Unit 1 Section B 3a-Project（知识清单）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section B (3a-Project)，系统梳理必背词汇与核心语法考点。必背词汇涵盖乡村、惊奇的、鹿、很可能等基础词汇，核心语法考点包括For example与such as的用法辨析、While省略结构、turn around及surprised的用法，以及look for与find的语义区别，形成从词汇积累到语法应用的学习支架。 知识链路以“词汇-语法-应用”为逻辑主线，每个考点通过例句解析、近义辨析和即时练习强化理解，助力学生提升语言能力。辨析环节培养思维品质，即时练习巩固学习策略，体现学科特色的“理解-对比-应用”学习方法，便于教师教学和学生掌握。

Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section B ( 3a-Project) 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 ( 1 / 11 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 乡村（名词）：countryside 2. 惊奇的；惊讶的（形容词）：surprised 3. 鹿（名词）：deer 4. 很可能（副词）：probably 1. 乡村（名词）： 2. 惊奇的；惊讶的（形容词）： 3. 鹿（名词）： 4. 很可能（副词）： 二、必会考点 ( 2 / 11 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. For example, beside the house, there was a huge forest. 例如，房子旁边有一片巨大的森林。 【知识点】For example 意思为“例如” 句首:For example, plants need sunlight to grow. 例如，植物需要阳光才能生长。 句中: Some countries, for example Japan, have very high life expectancy.有些国家，例如日本，人均寿命非常高。 句尾: She enjoys outdoor activities, hiking and camping for example. 她喜欢户外活动，例如徒步和露营。 【辨析】For example和such as 1. for example位置灵活，句首、句中、句末均可后面加逗号后接名词 / 句子。 例句：For example, I like English. Some fruits, for example, apples, are good for us. 2. such as只能放在被列举名词之后，不加逗号，后面接名词、名词短语，不可接完整句子。 例句：I like fruits such as apples and bananas. 【即时练习】 1. Many kinds of fruits are good for our health, ______ apples and strawberries. A. for example B. such as C. like for example 2. There are many ways to keep healthy. ______, we can take exercise every day. A. For example B. Such as C. Because 【答案】1.B 2.A 2. While there, something made a noise. 在那里的时候，有什么东西发出了声响。 【知识点】这句话是一个省略结构的复合句，完整形式可还原为: While (they/we/he/she/...) were there, something made a noise.从属连词+省略结构 While there = While(主语+ be 动词)there这种省略结构在英语中很常见，条件是主句和从句的主语一致 例如: While I was walking, I saw a bird. → While walking, I saw a bird. 从句谓语包含be 动词 例如: While he was at school, he studied hard. → While at school, he studied hard. 3. I turned around and was surprised to see a deer,讶地看到了一只鹿。 【知识点】(1) tun around转身;翻转 例句： She heard a noise and turned around.她听到一声响动，便转过身来。 Please make the picture turn around to let everyone see it clearly.请把图片翻转过来，让每个人都能看清楚。 (2) surprised 形容词,惊奇的;惊讶的 【常见搭配】be surprised at sth“对某事感到惊讶”; be surprised to do sth“对做某事感到惊讶”。 例句： I was surprised at his words.我对他的话感到惊讶。 He was surprised to find his lost wallet.他惊讶地发现了他丢失的钱包。 【辨析】 surprised,surprising与 surprise surprised形容词，意为“惊奇的:惊讶的”，常作表语，其主语常为人 surprising形容词，意为“令人惊讶的”，作表语或定语，常用来修饰事物 surprise作名词，意为“惊奇:惊讶”作动词，意为“使吃惊’ 【拓展】以-ed 结尾的形容词通常修饰人，以-ing 结尾的形容词通常说明事物。常见的这类形容词还有: interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 excited兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 relaxed放松的 relaxing令人放松的 【即时练习】 1. Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now. —Yes. We are all ________ at his changes. A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 2.To my ________, the little boy can speak three languages. A. Surprise B. surprised C. surprising 3.He told us a (n) ________ story and we felt ________. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised C. surprising; surprising 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. My mum smiled and said, "The deer is probably looking for food and hoping to get some from you."我妈妈笑着说:“那只鹿很可能在寻找食物，希望能从你这里得到一些。” 【知识点】look for 寻找 例句：We are looking for a nice place to have a picnic this weekend.我们在寻找一个本周末野餐的好地方。 【辨析】 look for与find look for意为“寻找”，强调“找”的动作 find意为“找到”，强调“找”的结果 例句：I'm looking for my watch, but I can't find it我在找我的手表，但是没找到。 【即时练习】 1. He ________ his watch everywhere yesterday, but he didn’t ________ it. A. looked for; find B. found; look for C. looked after; find 2. My mother is ________ her glasses. She can’t see clearly without them. A. looking for B. finding C. looking forward to 【答案】1. A 2. A $Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section B ( 3a-Project) 核心知识梳理 一、必背词汇 ( 1 / 11 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 乡村（名词）：countryside 2. 惊奇的；惊讶的（形容词）：surprised 3. 鹿（名词）：deer 4. 很可能（副词）：probably 1. 乡村（名词）： 2. 惊奇的；惊讶的（形容词）： 3. 鹿（名词）： 4. 很可能（副词）： 二、必会考点 ( 2 / 11 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. For example, beside the house, there was a huge forest. 例如，房子旁边有一片巨大的森林。 【知识点】For example 意思为“例如” 句首:For example, plants need sunlight to grow. 例如，植物需要阳光才能生长。 句中: Some countries, for example Japan, have very high life expectancy.有些国家，例如日本，人均寿命非常高。 句尾: She enjoys outdoor activities, hiking and camping for example. 她喜欢户外活动，例如徒步和露营。 【辨析】For example和such as 1. for example位置灵活，句首、句中、句末均可后面加逗号后接名词 / 句子。 例句：For example, I like English. Some fruits, for example, apples, are good for us. 2. such as只能放在被列举名词之后，不加逗号，后面接名词、名词短语，不可接完整句子。 例句：I like fruits such as apples and bananas. 【即时练习】 1. Many kinds of fruits are good for our health, ______ apples and strawberries. A. for example B. such as C. like for example 2. There are many ways to keep healthy. ______, we can take exercise every day. A. For example B. Such as C. Because 2. While there, something made a noise. 在那里的时候，有什么东西发出了声响。 【知识点】这句话是一个省略结构的复合句，完整形式可还原为: While (they/we/he/she/...) were there, something made a noise.从属连词+省略结构 While there = While(主语+ be 动词)there这种省略结构在英语中很常见，条件是主句和从句的主语一致 例如: While I was walking, I saw a bird. → While walking, I saw a bird. 从句谓语包含be 动词 例如: While he was at school, he studied hard. → While at school, he studied hard. 3. I turned around and was surprised to see a deer,讶地看到了一只鹿。 【知识点】(1) tun around转身;翻转 例句： She heard a noise and turned around.她听到一声响动，便转过身来。 Please make the picture turn around to let everyone see it clearly.请把图片翻转过来，让每个人都能看清楚。 (2) surprised 形容词,惊奇的;惊讶的 【常见搭配】be surprised at sth“对某事感到惊讶”; be surprised to do sth“对做某事感到惊讶”。 例句： I was surprised at his words.我对他的话感到惊讶。 He was surprised to find his lost wallet.他惊讶地发现了他丢失的钱包。 【辨析】 surprised,surprising与 surprise surprised形容词，意为“惊奇的:惊讶的”，常作表语，其主语常为人 surprising形容词，意为“令人惊讶的”，作表语或定语，常用来修饰事物 surprise作名词，意为“惊奇:惊讶”作动词，意为“使吃惊’ 【拓展】以-ed 结尾的形容词通常修饰人，以-ing 结尾的形容词通常说明事物。常见的这类形容词还有: interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 excited兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 relaxed放松的 relaxing令人放松的 【即时练习】 1. Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now. —Yes. We are all ________ at his changes. A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 2.To my ________, the little boy can speak three languages. A. Surprise B. surprised C. surprising 3.He told us a (n) ________ story and we felt ________. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised C. surprising; surprising 4. My mum smiled and said, "The deer is probably looking for food and hoping to get some from you."我妈妈笑着说:“那只鹿很可能在寻找食物，希望能从你这里得到一些。” 【知识点】look for 寻找 例句：We are looking for a nice place to have a picnic this weekend.我们在寻找一个本周末野餐的好地方。 【辨析】 look for与find look for意为“寻找”，强调“找”的动作 find意为“找到”，强调“找”的结果 例句：I'm looking for my watch, but I can't find it我在找我的手表，但是没找到。 【即时练习】 1. He ________ his watch everywhere yesterday, but he didn’t ________ it. A. looked for; find B. found; look for C. looked after; find 2. My mother is ________ her glasses. She can’t see clearly without them. A. looking for B. finding C. looking forward to $