Unit 6 课时6 Oral Communication（分层作业）英语仁爱科普版2024八年级上册

Unit 6 Earth and Beyond Unit 6 课时6 Oral Communication分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. rise v.升起；上升 句型 1. I arrived on Mars with my parents last week. There is no air here, so we have to produce some by ourselves. 我上周和父母一起来到了火星。这里没有空气，所以我们必须自己制造一些。 2. Mars is colder than Earth and the Sun rises from the east. 火星比地球更冷，太阳从东方升起。 3. There is a wonderful view of two small moons in the sky at night. 夜空中可以看到两颗小月亮，景色很美。 4. Yesterday, I went to the National Park in Olympus Mons with my classmates. 昨天，我和同学们去了奥林匹斯山的国家公园。 5. Everyone has a small spacecraft to get around on Mars. 在火星上，每个人都有一艘小型宇宙飞船代步。 6. Last night, I was designing my own spacecraft. 昨晚，我正在设计自己的宇宙飞船。 7. I hope I can explore the whole universe one day. 我希望有一天能探索整个宇宙。 8. Tell me something interesting about your experiences on Jupiter. 和我聊聊你在木星上的有趣经历吧。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years. 2．Scientists have to (制造) new rockets to explore Mars. 3．We are looking forward to (听到) about the new space telescope. 4．Astronauts share their space (经历) with students, which are much more exciting than stories from textbooks. 5．Every planet in our solar system has its (自己的) unique features. 6．A Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work, he spends lots of time with his family. 7．Do you think this good habit is (普遍的) among young people? 8．The mistake is (类似的) to the one that you made yesterday. 9．The new satellite (到达) in space last week. It can take much clearer photos than before. 10．The more people use water, the water becomes. (dirty) 二、完成句子 11．当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。 When he up, the sun was . 12．虽然说想拥有成功的孩子很正常，但是拥有快乐的孩子更重要。 it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even to have happy children. 13．尽管其他人违反规则，但是我们应该等待绿灯。 We should for the green light others break the rule. 14．我最好的朋友和我兴趣相仿。我们俩都对中国的传统服装很感兴趣。 My best friend and I me. We are both interested in . 15．我越了解吉姆，就越意识到我们有很多共同点。 The more I get to know Jim, the more I realize that we have a lot . 三、补全对话 A: Look at that bright star! 16 B: No, the North Star is smaller. That’s actually Jupiter—it looks bigger because it’s a planet. A: Wow! 17 B: Stars twinkle because their light passes through Earth’s atmosphere before we see it. A: 18 B: That’s the Big Dipper! If you follow its pointer stars, you’ll find the North Star. A: Why does the Moon look bigger tonight? B: It’s a supermoon! The Moon is at its closest point to Earth. A: 19 B: Yes! That reddish one over there. Mars is smaller than Earth but colder. A: I wish I could be an astronaut! B: Me too! 20 A．Can we see Mars now? B．Is it the North Star? C．Scientists believe humans will land on Mars within 20 years. D．Why do stars twinkle but planets don’t? E．What makes Mars look red? F．What’s that group of stars shaped like a spoon? G．Maybe we’ll walk on Mars someday. 一、完形填空 Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. It is hoped that people could start all over again and 1 a better world on Mars. Here is what life there could be like. At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of 2 to Mars—it would take months. With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might 3 take about 20 minutes in spaceships that travel at the speed of light! So far, nobody knows whether there would be enough 4 or air on Mars for people. After all, they are the most important to human life. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether plants could grow on Mars. Food would most probably be in the form of pills (药片) and would not be so tasty. Compared with life on the earth, life on Maurs would be 5 in some ways. People would have more 6 . They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. Also, robots would do a lot of their work so that they could have more time to 7 . There would probably be no schools on Mars. Every student would 8 at online schools with “e-teachers”. However, life on Mars would be 9 . There are still many difficulties for us to overcome. It may take hundreds of years to make it 10 . So the most important thing we need to do now is to protect our beautiful blue planet—the earth! 1．A．imagine B．protect C．build D．draw 2．A．passengers B．teachers C．doctors D．reporters 3．A．only B．even C．still D．hardly 4．A．money B．ice C．time D．water 5．A．cheaper B．better C．luckier D．slower 6．A．work B．space C．food D．light 7．A．express B．plan C．write D．relax 8．A．practice B．rest C．study D．sleep 9．A．exciting B．challenging C．surprising D．interesting 10．A．break out B．break down C．come out D．come true 二、阅读理解 A Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. It is141 million miles away from the sun. A year on Mars is 687 earth-day long. One day is about the same as on the earth: 24 hours long. Mars is about half the size of the earth. Because Mars is smaller than the earth, and its gravity is also less. If you weigh 100 pounds on the earth, you’d weigh about 38 pounds on Mars. Mars’ surface looks like a red desert. There are mountains, canyons (峡谷), volcanoes (火山) and so on. It is a dry planet without any liquid water (液态水). It does have ice caps at its north and south. Some of this ice is frozen (冻结的) carbon dioxide. Evidence shows that Mars once had rivers, streams, lakes, and maybe even an ocean. Scientists guess that there once was water on the surface of Mars that created these.Today the only water on Mars is either frozen in the ice caps or underground. Mars has mountains that are much higher than the mountains on the earth. OlympusMons, the biggest volcano in the whole solar system, stands 17 miles tall! Mars also has bigger and deeper canyons than the earth’s. Some of these are sixty miles long and five or six miles deep. How amazing! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．How long is the time of a year on Mars? A．About one year on the earth. B．Nearly two years on the earth. C．More than three years on the earth. D．About four years on the earth. 12．According to the passage, the gravity onMars is about ________ as strong as it’s on the earth. A．four fifths B．three fifths C．two fifths D．one fifth 13．What does the surface of Mars look like? A．A red desert. B．Liquid water. C．The surface of Earth. D．The surface of the ocean. 14．The underlined word “Evidence” means ________ in Chinese. A．材料 B．起源 C．清单 D．迹象 15．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Earth is Different from Mars B．The Fourth Planet from the Sun C．Olympus M ons on Mars D．The Gravity on Mars B Is there intelligent life on other planets? For years, scientists said “no” or “we don’t know”. But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers (天文学家). They believe intelligent life exists (存在) somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon contact (接触) these beings (生物). Why do they think so? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life. The second reason is size. The universe is huge. “Tools like the Hubble Telescope (哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies (星系). And our galaxy, the Milky Way (银河系), has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.” In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets, the size of Mars or Earth, in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life. Have beings from space already visited Earth? “Probably not,” says Barnett. “It’s a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other ways, such as radio signals (信号). In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don’t have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other.” 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 16．Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are ________. A．astronomers B．artists C．teachers 17．What is the best title of this passage? A．The Age and Size of Earth B．Our galaxy, the Milky Way C．Why Intelligent Life Might Exist 18．Why was it hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the past? A．Because there were not any smaller planets. B．Because there were not any powerful telescopes. C．Because the Milky Way didn’t exist at that time 19．There are ________ reasons why intelligent life exists on other planets. A．two B．three C．four 20．What does the underlined phrase “life forms” mean? A．Messages. B．Radio signals. C．Intelligent beings. 一、短文填空 A Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more c 1 and polluted because of the increase in population. It is hoped that people could start to b 2 a better world on Mars. Here is what life there could be like. At present, our spaceship are too slow to carry large numbers of passengers to Mars-it would take months, with the development of t 3 , by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spaceship that travel at the speed of light! However, the spaceship would travel so fast that the journey to Mars might be quite uncomfortable. Many people would f 4 ill. Humans cannot survive (活下来) without water, oxygen or f 5 . So far, nobody knows whether there would be enough water or oxygen on Mars for people there. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether plants could g 6 on Mars. Food would most probably be in the form of pills (药丸) and would not be so tasty. Gravity(重力) could be a 7 problem. The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth. People would have to wear boots that are specially designed(设计) to stop themselves from floating(飘) off into space. C 8 with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. People would have more space. They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. What’s m 9 , robots would do most of their work so that they could have more time to relax. There would probably be no schools on Mars. Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network, they would study at online schools with “e-teachers”. Life on Mars would be i 10 as well as challenging(有挑战性的). B 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文道顺、意思完整．每空限填一词． Mars has been 11 popular space exploration. Countries 12 the US and Russia have been exploring it since the 1960s. “It can be said 13 Mars is the second most popular-heavenly body after the moon.” said Li Chunlai, vice chief engineer of China’s Mars exploration mission. This is particularly because Mars is relatively close to the earth compared to other planets. Also, its environment is quite similar 14 that of the earth. Scientists have tried to look for signs of life on Mars and understand how it may have developed. Learning more about this 15 help us understand the history of the earth, as well as help us find another home in the future. C Scientists think that 16 has been life on earth for 17 (million) of years. However, we haven’t found life on other planets yet. The earth is a planet and 18 goes around the sun. And there are seven other planets that also go around the sun. The sun and its planets are 19 (call) the solar system. The solar system is 20 small part of the universe. Scientists have launched many spaceships to 21 [ɪkˈsplɔː(r)] other planets in the solar system. Some spaceships have gone 22 [bɪˈjɒnd] the solar system. However, no one 23 discovered any life in space yet. Why has no one from other planets 24 ( send) us a message? Have they tried to send 25   (information) to us? With so many stars in space, are we alone, or is there life on other planets in space? 一、任务型阅读 Chang’e-5 has returned from the moon to Earth. The mission’s success made China the third country to bring back samples (样本) from the moon. Chang’e-5 was China’s third mission to land on the moon, and it’s first to get samples from the moon. There were no astronauts on this trip. Scientists ran the mission with robotic machines. Chang’e-5 was launched (发射) from Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on November 24th, 2020. On December 1st, it got to the moon. During the stay on the moon, it got 1,731 grams of lunar samples. On December 3rd, our national flag was shown on the moon. After that, Chang’e-5 was ready to go home. On December 17th, Chang’e-5 landed safely in Inner Mongolia. Chang’e-5 was the first mission to get samples from the moon in over 40 years. The samples will help scientists better understand the history of the moon and the solar system. The Chang’e-5 mission has made many Chinese people excited and proud of their country’s success. The mission also showed that China has a first-rate (一流的) space program that is able to compete with other countries. Answer the following questions according to what you read. 1．Was Chang’e-5 China’s first mission to get samples from the moon? 2．When was Chang’e-5 launched? 3．How long has Chang-5 been in space? 4．Who could use the samples to do some research? 5．As Chinese, how do we feel about Chang’e-5’s success? ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Earth and Beyond Unit 6 课时6 Oral Communication分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. rise v.升起；上升 句型 1. I arrived on Mars with my parents last week. There is no air here, so we have to produce some by ourselves. 我上周和父母一起来到了火星。这里没有空气，所以我们必须自己制造一些。 2. Mars is colder than Earth and the Sun rises from the east. 火星比地球更冷，太阳从东方升起。 3. There is a wonderful view of two small moons in the sky at night. 夜空中可以看到两颗小月亮，景色很美。 4. Yesterday, I went to the National Park in Olympus Mons with my classmates. 昨天，我和同学们去了奥林匹斯山的国家公园。 5. Everyone has a small spacecraft to get around on Mars. 在火星上，每个人都有一艘小型宇宙飞船代步。 6. Last night, I was designing my own spacecraft. 昨晚，我正在设计自己的宇宙飞船。 7. I hope I can explore the whole universe one day. 我希望有一天能探索整个宇宙。 8. Tell me something interesting about your experiences on Jupiter. 和我聊聊你在木星上的有趣经历吧。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years. 【答案】has risen 【详解】句意：人们想知道为什么过去几年里大多数食品的价格上涨得如此之快。根据“in the past few years”可知，应该使用现在完成时，主语为“the price”，是单数，所以应该使用“has”，“rise”的过去分词为“risen”。故填has risen。 2．Scientists have to (制造) new rockets to explore Mars. 【答案】make 【详解】句意：科学家们必须制造新火箭来探索火星。根据中文提示可知，“制造”的英文是make；情态动词have to后接动词原形。故填make。 3．We are looking forward to (听到) about the new space telescope. 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：我们期待听到关于新太空望远镜的消息。hear“听到”，look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”。故填hearing。 4．Astronauts share their space (经历) with students, which are much more exciting than stories from textbooks. 【答案】experiences 【详解】句意：宇航员与学生们分享他们的太空经历，这比课本上的故事更令人兴奋。根据汉语提示，experience表示“经历”，名词；再根据“Astronauts share their space”可知，经历不止一个，故此处应用experience的复数experiences。故填experiences。 5．Every planet in our solar system has its (自己的) unique features. 【答案】own 【详解】句意：太阳系中的每颗行星都有自己独特的特征。自己的：own，形容词，在此处作定语修饰名词features。故填own。 6．A Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work, he spends lots of time with his family. 【答案】(A)lthough 【详解】句意：尽管米勒先生一天的工作结束后感到很疲惫，但他还是会花很多时间陪伴家人。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少连词连接两个句子。“Mr. Miller is tired after a day’s work”与“he spends lots of time with his family.”是让步关系，结合首字母“A”可知，此空应填although表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(A)lthough。 7．Do you think this good habit is (普遍的) among young people? 【答案】common 【详解】句意：你认为这个好习惯在年轻人中是普遍的吗？“普遍的”对应的英文形容词是“common”，“common”在句子中作表语，与be动词“is”构成系表结构。故填common。 8．The mistake is (类似的) to the one that you made yesterday. 【答案】similar 【详解】句意：这个错误和昨天你犯的错误类似。similar“类似的”，形容词作表语。故填similar。 9．The new satellite (到达) in space last week. It can take much clearer photos than before. 【答案】arrived 【详解】句意：新卫星于上周抵达太空。它可以拍出比以前清晰得多的照片。根据汉语提示和“in space last week”可知，此处应用arrive表示“到达”；再根据“last week”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填arrived。 10．The more people use water, the water becomes. (dirty) 【答案】dirtier 【详解】句意：用水的人越多，水就变得越脏。根据“The more people use water”可知，此处符合“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越……越……”，dirty的比较级是dirtier，表示“更脏的”。故填dirtier。 二、完成句子 11．当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。 When he up, the sun was . 【答案】 woke rising 【详解】wake up“醒来”，结合“was”可知，when引导的从句用一般过去时，动词用过去式woke；rise“升起”，结合“正在”可知，主句用过去进行时，第二空用现在分词rising与was构成过去进行时。故填woke；rising。 12．虽然说想拥有成功的孩子很正常，但是拥有快乐的孩子更重要。 it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even to have happy children. 【答案】 Although/Though more important 【详解】although/though“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写；more important“更重要”，比较级形式，作表语。故填Although/Though；more；important。 13．尽管其他人违反规则，但是我们应该等待绿灯。 We should for the green light others break the rule. 【答案】 wait although/though 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“等待”和“虽然”的英文。wait for意为“等待”，固定搭配，情态动词should后跟动词原形，故第一个空填wait；although/though“虽然”引导让步状语从句。故填wait；although/though。 14．我最好的朋友和我兴趣相仿。我们俩都对中国的传统服装很感兴趣。 My best friend and I me. We are both interested in . 【答案】 have similar interests traditional Chinese clothes 【详解】“兴趣相仿”，即“有相似的兴趣”，其英文表达为have similar interests，句子用一般现在时，主语是“My best friend and I”，谓语动词用原形；traditional Chinese clothes“中国的传统服饰”。故填have similar interests；traditional Chinese clothes。 15．我越了解吉姆，就越意识到我们有很多共同点。 The more I get to know Jim, the more I realize that we have a lot . 【答案】in common 【详解】共同的：common；有共同点：have...in common，固定词组。故填in common。 三、补全对话 A: Look at that bright star! 16 B: No, the North Star is smaller. That’s actually Jupiter—it looks bigger because it’s a planet. A: Wow! 17 B: Stars twinkle because their light passes through Earth’s atmosphere before we see it. A: 18 B: That’s the Big Dipper! If you follow its pointer stars, you’ll find the North Star. A: Why does the Moon look bigger tonight? B: It’s a supermoon! The Moon is at its closest point to Earth. A: 19 B: Yes! That reddish one over there. Mars is smaller than Earth but colder. A: I wish I could be an astronaut! B: Me too! 20 A．Can we see Mars now? B．Is it the North Star? C．Scientists believe humans will land on Mars within 20 years. D．Why do stars twinkle but planets don’t? E．What makes Mars look red? F．What’s that group of stars shaped like a spoon? G．Maybe we’ll walk on Mars someday. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．F 19．A 20．G 【导语】本文是A与B关于星空的对话，两人围绕星星、行星以及月球展开交流，还表达了对成为宇航员、探索火星的向往。 16．根据“B: No, the North Star is smaller. That’s actually Jupiter—it looks bigger because it’s a planet.”可知，B用“No”否定回应，并指出那颗星实际是木星而非北极星，说明A的问题是询问那颗亮星是否为北极星。选项B“它是北极星吗？”符合语境。故选B。 17．根据“B: Stars twinkle because their light passes through Earth’s atmosphere before we see it.”可知，B解释了星星闪烁的原因（光线穿过地球大气层），结合前文对话涉及“星星”和“行星”的区别，说明A的问题是询问星星闪烁而行星不闪烁的原因。选项D“为什么星星会闪烁而行星不会？”符合语境。故选D。 18．根据“B: That’s the Big Dipper! If you follow its pointer stars, you’ll find the North Star.”可知，B回答了“那是北斗七星”，而北斗七星的外形像勺子，说明A的问题是询问那组勺子形状的星星是什么。选项F“那组像勺子形状的星星是什么？”符合语境。故选F。 19．根据“B: Yes! That reddish one over there. Mars is smaller than Earth but colder.”可知，B用“Yes”肯定回应，并指出了火星的位置（那边发红的那颗）和特点，说明A的问题是询问现在是否能看到火星。选项A“我们现在能看到火星吗？”符合语境。故选A。 20．根据“A: I wish I could be an astronaut!”以及“B: Me too!”可知，A和B都表达了想成为宇航员的愿望，此处需要延续对太空探索的向往。选项G“也许有一天我们能在火星上行走。”符合语境。故选G。 一、完形填空 Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. It is hoped that people could start all over again and 1 a better world on Mars. Here is what life there could be like. At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of 2 to Mars—it would take months. With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might 3 take about 20 minutes in spaceships that travel at the speed of light! So far, nobody knows whether there would be enough 4 or air on Mars for people. After all, they are the most important to human life. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether plants could grow on Mars. Food would most probably be in the form of pills (药片) and would not be so tasty. Compared with life on the earth, life on Maurs would be 5 in some ways. People would have more 6 . They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. Also, robots would do a lot of their work so that they could have more time to 7 . There would probably be no schools on Mars. Every student would 8 at online schools with “e-teachers”. However, life on Mars would be 9 . There are still many difficulties for us to overcome. It may take hundreds of years to make it 10 . So the most important thing we need to do now is to protect our beautiful blue planet—the earth! 1．A．imagine B．protect C．build D．draw 2．A．passengers B．teachers C．doctors D．reporters 3．A．only B．even C．still D．hardly 4．A．money B．ice C．time D．water 5．A．cheaper B．better C．luckier D．slower 6．A．work B．space C．food D．light 7．A．express B．plan C．write D．relax 8．A．practice B．rest C．study D．sleep 9．A．exciting B．challenging C．surprising D．interesting 10．A．break out B．break down C．come out D．come true 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本篇文章探讨了人类在2100年可能生活在火星上的情景，涉及技术发展、生活条件等方面的展望。 1．句意：人们希望能在火星上重新开始，并创建一个更好的世界。 imagine想象；protect保护；build建造；draw绘画。根据“start all over again”可知，此处指重新建造一个世界，build符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：目前，我们的宇宙飞船太慢，无法运送大量乘客到火星——这需要几个月的时间。 passengers乘客；teachers教师；doctors医生；reporters记者。根据“carry large numbers of”可知，此处指运送大量乘客，passengers符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：随着技术的发展，到2100年，以光速飞行的宇宙飞船可能只需20分钟就能到达火星。 only仅仅；even甚至；still仍然；hardly几乎不。根据“take about 20 minutes”可知，此处强调时间短，only符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：到目前为止，没有人知道火星上是否有足够的水或空气供人类生存。 money钱；ice冰；time时间；water水。根据“or air on Mars for people”可知，此处指水或空气，water符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面会更好。 cheaper更便宜；better更好；luckier更幸运；slower更慢。根据“people would have more space”可知，此处指生活条件更好，better符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：人们将会有更多的空间。 work工作；space空间；food食物；light光。根据“huge comfortable rooms”可知，此处指空间更大，space符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：机器人会做很多工作，这样人们就有更多时间放松。 express表达；plan计划；write写作；relax放松。根据“robots would do a lot of their work”可知，此处指人们有更多时间放松，relax符合语境。故选D。 8．句意：每个学生都会上在线学校与“电子教师”一起学习。 practice练习；rest休息；study学习；sleep睡觉。根据“online schools with ‘e-teachers’”可知，此处指学习，study符合语境。故选C。 9．句意：然而，火星上的生活将充满挑战。 exciting令人兴奋的；challenging充满挑战的；surprising令人惊讶的；interesting有趣的。根据“there are still many difficulties for us to overcome”可知，此处指生活充满挑战，challenging符合语境。故选B。 10．句意：可能需要几百年才能实现这一目标。 break out爆发；break down崩溃；come out出版；come true实现。根据“make it”可知，此处指实现目标，come true符合语境。故选D。 二、阅读理解 A Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. It is141 million miles away from the sun. A year on Mars is 687 earth-day long. One day is about the same as on the earth: 24 hours long. Mars is about half the size of the earth. Because Mars is smaller than the earth, and its gravity is also less. If you weigh 100 pounds on the earth, you’d weigh about 38 pounds on Mars. Mars’ surface looks like a red desert. There are mountains, canyons (峡谷), volcanoes (火山) and so on. It is a dry planet without any liquid water (液态水). It does have ice caps at its north and south. Some of this ice is frozen (冻结的) carbon dioxide. Evidence shows that Mars once had rivers, streams, lakes, and maybe even an ocean. Scientists guess that there once was water on the surface of Mars that created these.Today the only water on Mars is either frozen in the ice caps or underground. Mars has mountains that are much higher than the mountains on the earth. OlympusMons, the biggest volcano in the whole solar system, stands 17 miles tall! Mars also has bigger and deeper canyons than the earth’s. Some of these are sixty miles long and five or six miles deep. How amazing! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．How long is the time of a year on Mars? A．About one year on the earth. B．Nearly two years on the earth. C．More than three years on the earth. D．About four years on the earth. 12．According to the passage, the gravity onMars is about ________ as strong as it’s on the earth. A．four fifths B．three fifths C．two fifths D．one fifth 13．What does the surface of Mars look like? A．A red desert. B．Liquid water. C．The surface of Earth. D．The surface of the ocean. 14．The underlined word “Evidence” means ________ in Chinese. A．材料 B．起源 C．清单 D．迹象 15．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Earth is Different from Mars B．The Fourth Planet from the Sun C．Olympus M ons on Mars D．The Gravity on Mars 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了火星的一些情况。 11．细节理解题。根据“A year on Mars is 687 earth-day long.”可知，火星上的一年大约是地球上的687天， 即大约两年。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据“Because Mars is smaller than the earth, and its gravity is also less. If you weigh 100 pounds on the earth, you’d weigh about 38 pounds on Mars.”可知火星上的重力大是地球上重力的2/5。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“Mars’ surface looks like a red desert.”可知火星表面看起来像一片红色的沙漠。故选A。 14．词义猜测题。根据“Scientists guess that there once was water on the surface of Mars that created these.”可知，科学家猜想，火星表面曾经有水，创造了这些。可推断“迹象”更接近本句句意。故选D。 15．标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了火星的一些情况。故选B。 B Is there intelligent life on other planets? For years, scientists said “no” or “we don’t know”. But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers (天文学家). They believe intelligent life exists (存在) somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon contact (接触) these beings (生物). Why do they think so? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life. The second reason is size. The universe is huge. “Tools like the Hubble Telescope (哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies (星系). And our galaxy, the Milky Way (银河系), has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.” In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets, the size of Mars or Earth, in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life. Have beings from space already visited Earth? “Probably not,” says Barnett. “It’s a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other ways, such as radio signals (信号). In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don’t have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other.” 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 16．Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are ________. A．astronomers B．artists C．teachers 17．What is the best title of this passage? A．The Age and Size of Earth B．Our galaxy, the Milky Way C．Why Intelligent Life Might Exist 18．Why was it hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the past? A．Because there were not any smaller planets. B．Because there were not any powerful telescopes. C．Because the Milky Way didn’t exist at that time 19．There are ________ reasons why intelligent life exists on other planets. A．two B．three C．four 20．What does the underlined phrase “life forms” mean? A．Messages. B．Radio signals. C．Intelligent beings. 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家认为智慧生物存在于宇宙中的某个地方的原因。第一个原因是时间。第二个原因是大小。宇宙是巨大的。 16．细节理解题。根据“Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers (天文学家).”可知，Seth Shostak和Alexandra Barnett是天文学家。故选A。 17．标题归纳题。根据“They believe intelligent life exists (存在) somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon contact (接触) these beings (生物). Why do they think so?”可知，他们相信智慧生物存在于宇宙中的某个地方。他们还认为我们很快就会接触这些生物。为什么他们这样认为。因此本文主要讲述为什么智慧生物可能存在。故选C。 18．推理判断题。根据“In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets”可知，在过去很难在宇宙中寻找智慧生物的迹象。但现在，强大的望远镜使科学家能够发现更小的行星。由此可知，在过去没有像现在一样的高倍望远镜，因此很难在宇宙中寻找到智慧生物的迹象。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life. The second reason is size. The universe is huge. ‘Tools like the Hubble Telescope (哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies (星系). And our galaxy, the Milky Way (银河系), has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.’”可知，第一个原因是时间。第二个原因是大小。宇宙是巨大的。所以有两个原因。故选A。 20．词义猜测题。根据“However, intelligent beings may contact us in other ways”可知，智慧生物可能会用其他方式联系我们，故推测此处的life forms指的是intelligent beings，故选C。 一、短文填空 A Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more c 1 and polluted because of the increase in population. It is hoped that people could start to b 2 a better world on Mars. Here is what life there could be like. At present, our spaceship are too slow to carry large numbers of passengers to Mars-it would take months, with the development of t 3 , by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spaceship that travel at the speed of light! However, the spaceship would travel so fast that the journey to Mars might be quite uncomfortable. Many people would f 4 ill. Humans cannot survive (活下来) without water, oxygen or f 5 . So far, nobody knows whether there would be enough water or oxygen on Mars for people there. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether plants could g 6 on Mars. Food would most probably be in the form of pills (药丸) and would not be so tasty. Gravity(重力) could be a 7 problem. The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth. People would have to wear boots that are specially designed(设计) to stop themselves from floating(飘) off into space. C 8 with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. People would have more space. They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. What’s m 9 , robots would do most of their work so that they could have more time to relax. There would probably be no schools on Mars. Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network, they would study at online schools with “e-teachers”. Life on Mars would be i 10 as well as challenging(有挑战性的). 【答案】 1．(c)rowed 2．(b)uild 3．(t)echnology 4．(f)eel 5．(f)ood 6．(g)row 7．(a)nother 8．(C)ompared 9．(m)ore 10．(i)nteresting 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了未来人们在火星上的生活。 1．句意：由于人口的增加，我们自己的星球，地球，正变得越来越拥挤和污染。根据首字母c及“because of the increase in population”可知，由于人口增长，地球变得越来越拥挤；crowed“拥挤的”，形容词，作表语。故填(c)rowed。 2．句意：希望人们能开始在火星上建造一个更美好的世界。根据首字母b及“a better world on Mars”可知，此处指建造一个世界；build“建造”，动词；start to do sth.“开始做某事”，故用其原形。故填(b)uild。 3．句意：随着科技的发展，到2100年，乘坐以光速飞行的宇宙飞船的旅程可能只需要20分钟左右！根据首字母t及“the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spaceship that travel at the speed of light”可知，科技的发展会让人们去火星的时间大大缩短；technology“科技”。故填(t)echnology。 4．句意：然而，宇宙飞船的飞行速度如此之快，到火星的旅行可能会感到不舒服。根据首字母f及“ill”可知，此处指感到不舒服；feel“感觉”，动词；would后用动词原形。故填(f)eel。 5．句意：没有水、氧气或食物，人类无法生存。根据首字母f及“Humans cannot survive”可知，人们没有食物将无法生存；food“食物”，不可数名词。故填(f)ood。 6．句意：此外，科学家还不确定植物能否在火星上生长。根据首字母g及“plants could…on Mars”可知，此处指植物在火星上生长；grow“生长”，动词；could后用动词原形。故填(g)row。 7．句意：重力可能是另一个问题。根据首字母a及“Gravity could be…problem.”可知，重力是除了没有氧气、水、食物在火星上生活的另一个问题；another“另一个”，修饰problem。故填(a)nother。 8．句意：与地球上的生活相比，火星的生活在某些方面会更好。根据首字母C及“with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways.”可知，此处是地球上的生活与火星上的生活相比较；compared with“与……相比”。故填(C)ompared。 9．句意：更重要的是，机器人会做他们大部分的工作，这样他们就可以有更多的时间放松。根据首字母m及“What’s”可知，此处是短语what’s more“而且，更重要的是”。故填(m)ore。 10．句意：火星上的生活既有趣又富有挑战性。根据首字母i及“Life on Mars would be…as well as challenging.”可知，此处指火星上的生活既有趣又有挑战性；interesting“有趣的”，形容词，作表语。故填(i)nteresting。 B 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文道顺、意思完整．每空限填一词． Mars has been 11 popular space exploration. Countries 12 the US and Russia have been exploring it since the 1960s. “It can be said 13 Mars is the second most popular-heavenly body after the moon.” said Li Chunlai, vice chief engineer of China’s Mars exploration mission. This is particularly because Mars is relatively close to the earth compared to other planets. Also, its environment is quite similar 14 that of the earth. Scientists have tried to look for signs of life on Mars and understand how it may have developed. Learning more about this 15 help us understand the history of the earth, as well as help us find another home in the future. 【答案】11．a 12．like 13．that 14．to 15．could/can 【分析】本文介绍了火星成为了一个受欢迎的太空探索的天体。与其他星球相比，火星离地球相当近。 11．句意：火星已经成为一个受欢迎的太空探索。修饰单数名词短语popular space exploration，用不定冠词，popular是辅音音素开头的单词，因此用a修饰，故填a。 12．句意：自20世纪60年代，像美国和俄罗斯这些国家一直在探索它。此处列举国家，用介词like，故填like。 13．句意：可以说，火星是第二大最受欢迎的天体，仅次于月球。 此处用that引导主语从句，故填that。 14．句意：而且，它的环境与地球的非常相似。be similar to与……相似，故填to。 15．句意：了解更多这方面的知识可以帮助我们了解地球的历史，也可以帮助我们在未来找到另一个家园。 此处表示了解火星如何发展的，可以帮助我们了解地球的历史，位于动词原形之前，用情态动词could或can，故填could/can。 C Scientists think that 16 has been life on earth for 17 (million) of years. However, we haven’t found life on other planets yet. The earth is a planet and 18 goes around the sun. And there are seven other planets that also go around the sun. The sun and its planets are 19 (call) the solar system. The solar system is 20 small part of the universe. Scientists have launched many spaceships to 21 [ɪkˈsplɔː(r)] other planets in the solar system. Some spaceships have gone 22 [bɪˈjɒnd] the solar system. However, no one 23 discovered any life in space yet. Why has no one from other planets 24 ( send) us a message? Have they tried to send 25   (information) to us? With so many stars in space, are we alone, or is there life on other planets in space? 【答案】 16．there 17．millions 18．it 19．called 20．a 21．explore 22．beyond 23．has 24．sent 25．information 【分析】本文主要是介绍了我们的地球和太空，提出了是否别的星球会存在生命的疑问。 16．句意：科学家们认为地球上已经有生命几百万年了。根据“However, we haven’t found life on other planets yet.”可知，我们还没有在其他行星上发现生命，所以此处表示“有”，可用there be句型表示，故填there。 17．句意：科学家们认为地球上已经有生命几百万年了。此处构成“millions of”短语，意为“数百万”，故填millions。 18．句意：地球是一颗行星，它绕着太阳转。此处指的是“The earth”，同物同类用it，故填it。 19．句意：太阳和它的行星叫做太阳系。本句主语“The sun and its planets”是动作“call”的承受者，构成“be done”结构表被动，故填called。 20．句意：太阳系是宇宙的一小部分。主语“The solar system”表单数，此处构成“a part of…”短语，意为“……的一部分”，故填a。 21．句意：科学家们已经发射了许多宇宙飞船去探索太阳系的其他行星。根据音标“[ɪkˈsplɔː(r)]”可知，此处可用explore表示，意为“探索”，用于不定式结构中，故填explore。 22．句意：有些宇宙飞船已飞出太阳系。根据音标“[bɪˈjɒnd]”可知，此处可用beyond表示，意为“超过”，构成“go beyond”短语，故填beyond。 23．句意：然而，还没有人在太空中发现任何生命。根据“yet”可知，时态是现在完成时，构成“have/has done”结构，主语“no one”表单数，故填has。 24．句意：为什么没有其他星球的人给我们发消息？根据其前“has”可知，此处构成“has done”结构，表示现在完成时，所以用其过去分词，故填sent。 25．句意：他们试着给我们发送信息了吗？此处用于句中作宾语，information是不可数名词，故填information。 一、任务型阅读 Chang’e-5 has returned from the moon to Earth. The mission’s success made China the third country to bring back samples (样本) from the moon. Chang’e-5 was China’s third mission to land on the moon, and it’s first to get samples from the moon. There were no astronauts on this trip. Scientists ran the mission with robotic machines. Chang’e-5 was launched (发射) from Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on November 24th, 2020. On December 1st, it got to the moon. During the stay on the moon, it got 1,731 grams of lunar samples. On December 3rd, our national flag was shown on the moon. After that, Chang’e-5 was ready to go home. On December 17th, Chang’e-5 landed safely in Inner Mongolia. Chang’e-5 was the first mission to get samples from the moon in over 40 years. The samples will help scientists better understand the history of the moon and the solar system. The Chang’e-5 mission has made many Chinese people excited and proud of their country’s success. The mission also showed that China has a first-rate (一流的) space program that is able to compete with other countries. Answer the following questions according to what you read. 1．Was Chang’e-5 China’s first mission to get samples from the moon? 2．When was Chang’e-5 launched? 3．How long has Chang-5 been in space? 4．Who could use the samples to do some research? 5．As Chinese, how do we feel about Chang’e-5’s success? 【答案】 1． Yes, it was. 2．On November 24th, 2020. 3．24 days. 4． Scientists. 5． We feel excited and proud. 【导语】本文主要介绍了嫦娥五号月球探测器已经完成了对月球表面样本的采集工作，成为本世纪第三个成功着陆月球表面的航天器。还介绍了针对这些月球样本研究所带来的潜在的好处。 1．根据第二段“Chang’e-5 was China’s third mission to land on the moon , and it’s first to get samples from the moon.”可知，嫦娥五号是中国第三次登月任务，也是第一次从月球上采集样本。所以是肯定回答。故填Yes, it was. 2．根据第三段“Chang’e-5 was launched from Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on November 24th, 2020.”可知， 2020年11月24日，嫦娥五号在文昌航天发射场发射。可故填On November 24th, 2020。 3．根据第三段“Chang’e-5 was launched from Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on November 24th, 2020.”以及第三段“On December 17th, Chang’e-5 landed safely in Inner Mongolia.”可知，2020年11月24日，嫦娥五号在文昌航天发射场发射。12月17日，嫦娥五号在内蒙古安全着陆。所以嫦娥五号在太空待了24天。故填24 days。 4．根据第四段“The samples will help scientists better under stand the history of the moo and the solar system.”可知，这些样本将帮助科学家更好地了解月球和太阳系的历史。说明科学家可以用这些样本做研究。故填Scientists。 5．根据最后一段“The Chang’e-5 mission has made many Chinese people excited and proud of their country’s success!”可知，嫦娥五号的任务让许多中国人为他们国家的成功感到兴奋和自豪！所以说作为中国人，我们感到兴奋和自豪。故填We feel excited and proud. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $