地方的第一项研究表明，从2000年到2016年，它失去了大量的冰。根据“But now the first study of this place shows that it lost…of ice from 2000 to 2016.”可知，“tons of”是固定短语，意为“大量的；成吨的”，用来修饰不可数名词“ice”。故填tons。 3．句意：这是第一次全面观察喜马拉雅冰川40年间的确切变化。根据“This is the…overall look at what has exactly happened to glaciers in the Himalayas over a 40-year time”可知，此处表示“第一个”，要用“one”的序数词“first”。故填first。 4．句意：首席作者Joshua Maurer说道。根据“…the lead writer Joshua Maurer”可知，句子主语“the lead writer Joshua Maurer”是第三人称单数，且句子时态为一般现在时，所以动词“say”要用第三人称单数形式“says”。故填says。 5．句意：该地区的气温比1975年至2000年的气温高了1摄氏度，1摄氏度就足以造成如此巨大的损失。根据“Temperatures in the area have risen 1℃…than those from 1975 to 2000”可知，句中有“than”，是比较级的标志词，所以用“high”的比较级“higher”。故填higher。 6．句意：该地区的气温比1975年至2000年的气温高了1摄氏度，1摄氏度就足以造成如此巨大的损失。根据“and one degree is enough…such a huge loss”可知，“be enough to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“足够做某事”，所以用动词不定式“to produce”。故填to produce。 7．句意：2012年5月，这样的一场洪水在尼泊尔博卡拉附近的村庄造成60多人死亡。根据“In May 2012, one such flood…over 60 people in villages near Pokhara, Nepal.”可知，时间状语“In May 2012”表明句子时态为一般过去时，所以动词“kill”要用过去式“killed”。故填killed。 8．句意：此外，大约8亿人依靠喜马拉雅冰川的河流进行农业、饮用水和发电。根据“for farming, drinking water and… electricity”及并列结构，此处需用动名词与前面形式一致，所以用“making”。故填making。 9．句意：冰川融化在温暖季节增加了河流水量，但科学家说，随着冰川迅速消融，几年后河水将大幅减少。根据“The melting…the river water during warm seasons”可知，句子描述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“The melting”是动名词，视为单数，所以动词“increase”要用第三人称单数形式“increases”。故填increases。 10．句意：冰川融化在温暖季节增加了河流水量，但科学家说，随着冰川迅速消融，几年后河水将大幅减少。根据“but scientists say that the river water will become much…in a few years as the glaciers lose rapidly”可知，“much”用来修饰比较级，“little”的比较级是“less”。故填less。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 As China grows stronger and stronger, more and more foreign people have started to learn Chinese. However, most of them find it difficult 1 (learn) Chinese. The problem 2 (catch) the attention of a famous AI company in China these years. To help foreigners learn Chinese, it has developed 3 phone app called iFLY Chinese. With the help of AI-based voice technology, the app users can learn Chinese wisely and 4 (quick). When users speak into the app in 5 (they) own languages, the app can turn the voice messages into Chinese. When they read sentences in Chinese, it will give them feedback (反馈). It can also correct their mistakes in their pronunciation and grammar. Finally, it will provide them 6 word cards to practice and review. With the help of the app, many people have the ability to speak and use Chinese. Henry is one of them. He was born in Australia. He started to learn Chinese two years ago. He 7 (make) great progress since he started to use the app. Now he can have conversations with his friends. The app has been very popular in foreign countries since its 8 (develop). Now it is being used by hundreds of 9 (thousand) of people. They are in more than one hundred countries. 10 quickly the number of its users has increased. 【答案】 1．to learn 2．has caught 3．a 4．quickly 5．their 6．with 7．has made 8．development 9．thousands 10．How 【导语】本文介绍了一款名为iFLY Chinese的智能手机应用程序，该应用旨在帮助外国人学习中文。 1．句意：然而，他们中的大多数人发现汉语很难学。根据“However, most of them find it difficult…Chinese.”可知，句中it是形式宾语，所以空处用动词不定式作真正的宾语。故填to learn。 2．句意：近年来，这个问题引起了中国一家著名人工智能公司的注意。根据“The problem…the attention of a famous AI company in China these years.”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为三单形式，助动词用has，catch的过去分词为caught。故填has caught。 3．句意：为了帮助外国人学习汉语，它开发了一款名为iFLY Chinese的智能手机应用程序。根据“To help foreigners learn Chinese, it has developed…phone app called iFLY Chinese.”可知，此处是指一个手机app，且phone是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4．句意：在基于人工智能的语音技术的帮助下，该应用程序的用户可以明智且快速地学习中文。