50中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选-东郭先⽣和狼 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选——用英语说中国故事 Mr. Dongguo and the Wolf （东郭先生和狼） Zhao Jianzi, a senior official of the State of Jin, led a group of followers to hunt in Zhongshan. On the way, they encountered a wolf standing upright like a human, howling and blocking their path. Zhao Jianzi immediately drew his bow and nocked an arrow. With a twang of the bowstring and a wolf's howl, the flying arrow pierced the wolf's front leg. The wolf was hit but not killed—it fled in panic, which made Zhao Jianzi very angry. He got on his hunting cart and chased after it relentlessly; the dust kicked up by the cart and horses blotted out the sky and the sun. At this time, Mr. Dongguo was standing beside a donkey loaded with a large bag of bamboo scrolls (ancient books), looking around. He had been on his way to Zhongshan to seek an official position, but had gotten lost here. While he was hesitating at a fork in the road, the wolf suddenly darted out. The wolf begged: “I'm in trouble now! Please hide me in your bag quickly! If I can survive, I will definitely repay you in the future.” Mr. Dongguo watched as the dust raised by Zhao Jianzi's men and horses drew closer and closer. He said anxiously: “If I hide the wolf that a noble official is chasing, won't I anger the powerful? But the墨家 (Mohist) principle of ‘universal love' won't let me stand by and watch someone die. So you can hide in the bag!” With that, he took out the bamboo scrolls, emptied the bag, and tried to put the wolf inside. He was afraid that the wolf's claws would step on the loose skin under its chin, and also afraid that the wolf's body would crush its tail. He tried three times but failed. In desperation, the wolf curled up its body, lowered its head to its tail, and begged Mr. Dongguo to tie its four legs first before putting it in. This time, it went smoothly. Mr. Dongguo carried the bag with the wolf on the donkey's back, then stepped back to the side of the road. Soon, Zhao Jianzi arrived in front of Mr. Dongguo, but he couldn't get any information about the wolf's whereabouts from him. Angrily, he chopped off the shaft of his cart and threatened: “Whoever dares to hide the truth will end up like this cart shaft!” Mr. Dongguo knelt on the ground and said: “Although I'm a foolish man, I still recognize a wolf. People often say that even a tame sheep will get lost at a fork in the road. The forks here in Zhongshan have made me lost—how much more so a wild wolf?” After hearing this, Zhao Jianzi turned his cart around and left. When the sounds of people shouting and horses neighing faded away, the wolf said from inside the bag: “Thank you for saving me, Sir. Please let me out so I can bow to you!” But as soon as the wolf got out of the bag, it changed its tune: “Thanks to you, I survived this disaster. Now I'm starving to death—why don't you give me your body to eat, and save me to the end?” With that, it bared its teeth and waved its claws, pouncing on Mr. Dongguo. Mr. Dongguo hurried to dodge, circling around the donkey to deal with the wolf. As the sun was about to set, Mr. Dongguo was afraid of meeting a pack of wolves in the dark. So he said to the wolf: “Let's follow the folk rule! If three elders say you should eat me, I'll let you.” The wolf agreed happily. But there were no passers-by ahead, so the wolf forced him to ask an old apricot tree. The old apricot tree said: “The farmer only planted me with one apricot pit. For 20 years, his whole family has eaten my fruits and sold them, enjoying plenty of profits. Even though I've contributed so much, now that I'm old, he wants to sell me to a carpenter's shop for money. Your kindness to the wolf is not great—why can't it eat you?” The wolf was about to pounce on Mr. Dongguo when they saw an old cow. The wolf forced Mr. Dongguo to ask the cow instead. The cow said: “The old farmer bought me with just a knife. He used me to pull carts, help with farming, and feed his whole family. Now I'm old, and he wants to kill me to make money from my skin, meat, tendons, and bones. Your kindness to the wolf is not great—why can't it eat you?” After hearing this, the wolf became arrogant again. Just then, an old man with a walking stick made of goosefoot came over. Mr. Dongguo hurried to ask the old man to judge fairly. After hearing the whole story, the old man sighed, tapped the wolf with his stick, and said: “Don't you know that tigers and wolves also care about their families? Why do you betray someone who has shown you kindness?” The wolf argued: “He tied my hands and feet with rope, pressed my body with books—he clearly wanted to smother me to death in that airtight bag! Why can't I eat such a man?” The old man said: “You both say you're right, and I can't decide. As the saying goes, ‘Seeing is believing.' If you let Mr. Dongguo put you in the bag again, I can testify based on the fact that he tried to harm you. Then wouldn't you have a good reason to eat him?” The wolf happily followed the old man's advice. However, it never expected that after being tied up and put back into the bag, what waited for it was the sharp swords of the old man and Mr. Dongguo. Moral Mr. Dongguo applied the idea of “universal love” to an evil wolf, and thus narrowly escaped disaster. This fable tells us that even in human relationships, there are problems like “Mr. Dongguo's case.” A person should sincerely love the people, but should never take pity on evil people like wolves. 东郭先生和狼（中文翻译） 晋国大夫赵简子，带着一群随从在中山打猎。路上，他们遇到一只像人一样直立着身子的狼，这狼一边嚎叫，一边挡住了去路。赵简子立刻拉弓搭箭，只听弓弦 “嘣” 的一声，伴着狼的一声惨叫，飞射的箭刺穿了狼的前腿。狼虽中箭却没死，惊慌地逃走了。这让赵简子十分生气，他登上猎车，紧追不舍，车马扬起的尘土遮天蔽日。 这时，东郭先生正站在一头驮着一大袋竹简（古代书籍）的驴旁边，四处张望。他本是要去中山谋求官职，却在这里迷了路。正当他在岔路口犹豫不决时，那只狼突然窜了出来。狼哀求道：“我现在有难！快把我藏进你的袋子里吧！要是我能活下来，将来一定报答你！” 东郭先生看着赵简子一行人车马扬起的尘土越来越近，焦急地说：“我要是把大官追捕的狼藏起来，岂不是要得罪权贵？可墨家‘兼爱’的道理，不允许我见死不救啊。那你就藏进袋子里吧！” 说着，他把竹简倒出来，腾空袋子，想把狼装进去。他怕狼的爪子踩着自己下巴下的松皮，又怕狼的身子压着尾巴，试了三次都没成功。情急之下，狼蜷缩起身子，把头埋到尾巴下面，求东郭先生先把它的四条腿捆起来再装。这次终于顺利装进去了。东郭先生把装着狼的袋子放到驴背上，自己退到路边。 很快，赵简子来到东郭先生面前，却从他嘴里问不出狼的去向。赵简子生气地砍断车辕，威胁道：“谁敢隐瞒实情，就和这根车辕一个下场！” 东郭先生跪在地上说：“我虽然愚笨，可还认得狼。人们常说，就算是温顺的羊，到了岔路口也会迷路。中山这地方岔路这么多，我都迷了路，何况是一只野狼呢？” 赵简子听了，便掉转车头离开了。 等到人声马嘶渐渐远去，袋子里的狼开口说：“先生救了我，多谢您！快放我出来，我要给您行礼！” 可狼刚从袋子里出来，就变了口气：“多亏了你，我才躲过这场灾祸。现在我快饿死了 —— 你不如把身子给我吃，救我救到底！” 说着，它龇牙咧嘴，挥舞着爪子，朝东郭先生扑了过去。东郭先生急忙躲闪，围着驴和狼周旋。 眼看太阳快要落山，东郭先生怕天黑后遇到狼群，就对狼说：“咱们按民间的规矩来！要是三个老人都说你该吃我，我就让你吃。” 狼高兴地答应了。可前面没有过路人，狼就逼着他去问一棵老杏树。老杏树说：“农夫当初就用一颗杏核种下了我。二十年来，他全家吃我的果子，还拿果子去卖，得了不少好处。可我现在老了，他却要把我卖到木匠铺换钱。你对狼的恩情并不算大，它为什么不能吃你呢？” 狼正要扑向东郭先生，又看见一头老牛，就逼着东郭先生去问老牛。老牛说：“老农夫当初就用一把刀的钱买下了我。他用我拉车、帮着种地，养活全家。现在我老了，他却要杀了我，用我的皮、肉、筋、骨换钱。你对狼的恩情并不算大，它为什么不能吃你呢？” 狼听了，又嚣张起来。 就在这时，一位拄着藜杖的老人走了过来。东郭先生急忙上前，请老人评理。老人听完事情的经过，叹了口气，用拐杖敲了敲狼，说：“你难道不知道虎狼也懂得顾念家人吗？为什么要背叛对你有恩的人呢？” 狼辩解道：“他用绳子捆我的手脚，用书本压我的身子 —— 明明是想把我闷死在那个密不透风的袋子里！这样的人，我为什么不能吃？” 老人说：“你们俩都说是自己对，我也没法判断。俗话说‘眼见为实’，你要是让东郭先生再把你装进袋子里，我就能根据他是否想害你这个事实来作证。到时候你吃他，不就有正当理由了吗？” 狼高兴地听从了老人的建议。可它万万没想到，自己被捆好重新装进袋子后，等待它的却是老人和东郭先生手中锋利的刀。 寓意 东郭先生把 “兼爱” 的理念用在了恶狼身上，险些丧命。这则寓言告诉我们：即便是人与人之间的交往，也存在 “东郭先生式” 的问题。一个人应该真诚地关爱他人，却绝不能怜悯像狼一样的恶人。 逐句翻译 + 解析 1. Mr. Dongguo and the Wolf（东郭先生和狼） 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生和狼（寓言标题，讲述东郭先生救狼反遭狼害的故事，警示人们警惕恶人） 1. 陌生单词： 1. Mr. Dongguo 东郭先生（寓言中人物，“Mr.” 表 “先生”，例：Mr. Li 李先生；Mr. Dongguo 东郭先生） 1. wolf /wʊlf/n. 狼；野狼（例：a hungry wolf 饿狼；the wolf 这只狼） 1. 高频语块：Mr. Dongguo and the Wolf 东郭先生和狼（寓言标题，表 “善良错付恶人”，例：The story “Mr. Dongguo and the Wolf” teaches us not to pity bad people.《东郭先生和狼》的故事教我们不要怜悯恶人。） 1. 造句：Our Chinese class learned the story “Mr. Dongguo and the Wolf” and discussed how to tell good from evil.（我们语文课学了《东郭先生和狼》的故事，还讨论了如何分辨善恶。） 2. Zhao Jianzi, a senior official of the State of Jin, led a group of followers to hunt in Zhongshan. 1. 逐句翻译：晋国大夫赵简子，带着一群随从在中山打猎。 1. 陌生单词： 5. a senior official 高级官员；大夫（古代官职，例：a senior official of the country 国家高级官员；a senior official of the State of Jin 晋国大夫） 5. the State of Jin 晋国（中国古代诸侯国，专有名词，例：the history of the State of Jin 晋国历史；the State of Jin 晋国） 5. led a group of followers 带领一群随从；带着一众手下（“lead” 表 “带领”，过去式 “led”，“followers” 表 “随从、追随者”，例：led a group of students 带领一群学生；led a group of followers 带领一群随从） 5. hunt /hʌnt/v. 打猎；狩猎（例：hunt for animals 猎捕动物；hunt in Zhongshan 在中山打猎） 1. 高频语块：led sb to do sth 带领某人做某事（例：The teacher led us to visit the museum. 老师带领我们参观博物馆。） 1. 造句：Li Bai, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, led a group of friends to travel in the mountains.（唐朝著名诗人李白，带着一群朋友在山中游玩。） 3. On the way, they encountered a wolf standing upright like a human, howling and blocking their path. 1. 逐句翻译：路上，他们遇到一只像人一样直立着身子的狼，这狼一边嚎叫，一边挡住了去路。 1. 陌生单词： 9. on the way 在路上；途中（固定短语，例：on the way to school 上学路上；on the way 路上） 9. encountered /ɪnˈkaʊntəd/v. 遇到；遭遇（“encounter” 的过去式，例：encountered a friend 遇到一位朋友；encountered a wolf 遇到一只狼） 9. standing upright like a human 像人一样直立着（“upright” 表 “直立的”，“like a human” 表 “像人一样”，例：stand upright 直立站着；standing upright like a human 像人一样直立着） 9. howling /ˈhaʊlɪŋ/v. 嚎叫；嗥叫（“howl” 的现在分词，例：the dog howled 狗嚎叫；howling and blocking 嚎叫着挡住） 9. blocking their path 挡住他们的路；阻拦他们的去路（“block” 表 “阻挡、挡住”，例：block the door 挡住门；blocking their path 挡住去路） 1. 高频语块：on the way 在路上（例：On the way home, I bought a bottle of milk. 回家路上，我买了一瓶牛奶。） 1. 造句：On the way to the park, we encountered a little dog sitting by the road, wagging its tail and looking at us.（去公园的路上，我们遇到一只小狗坐在路边，摇着尾巴看着我们。） 4. Zhao Jianzi immediately drew his bow and nocked an arrow. 1. 逐句翻译：赵简子立刻拉弓搭箭。 1. 陌生单词： 13. immediately /ɪˈmiːdiətli/adv. 立刻；马上（例：immediately run 立刻跑；immediately drew 立刻拉） 13. drew his bow 拉开他的弓；拉弓（“draw” 表 “拉、拽”，过去式 “drew”，“bow” 表 “弓”，例：draw a bow 拉弓；drew his bow 拉开他的弓） 13. nocked an arrow /nɒkt/ 搭箭；把箭扣在弓弦上（“nock” 表 “将箭搭在弓弦上”，例：nock the arrow on the bow 把箭搭在弓上；nocked an arrow 搭箭） 1. 高频语块：drew his bow and nocked an arrow 拉弓搭箭（例：The hunter drew his bow and nocked an arrow, aiming at the deer. 猎人拉弓搭箭，瞄准小鹿。） 1. 造句：When he saw the target, the archer immediately drew his bow and nocked an arrow.（射手看到靶子，立刻拉弓搭箭。） 5. With a twang of the bowstring and a wolf's howl, the flying arrow pierced the wolf's front leg. 1. 逐句翻译：只听弓弦 “嘣” 的一声，伴着狼的一声惨叫，飞射的箭刺穿了狼的前腿。 1. 陌生单词： 17. with a twang of the bowstring 随着弓弦的 “嘣” 声；弓弦 “嘣” 地一声（“twang” 表 “（弦乐器、弓弦的）嘣声”，“bowstring” 表 “弓弦”，例：a twang of the guitar string 吉他弦的嘣声；with a twang of the bowstring 弓弦的嘣声） 17. bowstring /ˈbəʊstrɪŋ/n. 弓弦；弓绳（例：tighten the bowstring 拉紧弓弦；the bowstring 弓弦） 17. the flying arrow 飞射的箭；飞驰的箭（“flying” 表 “飞射的”，例：a flying bird 飞鸟；the flying arrow 飞箭） 17. pierced /pɪəst/v. 刺穿；穿透（“pierce” 的过去式，例：pierce the paper 刺穿纸；pierced the wolf's front leg 刺穿狼的前腿） 17. front leg 前腿；前肢（例：the dog's front leg 狗的前腿；the wolf's front leg 狼的前腿） 1. 高频语块：with a + 声音词 + of... 随着…… 的…… 声（例：With a crash of the glass, the cup fell to the ground. 随着玻璃的碎裂声，杯子掉在了地上。） 1. 造句：With a bang of the door and a child's cry, the little boy ran out of the room.（随着门的砰响声和孩子的哭声，小男孩跑出了房间。） 6. The wolf was hit but not killed—it fled in panic, which made Zhao Jianzi very angry. 1. 逐句翻译：狼虽中箭却没死，惊慌地逃走了。这让赵简子十分生气。 1. 陌生单词： 21. was hit but not killed 被击中但没被杀死；中箭却没死（“hit” 表 “击中、打中”，例：was hit by a ball 被球击中；was hit but not killed 被击中但没死） 21. fled in panic 惊慌地逃跑；仓皇逃窜（“flee” 表 “逃跑”，过去式 “fled”，“in panic” 表 “惊慌地”，例：flee in fear 害怕地逃跑；fled in panic 惊慌地逃走） 21. which made Zhao Jianzi very angry 这让赵简子很生气（非限定性定语从句，“which” 指代前文 “狼逃走” 这件事，例：which made me happy 这让我开心；which made Zhao Jianzi very angry 这让赵简子生气） 1. 高频语块：in panic 惊慌地（例：The crowd ran in panic when they heard the loud noise. 听到巨响，人群惊慌地乱跑。） 1. 造句：The little cat was chased but not caught—it fled in panic, which made the little boy very sad.（小猫被追但没被抓到，惊慌地逃走了。这让小男孩十分难过。） 7. He got on his hunting cart and chased after it relentlessly; the dust kicked up by the cart and horses blotted out the sky and the sun. 1. 逐句翻译：他登上猎车，紧追不舍，车马扬起的尘土遮天蔽日。 1. 陌生单词： 25. got on his hunting cart 登上他的猎车；坐上猎车（“get on” 表 “登上、上车”，“hunting cart” 表 “猎车”，例：get on the bus 上公交车；got on his hunting cart 登上猎车） 25. chased after it relentlessly 毫不留情地追赶它；紧追不舍（“chase after” 表 “追赶”，“relentlessly” 表 “毫不留情地、持续地”，例：chase after a thief 追小偷；chased after it relentlessly 紧追不舍） 25. the dust kicked up by the cart and horses 车马扬起的尘土（“kicked up” 表 “扬起、激起”，过去分词短语作定语，例：the smoke kicked up by the fire 火扬起的烟；the dust kicked up by the cart and horses 车马扬起的尘土） 25. blotted out the sky and the sun 遮蔽天空和太阳；遮天蔽日（“blot out” 表 “遮蔽、掩盖”，例：blot out the light 挡住光线；blotted out the sky and the sun 遮天蔽日） 1. 高频语块：chased after 追赶（例：The dog chased after the rabbit, but failed to catch it. 狗追赶兔子，却没追上。） 1. 造句：The police got in their car and chased after the suspect relentlessly; the wind blown by the car made the trees shake.（警察上车紧追嫌疑人，车驶过扬起的风让树都摇晃起来。） 8. At this time, Mr. Dongguo was standing beside a donkey loaded with a large bag of bamboo scrolls (ancient books), looking around. 1. 逐句翻译：这时，东郭先生正站在一头驮着一大袋竹简（古代书籍）的驴旁边，四处张望。 1. 陌生单词： 29. at this time 这时；此时（例：at this moment 此刻；at this time 这时） 29. beside a donkey 在驴旁边；在驴子旁边（“beside” 表 “在…… 旁边”，例：beside the table 在桌子旁边；beside a donkey 在驴旁边） 29. loaded with a large bag of bamboo scrolls 驮着一大袋竹简的（“loaded with” 表 “装载着、驮着”，过去分词短语作定语，“bamboo scrolls” 表 “竹简”，例：a truck loaded with goods 装着货物的卡车；a donkey loaded with bamboo scrolls 驮着竹简的驴） 29. bamboo scrolls /ˌbæmˈbuː skrəʊlz/ 竹简；竹简书（古代书写载体，例：ancient bamboo scrolls 古代竹简；a bag of bamboo scrolls 一袋竹简） 29. looking around 四处张望；环顾四周（现在分词短语作伴随状语，例：looking for something 找东西；looking around 四处张望） 1. 高频语块：loaded with 装载着；驮着（例：The horse loaded with luggage walked slowly on the road. 驮着行李的马在路上慢慢走。） 1. 造句：At this time, my grandpa was standing beside a bike loaded with a basket of vegetables, looking around for my grandma.（这时，爷爷正站在一辆驮着一筐蔬菜的自行车旁边，四处张望找奶奶。） 9. He had been on his way to Zhongshan to seek an official position, but had gotten lost here. 1. 逐句翻译：他本是要去中山谋求官职，却在这里迷了路。 1. 陌生单词： 33. had been on his way to 本在去…… 的路上；原本正前往（过去完成进行时，表 “过去持续的动作”，例：had been on his way to school 本在去学校的路上；had been on his way to Zhongshan 本在去中山的路上） 33. seek an official position 谋求官职；寻求官位（“seek” 表 “寻求、谋求”，“official position” 表 “官职、官位”，例：seek a job 找工作；seek an official position 谋求官职） 33. had gotten lost 已经迷路；迷了路（“get lost” 表 “迷路”，过去完成时，例：had gotten lost in the forest 在森林里迷了路；had gotten lost here 在这里迷了路） 1. 高频语块：on one’s way to 去…… 的路上（例：She was on her way to the supermarket when it rained. 下雨时，她正在去超市的路上。） 1. 造句：He had been on his way to the library to borrow books, but had gotten lost in this new neighborhood.（他本是要去图书馆借书，却在这个陌生的小区里迷了路。） 10. While he was hesitating at a fork in the road, the wolf suddenly darted out. 1. 逐句翻译：正当他在岔路口犹豫不决时，那只狼突然窜了出来。 1. 陌生单词： 37. while he was hesitating 当他犹豫不决时；在他犹豫的时候（“while” 引导时间状语从句，表 “同时进行”，例：While she was reading 当她看书时；While he was hesitating 当他犹豫时） 37. at a fork in the road 在岔路口；在道路分岔处（“fork” 表 “岔路、分岔口”，例：a fork in the path 小路的岔口；at a fork in the road 在岔路口） 37. darted out 突然冲出来；窜出来（“dart” 表 “猛冲、急奔”，例：darted into the room 冲进房间；darted out 窜出来） 1. 高频语块：at a fork in the road 在岔路口（例：At a fork in the road, we didn’t know which way to go. 在岔路口，我们不知道该走哪条路。） 1. 造句：While she was waiting at the bus stop, a little dog suddenly darted out from behind the tree.（正当她在公交站等车时，一只小狗突然从树后窜了出来。） 11. The wolf begged: “I'm in trouble now! Please hide me in your bag quickly! If I can survive, I will definitely repay you in the future.” 1. 逐句翻译：狼哀求道：“我现在有难！快把我藏进你的袋子里吧！要是我能活下来，将来一定报答你！” 1. 陌生单词： 41. begged /beɡd/v. 哀求；恳求（“beg” 的过去式，例：begged for help 哀求帮助；begged 哀求道） 41. in trouble 处于困境中；有麻烦（固定短语，例：get in trouble 陷入麻烦；I'm in trouble 我有难） 41. hide me in your bag 把我藏进你的袋子里；将我藏在你的包里（“hide...in...” 表 “把…… 藏在…… 里”，例：hide the candy in the drawer 把糖藏在抽屉里；hide me in your bag 把我藏进你的袋子里） 41. survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 活下来；幸存（例：survive the accident 在事故中幸存；If I can survive 要是我能活下来） 41. definitely repay you 一定报答你；肯定回报你（“definitely” 表 “一定、肯定”，“repay” 表 “报答、回报”，例：repay your kindness 报答你的好意；definitely repay you 一定报答你） 1. 高频语块：in trouble 有麻烦；处于困境（例：When my friend is in trouble, I always help him. 朋友有麻烦时，我总会帮他。） 1. 造句：The little bird begged: “I'm hurt now! Please take me to a safe place quickly! If I can get better, I will sing for you every day in the future.”（小鸟哀求道：“我现在受伤了！快把我带到安全的地方吧！要是我能好起来，将来一定每天给你唱歌！”） 12. Mr. Dongguo watched as the dust raised by Zhao Jianzi's men and horses drew closer and closer. 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生看着赵简子一行人车马扬起的尘土越来越近。 1. 陌生单词： 45. watched as 看着……（“as” 引导时间状语从句，表 “随着”，例：watched as the sun set 看着太阳下山；watched as the dust drew closer 看着尘土越来越近） 45. the dust raised by... 由…… 扬起的尘土（“raised by” 表 “被…… 扬起”，过去分词短语作定语，例：the noise made by the kids 孩子们制造的噪音；the dust raised by the men and horses 车马扬起的尘土） 45. drew closer and closer 变得越来越近；越来越近（“draw closer” 表 “靠近、接近”，例：the winter holiday drew closer 寒假越来越近；drew closer and closer 越来越近） 1. 高频语块：closer and closer 越来越近（例：The train drew closer and closer to the station. 火车离车站越来越近。） 1. 造句：We watched as the stars in the sky became brighter and brighter.（我们看着天上的星星变得越来越亮。） 13. He said anxiously: “If I hide the wolf that a noble official is chasing, won't I anger the powerful? But the 墨家 (Mohist) principle of ‘universal love' won't let me stand by and watch someone die. So you can hide in the bag!” 1. 逐句翻译：他焦急地说：“我要是把大官追捕的狼藏起来，岂不是要得罪权贵？可墨家‘兼爱’的道理，不允许我见死不救啊。那你就藏进袋子里吧！” 1. 陌生单词： 49. anxiously /ˈæŋkʃəsli/adv. 焦急地；焦虑地（“anxious” 的副词形式，例：waited anxiously 焦急地等待；said anxiously 焦急地说） 49. a noble official 高官；权贵（“noble” 表 “高贵的、地位高的”，例：a noble king 尊贵的国王；a noble official 大官） 49. is chasing 正在追捕；追赶（“chase” 的现在进行时，例：the police are chasing the thief 警察正在追小偷；a noble official is chasing 大官正在追捕） 49. won't I anger the powerful? 我难道不会激怒权贵吗？（反问句，表 “会激怒”，“the powerful” 表 “有权势的人、权贵”，例：won't I make him angry? 我难道不会让他生气吗？；won't I anger the powerful? 岂不是要得罪权贵？） 49. principle of “universal love” “兼爱” 理念；“兼爱” 原则（“principle” 表 “原则、理念”，“universal love” 表 “兼爱”，例：the principle of honesty 诚信原则；principle of “universal love” “兼爱” 理念） 49. stand by and watch someone die 袖手旁观看着别人死去；见死不救（“stand by” 表 “袖手旁观”，例：stand by and do nothing 袖手旁观；stand by and watch someone die 见死不救） 1. 高频语块：stand by 袖手旁观（例：We can't stand by when others are in danger. 别人有危险时，我们不能袖手旁观。） 1. 造句：She said worriedly: “If I tell him the truth, won't I hurt his feelings? But the principle of honesty won't let me lie to him. So I have to tell him!”（她担忧地说：“我要是告诉他真相，岂不是会伤他的心？可诚信的原则不允许我骗他。所以我必须告诉他！”） 14. With that, he took out the bamboo scrolls, emptied the bag, and tried to put the wolf inside. 1. 逐句翻译：说着，他把竹简倒出来，腾空袋子，想把狼装进去。 1. 陌生单词： 53. with that 说着；于是（固定短语，承接前文动作，例：With that, he left the room. 说着，他离开了房间；With that, he took out... 说着，他拿出……） 53. took out the bamboo scrolls 拿出竹简；倒出竹简（“take out” 表 “拿出、取出”，例：took out a pen 拿出一支笔；took out the bamboo scrolls 拿出竹简） 53. emptied the bag 把袋子腾空；倒空袋子（“empty” 表 “倒空、清空”，例：emptied the box 倒空盒子；emptied the bag 腾空袋子） 53. tried to put...inside 试图把…… 装进去；努力将…… 放进（“try to do sth” 表 “试图做某事”，例：tried to put the book in the bag 试图把书放进袋子；tried to put the wolf inside 想把狼装进去） 1. 高频语块：tried to do sth 试图做某事（例：He tried to solve the math problem, but he couldn't. 他试图解这道数学题，却没解开。） 1. 造句：With that, she opened the box, took out the old photos, and tried to put them in the album.（说着，她打开盒子，拿出旧照片，想把它们放进相册里。） 15. He was afraid that the wolf's claws would step on the loose skin under its chin, and also afraid that the wolf's body would crush its tail. 1. 逐句翻译：他怕狼的爪子踩着自己下巴下的松皮，又怕狼的身子压着尾巴。 1. 陌生单词： 57. was afraid that... 害怕……；担心……（“afraid” 后接宾语从句，例：was afraid that it would rain 担心会下雨；was afraid that the wolf's claws would step on... 怕狼的爪子踩着……） 57. claws /klɔːz/n. 爪子；爪（例：the cat's claws 猫的爪子；the wolf's claws 狼的爪子） 57. loose skin 松弛的皮肤；松皮（“loose” 表 “松弛的、松散的”，例：loose clothes 宽松的衣服；loose skin under its chin 下巴下的松皮） 57. under its chin 在它的下巴下；下巴下方（“chin” 表 “下巴”，例：a beard under his chin 下巴下的胡子；under its chin 下巴下） 57. crush its tail 压着它的尾巴；压碎它的尾巴（“crush” 表 “压、压坏”，例：crush the paper 压皱纸；crush its tail 压着尾巴） 1. 高频语块：was afraid that... 害怕……（例：She was afraid that she would be late for school. 她害怕上学迟到。） 1. 造句：She was afraid that the dog's paws would step on the fragile flowers, and also afraid that the dog's body would knock over the small vase.（她怕狗的爪子踩着娇嫩的花，又怕狗的身子撞倒小花瓶。） 16. He tried three times but failed. 1. 逐句翻译：试了三次都没成功。 1. 陌生单词： 61. tried three times 尝试了三次；试了三次（“try” 表 “尝试”，例：tried twice 试了两次；tried three times 试了三次） 61. but failed 但是失败了；却没成功（“fail” 表 “失败、未能做到”，例：tried hard but failed 努力尝试却失败了；tried three times but failed 试了三次都没成功） 1. 高频语块：tried...times but failed 试了…… 次却没成功（例：He tried four times but still failed to open the door. 他试了四次，还是没能打开门。） 1. 造句：She tried five times but failed to remember the English word.（她试了五次，还是没记住那个英语单词。） 17. In desperation, the wolf curled up its body, lowered its head to its tail, and begged Mr. Dongguo to tie its four legs first before putting it in. 1. 逐句翻译：情急之下，狼蜷缩起身子，把头埋到尾巴下面，求东郭先生先把它的四条腿捆起来再装。 1. 陌生单词： 65. in desperation 情急之下；绝望中（固定短语，例：in danger 在危险中；in desperation 情急之下） 65. curled up its body 蜷缩起它的身体；蜷起身子（“curl up” 表 “蜷缩、蜷曲”，例：curl up on the sofa 蜷在沙发上；curled up its body 蜷缩起身子） 65. lowered its head to its tail 把头低到尾巴处；把头埋到尾巴下面（“lower” 表 “低下、垂下”，例：lowered its head 低下头；lowered its head to its tail 把头埋到尾巴下面） 65. begged sb to tie... 求某人捆……；恳求某人绑……（“beg sb to do sth” 表 “求某人做某事”，“tie” 表 “捆、绑”，例：begged her to help 求她帮忙；begged Mr. Dongguo to tie 求东郭先生捆） 65. before putting it in 在把它装进去之前；再装（“before + 动名词” 表 “在…… 之前”，例：before going out 出门前；before putting it in 再装） 1. 高频语块：in desperation 情急之下（例：In desperation, he called his parents for help. 情急之下，他给父母打电话求助。） 1. 造句：In desperation, the little cat curled up under the bed, closed its eyes, and begged us not to catch it.（情急之下，小猫蜷在床底下，闭上眼睛，求我们别抓它。） 18. This time, it went smoothly. 1. 逐句翻译：这次终于顺利装进去了。 1. 陌生单词： 69. this time 这次；这一回（例：last time 上次；this time 这次） 69. went smoothly 进行得顺利；顺利完成（“smoothly” 表 “顺利地、平稳地”，例：the work went smoothly 工作进展顺利；it went smoothly 顺利装进去了） 1. 高频语块：went smoothly 顺利进行（例：The party went smoothly and everyone had a good time. 派对进行得很顺利，大家都玩得很开心。） 1. 造句：He adjusted the machine and tried again. This time, it went smoothly.（他调整了机器再试，这次终于顺利运转了。） 19. Mr. Dongguo carried the bag with the wolf on the donkey's back, then stepped back to the side of the road. 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生把装着狼的袋子放到驴背上，自己退到路边。 1. 陌生单词： 73. carried the bag with the wolf 提着装着狼的袋子；拿着装狼的袋子（“with the wolf” 作定语修饰 “bag”，例：a box with books 装着书的盒子；the bag with the wolf 装着狼的袋子） 73. on the donkey's back 在驴背上；驴背上（例：a blanket on the horse's back 马背上的毯子；on the donkey's back 在驴背上） 73. stepped back 退后；向后退（“step back” 表 “退后、后退”，例：stepped back slowly 慢慢退后；stepped back to the side of the road 退到路边） 73. the side of the road 路边；道路旁边（例：a bench on the side of the road 路边的长椅；the side of the road 路边） 1. 高频语块：on one’s back 在…… 背上（例：The little kid rode on his father's back. 小孩骑在爸爸背上。） 1. 造句：My mom carried the basket with fruits on the bike's back, then walked to the door to wait for me.（妈妈把装着水果的篮子放到自行车后座上，然后走到门口等我。） 20. Soon, Zhao Jianzi arrived in front of Mr. Dongguo, but he couldn't get any information about the wolf's whereabouts from him. 1. 逐句翻译：很快，赵简子来到东郭先生面前，却从他嘴里问不出狼的去向。 1. 陌生单词： 77. soon /suːn/adv. 很快；不久（例：soon after 不久之后；soon 很快） 77. arrived in front of 到达…… 前面；来到…… 面前（“arrive in/at” 表 “到达”，“in front of” 表 “在…… 前面”，例：arrived in front of the school 来到学校前面；arrived in front of Mr. Dongguo 来到东郭先生面前） 77. couldn't get any information 得不到任何信息；问不出消息（“get information” 表 “获取信息”，例：get information from books 从书中获取信息；couldn't get any information 得不到任何信息） 77. the wolf's whereabouts /ˈweərəbaʊts/ 狼的去向；狼的下落（“whereabouts” 表 “去向、下落”，例：the criminal's whereabouts 罪犯的下落；the wolf's whereabouts 狼的去向） 1. 高频语块：get information about 获取关于…… 的信息（例：She went to the library to get information about history. 她去图书馆获取关于历史的信息。） 1. 造句：Soon, the teacher arrived in front of Tom, but she couldn't get any explanation about his missing homework from him.（很快，老师来到汤姆面前，却从他嘴里问不出作业失踪的解释。） 21. Angrily, he chopped off the shaft of his cart and threatened: “Whoever dares to hide the truth will end up like this cart shaft!” 1. 逐句翻译：赵简子生气地砍断车辕，威胁道：“谁敢隐瞒实情，就和这根车辕一个下场！” 1. 陌生单词： 81. angrily /ˈæŋɡrəli/adv. 生气地；愤怒地（例：shouted angrily 生气地大喊；chopped off angrily 生气地砍断） 81. chopped off the shaft of his cart 砍断他的车辕；砍断车杆（“chop off” 表 “砍断、斩断”，“shaft” 表 “（车、船的）辕、杆”，例：chopped off a branch 砍断树枝；chopped off the shaft of his cart 砍断车辕） 81. shaft /ʃɑːft/n. 辕；杆（例：the shaft of a spear 矛杆；the shaft of his cart 车辕） 81. threatened /ˈθretnd/v. 威胁；恐吓（“threaten” 的过去式，例：threatened to leave 威胁要离开；threatened 威胁道） 81. whoever dares to hide the truth 谁敢隐瞒真相；无论谁敢掩盖实情（“whoever” 表 “无论谁”，“dare to do sth” 表 “敢做某事”，例：whoever dares to lie 谁敢撒谎；whoever dares to hide the truth 谁敢隐瞒实情） 81. end up like 最终像…… 一样；下场是……（例：end up like him 最终像他一样；end up like this cart shaft 和这根车辕一个下场） 1. 高频语块：chopped off 砍断（例：The woodcutter chopped off the thick tree trunk. 樵夫砍断了粗壮的树干。） 1. 造句：Angrily, the manager tore up the report and threatened: “Whoever dares to make such a mistake will end up like this report!”（经理生气地撕碎报告，威胁道：“谁敢犯这样的错，就和这份报告一个下场！”） 22. Mr. Dongguo knelt on the ground and said: “Although I'm a foolish man, I still recognize a wolf. People often say that even a tame sheep will get lost at a fork in the road. The forks here in Zhongshan have made me lost—how much more so a wild wolf?” 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生跪在地上说：“我虽然愚笨，可还认得狼。人们常说，就算是温顺的羊，到了岔路口也会迷路。中山这地方岔路这么多，我都迷了路，何况是一只野狼呢？” 1. 陌生单词： 85. knelt on the ground 跪在地上；跪下（“kneel” 的过去式 “knelt”，例：knelt beside the bed 跪在床边；knelt on the ground 跪在地上） 85. although /ɔːlˈðəʊ/conj. 虽然；尽管（引导让步状语从句，例：Although it rained, we went out. 虽然下雨了，我们还是出去了；Although I'm a foolish man 我虽然愚笨） 85. a foolish man 愚笨的人；蠢人（“foolish” 表 “愚笨的、傻的”，例：a foolish decision 愚蠢的决定；a foolish man 愚笨的人） 85. recognize a wolf 认得狼；认识狼（“recognize” 表 “认出、识别”，例：recognize my friend 认出我的朋友；recognize a wolf 认得狼） 85. a tame sheep 温顺的羊；驯服的羊（“tame” 表 “温顺的、驯服的”，例：a tame cat 温顺的猫；a tame sheep 温顺的羊） 85. how much more so 更何况；何况（表 “程度加深的递进”，例：If he can't do it, how much more so me? 他都做不到，何况我呢？；how much more so a wild wolf 何况是一只野狼呢） 1. 高频语块：although 虽然；尽管（例：Although he is young, he knows a lot. 他虽然年轻，却懂得很多。） 1. 造句：Li Ming knelt on the ground and said: “Although I'm not smart, I still know right from wrong. People often say that even a small bird will fly away when scared. The loud noise here has scared me—how much more so a little rabbit?”（李明跪在地上说：“我虽然不聪明，可还分得清对错。人们常说，就算是小鸟，受惊了也会飞走。这里的巨响都吓到我了，何况是一只小兔子呢？”） 23. After hearing this, Zhao Jianzi turned his cart around and left. 1. 逐句翻译：赵简子听了，便掉转车头离开了。 1. 陌生单词： 89. after hearing this 听了这话后；听完这个后（“after + 动名词” 表 “在…… 之后”，例：after seeing the movie 看完电影后；after hearing this 听了这话后） 89. turned his cart around 掉转他的车头；把车转过来（“turn around” 表 “掉转方向、转身”，例：turned around and smiled 转过身笑了；turned his cart around 掉转车头） 1. 高频语块：turned around 掉转方向；转身（例：She heard her name and turned around quickly. 她听到自己的名字，快速转过身。） 1. 造句：After hearing the explanation, the teacher calmed down and turned around to leave the classroom.（听了解释后，老师平静下来，转身离开了教室。） 24. When the sounds of people shouting and horses neighing faded away, the wolf said from inside the bag: “Thank you for saving me, Sir. Please let me out so I can bow to you!” 1. 逐句翻译：等到人声马嘶渐渐远去，袋子里的狼开口说：“先生救了我，多谢您！快放我出来，我要给您行礼！” 1. 陌生单词： 93. the sounds of people shouting and horses neighing 人声和马嘶声；人声马嘶（“neighing” 表 “（马）嘶鸣”，例：the sound of birds singing 鸟鸣声；the sounds of people shouting and horses neighing 人声马嘶） 93. faded away 渐渐消失；远去（“fade away” 表 “逐渐消失”，例：the music faded away 音乐渐渐消失；faded away 渐渐远去） 93. from inside the bag 从袋子里面；在袋子里（例：a voice from inside the room 从房间里传来的声音；from inside the bag 从袋子里） 93. bow to you 向您鞠躬；给您行礼（“bow to” 表 “向…… 鞠躬、行礼”，例：bow to the teacher 向老师鞠躬；bow to you 给您行礼） 1. 高频语块：faded away 渐渐消失（例：As the wind blew, the smoke faded away slowly. 随着风吹，烟雾慢慢消失了。） 1. 造句：When the lights of the cars faded away, the little girl said from inside the house: “Thank you for walking me home, Aunt. Please come in so I can give you a cup of tea!”（等到汽车的灯光渐渐远去，小女孩从屋里说：“阿姨，谢谢您送我回家！快进来，我给您倒杯茶！”） 25. But as soon as the wolf got out of the bag, it changed its tune: “Thanks to you, I survived this disaster. Now I'm starving to death—why don't you give me your body to eat, and save me to the end?” 1. 逐句翻译：可狼刚从袋子里出来，就变了口气：“多亏了你，我才躲过这场灾祸。现在我快饿死了 —— 你不如把身子给我吃，救我救到底！” 1. 陌生单词： 97. as soon as 一…… 就……（固定短语，引导时间状语从句，例：as soon as I arrived 我一到就……；as soon as the wolf got out 狼一出来就……） 97. got out of the bag 从袋子里出来；逃出袋子（“get out of” 表 “从…… 出来”，例：got out of the car 从车里出来；got out of the bag 从袋子里出来） 97. changed its tune 改变调子；变了口气（“tune” 表 “调子、语气”，例：changed his mind 改变主意；changed its tune 变了口气） 97. thanks to you 多亏你；幸亏你（固定短语，表 “感谢、多亏”，例：thanks to your help 多亏你的帮助；thanks to you 多亏了你） 97. survived this disaster 躲过这场灾祸；在这场灾难中幸存（“disaster” 表 “灾祸、灾难”，例：survived the flood 躲过洪水；survived this disaster 躲过这场灾祸） 97. starving to death 饿死；快饿死了（“starve to death” 表 “饿死”，例：the dog was starving to death 狗快饿死了；I'm starving to death 我快饿死了） 97. save me to the end 救我救到底；帮人帮到底（“to the end” 表 “到底、彻底”，例：help him to the end 帮他帮到底；save me to the end 救我救到底） 1. 高频语块：as soon as 一…… 就……（例：As soon as the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom. 铃声一响，学生们就冲出了教室。） 1. 造句：But as soon as the little boy got the toy, he changed his attitude: “Thanks to you, I got my favorite toy. Now I want a candy too—why don't you buy me one, and help me to the end?”（可小男孩一拿到玩具，就变了态度：“多亏了你，我拿到了喜欢的玩具。现在我还想要颗糖 —— 你不如给我买一颗，帮人帮到底嘛！”） 26. With that, it bared its teeth and waved its claws, pouncing on Mr. Dongguo. 1. 逐句翻译：说着，它龇牙咧嘴，挥舞着爪子，朝东郭先生扑了过去。 1. 陌生单词： 101. with that 说着；于是（承接前文动作，例：With that, he started to run 说着，他开始跑；With that, it bared its teeth 说着，它龇牙咧嘴） 101. bared its teeth 露出牙齿；龇牙（“bare” 表 “露出、显露”，例：bared his arms 露出胳膊；bared its teeth 龇牙咧嘴） 101. waved its claws 挥舞爪子；摆爪子（“wave” 表 “挥舞、摆动”，例：waved its tail 摇尾巴；waved its claws 挥舞爪子） 101. pouncing on /ˈpaʊnsɪŋ/ 扑向；突袭（“pounce on” 表 “扑向、猛扑”，现在分词短语作伴随状语，例：a cat pouncing on a mouse 猫扑向老鼠；pouncing on Mr. Dongguo 扑向东郭先生） 1. 高频语块：pounced on 扑向（例：The eagle pounced on the rabbit and caught it. 老鹰扑向兔子，抓住了它。） 1. 造句：With that, the little dog bared its teeth and barked loudly, rushing towards the stranger.（说着，小狗龇牙咧嘴，大声叫着，朝陌生人冲了过去。） 27. Mr. Dongguo hurried to dodge, circling around the donkey to deal with the wolf. 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生急忙躲闪，围着驴和狼周旋。 1. 陌生单词： 105. hurried to dodge /dɒdʒ/ 急忙躲闪；赶紧躲避（“dodge” 表 “躲闪、躲避”，例：dodge a ball 躲球；hurried to dodge 急忙躲闪） 105. circling around 围着…… 转圈；绕着…… 盘旋（“circle around” 表 “围绕、转圈”，现在分词短语作伴随状语，例：birds circling around the tree 绕树盘旋的鸟；circling around the donkey 围着驴转圈） 105. deal with 对付；应对（例：deal with a problem 处理问题；deal with the wolf 对付狼） 1. 高频语块：deal with 对付；应对（例：We need to find a way to deal with this difficult situation. 我们得想办法应对这个困难的局面。） 1. 造句：The little girl hurried to dodge, running behind the table to deal with her naughty brother.（小女孩急忙躲闪，跑到桌子后面和调皮的弟弟周旋。） 28. As the sun was about to set, Mr. Dongguo was afraid of meeting a pack of wolves in the dark. 1. 逐句翻译：眼看太阳快要落山，东郭先生怕天黑后遇到狼群。 1. 陌生单词： 109. as the sun was about to set 当太阳快要落山时；眼看太阳要下山（“be about to do sth” 表 “将要做某事”，“set” 表 “（太阳）落下”，例：as the moon was about to rise 当月亮快要升起时；as the sun was about to set 太阳快要落山时） 109. a pack of wolves 一群狼；狼群（“a pack of” 表 “一群（动物）”，例：a pack of dogs 一群狗；a pack of wolves 狼群） 109. in the dark 在黑暗中；天黑时（例：walk in the dark 在黑暗中走路；meeting a pack of wolves in the dark 天黑后遇到狼群） 1. 高频语块：a pack of 一群（例：We saw a pack of monkeys playing in the tree. 我们看到一群猴子在树上玩耍。） 1. 造句：As the sky was about to turn dark, the farmer was afraid of meeting a storm on his way home.（眼看天要变黑，农夫怕回家路上遇到暴风雨。） 29. So he said to the wolf: “Let's follow the folk rule! If three elders say you should eat me, I'll let you.” 1. 逐句翻译：就对狼说：“咱们按民间的规矩来！要是三个老人都说你该吃我，我就让你吃。” 1. 陌生单词： 113. follow the folk rule 遵守民间规矩；按民间习俗（“follow” 表 “遵守、遵循”，“folk rule” 表 “民间规矩”，例：follow the school rule 遵守校规；follow the folk rule 按民间规矩） 113. folk rule /fəʊk/ 民间规矩；民俗（例：local folk rules 当地民俗；the folk rule 民间规矩） 113. three elders 三位老人；三个长辈（“elder” 表 “老人、长辈”，例：respect the elders 尊重长辈；three elders 三个老人） 1. 高频语块：follow the rule 遵守规矩（例：Everyone should follow the traffic rules. 每个人都应该遵守交通规则。） 1. 造句：So she said to her sister: “Let's follow the family rule! If Mom and Dad say you can keep the toy, I'll give it to you.”（于是她对妹妹说：“咱们按家里的规矩来！要是爸妈说你能留着这个玩具，我就给你。”） 30. The wolf agreed happily. But there were no passers-by ahead, so the wolf forced him to ask an old apricot tree. 1. 逐句翻译：狼高兴地答应了。可前面没有过路人，狼就逼着他去问一棵老杏树。 1. 陌生单词： 117. agreed happily 高兴地答应；愉快地同意（“happily” 表 “高兴地”，例：nodded happily 高兴地点头；agreed happily 高兴地答应） 117. passers-by /ˈpɑːsəz baɪ/n. 过路人；行人（复数形式，“passer-by” 的复数为 “passers-by”，例：help the passers-by 帮助过路人；no passers-by 没有过路人） 117. ahead /əˈhed/adv. 在前面；向前（例：walk ahead 在前面走；no passers-by ahead 前面没有过路人） 117. forced him to ask 强迫他去问；逼着他询问（“force sb to do sth” 表 “强迫某人做某事”，例：forced her to study 强迫她学习；forced him to ask 逼着他去问） 117. old apricot tree 老杏树；杏树（“apricot” 表 “杏、杏树”，例：a small apricot tree 小杏树；old apricot tree 老杏树） 1. 高频语块：forced sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事（例：His mom forced him to finish his homework before playing. 妈妈强迫他做完作业再玩。） 1. 造句：The little cat agreed happily. But there was no food at home, so it forced the girl to go to the kitchen to get some fish.（小猫高兴地答应了。可家里没有食物，它就逼着女孩去厨房拿些鱼。） 31. The old apricot tree said: “The farmer only planted me with one apricot pit. For 20 years, his whole family has eaten my fruits and sold them, enjoying plenty of profits. Even though I've contributed so much, now that I'm old, he wants to sell me to a carpenter's shop for money. Your kindness to the wolf is not great—why can't it eat you?” 1. 逐句翻译：老杏树说：“农夫当初就用一颗杏核种下了我。二十年来，他全家吃我的果子，还拿果子去卖，得了不少好处。可我现在老了，他却要把我卖到木匠铺换钱。你对狼的恩情并不算大，它为什么不能吃你呢？” 1. 陌生单词： 121. planted me with one apricot pit 用一颗杏核种下我；用一粒杏核将我种下（“plant...with...” 表 “用…… 种植……”，“apricot pit” 表 “杏核”，例：planted the garden with flowers 用花装点花园；planted me with one apricot pit 用一颗杏核种下我） 121. pit /pɪt/n. 核；果核（例：a peach pit 桃核；apricot pit 杏核） 121. for 20 years 二十年来；持续二十年（表时间段，例：for 10 years 十年来；for 20 years 二十年来） 121. his whole family 他的全家；全家人（例：his whole family went out 他全家都出去了；his whole family has eaten 他全家都吃） 121. enjoying plenty of profits 获得很多利润；得了不少好处（“plenty of” 表 “大量的、很多的”，“profits” 表 “利润、好处”，例：enjoy plenty of fun 获得很多乐趣；enjoying plenty of profits 得了不少好处） 121. even though 尽管；即使（引导让步状语从句，例：Even though it's hard 尽管很难；Even though I've contributed so much 尽管我贡献了这么多） 121. contributed so much 贡献了这么多；付出了很多（“contribute” 表 “贡献、付出”，例：contributed to the team 为团队做贡献；contributed so much 贡献了这么多） 121. now that I'm old 既然我老了；现在我老了（“now that” 表 “既然、由于”，例：now that you know 既然你知道了；now that I'm old 现在我老了） 121. carpenter's shop 木匠铺；木工店（“carpenter” 表 “木匠”，名词所有格 “carpenter's” 表 “木匠的”，例：a tailor's shop 裁缝店；carpenter's shop 木匠铺） 121. your kindness to the wolf 你对狼的善意；你对狼的恩情（“kindness to sb” 表 “对某人的善意、恩情”，例：kindness to children 对孩子的善意；your kindness to the wolf 你对狼的恩情） 1. 高频语块：even though 尽管；即使（例：Even though he is poor, he is very kind. 尽管他穷，但他很善良。） 1. 造句：The old dog said: “The boy only took me home when I was a puppy. For 5 years, I've protected him and played with him, bringing him lots of joy. Even though I've done so much, now that I'm old, he wants to send me to the countryside. Your help to the cat is not much—why can't it leave you?”（老狗说：“男孩在我还是小狗的时候把我带回家。五年来，我保护他、陪他玩，给她带来很多快乐。可我现在老了，他却要把我送到乡下。你对小猫的帮助不多，它为什么不能离开你呢？”） 32. The wolf was about to pounce on Mr. Dongguo when they saw an old cow. 1. 逐句翻译：狼正要扑向东郭先生，又看见一头老牛。 1. 陌生单词： 125. was about to pounce on 正要扑向；准备猛扑向（“be about to do sth” 表 “正要做某事”，“pounce on” 表 “扑向”，例：was about to eat 正要吃；was about to pounce on 正要扑向） 125. old cow 老牛；牛（例：a black old cow 一头黑色的老牛；an old cow 一头老牛） 1. 高频语块：was about to do sth when... 正要做某事，这时……（例：I was about to go out when it started to rain. 我正要出门，这时下雨了。） 1. 造句：The cat was about to catch the bird when they heard a loud noise.（猫正要抓住小鸟，这时他们听到一声巨响。） 33. The wolf forced Mr. Dongguo to ask the cow instead. 1. 逐句翻译：狼就逼着东郭先生去问老牛。 1. 陌生单词： 129. instead /ɪnˈsted/adv. 代替；反而（例：go by bus instead 改坐公交车去；ask the cow instead 去问老牛） 129. （“forced Mr. Dongguo to ask” 前文已出现，复习：逼着东郭先生去问） 1. 高频语块：instead 代替；反而（例：He didn't buy a book, he bought a pen instead. 他没买书，反而买了一支笔。） 1. 造句：The boy forced his sister to help him with homework instead of playing.（男孩逼着妹妹帮他写作业，而不是去玩。） 34. The cow said: “The old farmer bought me with just a knife. He used me to pull carts, help with farming, and feed his whole family. Now I'm old, and he wants to kill me to make money from my skin, meat, tendons, and bones. Your kindness to the wolf is not great—why can't it eat you?” 1. 逐句翻译：老牛说：“老农夫当初就用一把刀的钱买下了我。他用我拉车、帮着种地，养活全家。现在我老了，他却要杀了我，用我的皮、肉、筋、骨换钱。你对狼的恩情并不算大，它为什么不能吃你呢？” 1. 陌生单词： 133. bought me with just a knife 用一把刀（的钱）买下我；只用一把刀的钱就买下了我（“buy...with...” 表 “用…… 买……”，例：bought a book with 10 yuan 用 10 元买了一本书；bought me with just a knife 用一把刀的钱买下我） 133. pull carts 拉车；拖车子（“pull” 表 “拉、拖”，“cart” 表 “马车、手推车”，例：pull a heavy cart 拉沉重的车；pull carts 拉车） 133. help with farming 帮忙种地；协助农耕（“help with” 表 “帮忙做……”，“farming” 表 “耕种、农业”，例：help with housework 帮忙做家务；help with farming 帮忙种地） 133. feed his whole family 养活他的全家；供养全家人（“feed” 表 “喂养、养活”，例：feed the children 喂养孩子；feed his whole family 养活全家） 133. tendons /ˈtendənz/n. 筋；肌腱（例：beef tendons 牛筋；his skin, meat, tendons, and bones 他的皮、肉、筋、骨） 1. 高频语块：help with 帮忙做……（例：Can you help me with my English homework? 你能帮我做英语作业吗？） 1. 造句：The old horse said: “The farmer bought me with a small bag of rice. He used me to carry goods, help with transportation, and support his family. Now I'm old, and he wants to sell me to a slaughterhouse. Your care for the chicken is not much—why can't it leave you?”（老马说：“农夫用一小袋米买下了我。他用我运货、帮忙运输，养活全家。现在我老了，他却要把我卖到屠宰场。你对小鸡的照顾不多，它为什么不能离开你呢？”） 35. After hearing this, the wolf became arrogant again. 1. 逐句翻译：狼听了，又嚣张起来。 1. 陌生单词： 137. after hearing this 听了这话后；听完这个后（例：after listening to the story 听完故事后；after hearing this 听了这话后） 137. became arrogant /ˈærəɡənt/ 变得傲慢；变得嚣张（“arrogant” 表 “傲慢的、嚣张的”，例：became proud 变得骄傲；became arrogant 变得嚣张） 137. again /əˈɡen/adv. 又；再一次（例：try again 再试一次；became arrogant again 又嚣张起来） 1. 高频语块：became arrogant 变得嚣张（例：After winning the game, he became arrogant and looked down on others. 赢了比赛后，他变得嚣张，看不起别人。） 1. 造句：After hearing the praise, the little boy became proud again and refused to listen to others' advice.（听了表扬后，小男孩又骄傲起来，不肯听别人的建议。） 36. Just then, an old man with a walking stick made of goosefoot came over. 1. 逐句翻译：就在这时，一位拄着藜杖的老人走了过来。 1. 陌生单词： 141. just then 就在这时；恰好那时（例：just at that moment 就在那一刻；just then 就在这时） 141. a walking stick made of goosefoot 一根用藜（一种植物）做的拐杖；藜杖（“made of” 表 “由…… 制成”，“goosefoot” 表 “藜（植物名）”，例：a table made of wood 木制桌子；a walking stick made of goosefoot 藜杖） 141. walking stick 拐杖；手杖（例：an old walking stick 旧拐杖；a walking stick 拐杖） 141. came over 走过来；过来（例：ran over 跑过来；came over 走过来） 1. 高频语块：made of 由…… 制成（能看出原材料，例：The cup is made of glass. 这个杯子是玻璃做的。） 1. 造句：Just then, a girl with a bag made of cloth came over to ask for directions.（就在这时，一个背着布包的女孩走过来问路。） 37. Mr. Dongguo hurried to ask the old man to judge fairly. 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生急忙上前，请老人评理。 1. 陌生单词： 145. hurried to ask 急忙请求；赶紧让（例：hurried to help 急忙帮忙；hurried to ask 急忙请求） 145. judge fairly /ˈdʒʌdʒ ˈfeəli/ 公正判断；公平评理（“judge” 表 “判断、评判”，“fairly” 表 “公平地”，例：judge a case fairly 公正判案；judge fairly 公平评理） 1. 高频语块：ask sb to do sth 请某人做某事（例：She asked her teacher to explain the problem again. 她请老师再讲解一次这个问题。） 1. 造句：The little girl hurried to ask the police officer to help find her lost mother.（小女孩急忙请警察帮忙找她失踪的妈妈。） 38. After hearing the whole story, the old man sighed, tapped the wolf with his stick, and said: “Don't you know that tigers and wolves also care about their families? Why do you betray someone who has shown you kindness?” 1. 逐句翻译：老人听完事情的经过，叹了口气，用拐杖敲了敲狼，说：“你难道不知道虎狼也懂得顾念家人吗？为什么要背叛对你有恩的人呢？” 1. 陌生单词： 149. the whole story 整个故事；事情的经过（例：tell the whole story 讲述整个故事；hearing the whole story 听完事情的经过） 149. sighed /saɪd/v. 叹气；叹息（例：sighed deeply 深深叹气；sighed 叹了口气） 149. tapped the wolf with his stick 用他的拐杖敲了敲狼；拿拐杖轻打狼（“tap” 表 “轻敲、轻打”，例：tapped the table with his finger 用手指轻敲桌子；tapped the wolf with his stick 用拐杖敲狼） 149. care about their families 关心他们的家人；顾念家人（“care about” 表 “关心、在意”，例：care about friends 关心朋友；care about their families 顾念家人） 149. betray /bɪˈtreɪ/v. 背叛；出卖（例：betray a friend 背叛朋友；betray someone who has shown you kindness 背叛对你有恩的人） 149. someone who has shown you kindness 对你有善意的人；对你有恩的人（“shown you kindness” 表 “对你展现善意”，例：people who have helped you 帮助过你的人；someone who has shown you kindness 对你有恩的人） 1. 高频语块：care about 关心；在意（例：We should care about our parents' feelings. 我们要关心父母的感受。） 1. 造句：After hearing the argument, the teacher shook her head, patted the boy's shoulder, and said: “Don't you know that classmates should help each other? Why do you lie to someone who has helped you?”（听完争论后，老师摇了摇头，拍了拍男孩的肩膀，说：“你难道不知道同学之间要互相帮助吗？为什么要对帮助过你的人撒谎呢？”） 东郭先生和狼（逐句解析续4） 39. The wolf argued: “He tied my hands and feet with rope, pressed my body with books—he clearly wanted to smother me to death in that airtight bag! Why can't I eat such a man?” 1. 逐句翻译：狼辩解道：“他用绳子捆我的手脚，用书本压我的身子 —— 明明是想把我闷死在那个密不透风的袋子里！这样的人，我为什么不能吃？” 1. 陌生单词： 153. argued /ˈɑːɡjuːd/v. 争辩；辩解（例：argued with his mom 和妈妈争辩；argued 辩解道） 153. tied my hands and feet with rope 用绳子捆我的手脚；拿绳子绑住我的四肢（“tie...with...” 表 “用…… 捆……”，例：tied the box with string 用绳子捆盒子；tied my hands and feet with rope 捆我的手脚） 153. pressed my body with books 用书本压我的身体；拿书压我的身子（“press...with...” 表 “用…… 压……”，例：pressed the paper with a stone 用石头压纸；pressed my body with books 用书本压我的身子） 153. clearly /ˈklɪəli/adv. 明显地；明明（例：clearly wrong 明显错了；clearly wanted to 明明想） 153. smother me to death /ˈsmʌðə(r)/ 把我闷死；使我窒息而死（“smother” 表 “使窒息、闷死”，例：smother the fire 扑灭火；smother me to death 把我闷死） 153. airtight bag /ˈeətaɪt/ 密封的袋子；密不透风的袋子（“airtight” 表 “密封的、不透气的”，例：an airtight container 密封容器；that airtight bag 那个密不透风的袋子） 153. such a man 这样的人；这种人（“such” 表 “这样的、如此的”，例：such a kind girl 这样善良的女孩；such a man 这样的人） 1. 高频语块：tie...with... 用…… 捆……（例：She tied the gift box with a red ribbon. 她用红丝带捆礼品盒。） 1. 造句：The little boy argued: “He took my toy and hid it under the bed—he clearly wanted to make me cry! Why can't I tell the teacher about such a classmate?”（小男孩辩解道：“他拿走我的玩具藏到床底下 —— 明明是想让我哭！这样的同学，我为什么不能告诉老师呢？”） 40. The old man said: “You both say you're right, and I can't decide. As the saying goes, ‘Seeing is believing.' If you let Mr. Dongguo put you in the bag again, I can testify based on the fact that he tried to harm you. Then wouldn't you have a good reason to eat him?” 1. 逐句翻译：老人说：“你们俩都说是自己对，我也没法判断。俗话说‘眼见为实’，你要是让东郭先生再把你装进袋子里，我就能根据他是否想害你这个事实来作证。到时候你吃他，不就有正当理由了吗？” 1. 陌生单词： 157. you both say you're right 你们俩都说是自己对；你们双方都认为自己有理（“both” 表 “两者都”，例：they both like music 他们俩都喜欢音乐；you both say you're right 你们俩都说是自己对） 157. as the saying goes 俗话说；常言道（固定短语，用于引用俗语，例：As the saying goes, “Time is money.” 俗话说 “时间就是金钱”；As the saying goes 俗话说） 157. Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。（英语俗语，表 “亲眼看到才相信”，例：As the saying goes, “Seeing is believing”—I won't trust it until I see it. 俗话说 “眼见为实”，我亲眼看到才会信。） 157. let Mr. Dongguo put you in the bag again 让东郭先生再把你装进袋子里；允许东郭先生再次把你放进袋子（“let sb do sth” 表 “让某人做某事”，例：let me help you 让我帮你；let Mr. Dongguo put you in the bag 让东郭先生把你装进袋子） 157. testify /ˈtestɪfaɪ/v. 作证；证明（例：testify in court 在法庭作证；testify based on the fact 根据事实作证） 157. based on the fact 基于事实；根据事实（“based on” 表 “基于、根据”，例：a story based on real life 基于真实生活的故事；based on the fact 根据事实） 157. tried to harm you 试图伤害你；想要害你（“harm” 表 “伤害、危害”，例：tried to help you 试图帮你；tried to harm you 试图伤害你） 157. a good reason 正当理由；好理由（例：have a good reason to leave 有正当理由离开；have a good reason to eat him 有正当理由吃他） 1. 高频语块：As the saying goes 俗话说（例：As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” 俗话说 “患难见真情”。） 1. 造句：The teacher said: “You two both say you're right, and I can't decide. As the saying goes, ‘Actions speak louder than words.' If you let him show his homework again, I can check based on the fact that he finished it. Then wouldn't you have a clear answer?”（老师说：“你们俩都说是自己对，我也没法判断。俗话说‘事实胜于雄辩’，你要是让他再把作业拿出来，我就能根据他是否完成这个事实来检查。到时候你不就有明确答案了吗？”） 41. The wolf happily followed the old man's advice. However, it never expected that after being tied up and put back into the bag, what waited for it was the sharp swords of the old man and Mr. Dongguo. 1. 逐句翻译：狼高兴地听从了老人的建议。可它万万没想到，自己被捆好重新装进袋子后，等待它的却是老人和东郭先生手中锋利的刀。 1. 陌生单词： 161. followed the old man's advice 听从老人的建议；采纳老人的意见（“follow one's advice” 表 “听从某人的建议”，例：follow my mom's advice 听从妈妈的建议；followed the old man's advice 听从老人的建议） 161. however /haʊˈevə(r)/adv. 然而；可是（表转折，例：He is young, however, he is very capable. 他很年轻，然而能力很强；however 可） 161. never expected that 万万没想到；从没预料到（“expect” 表 “预料、期待”，例：never thought that 从没想过；never expected that 万万没想到） 161. after being tied up and put back into the bag 在被捆好并放回袋子后；被捆好重新装进袋子后（被动语态 “being tied up”“being put back”，例：after being cleaned 被打扫后；after being tied up and put back into the bag 被捆好重新装进袋子后） 161. tied up 被捆住；被绑起来（“tie up” 表 “捆住、绑紧”，例：the dog was tied up 狗被捆住了；being tied up 被捆好） 161. what waited for it 等待它的东西；等着它的（例：what waited for us 等待我们的；what waited for it 等待它的） 161. sharp swords /ʃɑːp sɔːdz/ 锋利的刀；利剑（“sharp” 表 “锋利的”，“swords” 表 “刀、剑”，例：a sharp knife 锋利的刀；the sharp swords 锋利的刀） 1. 高频语块：follow one's advice 听从某人的建议（例：You should follow the doctor's advice and rest more. 你应该听从医生的建议，多休息。） 1. 造句：The little cat happily followed the girl's advice. However, it never expected that after jumping onto the table and trying to eat the fish, what waited for it was a gentle scolding from the girl's mom.（小猫高兴地听从了女孩的建议。可它万万没想到，自己跳上桌子想偷吃鱼后，等待它的却是女孩妈妈温柔的责备。） Moral（寓意部分） 42. Mr. Dongguo applied the idea of “universal love” to an evil wolf, and thus narrowly escaped disaster. 1. 逐句翻译：东郭先生把 “兼爱” 的理念用在了恶狼身上，险些丧命。 1. 陌生单词： 165. applied the idea of...to... 把…… 的理念应用到…… 上；将…… 的思想用在…… 上（“apply...to...” 表 “把…… 应用于……”，例：apply the theory to practice 把理论应用到实践中；applied the idea of “universal love” to an evil wolf 把 “兼爱” 理念用在恶狼身上） 165. universal love “兼爱”（墨家思想，表 “不分亲疏地爱所有人”，例：the idea of universal love “兼爱” 理念） 165. evil wolf 恶狼；凶狠的狼（“evil” 表 “邪恶的、凶狠的”，例：an evil man 恶人；an evil wolf 恶狼） 165. thus narrowly escaped disaster 因此险些躲过灾祸；从而险些丧命（“thus” 表 “因此、从而”，“narrowly escaped disaster” 表 “险些躲过灾祸、险些遇难”，例：narrowly escaped an accident 险些躲过事故；thus narrowly escaped disaster 因此险些丧命） 1. 高频语块：apply...to... 把…… 应用到……（例：We should apply what we learn to daily life. 我们要把学到的知识应用到日常生活中。） 1. 造句：The little boy applied the idea of “helping others” to a naughty dog, and thus narrowly got bitten.（小男孩把 “乐于助人” 的想法用在了一只调皮的狗身上，险些被咬到。） 43. This fable tells us that even in human relationships, there are problems like “Mr. Dongguo's case.” 1. 逐句翻译：这则寓言告诉我们：即便是人与人之间的交往，也存在 “东郭先生式” 的问题。 1. 陌生单词： 169. human relationships 人际关系；人与人之间的交往（例：good human relationships 良好的人际关系；even in human relationships 即便是在人际关系中） 169. problems like “Mr. Dongguo's case” 像 “东郭先生案” 这样的问题；“东郭先生式” 的问题（“case” 表 “情况、案例”，例：a case like this 这样的情况；problems like “Mr. Dongguo's case” “东郭先生式” 的问题） 1. 高频语块：human relationships 人际关系（例：We need to learn how to deal with human relationships. 我们要学会处理人际关系。） 1. 造句：This story tells us that even in daily life, there are difficulties like “the little boy's mistake.”（这个故事告诉我们：即便是在日常生活中，也存在 “小男孩式错误” 这样的困难。） 44. A person should sincerely love the people, but should never take pity on evil people like wolves. 1. 逐句翻译：一个人应该真诚地关爱他人，却绝不能怜悯像狼一样的恶人。 1. 陌生单词： 173. sincerely love the people 真诚地关爱他人；真心爱护别人（“sincerely” 表 “真诚地、真心地”，例：sincerely help others 真诚地帮助他人；sincerely love the people 真诚地关爱他人） 173. take pity on 怜悯；同情（固定短语，例：take pity on the poor 怜悯穷人；take pity on evil people 怜悯恶人） 173. evil people like wolves 像狼一样的恶人；狼一般的坏人（“evil people” 表 “恶人、坏人”，例：avoid evil people 远离恶人；evil people like wolves 像狼一样的恶人） 1. 高频语块：take pity on 怜悯；同情（例：She took pity on the homeless cat and took it home. 她怜悯那只流浪猫，把它带回了家。） 1. 造句：A student should sincerely help classmates, but should never take pity on those who cheat in exams.（学生应该真诚地帮助同学，却绝不能怜悯考试作弊的人。） 核心知识点汇总（复习专用） 1. 重点动词短语 动词短语 含义 例句 chased after 追赶；追逐 The police chased after the thief. got lost 迷路；走失 We got lost in the forest. begged sb to do sth 求某人做某事 He begged his mom to buy a toy. tried to do sth 试图做某事 She tried to solve the math problem. forced sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 The boss forced him to work overtime. agreed to do sth 同意做某事 They agreed to meet at the park. take pity on 怜悯；同情 We should take pity on the poor. applied...to... 把…… 应用到…… He applied his knowledge to his work. 2. 高频语法与结构 1. “as soon as” 时间状语从句：表 “一…… 就……”，例：As soon as he arrived, he started working.（他一到就开始工作。） 1. “even though” 让步状语从句：表 “尽管……”，例：Even though it was cold, he went out without a coat.（尽管天冷，他还是没穿外套就出去了。） 1. “as the saying goes” 引用俗语：用于引出谚语，增强说服力，例：As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.”（俗话说 “熟能生巧”。） 1. 被动语态 “be + 过去分词”/“being + 过去分词”：表 “被……”，例：The letter was written by her.（信是她写的。）；After being tied up, the wolf couldn't move.（被捆住后，狼动不了了。） 1. “what waited for sb” 名词性从句：表 “等待某人的事物”，例：I didn't know what waited for me ahead.（我不知道前面有什么在等着我。） 英文复述（高频语块标注） Zhao Jianzi chased a wolf that hurt his leg. The wolf fled in panic and begged Mr. Dongguo to hide it in his bag[1]. Mr. Dongguo, following the Mohist “universal love,” emptied his bamboo scrolls and put the wolf in, even though he feared angering the official[2]. Zhao Jianzi asked about the wolf’s whereabouts, but Mr. Dongguo lied cleverly. After Zhao left, the wolf changed its tune—it said it was starving and tried to eat Mr. Dongguo[3]. They asked an old apricot tree and a cow for help, but both said the wolf could eat him. Just then, an old man came. He tricked the wolf into the bag again, and he and Mr. Dongguo killed it with sharp swords[4]. This fable tells us: We should sincerely love others, but never take pity on evil people like wolves. Applying kindness to bad ones will only bring danger[5]. 中文翻译 赵简子追捕一只被他射伤腿的狼。狼惊慌逃窜，求东郭先生把它藏进袋子里 [1]。东郭先生秉持墨家 “兼爱” 理念，倒空竹简把狼装了进去，尽管他也怕得罪那位官员 [2]。 赵简子询问狼的去向，东郭先生巧妙地撒了谎。赵简子离开后，狼立刻变了口气 —— 它说自己快饿死了，还想吃掉东郭先生 [3]。他们向一棵老杏树和一头老牛求助，可两者都说狼可以吃他。就在这时，一位老人走来。他骗狼重新钻进袋子，然后和东郭先生一起用锋利的刀杀死了狼 [4]。 这则寓言告诉我们：我们应该真诚地关爱他人，却绝不能怜悯像狼一样的恶人。把善意用在坏人身上，只会带来危险 [5]。 高频语块清单（附用法） 1. [1] fled in panic（动词短语）：惊慌逃窜（例：The deer fled in panic when it saw the lion.） 1. [2] following the Mohist “universal love”（动词短语）：秉持墨家 “兼爱” 理念（例：He always helps others, following the idea of “kindness.”） 1. [3] changed its tune（动词短语）：变了口气（例：He promised to help, but soon changed his tune.） 1. [4] tricked the wolf into the bag（动词短语）：骗狼钻进袋子（例：She tricked the cat into the box with fish.） 1. [5] take pity on evil people（动词短语）：怜悯恶人（例：We should not take pity on those who lie.） 1. [6] the wolf’s whereabouts（名词短语）：狼的去向（例：The police looked for the thief’s whereabouts.） 1. [7] sharp swords（名词短语）：锋利的刀（例：The soldier held a sharp sword in his hand.） 1. [8] applying kindness to bad ones（动词短语）：把善意用在坏人身上（例：Applying trust to liars is not wise.） 《Mr. Dongguo and the Wolf》练习题 I. 阅读理解单选题 (10小题)阅读文章，根据文章内容选择最佳答案。 1. Who was Zhao Jianzi? A. A senior official of the State of Jin. B. Mr. Dongguo's friend. C. The wolf's owner. D. An old man with a walking stick. 2. Why did Mr. Dongguo decide to help the wolf at first? A. Because he was afraid of the wolf. B. Because he believed in the Mohist principle of 'universal love'. C. Because Zhao Jianzi ordered him to. D. Because he wanted to take the wolf home as a pet. 3. Where did Mr. Dongguo hide the wolf? A. Under his clothes. B. In a hole in the ground. C. In a large bag on his donkey. D. Behind a tree. 4. How did Zhao Jianzi react when he couldn't find the wolf? A. He thanked Mr. Dongguo and left. B. He chopped off the shaft of his cart as a threat. C. He gave Mr. Dongguo a reward. D. He asked Mr. Dongguo to join his hunt. 5. What did the wolf want to do after it was saved? A. It wanted to repay Mr. Dongguo. B. It wanted to eat Mr. Dongguo. C. It wanted to run back to the forest. D. It wanted to find its family. 6. What did the old apricot tree think about Mr. Dongguo's situation? A. It thought Mr. Dongguo should be eaten. B. It felt sorry for Mr. Dongguo. C. It asked the wolf to spare Mr. Dongguo. D. It didn't say anything. 7. Why did the old man suggest putting the wolf back into the bag? A. To save the wolf again. B. To prove whether Mr. Dongguo had tried to harm the wolf. C. To teach the wolf a lesson. D. To make it easier to carry the wolf. 8. What happened to the wolf in the end? A. It ran away safely. B. It was killed by the old man and Mr. Dongguo. C. It became friends with Mr. Dongguo. D. It was taken back by Zhao Jianzi. 9. What is the main moral of the story? A. We should love all animals equally. B. We should not take pity on evil people or creatures. C. Hunting is a bad activity. D. Old people are always wise. 10. How would you describe Mr. Dongguo's character? A. Brave and clever. B. Cruel and selfish. C. Kind but naive. D. Wise and powerful. II. 完形填空题 (10小题) 阅读下面短文，从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Dongguo was a kind but (1)______ man. One day, he met a wounded wolf that was being (2)______ by Zhao Jianzi. The wolf begged Mr. Dongguo to save it. Although Mr. Dongguo was (3)______, he decided to help because of his belief in universal love. He hid the wolf in a (4)______ on his donkey. When Zhao Jianzi arrived, Mr. Dongguo didn't tell the (5)______. After Zhao Jianzi left, the wolf came out of the bag. Instead of being (6)______, it wanted to eat Mr. Dongguo. Mr. Dongguo suggested asking three (7)______ to judge. The old apricot tree and the old cow both said the wolf could eat him. Then an old man came. He was very (8)______. He tricked the wolf into getting back into the bag. Then he and Mr. Dongguo (9)______ the wolf. This story tells us that we should not take (10)______ on evil creatures. 1. A. naive B. clever C. brave D. strong 2. A. helped B. chased C. fed D. trained 3. A. happy B. angry C. afraid D. excited 4. A. box B. bag C. basket D. pocket 5. A. story B. truth C. joke D. secret 6. A. thankful B. angry C. sad D. afraid 7. A. men B. women C. elders D. children 8. A. kind B. wise C. strong D. funny 9. A. saved B. killed C. freed D. thanked 10. A. pity B. food C. money D. advice III. 短语填空 (10小题)从下方方框中选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空。 lead to, draw one's bow, flee in panic, blot out, seek an official position, stand by, curl up, let sb. out, bare one's teeth, take pity on 1. Zhao Jianzi _______________ and shot an arrow at the wolf. 2. The wolf was hit but not killed—it _______________. 3. The dust kicked up by the cart and horses _______________ the sky and the sun. 4. Mr. Dongguo was on his way to Zhongshan to _______________. 5. The Mohist principle of 'universal love' wouldn't let him _______________ and watch someone die. 6. The wolf _______________ its body to fit into the bag. 7. After Zhao Jianzi left, the wolf asked Mr. Dongguo to _______________ of the bag. 8. The wolf _______________ and waved its claws, pouncing on Mr. Dongguo. 9. We should never _______________ evil people like wolves. 10. This fable _______________ an important moral lesson. IV. 句子翻译 (10小题)将下列中文句子翻译成英文。 1. 赵简子是晋国的一位高官。 2. 他带领一群随从去中山打猎。 3. 路上，他们遇到一只像人一样直立着的狼。 4. 东郭先生正站在一头驮着大袋竹简的毛驴旁边。 5. 他正在去中山求官的路上，但在这里迷路了。 6. 狼请求道："我现在遇到麻烦了！请快把我藏在你的袋子里！" 7. 东郭先生把装着狼的袋子放到驴背上。 8. 狼一从袋子里出来就变了卦。 9. 老人用他的手杖敲打着狼。 10. 这个故事告诉我们，不应该怜悯像狼一样的恶人。 V. 句型转换 (10小题)根据要求改写句子，保持句意基本不变。 1. Zhao Jianzi led a group of followers to hunt in Zhongshan. (改为一般疑问句) ______ Zhao Jianzi ______ a group of followers to hunt in Zhongshan? 2. The wolf was standing upright like a human. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the wolf standing? 3. "Please hide me in your bag quickly!" the wolf begged. (改为间接引语) The wolf begged Mr. Dongguo ______ ______ ______ in his bag quickly. 4. Mr. Dongguo took out the bamboo scrolls and emptied the bag. (改为否定句) Mr. Dongguo ______ ______ out the bamboo scrolls and empty the bag. 5. Zhao Jianzi arrived in front of Mr. Dongguo. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ Zhao Jianzi arrive? 6. The wolf bared its teeth and waved its claws. (改为一般疑问句) ______ the wolf ______ its teeth and wave its claws? 7. The old man was very wise. (改为感叹句) ______ ______ the old man was! 8. They killed the wolf in the end. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ they do in the end? 9. This fable tells us an important lesson. (改为被动语态) An important lesson ______ ______ by this fable. 10. We should not take pity on evil people. (改为同义句) We should not ______ ______ ______ evil people. 练习题答案 I. 阅读理解单选题 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. C II. 完形填空题 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A III. 短语填空 1. drew his bow 2. fled in panic 3. blotted out 4. seek an official position 5. stand by 6. curled up 7. let it out 8. bared its teeth 9. take pity on 10. leads to IV. 句子翻译 1. Zhao Jianzi was a senior official of the State of Jin. 2. He led a group of followers to hunt in Zhongshan. 3. On the way, they encountered a wolf standing upright like a human. 4. Mr. Dongguo was standing beside a donkey loaded with a large bag of bamboo scrolls. 5. He had been on his way to Zhongshan to seek an official position, but had gotten lost here. 6. The wolf begged: "Please hide me in your bag quickly!" 7. Mr. Dongguo carried the bag with the wolf on the donkey's back. 8. The wolf changed its tune as soon as it got out of the bag. 9. The old man tapped the wolf with his stick. 10. This story tells us that we should not take pity on evil people like wolves. V. 句型转换 1. Did, lead 2. How was 3. to hide it 4. did not take 5. Where did 6. Did, bare 7. How wise 8. What did 9. is told 10. feel sorry for 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $