46中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选-塞翁失马-2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选——用英语说中国故事 The Old Man at the Frontier Losing His Horse (塞翁失马) Once upon a time, there was an old man who lived in a frontier area adjacent to the Hu people (an ancient ethnic group in northern China). Travelers passing by all respectfully called him "the Old Man at the Frontier." The old man was naturally optimistic, and his way of dealing with things was different from others. One day, for some unknown reason, the old man’s horse got lost while grazing and didn’t come back. When the neighbors heard this news, they all expressed their sympathy. But the old man didn’t care—instead, he comforted everyone calmly: "Losing a horse is certainly a bad thing, but who knows if it will bring good results?" Sure enough, after a few months, the lost old horse ran back from beyond the frontier—and it even brought back a fine horse ridden by the Hu people. So the neighbors all came to congratulate the old man and praised him for having foresight when he lost his horse. However, at this time, the old man looked worried and said: "Alas, who knows if this matter will bring disaster to me?" The extra fine horse from the Hu people made the old man’s son overjoyed. So he rode the horse around every day, never getting tired of it. Finally, one day, the son became so complacent that he fell off the galloping horse, broke one of his legs, and was left permanently disabled. When the kind neighbors heard the news, they hurried to comfort the family. But the old man still said the same old thing: "Who knows if this will bring good results?" Another year passed, and the Hu people launched a large-scale invasion of the Central Plains. The situation at the frontier suddenly became tense. Strong young men were all drafted into the army, and as a result, eight or nine out of ten died on the battlefield. But the old man’s son, because of his lame leg, was exempted from military service. So the father and son were able to avoid this disaster of separation between life and death. Moral As this story has been passed down from generation to generation, it has gradually been condensed into an idiom: "When the old man at the frontier lost his horse, how could he know if it was a blessing or a curse?" It shows that good things and bad things in the world are not absolute. Under certain conditions, bad things can lead to good results, and good things may also lead to bad results. 塞翁失马(中文翻译) 从前,有位老人住在与胡人(中国古代北方的一个民族)相邻的边境地区。路过的行人都恭敬地称他为 “塞翁”。这位老人天性乐观,看待事情的方式也和别人不一样。 有一天,不知为何,老人家里的马在吃草时走失了,一直没回来。邻居们听到这个消息,都纷纷前来安慰。可老人却毫不在意,反而平静地安慰大家说:“丢了一匹马,固然是件坏事,但谁知道这会不会带来好结果呢?” 果然,几个月后,那匹走失的老马从边境之外跑了回来 —— 还带回了一匹胡人的好马。于是邻居们都来向老人道贺,称赞他在丢马时就有先见之明。可这时,老人却面露忧色,说:“唉,谁知道这件事会不会给我带来灾祸呢?” 这匹额外得来的胡人马,让老人的儿子高兴坏了。于是他每天骑着这匹马四处游荡,乐此不疲。终于有一天,儿子因为得意忘形,从飞奔的马上摔了下来,摔断了一条腿,落下了终身残疾。善良的邻居们听到消息,又急忙来安慰这家人。可老人还是说了那句老话:“谁知道这会不会带来好结果呢?” 又过了一年,胡人对中原发动了大规模入侵,边境的局势突然变得紧张起来。强壮的年轻人都被征召入伍,结果十有八九死在了战场上。而老人的儿子因为腿瘸,免于服兵役。就这样,父子俩得以躲过这场生死离别的灾祸。 寓意 这个故事代代相传,渐渐浓缩成了一句成语:“塞翁失马,焉知非福”。它告诉我们,世间的好事和坏事都不是绝对的。在一定条件下,坏事可以转化为好事,好事也可能引发坏事。 逐句翻译 + 解析 1. The Old Man at the Frontier Losing His Horse(塞翁失马) 1. 逐句翻译:边境老人丢了他的马(即 “塞翁失马”,后常接 “焉知非福”,比喻坏事在一定条件下可变为好事) 1. 陌生单词: 1. the frontier / fr nt (r)/n. 边境;边疆(例:a town on the frontier 边境小镇;the Old Man at the Frontier 边境老人) 1. losing his horse 丢了他的马;失去他的马(“lose” 表 “丢失、失去”,现在分词短语作后置定语,例:the boy losing his key 丢了钥匙的男孩;the Old Man...Losing His Horse 丢了马的边境老人) 1. 高频语块:The Old Man at the Frontier Losing His Horse 塞翁失马(寓言标题,表 “坏事可能变好事”,例:“The Old Man at the Frontier Losing His Horse” tells us not to judge things only by their surface.《塞翁失马》告诉我们不要只看事情的表面。) 1. 造句:Our textbook uses the story “The Old Man at the Frontier Losing His Horse” to teach us about the change between good and bad.(我们课本用《塞翁失马》的故事,教我们理解好事与坏事的转化。) 2. Once upon a time, there was an old man who lived in a frontier area adjacent to the Hu people (an ancient ethnic group in northern China). 1. 逐句翻译:从前,有位老人住在与胡人(中国古代北方的一个民族)相邻的边境地区。 1. 陌生单词: 5. once upon a time 从前(故事开头固定表达,前文多次出现,复习,例:Once upon a time, there was a prince. 从前,有一位王子。) 5. a frontier area 边境地区;边疆地带(“area” 表 “地区、区域”,例:a mountain area 山区;a frontier area 边境地区) 5. adjacent to / d e snt tu / 与…… 相邻;靠近……(固定短语,例:a park adjacent to the school 与学校相邻的公园;adjacent to the Hu people 与胡人相邻) 5. the Hu people 胡人(中国古代北方民族,专有名词,例:the culture of the Hu people 胡人的文化) 5. an ancient ethnic group 一个古代民族;古代族群(“ancient” 表 “古代的”,“ethnic group” 表 “民族、族群”,例:an ancient civilization 古代文明;an ancient ethnic group 古代民族) 1. 高频语块:adjacent to 与…… 相邻(例:Our house is adjacent to a small river. 我们家旁边有条小河。) 1. 造句:Once upon a time, there was a farmer who lived in a village adjacent to a big forest (a place with many trees).(从前,有位农夫住在与一片大森林(一个有很多树的地方)相邻的村子里。) 3. Travelers passing by all respectfully called him "the Old Man at the Frontier." 1. 逐句翻译:路过的行人都恭敬地称他为 “塞翁”。 1. 陌生单词: 9. travelers passing by 路过的行人;经过的旅行者(现在分词短语 “passing by” 作定语,例:a dog passing by 路过的狗;travelers passing by 路过的行人) 9. respectfully /r spektf li/adv. 恭敬地;尊敬地(“respectful” 的副词形式,例:listened respectfully 恭敬地听;called him respectfully 恭敬地称他) 9. called him "the Old Man at the Frontier" 称他为 “边境老人”;叫他 “塞翁”(“call sb + 称呼” 表 “称某人为……”,例:called her "Sister Li" 称她为 “李姐”;called him "the Old Man at the Frontier" 称他为 “塞翁”) 1. 高频语块:travelers passing by 路过的行人(例:Travelers passing by often stop to drink water in this shop. 路过的行人经常在这家店停下来喝水。) 1. 造句:Children passing by all happily called her "Aunt Wang."(路过的小朋友都开心地称她为 “王阿姨”。) 4. The old man was naturally optimistic, and his way of dealing with things was different from others. 1. 逐句翻译:这位老人天性乐观,看待事情的方式也和别人不一样。 1. 陌生单词: 13. naturally optimistic / n t r li pt m st k/ 天性乐观的;天生乐观的(“naturally” 表 “天生地、天性地”,“optimistic” 表 “乐观的”,例:a naturally happy child 天性快乐的孩子;naturally optimistic 天性乐观) 13. way of dealing with things 处理事情的方式;看待事情的方法(“way of doing sth” 表 “做某事的方式”,“deal with” 表 “处理、对待”,例:a way of solving problems 解决问题的方法;way of dealing with things 处理事情的方式) 13. different from others 与别人不同;和其他人不一样(“different from” 表 “与…… 不同”,例:a style different from others 与别人不同的风格;different from others 和别人不一样) 1. 高频语块:way of dealing with sth 处理某事的方式(例:Everyone has their own way of dealing with stress. 每个人都有自己应对压力的方式。) 1. 造句:My grandma is naturally kind, and her way of talking to people is different from others.(我奶奶天性善良,她与人说话的方式也和别人不一样。) 5. One day, for some unknown reason, the old man’s horse got lost while grazing and didn’t come back. 1. 逐句翻译:有一天,不知为何,老人家里的马在吃草时走失了,一直没回来。 1. 陌生单词: 17. for some unknown reason 不知为何;因为某种未知的原因(固定短语,例:For some unknown reason, he was late. 不知为何,他迟到了;for some unknown reason 不知为何) 17. got lost 迷路;走失(固定短语,例:The child got lost in the mall. 孩子在商场里迷路了;the horse got lost 马走失了) 17. while grazing / re z / 在吃草时;放牧时(“grazing” 是 “graze” 的现在分词,表 “(动物)吃草”,例:cows while grazing 吃草的牛;while grazing 在吃草时) 1. 高频语块:got lost 走失;迷路(例:My cat got lost last night, but it came back this morning. 我的猫昨晚走失了,但今早回来了。) 1. 造句:One day, for some unknown reason, my dad’s bike got lost while parked on the street and didn’t come back.(有一天,不知为何,爸爸的自行车停在路边时不见了,一直没找回来。) 6. When the neighbors heard this news, they all expressed their sympathy. 1. 逐句翻译:邻居们听到这个消息,都纷纷前来安慰。 1. 陌生单词: 21. neighbors / ne b z/n. 邻居;邻人(例:friendly neighbors 友好的邻居;the neighbors 邻居们) 21. expressed their sympathy / s mp i/ 表达他们的同情;表示安慰(“express” 表 “表达、表示”,“sympathy” 表 “同情、慰问”,例:expressed his thanks 表达他的感谢;expressed their sympathy 表达安慰) 1. 高频语块:expressed sympathy 表示同情;给予安慰(例:When she heard about his illness, she expressed her sympathy. 听到他生病的消息,她表示了安慰。) 1. 造句:When the classmates heard about her accident, they all expressed their care.(同学们听到她出事的消息,都纷纷表达了关心。) 7. But the old man didn’t care—instead, he comforted everyone calmly: "Losing a horse is certainly a bad thing, but who knows if it will bring good results?" 1. 逐句翻译:可老人却毫不在意,反而平静地安慰大家说:“丢了一匹马,固然是件坏事,但谁知道这会不会带来好结果呢?” 1. 陌生单词: 25. didn’t care 不在意;不在乎(例:He didn’t care about the result. 他不在乎结果;didn’t care 毫不在意) 25. instead / n sted/adv. 反而;相反(表转折替代,前文多次出现,复习,例:He didn’t cry, instead, he smiled. 他没哭,反而笑了;instead, he comforted everyone 反而安慰大家) 25. comforted everyone calmly 平静地安慰大家;镇定地安抚众人(“comfort” 表 “安慰、安抚”,“calmly” 表 “平静地、镇定地”,例:comforted the child gently 温柔地安慰孩子;comforted everyone calmly 平静地安慰大家) 25. certainly a bad thing 固然是件坏事;肯定是坏事(“certainly” 表 “固然、肯定”,例:certainly a good idea 固然是个好主意;certainly a bad thing 固然是件坏事) 25. who knows if... 谁知道是否…… 呢?(固定句式,表 “不确定、未知”,例:Who knows if it will rain tomorrow? 谁知道明天会不会下雨呢?;who knows if it will bring good results 谁知道会不会带来好结果呢) 25. bring good results 带来好结果;带来好处(“bring” 表 “带来、引起”,例:bring good luck 带来好运;bring good results 带来好结果) 1. 高频语块:who knows if... 谁知道是否…… 呢?(例:Who knows if we can finish the work on time? 谁知道我们能不能按时完成工作呢?) 1. 造句:But the little girl didn’t cry—instead, she said calmly: "Losing my toy is certainly a bad thing, but who knows if Mom will buy me a new one?"(可小女孩没哭,反而平静地说:“玩具丢了固然是件坏事,但谁知道妈妈会不会给我买个新的呢?”) 8. Sure enough, after a few months, the lost old horse ran back from beyond the frontier—and it even brought back a fine horse ridden by the Hu people. 1. 逐句翻译:果然,几个月后,那匹走失的老马从边境之外跑了回来 —— 还带回了一匹胡人的好马。 1. 陌生单词: 29. sure enough 果然;果真(固定短语,表 “与预期一致”,例:Sure enough, he came early. 果然,他来得很早;Sure enough 果然) 29. after a few months 几个月后;过了几个月(例:after a few days 几天后;after a few months 几个月后) 29. the lost old horse 那匹走失的老马;丢失的老马(“lost” 表 “丢失的”,作定语,例:the lost key 丢失的钥匙;the lost old horse 走失的老马) 29. from beyond the frontier 从边境之外;来自边疆以外(“beyond” 表 “在…… 之外”,例:a village beyond the mountain 山那边的村子;from beyond the frontier 从边境之外) 29. a fine horse 一匹好马;骏马(“fine” 表 “优质的、好的”,例:a fine day 好天气;a fine horse 好马) 29. ridden by the Hu people 被胡人骑的;胡人的(过去分词短语作定语,“ridden” 是 “ride” 的过去分词,例:a bike ridden by him 他骑的自行车;a fine horse ridden by the Hu people 胡人的好马) 1. 高频语块:sure enough 果然(例:I thought he would help, and sure enough, he came. 我就知道他会帮忙,果然他来了。) 1. 造句:Sure enough, after a few weeks, the lost little bird flew back from beyond the park—and it even brought back a small branch with flowers.(果然,几周后,那只走失的小鸟从公园之外飞了回来 —— 还带回了一根带花的小树枝。) 9. So the neighbors all came to congratulate the old man and praised him for having foresight when he lost his horse. 1. 逐句翻译:于是邻居们都来向老人道贺,称赞他在丢马时就有先见之明。 1. 陌生单词: 33. came to congratulate 来道贺;前来祝贺(“congratulate” 表 “祝贺、道贺”,例:came to congratulate her on her success 来祝贺她的成功;came to congratulate the old man 来向老人道贺) 33. praised him for 称赞他……;表扬他……(“praise sb for sth” 表 “因某事表扬某人”,例:praised her for her kindness 称赞她的善良;praised him for having foresight 称赞他有先见之明) 33. having foresight / f sa t/ 有先见之明;有远见(“foresight” 表 “远见、先见”,例:a man with foresight 有远见的人;having foresight 有先见之明) 1. 高频语块:praised sb for doing sth 因做某事表扬某人(例:The teacher praised him for finishing his homework on time. 老师因他按时完成作业表扬了他。) 1. 造句:So the classmates all came to congratulate her and praised her for having courage when she faced the difficulty.(于是同学们都来向她道贺,称赞她面对困难时很有勇气。) 10. However, at this time, the old man looked worried and said: "Alas, who knows if this matter will bring disaster to me?" 1. 逐句翻译:可这时,老人却面露忧色,说:“唉,谁知道这件事会不会给我带来灾祸呢?” 1. 陌生单词: 37. however /ha ev (r)/adv. 然而;可是(表转折,例:He is young, however, he is very capable. 他很年轻,可是能力很强;However, the old man looked worried 可老人却面露忧色) 37. looked worried 看起来担心;面露忧色(“worried” 表 “担心的、忧虑的”,例:she looked sad 她看起来难过;looked worried 看起来担心) 37. this matter 这件事;这事(例:this problem 这个问题;this matter 这件事) 37. bring disaster to /d z st (r)/ 给…… 带来灾祸;给…… 带来灾难(“disaster” 表 “灾祸、灾难”,例:bring trouble to 给…… 带来麻烦;bring disaster to me 给我带来灾祸) 1. 高频语块:bring disaster to sb 给某人带来灾祸(例:Carelessness can bring disaster to us. 粗心会给我们带来灾祸。) 1. 造句:However, at this time, the little boy looked nervous and said: "Oh, who knows if this small mistake will bring trouble to my mom?"(可这时,小男孩看起来很紧张,说:“唉,谁知道这个小错误会不会给妈妈带来麻烦呢?”) 11. The extra fine horse from the Hu people made the old man’s son overjoyed. 1. 逐句翻译:这匹额外得来的胡人马,让老人的儿子高兴坏了。 1. 陌生单词: 41. extra / ekstr /adj. 额外的;多余的(例:extra time 额外时间;extra fine horse 额外的好马) 41. from the Hu people 来自胡人的;胡人的(例:gifts from the Hu people 胡人的礼物;the extra fine horse from the Hu people 额外的胡人马) 41. made the old man’s son overjoyed 让老人的儿子狂喜;使老人的儿子高兴坏了(“make sb + adj” 表 “使某人……”,“overjoyed” 表 “狂喜的、极度高兴的”,例:made her happy 让她开心;made the old man’s son overjoyed 让老人的儿子高兴坏了) 41. overjoyed / v d d/adj. 狂喜的;极度高兴的(例:overjoyed to see her 见到她很高兴;overjoyed 高兴坏了) 1. 高频语块:made sb overjoyed 使某人高兴坏了(例:The good news made the whole family overjoyed. 这个好消息让全家人高兴坏了。) 1. 造句:The unexpected gift from her friend made the little girl overjoyed.(朋友送来的意外礼物,让小女孩高兴坏了。) 12. So he rode the horse around every day, never getting tired of it. 1. 逐句翻译:于是他每天骑着这匹马四处游荡,乐此不疲。 1. 陌生单词: 45. rode the horse around 骑着马四处逛;骑马四处游荡(“ride around” 表 “四处骑(车 / 马)”,例:rode the bike around 骑自行车四处逛;rode the horse around 骑着马四处游荡) 45. every day 每天;天天(例:read books every day 每天看书;rode the horse around every day 每天骑着马四处逛) 45. never getting tired of it 从不厌倦;乐此不疲(“get tired of” 表 “厌倦、厌烦”,现在分词短语作伴随状语,例:never getting tired of reading 从不厌倦读书;never getting tired of it 从不厌倦) 1. 高频语块:get tired of sth 厌倦某事(例:She never gets tired of helping others. 她帮助别人从不厌倦。) 1. 造句:So she drew pictures every afternoon, never getting tired of it.(于是她每天下午都画画,乐此不疲。) 13. Finally, one day, the son became so complacent that he fell off the galloping horse, broke one of his legs, and was left permanently disabled. 1. 逐句翻译:终于有一天,儿子因为得意忘形,从飞奔的马上摔了下来,摔断了一条腿,落下了终身残疾。 1. 陌生单词: 49. finally / fa n li/adv. 终于;最终(前文多次出现,复习,例:Finally, he arrived 最终他到了;Finally, one day 终于有一天) 49. became so complacent that... 变得如此自满以至于……;因为得意忘形而……(“so + adj + that...” 表 “如此…… 以至于……”,“complacent” 表 “自满的、得意的”,例:became so proud that 变得如此骄傲以至于;became so complacent that 变得如此自满以至于) 49. complacent /k m ple snt/adj. 自满的;得意忘形的(例:complacent about his success 对自己的成功自满;became so complacent 变得得意忘形) 49. fell off the galloping horse 从飞奔的马上摔下来;从疾驰的马上跌落(“fall off” 表 “从…… 摔下”,“galloping” 表 “飞奔的、疾驰的”,例:fell off the bike 从自行车上摔下;fell off the galloping horse 从飞奔的马上摔下) 49. galloping / l p /adj. 飞奔的;疾驰的(例:a galloping horse 飞奔的马;the galloping horse 疾驰的马) 49. broke one of his legs 摔断了他的一条腿;断了一条腿(例:broke his arm 摔断了胳膊;broke one of his legs 摔断了一条腿) 49. was left permanently disabled 落下终身残疾;变得永久残疾(“permanently” 表 “永久地”,“disabled” 表 “残疾的”,例:was left blind 落下失明的残疾;was left permanently disabled 落下终身残疾) 1. 高频语块:so + adj + that... 如此…… 以至于……(例:He was so angry that he shouted loudly. 他如此生气以至于大喊起来。) 1. 造句:Finally, one day, the boy became so careless that he knocked over the vase, broke it into pieces, and was left regretful all day.(终于有一天,男孩因为太粗心,打翻了花瓶,把它摔得粉碎,一整天都很后悔。) 14. When the kind neighbors heard the news, they hurried to comfort the family. But the old man still said the same old thing: "Who knows if this will bring good results?" 1. 逐句翻译:善良的邻居们听到消息,又急忙来安慰这家人。可老人还是说了那句老话:“谁知道这会不会带来好结果呢?” 1. 陌生单词: 53. kind neighbors 善良的邻居;好心的邻人(“kind” 表 “善良的、好心的”,例:kind people 善良的人;kind neighbors 善良的邻居) 53. hurried to comfort 急忙去安慰;赶紧安抚(“hurry to do sth” 表 “急忙做某事”,例:hurried to help 急忙去帮忙;hurried to comfort 急忙去安慰) 53. the family 这家人;全家(例:help the family 帮助这家人;comfort the family 安慰这家人) 53. still said the same old thing 还是说同样的老话;依旧说那句老话(“the same old thing” 表 “老样子、老话”,例:did the same old thing 做同样的老事;said the same old thing 说同样的老话) 1. 高频语块:hurried to do sth 急忙做某事(例:When she saw the rain, she hurried to close the window. 看到下雨,她急忙去关窗户。) 1. 造句:When the warm classmates heard her cry, they hurried to cheer her up. But she still said the same old thing: "Who knows if I can finish this task?"(善良的同学们听到她哭,急忙去安慰她。可她还是说了那句老话:“谁知道我能不能完成这个任务呢?”) 15. Another year passed, and the Hu people launched a large-scale invasion of the Central Plains. 1. 逐句翻译:又过了一年,胡人对中原发动了大规模入侵。 1. 陌生单词: 57. another year passed 又过了一年;一年过去了(例:another month passed 又过了一个月;another year passed 又过了一年) 57. launched a large-scale invasion 发动大规模入侵;发起大范围进攻(“launch” 表 “发动、发起”,“large-scale” 表 “大规模的”,“invasion” 表 “入侵、侵犯”,例:launched an attack 发动进攻;launched a large-scale invasion 发动大规模入侵) 57. large-scale / l d ske l/adj. 大规模的;大范围的(例:a large-scale project 大规模项目;large-scale invasion 大规模入侵) 57. the Central Plains 中原;中原地区(中国古代核心区域,专有名词,例:the culture of the Central Plains 中原文化;invasion of the Central Plains 对中原的入侵) 1. 高频语块:launched a large-scale invasion 发动大规模入侵(例:The army launched a large-scale exercise in the desert. 军队在沙漠中开展了大规模演习。) 1. 造句:Another month passed, and the school launched a large-scale reading activity for students.(又过了一个月,学校为学生们发起了大规模的读书活动。) 16. The situation at the frontier suddenly became tense. 1. 逐句翻译:边境的局势突然变得紧张起来。 1. 陌生单词: 61. situation / s t u e n/n. 局势;情况(例:the current situation 当前局势;the situation at the frontier 边境的局势) 61. suddenly became tense 突然变得紧张;骤然紧张(“suddenly” 表 “突然地”,“tense” 表 “紧张的”,例:the atmosphere became tense 气氛变得紧张;suddenly became tense 突然变得紧张) 61. tense /tens/adj. 紧张的;紧绷的(例:a tense moment 紧张的时刻;became tense 变得紧张) 1. 高频语块:the situation became tense 局势变得紧张(例:As the exam approached, the situation in the classroom became tense. 随着考试临近,教室里的氛围变得紧张起来。) 1. 造句:The situation in the classroom suddenly became tense when the teacher found the broken window.(老师发现窗户破了,教室里的气氛突然变得紧张起来。) 17. Strong young men were all drafted into the army, and as a result, eight or nine out of ten died on the battlefield. 1. 逐句翻译:强壮的年轻人都被征召入伍,结果十有八九死在了战场上。 1. 陌生单词: 65. strong young men 强壮的年轻人;健壮的青年(例:strong young workers 强壮的年轻工人;strong young men 强壮的年轻人) 65. were drafted into the army 被征召入伍;被招进军队(“draft” 表 “征召、招募”,被动语态,例:was drafted into the team 被选入球队;were drafted into the army 被征召入伍) 65. drafted /dr ft d/v. 征召;招募(例:drafted soldiers 征召士兵;were drafted into the army 被征召入伍) 65. as a result 结果;因此(固定短语,表 “因果关系”,例:As a result, he passed the exam. 结果,他通过了考试;as a result 结果) 65. eight or nine out of ten 十有八九;八九成(表 “比例很高”,例:eight or nine out of ten students 十有八九的学生;eight or nine out of ten died 十有八九死了) 65. on the battlefield / b tlfi ld/ 在战场上;在战地(“battlefield” 表 “战场”,例:fought on the battlefield 在战场上战斗;died on the battlefield 死在战场上) 1. 高频语块:as a result 结果(例:He studied hard, and as a result, he got good grades. 他努力学习,结果取得了好成绩。) 1. 造句:All students were asked to practice English every day, and as a result, eight or nine out of ten improved their scores.(所有学生都被要求每天练习英语,结果十有八九的人提高了成绩。) 18. But the old man’s son, because of his lame leg, was exempted from military service. 1. 逐句翻译:而老人的儿子因为腿瘸,免于服兵役。 1. 陌生单词: 69. because of his lame leg 因为他的瘸腿;由于腿瘸(“lame” 表 “瘸的、跛的”,例:because of his broken arm 因为他的断臂;because of his lame leg 因为他的瘸腿) 69. lame /le m/adj. 瘸的;跛的(例:a lame dog 瘸腿的狗;his lame leg 他的瘸腿) 69. was exempted from 被免除;免于(“exempt” 表 “免除、豁免”,被动语态,例:was exempted from homework 被免除作业;was exempted from military service 免于服兵役) 69. military service 兵役;服兵役(固定短语,例:serve in military service 服兵役;exempted from military service 免于服兵役) 1. 高频语块:was exempted from 免于……(例:Children under 6 are exempted from train tickets. 6 岁以下儿童免火车票。) 1. 造句:But the little girl, because of her young age, was exempted from the difficult exam.(而小女孩因为年纪小,免于参加这场难的考试。) 19. So the father and son were able to avoid this disaster of separation between life and death. 1. 逐句翻译:就这样,父子俩得以躲过这场生死离别的灾祸。 1. 陌生单词: 73. the father and son 父子俩;父亲和儿子(例:the mother and daughter 母女俩;the father and son 父子俩) 73. were able to avoid 能够避免;得以躲开(“be able to do sth” 表 “能够做某事”,“avoid” 表 “避免、躲开”,例:were able to solve 能够解决;were able to avoid 能够避免) 73. this disaster of separation between life and death 这场生死离别的灾祸;这场生离死别的灾难(“separation between life and death” 表 “生死离别”,例:the pain of separation between life and death 生死离别的痛苦;this disaster of separation between life and death 这场生死离别的灾祸) 1. 高频语块:were able to avoid 能够避免(例:With his help, we were able to avoid the mistake. 在他的帮助下,我们得以避免这个错误。) 1. 造句:So the whole family were able to avoid this danger of heavy rain and flood.(就这样,全家人得以躲过这场暴雨洪水的危险。) Moral(寓意部分) 20. As this story has been passed down from generation to generation, it has gradually been condensed into an idiom: "When the old man at the frontier lost his horse, how could he know if it was a blessing or a curse?" 1. 逐句翻译:这个故事代代相传,渐渐浓缩成了一句成语:“塞翁失马,焉知非福”。 1. 陌生单词: 77. has been passed down from generation to generation 被代代相传;代代流传(“pass down” 表 “传承、流传”,现在完成时被动语态,“from generation to generation” 表 “代代相传”,例:stories passed down from generation to generation 代代相传的故事;has been passed down from generation to generation 被代代相传) 77. generation / d en re n/n. 一代;一代人(例:young generation 年轻一代;from generation to generation 代代相传) 77. gradually been condensed into 渐渐被浓缩成;逐渐被精简为(“condense” 表 “浓缩、精简”,被动语态,例:been condensed into a short story 被浓缩成短篇故事;been condensed into an idiom 被浓缩成成语) 77. condensed /k n densd/v. 浓缩;精简(例:condensed the report 精简报告;been condensed into 被浓缩成) 77. an idiom / di m/n. 成语;习语(例:a Chinese idiom 中文成语;an idiom 成语) 77. a blessing or a curse / bles (r) k s/ 福气还是灾祸;好事还是坏事(“blessing” 表 “福气、好事”,“curse” 表 “灾祸、坏事”,例:Whether it’s a blessing or a curse depends on you. 是福是祸取决于你;it was a blessing or a curse 是福还是祸) 1. 高频语块:from generation to generation 代代相传(例:This tradition has been kept from generation to generation. 这个传统代代相传。) 1. 造句:As this folk song has been sung from generation to generation, it has gradually been loved by more people: "Jasmine Flower" is known by almost everyone.(这首民歌代代传唱,渐渐被更多人喜爱 ——《茉莉花》几乎家喻户晓。) 21. It shows that good things and bad things in the world are not absolute. Under certain conditions, bad things can lead to good results, and good things may also lead to bad results. 1. 逐句翻译:它告诉我们,世间的好事和坏事都不是绝对的。在一定条件下,坏事可以转化为好事,好事也可能引发坏事。 1. 陌生单词: 81. it shows that... 它表明……;它告诉我们……(“it” 指代前文的成语 / 故事,例:It shows that hard work pays off. 它表明努力就有回报;It shows that good things and bad things are not absolute 它告诉我们好事和坏事不是绝对的) 81. not absolute / bs lu t/ 不是绝对的;非绝对的(“absolute” 表 “绝对的、完全的”,例:not sure 不确定;not absolute 不是绝对的) 81. under certain conditions 在一定条件下;在特定情况下(固定短语,例:under good conditions 在良好条件下;under certain conditions 在一定条件下) 81. certain / s tn/adj. 某种;一定的(例:a certain place 某个地方;certain conditions 一定条件) 81. lead to good results 带来好结果;导致好结果(“lead to” 表 “导致、带来”,例:lead to success 带来成功;lead to good results 带来好结果) 81. may also lead to 也可能导致;或许还会引发(“may” 表 “可能”,例:may also cause 也可能引起;may also lead to 也可能导致) 1. 高频语块:lead to 导致;带来(例:Laziness can lead to failure. 懒惰会导致失败。) 1. 造句:This experiment shows that easy tasks and hard tasks are not absolute. Under certain conditions, easy tasks can help us build confidence, and hard tasks may also lead to great progress.(这个实验告诉我们,简单的任务和困难的任务都不是绝对的。在一定条件下,简单任务能帮我们建立信心,困难任务也可能带来巨大进步。) 核心知识点汇总 1. 重点动词短语 动词短语 含义 例句 got lost 走失;迷路 My dog got lost in the park yesterday. expressed sympathy 表示同情;给予安慰 They expressed sympathy for the poor family. bring good results 带来好结果 Hard work will bring good results. praised sb for doing sth 因做某事表扬某人 The teacher praised her for helping others. got tired of sth 厌倦某事 He got tired of watching TV. fell off 从…… 摔下 She fell off the chair and hurt her leg. as a result 结果;因此 It rained heavily, as a result, the game was canceled. lead to 导致;带来 Smoking can lead to health problems. 2. 高频语法与结构 1. “who knows if...” 疑问句式:表 “谁知道是否…… 呢?”,用于表达不确定,例:Who knows if we’ll have a picnic tomorrow? 谁知道明天我们会不会去野餐呢?;Who knows if it will bring good results? 谁知道会不会带来好结果呢? 1. “so + adj + that...” 结果状语从句:表 “如此…… 以至于……”,例:He was so happy that he jumped up. 他太开心了以至于跳了起来;The son became so complacent that he fell off the horse. 儿子太得意以至于从马上摔了下来。 1. “under certain conditions” 条件短语:表 “在一定条件下”,用于说明事物转化的前提,例:Under certain conditions, ice can turn into water. 在一定条件下,冰能变成水;Under certain conditions, bad things can lead to good results. 在一定条件下,坏事能带来好结果。 1. 现在完成时被动语态 “has been + 过去分词”:表 “已经被……”,用于强调动作的被动和完成,例:The story has been passed down. 故事已被代代相传;The idiom has been condensed. 成语已被浓缩。 场景复述练习(巩固语块) 用8-10个高频语块串联故事核心,强化记忆与运用: An old man at the frontier lost his horse, but he said calmly: “Who knows if this will bring good results?”[1] Sure enough, the horse came back with a fine Hu horse later[2]. Neighbors congratulated him, but he worried: “Who knows if this will bring disaster?”[3] His son rode the new horse every day. One day, he fell off the galloping horse and became disabled[4]. The old man still said the same thing[5]. A year later, Hu people invaded, and strong young men were drafted into the army—most died[6]. But the son was exempted because of his lame leg[7]. This story has been passed down and condensed into the idiom “When the old man lost his horse, who knows if it’s a blessing or a curse?” It shows good and bad things are not absolute—under certain conditions, they can change[8]. 中文翻译 边境的一位老人丢了马,却平静地说:“谁知道这会不会带来好结果呢?”[1] 果然,后来这匹马带着一匹胡人的好马回来了 [2]。邻居们来道贺,可老人却担忧地说:“谁知道这会不会带来灾祸呢?”[3] 老人的儿子每天骑着新马,有一天从飞奔的马上摔下来,成了残疾人 [4]。老人还是说了那句老话 [5]。一年后,胡人入侵,强壮的年轻人都被征召入伍 —— 大部分人死了 [6],而老人的儿子因为腿瘸免于服役 [7]。 这个故事代代相传,浓缩成了 “塞翁失马,焉知非福” 的成语。它告诉我们好事和坏事不是绝对的 —— 在一定条件下,它们是可以转化的 [8]。 高频语块清单(附用法) 1. [1] bring good results(动词短语):带来好结果(例:Studying hard will bring good results in exams.) 1. [2] sure enough(副词短语):果然(例:I thought he’d agree, and sure enough, he said yes.) 1. [3] bring disaster(动词短语):带来灾祸(例:Carelessness can bring disaster to our lives.) 1. [4] fell off the galloping horse(动词短语):从飞奔的马上摔下来(例:The cowboy almost fell off the galloping horse.) 1. [5] said the same thing(动词短语):说同样的话(例:Every time I asked, he said the same thing.) 1. [6] drafted into the army(动词短语):被征召入伍(例:During the war, many young men were drafted into the army.) 1. [7] exempted because of(动词短语):因为…… 免于……(例:She was exempted from the test because of her illness.) 1. [8] under certain conditions(介词短语):在一定条件下(例:Under certain conditions, water can become ice.) 1. 《The Old Man at the Frontier Losing His Horse》练习题 I. 阅读理解单选题 (10小题)阅读文章,根据文章内容选择最佳答案。 1. Where did the old man live? A. In a big city. B. In a frontier area adjacent to the Hu people. C. In a forest. D. By the sea. 2. What was the old man's personality? A. Naturally optimistic. B. Always worried. C. Very strict. D. Quite lazy. 3. What happened to the old man's horse at the beginning? A. It got lost while grazing. B. It was sold to the Hu people. C. It died of old age. D. It ran too fast. 4. How did the neighbors react when the horse got lost? A. They expressed their sympathy. B. They laughed at the old man. C. They didn't care. D. They helped him look for it. 5. What did the old man say when he lost his horse? A. "This is a disaster!" B. "Who knows if it will bring good results?" C. "I will buy a new one." D. "I am very sad." 6. What happened a few months later? A. The lost horse never came back. B. The lost horse came back with a fine horse from the Hu people. C. The old man bought a new horse. D. The neighbors gave him a new horse. 7. What happened to the old man's son? A. He became a soldier. B. He fell off the horse and broke his leg. C. He rode the horse to the Hu people's area. D. He sold the fine horse. 8. Why was the old man's son exempted from military service? A. Because he was too young. B. Because he was too old. C. Because of his lame leg. D. Because the old man was rich. 9. What happened to most strong young men in the war? A. They became heroes. B. Eight or nine out of ten died on the battlefield. C. They ran away. D. They joined the Hu people. 10. What is the main moral of the story? A. Good things and bad things are not absolute. B. Never lose your horse. C. Always listen to your neighbors. D. War is terrible. II. 完形填空题 (10小题)阅读下面短文,从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 An old man lived in a (1)_ area. One day, his horse got (2)_. The neighbors felt sorry for him, but the old man was (3)_. He said, "Who knows if it will bring good (4)_?" A few months later, the horse came back with a (5)_ horse. The old man's son loved the new horse and rode it every day. (6)_, he fell off and broke his leg. Later, a war (7)_. All strong young men were drafted into the army, and most of them (8)_. But the old man's son was (9)_ from military service because of his leg. This story shows that good and bad things are not (10)_. 1. A. frontier B. city C. village D. town 2. A. lost B. sick C. tired D. hungry 3. A. sad B. angry C. optimistic D. worried 4. A. food B. results C. money D. friends 5. A. fine B. old C. sick D. small 6. A. Luckily B. Finally C. Sadly D. Happily 7. A. ended B. started C. won D. lost 8. A. lived B. died C. ran D. fought 9. A. exempted B. sent C. called D. taken 10. A. relative B. absolute C. good D. bad III. 短语填空 (10小题)从下方方框中选择合适的短语,并用其正确形式填空。 pass by, get lost, express sympathy, bring back, overjoyed, get tired of, fall off, launch an invasion, be exempted from, pass down 1. Travelers _ the old man's house every day. 2. The old man's horse _ while grazing. 3. The neighbors came to _ for his loss. 4. The lost horse _ a fine horse from the Hu people. 5. The old man's son was _ when he saw the fine horse. 6. He rode the horse every day and never _ it. 7. Unfortunately, he _ the horse and broke his leg. 8. The Hu people _ of the Central Plains. 9. Because of his injury, he _ military service. 10. This story has been _ from generation to generation. IV. 句子翻译 (10小题)将下列中文句子翻译成英文。 1. 从前,有一位老人住在靠近胡人的边境地区。 2. 这位老人天生乐观。 3. 一天,老人的马在吃草时走失了。 4. 邻居们听到这个消息都来表示同情。 5. "丢马当然是坏事,但谁知道它会不会带来好结果呢?" 6. 几个月后,走失的老马从塞外跑了回来。 7. 它还带回来一匹胡人骑的骏马。 8. 老人的儿子喜出望外。 9. 他从奔驰的马上摔下来,摔断了一条腿。 10. 父子俩因此得以避免这场生离死别的灾祸。 V. 句型转换 (10小题)根据要求改写句子,保持句意基本不变。 1. The old man lived in a frontier area. (改为一般疑问句) _ the old man _ in a frontier area? 2. He was naturally optimistic. (对划线部分提问) _ _ he naturally? 3. The horse got lost while grazing. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the horse get lost? 4. "Who knows if it will bring good results?" the old man said. (改为间接引语) The old man said that who _ if it _ bring good results. 5. The lost horse came back with a fine horse. (改为否定句) The lost horse _ _ back with a fine horse. 6. The son fell off the horse. (改为一般疑问句) _ the son _ off the horse? 7. The Hu people launched a large-scale invasion. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the Hu people launch? 8. Strong young men were drafted into the army. (改为主动语态) They _ strong young men into the army. 9. The father and son avoided this disaster. (改为感叹句) _ _ the father and son avoided this disaster! 10. This story has been passed down. (对划线部分提问) _ _ this story been done? 练习题答案 I. 阅读理解单选题 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A II. 完形填空题 1. A 2. A 3. C