根据“With the help of AI-based voice…the app users can learn Chinese wisely and…”可知，空处修饰动词learn，所以用quick的副词形式quickly“快速地”。故填quickly。 5．句意：当用户用自己的语言对着应用说话时，应用可以将语音信息转换成中文。根据“in…own languages”可知，此处是指用他们自己的语言，所以应用they的形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的”。故填their。 6．句意：最后，它会提供单词卡片供他们练习和复习。根据“provide them…word cards”可知，此处为固定搭配provide sb. with sth.表示“给某人提供某物”。故填with。 7．句意：自从他开始使用这款应用以来，他取得了很大的进步。根据“He…great progress since he started to use the app.”可知，句子是现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语是he，助动词用has，make的过去分词为made。故填has made。 8．句意：这款应用自开发以来在国外非常受欢迎。根据“The app has been very popular in foreign countries since its…”可知，空前为形容词性物主代词，此处应用develop的名词形式development表示“开发”。故填development。 9．句意：现在它被成千上万的人使用。根据“hundreds of…of people”可知，此处为固定表达hundreds of thousands of表示“成千上万的”。故填thousands。 10．句意：它的用户数量增长得多么快啊！根据“…quickly the number of its users has increased.”可知，此处是感叹句，quickly是副词，感叹句结构为“How+副词+主语+谓语”，表示“多么……”。故填How。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is the best virtue (美德)? What can we learn from water? Laozi, a famous Chinese 1 (think), wrote Tao Te Ching (《道德经》) around 2,500 years ago. He might have an answer in this book. Laozi tells us that the top character is just like water. All the lives in the world cannot live 2 water, but water never asks for anything in return. It benefits (使受益) all, 3 (compete) with none. It keeps giving in silence. In dealing with people, we can act as water. Firstly, do our best to help 4 (other) and try not to get anything back. At the same time, stay humble (谦逊的). Don’t always talk about the help you gave to other people. 5 you are in a difficult situation, you need to stay calm (冷静的). After all, water will not choose where 6 (be), and it just goes to where it is needed. If you follow these ideas, you can solve all your problems more 7 (easy). The Chinese nation has always 8   (hold) Laozi’s ideas about water. In 2014, President Xi Jinping mentioned it at the welcome dinner of the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing. He said APEC 9 (member) were brought together by the water of the Pacific Ocean. As a result, each country had the responsibility (责任) to make the Pacific 10 ocean of peace, friendship and cooperation (合作). This is the wisdom (智慧) water brings us. 【答案】 1．thinker 2．without 3．competing 4．others 5．When 6．to be 7．easily 8．held 9．members 10．an 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名思想家老子的《道德经》中关于水的观点。 1．句意：大约2500年前，中国著名思想家老子撰写了《道德经》。根据“Laozi”可知，此句是说他是位有名的思想家。think“思考”，动词，其名词thinker意为“思想家”，根据不定冠词“a”可知，用单数。故填thinker。 2．句意：世界上所有的生命都不能没有水而生存，但是水从不要求任何回报。根据“All the lives in the world cannot live ”可知，此句是说生命没有水无法生存。without“没有”，介词。故填without。 3．句意：它使一切都受益，不与任何人竞争。compete“比赛，竞争”，动词，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。故填competing。 4．句意：首先，尽我们最大的努力去帮助别人，尽量不要得到任何回报。根据“do our best to help”可知，此句是说尽力去帮助别人。other“其他的”，其变形others，意为“其他人/物”，代词。故填others。 5．句意：当你身处困境时，也要保持冷静。根据“you need to stay calm”可知，前句是后句的时间状语，应用when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。故填When。 6．句意：毕竟，水不会选择去哪里，它只是去需要它的地方。句中谓语动词“choose”跟“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。故填to be。 7．句意：如果你遵循这些想法，你可以更容易地解决你所有的问题。此处用副词修饰动词“solve”，形容词easy的副词为easily，意为“容易地”。故填easily。 8．句意：中华民族历来秉持老子的水观。根据“has always”可知，此句用现在完成时，其构成为“has/have done”。故填held。 9．句意：他说，亚太经合组织成员是由太平洋的水聚集在一起的。member“成员”，可数名词，根据系动词“were”可知，此处用复数。故填members。 10．句意：因此，每个国家都有责任使太平洋成为和平、友谊与合作的海洋。根据“each country had the responsibility (责任) to make the Pacific”可知，此句是说让太平洋成为一个和平、友谊与合作的海洋，此处表示泛指，“ocean”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 2 / 21 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $