Unit 1 Section B知识讲解及巩固练习 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1 Happy holiday Section B的核心内容，涵盖35个单词短语、两篇主题日记、14个重点词汇解析、复合不定代词语法及分层练习，搭建了从词汇积累到语篇理解再到语法应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“归纳拓展+情境应用”呈现知识体系，如“forget”区分“to do/doing”用法并配练习，表格对比might与may语气差异，培养语言能力与思维品质。分层练习从词形变换到阅读理解，附“学会运用”即时检测，助力学生自主巩固，教师可直接用于课堂教学或个性化辅导。

Unit 1 Happy holiday Section B What can we learn from holiday experiences? 一、单词 1.square /skweə(r)/n. 广场；正方形 adj. 正方形的；平方的 2.during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/prep. 在…… 期间 3.victory /ˈvɪktəri/n. 胜利；成功 4.Russian /ˈrʌʃn/adj. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的 n. 俄罗斯人；俄语 5.fight /faɪt/n. 战斗；搏斗；斗争 v. (fought /fɔːt/) 打仗；打架 6.against /əˈgenst/prep. 反对；与…… 相反；紧靠 7.fight against sb /sth 与…… 作战；与…… 作斗争 8.guide /gaɪd/n. 导游；指南；手册 v. 给某人领路；指导 9.artwork /ˈɑːtwɜːk/n. 艺术作品；插图 10.thousands of 数以千计的；成千上万的 11.tear /tɪə(r)/n. 眼泪；泪水 12.remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/v. 提醒；使想起 13.peace /piːs/n. 和平；太平 14.easily /ˈiːzəli/adv. 容易地；轻易地 15.forget /fəˈget/v. (forgot /fəˈgɒt/) 忘记；遗忘 16.noon /nuːn/n. 正午；中午 17.sick /sɪk/adj. 生病的；恶心的 18.station /ˈsteɪʃn/n. 火车站；公共汽车站 19.palace /ˈpæləs/n. 王宫；宫殿 20.accordion /əˈkɔːdiən/n. 手风琴 21.get together 聚会；相聚 22.in the sun 在阳光下 23.tower /ˈtaʊə(r)/n. 塔；塔楼 24.might /maɪt/modal v. 可能；可以 25.budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/n. 预算 v. 把…… 编入预算；精打细算 26.passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/n. 护照 27.forgetful /fəˈgetfl/adj. 健忘的；好忘事的 28.faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ; ˌfɑːrəˈweɪ/adj. 远方的；遥远的 29.regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/adj. 平常的；有规律的 30.countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/n. 乡村；农村 31.turn around 转身；翻转 32.surprised /səˈpraɪzd/adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的 33.deer /dɪə(r)/n. (pl. deer) 鹿 34.probably /ˈprɒbəbli/adv. 很可能；大概 35.look for 寻找 二、课文解析 Section B 1b 17 July Today was our first day to visit Moscow. The weather was fine and everyone felt excited to visit some famous places in Russia. In the morning, we went to the Victory Museum. The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis during World War II. As we walked through the halls, the tour guide told us stories about the war. In one hall, I saw an artwork with thousands of glass "tears" falling down. It reminds us that war is terrible and peace does not come easily. We should not forget that. At noon, we had lunch at a restaurant near the park. I liked the ice - cream there, so I ate a lot of it. But, during dinner, I didn't feel like eating because I felt sick. So now, I just want to get a good night's sleep. 18 July It rained last night, so this morning the air was fresh and cool. I felt much better today. We took the Moscow Metro to travel around. The metro stations are really beautiful. Sometimes I felt like I was walking inside a palace. After that, we went to Red Square. It was fantastic! In the afternoon, we arrived at a school and met a group of Russian students. We played games and soon became friends. Later, someone took out his accordion, and soon everyone got together to sing and dance. We were so happy that we didn't notice the time. It was such a good experience! Section B单词讲解 1 square /skweə(r)/ n. 广场；正方形 adj. 正方形的；平方的(教材P6) 归纳拓展 square 既可作名词，意为“广场；正方形”，又可作形容词，意为“正方形的；平方的”。 常见搭配： （1）in the square 在广场 （2）the area of a square 正方形的面积 （3）make/fold ...into a square 把……做成/折成一个正方形 （4）...square metres/ kilometres ……平方米/ 公里 ►They gathered in the square to dance to the music.他们在广场上聚集，随着音乐一起跳舞。 ►To work out the area of a square, you need to know the length of its sides. 要计算一个正方形的面积，你需要知道它的边长。 ►She folded the paper into a square. 她把纸叠成一个正方形 ►He drew a square box on the paper. 他在纸上画了一个正方形的盒子。 ►The room is 10 square metres in size. 这个房间的面积是10 平方米。 学会运用1: The park is quite large and covers an area of 22,134 s kilometres. 学会运用2: My grandma has great interest in the ___________（广场） dancing. 学会运用3: 在北京，许多人去天安门广场观看国旗升起。 In Beijing, many people _______ _______ ________ ________ to watch the national flag raising. 学会运用4: 我们学校的面积是1000 平方米。 Our school has an area of ________ ________ ________. 2 during /'djʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间（教材P6） 归纳拓展 during prep. 在……期间 常见搭配： （1）during the day / night 在白天/夜间 （2）during the week / weekend 在周内/ 在周末 （3）during the meeting / class / performance 会议/上课/演出期间 （4）during one’s childhood 在某人的童年时期 （5）during the summer / winter vacation 在暑假/寒假期间 ►I like to work during the day better.我更喜欢在白天工作。 ►I have meetings during the week. 我在这周内有一些会议 ►Please mute your mobile phone during the meeting.请在会议期间将手机静音。 ►During my childhood, I loved playing outside.在我的童年时期，我喜欢在外面玩。 学会运用5: We need to finish this project ___________（在……期间） this term. 学会运用6: I usually cook dinner d the time when the kids do their homework. 学会运用7:我在午餐时间使用互联网。I use the Internet ___________ ___________. 学会运用8:在过去十年间，他们帮助了60 多个儿童完成学业。 They helped over 60 children finish their schooling ___________ __________ __________ ___________ ___________. 3 victory /'vɪktəri/ n. 胜利；成功（教材P6） 归纳拓展 victory n. 胜利；成功 常见搭配： （1）win a victory 取得胜利 （2）celebrate a victory 庆祝胜利 （3）achieve victory 获得胜利 （4）taste victory 尝到胜利的滋味 （5）from victory to victory 从胜利走向胜利 ►Our team won a great victory in the basketball match. 我们队在篮球比赛中取得了巨大的胜利。 ►The whole city was celebrating their team’s victory.整个城市都在庆祝他们球队的胜利。 ►After many years of struggle, they finally achieved victory. 经过多年的奋斗，他们终于取得了胜利。 学会运用9: The team’s __________ (胜利) was a result of hard work and determination. 学会运用10: After months of hard work, she finally tasted v at the national championship. 学会运用11: 整个团队聚在一起庆祝他们的胜利。 The whole team gathered __________ __________ __________ __________. 4 against /ə'ɡenst/ prep. 反对；与……相反；紧靠（教材P6）归纳拓展 归纳拓展 against prep.“反对；与……相反；紧靠”，还可意为“以……为背景；衬托”。 常见搭配： （1）be against... 反对…… （2）stand against...靠着……站着 （3）play/fight/act against... 与……比赛/斗争（作战） （4）against the setting sun /blue sky /green trees ►I am against the plan to cut the budget.我反对削减预算的计划。 ►She stood against the door, waiting for her friend to arrive. 她靠着门站着，等待朋友到来。 ►Our team will play against theirs in the final.我们队将在决赛中与他们队对阵。 ►The city skyline stood out clearly against the setting sun. 城市的天际线在夕阳的映衬下格外清晰。 学会运用12: The painting looks beautiful a the background of the mountains. 学会运用13: The book is leaning __________ (靠着) the wall. 学会运用14: 与会的每个人都反对这个计划。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________ 5、guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 导游；指南；手册v. 给某人领路；指导(教材P6) 归纳拓展 guide 既可作名词，意为“导游；指南；手册”，也可作动词，意为“给某人领路；指导”。 常见搭配： （1）a tour guide 导游 （2）travel/ user /study guide 旅游/用户/学习指南 （3）guide sb./sth. through/into... 引导某人/某物通过/进入…… （4）guide sb. in sth. 在某事上指导某人 ►She is a good guide who knows a lot about the history of the city. 她是一位很好的导游，对这座城市的历史了如指掌。 ►This travel guide contains detailed information about the best places to visit. 这本旅行指南包含了最佳游览地点的详细信息。 ►The teacher guided the students through the busy streets. 老师带领着学生们穿过繁忙的街道。 学会运用15: She held my arm and g me into the metro station. 学会运用16: With the help of the tour __________ (导游), we walked across the mountains. 学会运用17: 她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道去公园。（翻译句子） ________________________________________________ 学会运用18: 我发现这本《学习指南》对我的英语学习很有帮助。 （翻译句子） ________________________________________________ 6 remind /rɪ'maɪnd/ v. 提醒；使想起（教材P6） 归纳拓展 remind v. 提醒；使想起 常见用法： （1）remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起某人/某事 （2）remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 （3）remind sb. + that 从句 提醒某人…… （4）remind sb. about sth. 提醒某人某事 （5）remind sb. + 疑问词引导的从句 提醒某人…… ►The smell of fresh bread reminds me of my childhood. 新鲜面包的气味使我想起了我的童年。 ►Please remind me to turn off the lights when I leave the room. 请提醒我离开房间时关灯。 ►I just wanted to remind you that the project deadline is next week. 我只是想提醒你，项目的截止日期是下周。 学会运用19: Remind me __________ (phone) Alan before I go out. 学会运用20: I reminded him __________ the danger of catching cold, but he didn’t notice that. 学会运用21: 我想要提醒你呵护自己的健康是必须的。 I want to __________ __________ __________ taking care of your health is a must. 学会运用22: 他们会随时帮助，提醒你如何玩得开心。 They will always be there to help and __________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 7 peace /piːs/ n. 和平；太平（教材P6） 归纳拓展 peace n. 和平；太平，还可意为“宁静”，常见短语： （1）at peace 处于和平状态 （2）in peace 平静地 （3）the peace of... ……的宁静 peaceful adj. 和平的；安静的；平静的 peacefully adv. 和平地；安静地；平静地 ►The countries were at peace for more than a century. 这些国家和平共处了一个多世纪。 ►Everyone lived in peace here. 这里的每个人都过得很平静。 ►She lay back and enjoyed the peace of the summer evening. 她轻松地躺着享受夏日傍晚的宁静。 ►The peaceful night made everyone sleep soundly.宁静的夜晚让每个人都睡得很香。 ►He closed his eyes, sitting there quietly and peacefully.他闭上了眼睛，平心静气地坐着。 学会运用23: Many heroes lost their young lives for the long-lasting __________（和平）of our country. 学会运用24: China is developing rapidly, with its people living a __________ (peace) and happy life. 学会运用25: 最终，我获得了宁静与平和。我举起吉他，开始弹奏。（翻译句子） ___________________________________________________________ 8 easily /'iːzəli/ adv. 容易地；轻易地（教材P6） 归纳拓展 easily adv. 容易地；轻易地，可修饰动词、形容词和句子。 easy adj. 容易的。 常见用法： be easy to do sth. 容易做某事； take it easy 放松；别紧张。 ease n. 轻易；舒适。 常见搭配：with ease 轻松地；at ease舒适；自由自在。 ►He finished his work easily before the deadline.他很轻松地在截止日期前完成了工作。 ►They talked freely and easily about all kinds of topics.他们轻松又随意地谈论各种话题。 ►I think Mr Tang is easy to get along with. 我认为唐老师很容易相处。 ► He passed the exam with ease. 他轻而易举地通过了考试。 ►I won’t feel at ease until you come back safely.你平安回来了，我心里才能踏实。 学会运用26: With the help of the city map, the students found their way to the park _________ (easy). 学会运用27: Wow, what a beautiful garden! It’s easy _________ (take) good photos here. 学会运用28: 如果自行车道太光滑，骑车的人很容易摔倒。 （翻译句子） __________________________________________________ 9 forget /fə'ɡet/ v.（forgot /fə'ɡɒt/）忘记；遗忘（教材P6） 归纳拓展 forget 作及物动词，意为“忘记；遗忘”。 常见用法： （1）forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（本应该做某事，却忘了做。即：没做某事） （2）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已经做过某事，但是忘了。即：做过某事） （3）forget sb./sth. 忘记某人/某事（对具体信息的遗忘） （4）forget about sth. 完全忘记某事（对整件事的遗忘） （5）forget + 从句 忘记…… ►I forgot to take my bag when I left the meeting hall. 我离开会议厅时忘了拿包。 ►Did you forget getting lost in the forest?你忘记在森林里迷路的事情了吗？ ►Let’s forget our differences and be friends.咱们忘掉分歧，做朋友吧。 学会运用30: Don’t forget _________ (turn) off the light when you leave the room. 学会运用31: I forgot __________ (water) the flowers. So when I got back home, I watered them a second time. 学会运用32: 我忘了我用多少钱买的这东西。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________ 学会运用33: 我和新同学建立了良好的关系，我永远不会忘记这段快乐的经历。 I built a good relationship with my new classmates, and I will never ________ _______ ________ ___________. 10 sick /sɪk/ adj. 恶心的；生病的（教材P6） 归纳拓展 sick adj. “恶心的；生病的”，还可意为“厌倦的”。 常见用法： （1）feel sick 不适；患病 （2）the sick 病人 （3）take/ ask for sick leave 休/ 请病假 （4）be sick of (doing) sth. 厌倦（做）某事 ►I feel sick today. I think I have a cold.我今天感觉不舒服。我想我感冒了。 ►The doctor visited all the sick in the hospital.医生探望了医院里的所有病人。 ►I need to take a few days of sick leave.我需要休几天病假 ►I’m sick of doing the same thing every day.我厌倦了每天做同样的事情。 学会运用34: Why don’t you ask for a s leave since you have a cold? 学会运用35: You look pale, John. Are you feeling __________（不适） now? 学会运用36: 我厌倦了一遍又一遍地听那个笑话。 ________________________________ over and over again. 11 might /maɪt/ modal v. 可能；可以（教材P8） 辨析: might 与may might 表示某事有可能发生时，might 所表示的可能性更为不确定；用于礼貌的请求或建议时， might 语气更加委婉。 may 表示某事有可能发生时，may 表示较为肯定的可能性；用于礼貌的请求或建议时，may 比较正式。 ►He might get there on time, but I can’t be sure.他有可能准时到达那里，但我不敢肯定。 ►I thought we might go to the zoo on Saturday.我觉得周六我们可以去动物园。 ►Might I ask for a photo of your family?我可以要一张你的全家福照片吗？ 一语辨异 She may go to the party tonight, but she might also decide to stay at home and watch a movie. 她今晚可能会去参加派对，但也有可能决定待在家里看电影。 学会运用37: Joe __________ (may) miss the early bus, but most of my classmates don’t think so. 学会运用38: She m be right, but I’m not sure. 学会运用39: 我看看您的作品行吗？（翻译句子） ___________________________________________ 12 budget /'bʌdʒɪt/ n. 预算 v. 把……编入预算；精打细算(教材P8) 归纳拓展 budget 作名词，意为“预算”， 常见用法： on a budget 在预算范围内（表示在资金有限的情况下进行活动或购买）； cut the budget 削减预算（即减少支出或降低预算的情况）； have a budget 有预算；制订预算。 budget 作动词，意为“把……编入预算；精打细算”， budget for sth. 为某事做预算。 ►We’re trying to travel on a budget this year.我们今年正努力在有限的预算下旅行。 ►Because of difficulties, the company had to cut the budget. 由于困难，公司不得不削减预算。 ►We need to have a budget for our upcoming project.我们需要为即将开始的项目制订一个预算。 ►We need to budget for the new equipment. 我们需要为新设备做预算。 学会运用40: We have to be careful with our spending because we’re __________ a budget this month. 学会运用41: Giving children pocket money in their early years teaches them the importance of ____________ (budget). 学会运用42:学校不得不削减预算，以节省资金。 The school had to __________ __________ __________ to save money. 学会运用43:We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. It’s important for us to _________ ________ _________ （有一个预算）. 13 passport /'pɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照（教材P8） 归纳拓展 passport 作可数名词，意为“护照”。 常见用法： （1）take/lose/forget one’s passport 带着/丢失/ 忘记某人的护照 （2）show one’s passport 出示某人的护照 （3）hold a Chinese/British passport 持有中国/英国护照 ►You should take your passport with you when changing money. 你兑换货币时应该带着你的护照。 ►Please show me your passport, and fill in these forms.请向我出示一下您的护照，并将这些表格填写一下。 ►He holds a Chinese passport. 他持有中国护照。 学会运用44: You need a p to travel to other countries. 学会运用45: Please write down your _________ (护照) number on this form. 学会运用46: 他要我向他出示护照。（翻译句子） ________________________________________ 14、surprised /sə'praɪzd/ adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的（教材P9） 归纳拓展 surprised 作形容词，意为“惊奇的；惊讶的”。 常见用法： be surprised to do sth. 惊讶地做某事； be surprised + that 从句 惊讶……； be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶。 surprising 作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，指事物所具有的特征，可作定语和表语。 常见用法：It’s surprising that...……令人惊讶。 归纳拓展 Surprise （1）作名词，意为“惊讶；惊奇”。常见用法：to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是；in surprise 惊奇地；give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜。 （2）作动词，意为“使惊奇；使诧异”。常见用法：surprise sb. 使某人惊讶。 ►We are surprised to find that Jimmy has already left. 我们惊奇地发现吉米已经走了。 ►We were surprised at his arrival.我们对他的到来感到惊讶。 ►I was surprised that these houses could last for such a long time. 我很惊讶，这些房子能存在这么长时间。 学会运用50: I was ___________ (surprise) to see James’ name there! 学会运用51: It’s very ___________ (surprise) that the 65-year-old man likes online shopping so much. 学会运用52: There are many interesting things along the way, and there will be ___________ surprise at the end of the trail. 学会运用53: Philip was surprised ___________ (find) that their father was talking to the police and a woman outside their house. 学会运用54: 孩子们惊讶地看着老师，以为他是个魔术师。 （翻译句子） __________________________________________________ 学会运用55: 令他惊讶的是，他刚才遇到的那个人是他们的新班主任。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________ 1 fight against sb./sth. 与……作战；与……作斗争 归纳拓展 fight 作动词，常见用法有：fight for... 为……而战/ 奋斗；fight against... 与……作战/ 斗争；fight with... 与……作战；与……为敌；与……吵架。 fight 作名词，常见用法有：in the fight 在战斗/ 对抗/奋斗中；a hard fight 一场艰苦的战斗/ 奋战/ 比赛； have a fight 打架；吵架。 fighter 作名词，意为“战士；战斗机”。 学会运用1: The father is always a real _________ (fight) in the little kid’s heart. 学会运用2: To fight _________ her illness, she sold her five shops but it didn’t help much. 学会运用3: 孩子们喜欢在下雪天打雪仗（翻译句子） __________________________________________ 学会运用4: 我不会和你吵架。（翻译句子） __________________________________________ 2 get together 聚会；相聚 归纳拓展 get 构成的动词短语还有：get ready for 为……做好准备；get to 到达；get up 起床；get on 上车、船、飞机等；get off 下车、船、飞机等。 学会运用5: We often _____________（聚会）on weekends with our friends. 学会运用6: Andy got __________ the bus and walked towards the sports centre directly. 学会运用7: 我们计划在周末聚在一起看电影。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to watch a movie on the weekend. 3 look for 寻找 归纳拓展 look 构成的动词短语还有： look after 照顾；照料 look like 看上去像 look forward to 盼望；期待 look around 环顾；游览 辨析: look for 与find look for 意为“寻找”，指寻找的行为和过程。 find 意为“找到；发现”，表示寻找的结果。 学会运用8: Vivian always looks __________ new ways to learn about the history. 学会运用9: The two countries are looking forward to __________ (improve) their relationship. 学会运用10: My dog is ill. My friend Jenny agrees to help me __________ __________ （照顾） my dog. 学会运用11: 我到处找我的伞，但找不到。（翻译句子） _____________________________________ 1、How was your summer holiday, …? 你的暑假怎么样，……？(教材P4) (分析结构) 此句是特殊疑问句。How 是特殊疑问词，was 是系动词，your summer holiday 是主语。 ►How was your first day at the new school?你在新学校的第一天过得如何？ ►How was the movie you watched last night?你昨晚看的电影怎么样？ ►How was your new colleague? I heard he just joined last week. 你新同事怎么样？我听说他上周刚入职。 归纳拓展 “How was...?”相当于“What was... like?”，可用于以下情况： （1） 用于询问某人对过去某件事或经历的感受或印象。 （2） 用于询问对某物的印象。 （3） 用于询问对某人的印象。 学会运用 1、-Dale, _______ was your school trip? -Great! I had fun there. A. how B. when C. why D. what 学会运用2: 你的周末如何？（翻译句子） _________________________________________________________________________________ 3 There was a beautiful double rainbow in the sky. 天空中有一道美丽的双彩虹。（教材P5） “There be + 名词”是一个表示存在的固定结构。 There are 表示“有”，其中be 动词的形式由后面离它最近的名词的单复数决定，这里a beautiful double rainbow是单数，且此句时态是一般过去时，所以用was。 ►There are two books and a pen on the desk.桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。 ►There might be a party tonight. 今晚可能有个聚会。 归纳拓展 There be 句型遵循“就近原则”，即 be 动词的形式由离它最近的名词的单复数决定。 There be 句型可以与情态动词连用，表示推测。 学会运用7: There ________ a lot of people at the concert last night. A. is B. are C. was D. were 学会运用8: There _________ (be) a beautiful park near my house. 学会运用9: 张家口有一个著名的滑雪胜地。 _________ _________ a famous ski resort in Zhangjiakou. 语法部分 复合不定代词 　　复合不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上-one,-body,-thing等构成的不定代词。这些词在句中的作用相当于名词,可作主语、宾语、表语、补足语等。 一． 常见的复合不定代词的含义 some-类 any-类 no-类 every-类 -one someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone每人;人人;所有人 -body somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody每人;人人;所有人 -thing something 某事;某物 anything 任何东西;任何事物 nothing没有什么;没有一件东西 everything所有事情;一切 二． 复合不定代词的用法 (1)含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来指人,可互换。含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指物。 I can hear somebody/someone moving about upstairs. 我听见楼上有人来回走动。 Everything is ready. 万事俱备。 (2)some-构成的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中;any-构成的复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。当some-类复合不定代词用于表示请求的疑问句中时,往往希望对方给予肯定的答复。当any-类复合不定代词用于肯定句时,表示"任何"之意。 He found something strange but interesting. 他发现了奇怪但有趣的事情。 Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗? Can someone come over and help me?能不能过来一个人帮我一下? We hope to prevent anything unpleasant from happening.我们希望防止任何不愉快的事发生。 (3)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗? Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.世上无难事,只怕有心人。 (4)复合不定代词的定语常后置,即放在复合不定代词的后面。 Can you tell me something interesting? 你能告诉我一些有趣的事情吗? Unit 1 Happy holiday Section B练习 一、词形变换 1.travel—— (n.游客) ____________ 2.tour——(n.游客) ____________ 3.peace——(adj.平静的；和平的) ____________ 4.easy—— (adv.容易地) ____________ 5.Russia—— (adj.俄罗斯的) ____________ 6.forget—— (adj.健忘的) ____________ 7.worry——(adj.担忧的) ____________ 8.noise—— (adj.吵闹的) ____________ 9.probably——(adj.可能的) ____________ 10. deer——(pl.) ____________ 二．重点短语 ____________________从学习 ____________________做某事感到兴奋 ____________________与……作战；与……作斗争 ____________________数以千计的；成千上万的 ____________________落下；摔倒 ____________________在正午 ____________________想要做某事 ____________________感觉好像 ____________________在晚饭期间 ____________________感觉生病 ____________________坐地铁 ____________________一群；一组 ____________________拿出 ____________________聚会；相聚 ____________________如此好的经历 ____________________在阳光下 ____________________在……花费…… ____________________花费时间做某事 ____________________超预算 ____________________变得健忘 ____________________平静 ____________________提醒某人做某事 ____________________用不同的方式 ____________________使他们微笑 ____________________休息身心 ____________________似乎…… ____________________例如；比如 ____________________转身；翻转 ____________________寻找 ____________________发出声音 三．重点句子 1. 天气很好，每个人都感觉很兴奋，因为他们参观了俄罗斯一些有名的地方。 The _________ was fine and everyone _________ _________ _________ _________ some _________ places in Russia. 2. 俄罗斯人建造了这座博物馆来纪念他们二战期间与纳粹的斗争。 The Russian people _________ _________ _________ to remember their _________ _________ the Nazis during World War II. 3. 在一间大厅里，我看见了一件艺术品，上面有上千滴玻璃“眼泪”落下。它提醒我们战争很糟糕，和平来之不易。 In one hall, I saw _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ glass “tears” falling down. _________ _________ _________ _________ war is terrible and peace does not _________ _________. 4. 在晚饭期间，我不想吃东西因为我感觉生病了。 _________ dinner, I didn’t _________ _________ _________ because I _________ _________. 5. 有时候我感觉自己好像在宫殿中行走。 Sometimes I _________ _________ I was walking _________ a palace. 6. 我们是如此的开心，以至于没有注意到时间。这是如此好的一次经历。 We were _________ happy _________ we didn’t _________ the time. It was _________ _________ _________ _________. 7. 在阳光下呆太久后，我感觉生病了。 I felt sick _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ for too long. 8. 不要在假期购物上花费太多时间，否则你可能很容易超过预算。 Don’t _________ _________ _________ time _________ holiday shopping, _________ you might _________ _________ _________ _________. 9. 夜幕降临的时候，小镇终于归于平静。 _________ the night _________, the small town was _________ _________ _________. 10. 我拥有多么棒的一次经历啊！_________ _________ _________ _________ I had! 11. 我们呆在风景优美的乡下的一个舒服的房子里。 We stayed in a comfortable house _________ _________ _________ _________ beautiful _________. 综合训练 一．完成句子 1. We need to make a _________ (预算)before going on a trip. Don’t forget to take your _________ (护照). 2. The old photo _________ (remind) me of my childhood. 3. He can solve the maths problem _________ (easy) . And he often helps us solve the problem. How useful he is! 二、词形转换 1. fight (v.) →(n. 战士；奋斗者) _________ 2. forget (v.) →(过去式 ) _________ 3. peace (n.) →(adj.) _________ 4. regular (adj.) → (adv.) _________ 5. surprise (v.) →(adj. 惊奇的，修饰人) _________ →(adj. 令人惊奇的，修饰物 ) ___________ 6. I completely _________ (forget) my umbrella this morning, so I got wet in the rain! 7. We hope to live in a _________ world and live _________ with each other. (peace) 8. My little sister planned a _________ for my birthday. When I saw the homemade cake, I was so _________ ! The most _________ part was finding my favorite movie tickets hidden inside! (surprise) 三．短语运用 7. ____________ (数以千计的)volunteers 8. _________ (get) together under the blazing sun to fight 9. _________ plastic waste, sorting recyclables and cleaning beaches. Their efforts turned a polluted shore into a sparkling coastline by dusk. 四、默写句子 1.昨晚下雨了，所以今天早上空气清新又凉爽。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.有时候我觉得自己仿佛在一座宫殿里漫步。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.下午，我们到达了一所学校，并且见到了一群俄罗斯学生。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 4.我们太开心了，以至于都没有留意到时间。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5.我能够了解一个国家或一座城市的历史。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 6.这些日子我变得有点健忘。_ ________________________________________________________________________________ 7.人们以不同的方式度过他们的假期。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 8.我转过身，惊讶地看到了一只鹿。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.这只鹿很可能正在寻找食物，并且希望从你这儿得到一些。 _______________________________________________get some from you. 10.我经历了一段多么美妙的时光啊！ ________________________________________________________________________________ 五、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. When people get old, their short-term memory becomes weaker and most of them are ________ (forget). 2. I wondered how she could finish the task quickly and ________ (easy). 3. In the movie Ne Zha 2, Ne Zha ________ (fight) for friendship, fairness (公平) and love. At last he got a success. 4. Everyone in our class was quite ________ when we heard the ________ news. (surprise) 5. These ________ are very friendly and spend all day ________ the visitors to the Summer Palace. (guide) 6. When people get old, their short-term memory becomes weaker and most of them are ________ (forget). 7. I wondered how she could finish the task quickly and ________ (easy). 8. In the movie Ne Zha 2, Ne Zha ________ (fight) for friendship, fairness (公平) and love. At last he got a success. 9. Everyone in our class was quite ________ when we heard the ________ news. (surprise) 10. These ________ are very friendly and spend all day ________ the visitors to the Summer Palace. (guide) 11.The ______ (ancient) building is very famous. 12.They went ______ (camp) in the mountains last month. 13.She is ______ (bore) with the movie. 14.Don't forget ______ (lock) the door before you go to bed. 15.The scenery here is so beautiful that it takes my ______ (breathe) away. 16.We should work hard to keep ______ (peace). 17.There are many ______ (strange) things in the old house. 18.My family usually takes a ______ (vacation) in summer. 19.The ______ (fantastic) view from the top of the hill made us excited. 20.We should be ______ (ready) to face challenges. 21.He wondered how she could finish the task quickly and (easy). 22. Some (Russia) students are coming to our school to study Chinese. 23. If you (probable) know, I'm going to change my job soon. 24. We were quite when we heard the news.(surprise) 六、单项选择 1.—Look! My brother is sleeping under ______ umbrella on the beach. —Wow, that’s ______ big beach umbrella. A. a; a B. an; the C. an; a D. a; the 2. Please ________ here on time. Our teacher tells us ________ late for school. A. arrive in; don’t B. arrive; not to be C. arrive at; not be D. arrive; not 3.—What is in the box?—________. It is empty. A. None B. Nothing C. No one D. Nobody 4.There are ________ people, so it’s very crowded. A. few B. a lot C. quite a little D. quite a few 5. — I had a pleasant trip last week.— _________ A. Good idea. B. Congratulations! C. Thank you. D. I’m glad to hear that. 6._______ good weather it is! Let’s go to the park to relax, OK? A. How B. What a C. What 7.My mother decided_________us to the zoo and we all jumped with joy. A. taking B. to take C. take D. took 8.—I don’t have _______ to buy this car. It’s so expensive. —But it’s really nice. I’ll buy one when I am _______. A. enough money; enough rich B. enough money; rich enough C. money enough; poor enough D. money enough; enough poor 9. Mary, don't read the sun. It's bad for your eyes. A. with B. from C. in D. on 10. Your answer be right, but I'm going to check to make sure. A. can't B. might C. must D. need 11. The boy is . Who’ d like to look after the girl? A. sick; ill B. ill; ill C. ill; sick D. well; sick 12. — Sorry, Emma. I have my homework at home. — Never mind. But don't forget it to school tomorrow. A. left; bringing B. forget; to bring C. left; to bring D. forget; bringing 13. — Lucy, do you know about the movie Ne Zha 2? — Sure. It tells how Ne Zha fights various dark forces. A. something; for B. anything; for C. something; against D. anything; against 六、按要求完成下列句子 1. I’ve got some important things to tell you. (改为同义句) I’ve got __________ ___________ to tell you. 2. Betty speaks French best in our school. (改为同义句) ______ else speaks French as ______ as Betty in our school. 3. The man knows somewhere interesting around here. (改为一般疑问句) ______ the man ______ _________ interesting around here? 4. She stood at the window for a long time, but she didn’t see anything unusual outside. (改为同义句) She stood at the window for a long time, but she ______ ______ unusual outside. 5. We are looking for someone to deal with the new computer virus. (改为否定句) We ______ looking for ______ to deal with the new computer virus. 6. 我到处找我的护照，但我没找到它。 I _______ _______ my _______ everywhere, but I couldn’t _______ it. 7. 他转过身来，看到我正在地铁站的广场上等他。 He _______ _______ and saw me _______ _______ him on the _______ of the metro _______ . 8. 我们决定暑假聚在一起，去一个遥远的乡村旅游。 We decided to _______ _______ during the summer vacation and travel to a _______ __________ . 9. 在迁徙季节，我们可能会看到成千上万只鹿过河。 _______ the migration season, we _______ see _______ _______ _______ crossing the river. 10. 这张照片让我想起了与我的俄罗斯朋友们在一起的美好时光。 (remind sb. of...) ___________________________________________________________________ 六、完形填空 Last summer, I went to Yunnan on vacation with my family. We 1 four days there. Our first stop was Lugu Lake. I 2 why there was so beautiful a lake in the world. I enjoyed staying there. We went boating and took quite a few photos. Then we went up to a 3 . On the top of the hill, we got to see something beautiful. I 4 I was in a painting. I thought I would 5 forget the beautiful scenery there. The next morning we went to Lijiang by bus. It was a long trip from Lugu Lake to Lijiang. We 6 there in the afternoon. After a short break, we went to walk around the town and bought some gifts. Then we decided to try the famous Guoqiao Rice Noodles for dinner. They were very 7 and delicious. After dinner, we took a walk and enjoyed the old streets and buildings 8 the moon. The summer evening was cool. Our 9 stop was the “spring city” Kunming. We visited Dianchi, watched the birds and went to the flower market. We had a really wonderful day. The four-day trip came to a(n) 10 soon. We had to go home. Everything in Yunnan was great. It is a very beautiful and interesting place. Why not visit it? I’m sure you’ll never regret (后悔) going on a trip there. (   ) 1. A. found B. paid C. took D. spent (   ) 2. A. disliked B. answered C. wondered D. decided (   ) 3. A. photo B. hill C. lake D. painting (   ) 4. A. looked after B. waited for C. laughed at D. felt like (   ) 5. A. always B. sometimes C. often D. never (   ) 6. A. left B. went C. arrived D. moved (   ) 7. A. lucky B. natural C. same D. special (   ) 8. A. with B. under C. for D. on (   ) 9. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth (   ) 10. A. place B. end C. thing D. time 7、 阅读理解 （一） A beach trip can be fun and relaxing. To have an enjoyable beach trip, you need to make plans for it. Here is some useful information. Decide which beach to visit. Have a discussion with your family. Before you look for information online, sit down and talk with your family to learn about their ideas. Write down their ideas so that you won’t forget them. For example, maybe your daughter wants to look for seashells（海贝壳） and your son wants to try some water sports. ▲ One of the most important things to bring on a family beach trip is a cooler（冰桶） full of ice and things to eat and drink! Because you will spend a few hours on the beach, your family will need some food and drinks. It’s better to bring lunch for everyone. Some good beach food and drinks are fresh fruit, sandwiches, juice and so on. Plan activities for your trip. The best part of a beach trip is that your family can play together! Make sure that you bring things that your family want to use when they are on the beach, such as sand toys（玩具）, Frisbee and cards. If you want to stay by yourself, you can also bring some books to enjoy yourself. With good preparations, you are sure to have a good time on the beach! 1. What does the writer advise（建议）us to do first to choose the right beach? A.To talk with our family. B.To ask our friends for help. C.To look for information online. D.To take part in some important meetings. 2. Which of the following can be put into the blank ▲ ? A.Care about your family on the beach. B.Decide how long you will stay there. C.Prepare（准备）food and drinks for your trip. D.Decide who you will go to the beach with. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A.How to make plans for an enjoyable beach trip. B.Why people like going to the beach. C.What people can do on the beach. D.When is the best time to visit a beach. （二） An enjoyable trip is fun in your life. You should make a careful plan for it to make better use of the time. Ask yourself why you want to travel. If you know why you want to leave home, choosing a place will be easier. You may want to relax, visit places of interest or learn about different cultures. Talk about possible places with others. In the following days, weeks or a longer time, spend some time talking about the place you like best and why it can be a good choice. Think about everyone who will travel with you. If you are going to travel with your parents, grandparents or your friends, you need to think about the place where everyone wants to go. Plan the cost. Knowing about the cost of traveling to each place may help you better choose a place. Planning your cost is the most important part in your travel plan.   ▲  Everyone who will travel together must have the same destination (目的地). If someone has different ideas, find a way to deal with it. (   ) 1. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to your favorite . A. food B. activity C. culture D. place (   ) 2. According to the writer, what is the most important part in a travel plan? A. Planning the cost. B. Thinking about others. C. Searching for information. D. Enjoying free time. (   ) 3. Which of the following is best for   ▲  ? A. Take an order. B. Find a ticket. C. Buy a phone. D. Decide where you go. (   ) 4. What is the structure (结构) of the passage? ①Today there are two popular ways of taking a trip: a “special forces” trip and a “citywalk” trip. ②“See all the flowers of Chang’an in one day” can describe the happy feelings of getting success (成功). Now I want to use it to describe a way of taking a trip—a “special forces” trip. People try to visit more places and eat all kinds of delicious foods in a short time, just like soldiers (士兵) can do many things in a short time. ③Many young people like “special forces trips”. A report from Trip. com shows that 62% of the young people like to use night buses as a transportation to get there. More than 30% of them visit over four places a day. They also visit 4 cities in South China in just five days. It needs a strong body and also a good plan before the trip. ④“We think a lot about the places and routes (路线), and read others’ travel notes before we start. We can enjoy ourselves better after we arrive at the place. Our body could be tired but the happiness of seeing fresh things pay off our tired feelings,” a young visitor said. ⑤But not all the young people like special forces trips. They would like to take a “citywalk” trip. They don’t need to think about where they are going or which restaurant is good. They just enjoy all the things along the way like the houses, people’s lives and the history of the place. They want to know more about the city and put themselves as a part of the city. ⑥“In Shanghai, there are big trees along the streets and shops selling different kinds of lovely things. Walking along the streets with friends and taking photos is the best time for my friends and me. We could feel the art of the streets and also the culture (文化) of China and western countries,” said one city walker. ⑦As our lives are getting busy, some of us have no time to walk around the city slowly but others think it’s best to slow down lives and relax. In my opinion, I think life is not eating all the candies in one go. What about you? 1．The writer uses “see all the flowers of Chang’an in one day” to describe ________. A．beautiful flowers in Chang’an B．a “citywalk” trip C．happy feelings of getting success D．a “special forces” trip 2．According to the passage, what will you do if you are a city walker? A．I will sleep on the night bus to save the cost of taking a trip. B．I will walk slowly and take photos of the houses along the way. C．I will try to visit more, taste more and enjoy more in a short time. D．I will spend a lot of time learning about the place before you start. 3．What can we infer from the underlined sentence “life is not eating all the candies in one go”? A．We can’t eat candies quickly because they’re bad for our teeth. B．We must eat candies very quickly in one go to have better tastes. C．It’s best to take a “citywalk” trip to feel and enjoy the life slowly. D．It’s best to take a “special forces” trip because we have no time. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $