内容正文:
专题03 动词时态(期中复习讲义)
考情分析
【考向透视】
语法填空(必考题,占 2-3 分):需根据上下文语境或时间状语,填写动词的正确时态形式(如 2024 年新课标 I 卷语法填空考查 “现在完成时”,2023 年全国甲卷考查 “过去进行时”)。阅读理解与完形填空(间接考查,影响理解与解题):文章中时态的变化往往暗示 “动作发生的时间顺序”,如用一般过去时叙述故事背景,用现在完成时强调 “过去动作对现在的影响”,准确识别时态可帮助理解文章逻辑(如完形填空中,通过时态判断动作先后,选择正确的连接词或动词。书面表达(隐性考查,影响得分档次):要求根据写作主题(如记叙文、议论文、应用文)正确运用时态。
【复习目标】
1.快速定位时间状语、上下文语境、逻辑关系等时态线索,准确率≥90%。
2.针对单句语法填空题型,能根据识别出的线索,正确运用各时态的基本结构。
3.能自主总结并规避时态学习中的高频误区。
高中阶段需掌握的时态共 16 种,而高考核心考查的时态集中在一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、
现在进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。动词时态
知识点01 一般现在时
(一)构成
1.第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you/you)、复数主语(they/students/books 等):主语 + 动词原形。
例:I work in a school.(我在一所学校工作);We play tennis every weekend.(我们每周打网球)
2.第三人称单数(he/she/it/Tom/my mother/the cat 等):主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式。
动词三单变化规则:
①一般加 s(walk→walks);
②s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 es(pass→passes,go→goes);
③辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 es(study→studies);
④特殊变化(have→has)。
(二)核心用法
1.表经常性、习惯性动作,搭配时间状语:every day/week、usually、often、always 等。
例:She often goes to the library on weekends.(她周末经常去图书馆)
2.表客观真理、自然规律,不受时间限制。
例:The sun rises in the east.(太阳东升西落)
3.表现阶段稳定状态,动作或状态从过去持续到现在且无变化趋势。
例:My mother teaches English in a middle school.(我妈妈在一所中学教英语)
【即时检测】
1.Tom usually ______ (get) up at 6:30 every morning.
2.The earth ______ (go) around the sun.
3.We ______ (have) math classes on Mondays.
4.My sister ______ (like) reading storybooks in her free time.
5.They often ______ (play) football in the park after dinner.
6.Mr. Li ______ (teach) us history this term.
知识点02 一般过去时
(一)构成
主语 + 动词过去式,无人称和数的变化(无论主语是第几人称、单复数,均用动词过去式)。
动词过去式变化规则:
①规则变化:一般加 ed(walk→walked);
②不发音 e 结尾加 d(like→liked);
③辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 ed(study→studied);
④重读闭音节结尾双写末尾辅音加 ed(stop→stopped);
⑤不规则变化(go→went,eat→ate,see→saw 等,需单独记忆)。
(二)核心用法
表过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态,动作已结束,与现在无直接联系,搭配过去时间状语:yesterday、last week/month/year、in 2020、just now、two days ago 等。
例:She visited her grandparents last Sunday.(上周日她去看望了祖父母)
I saw a film with my friend yesterday evening.(昨晚我和朋友看了一场电影)
【即时检测】
1.He ______ (finish) his homework at 8 o’clock last night.
2.They ______ (go) to the zoo with their parents yesterday.
3.My brother ______ (buy) a new bike last month.
4.We ______ (have) a picnic in the mountains last weekend.
5.She ______ (sing) a song at the party yesterday.
6.The rain ______ (stop) an hour ago.
知识点03 一般将来时
(一)构成
1.结构一:主语 + will + 动词原形(will 无人称和数的变化)。
否定式:主语 + won’t + 动词原形;疑问式:Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
例:I will go to Beijing tomorrow.(我明天要去北京)
He won’t come to the party.(他不会来参加派对)
2.结构二:主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形(be 动词随主语变化)。
否定式:主语 + be not + going to + 动词原形;疑问式:Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
例:I am going to study hard this term.(这学期我打算努力学习)
She isn’t going to play basketball.(她不打算打篮球)
(二)核心用法
1.共同用法:表将来发生的动作或状态,搭配将来时间状语:tomorrow、next week/month、in the future、soon 等。
2.结构区别:
①will 表临时决定(如 “I will open the door”)、客观将来(如 “Tomorrow will be Sunday”)、意愿 / 承诺(如 “I will help you”)
②be going to 表计划 / 打算(如 “She is going to visit her friend”)、根据迹象判断即将发生(如 “It is going to rain”)。
【即时检测】
1.We ______ (have) a class meeting tomorrow afternoon.
2.——I am thirsty.——I ______ (get) you a glass of water.
3.She ______ (visit) her best friend next month. She has already bought the train ticket.
4.The meeting ______ (start) at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.
5.They ______ (not go) to the park this weekend because they have to study.
6.Look! The little boy ______ (fall) off the bike.
知识点04 现在进行时
(一)构成
主语 + be (am/is/are) + 动词现在分词
动词现在分词变化规则:
①一般加 ing(walk→walking);
②不发音 e 结尾去 e 加 ing(take→taking);
③重读闭音节结尾双写末尾辅音加 ing(run→running);
④ie 结尾变 ie 为 y 加 ing(lie→lying)。
(二)核心用法
1.表此时此刻正在进行的动作,搭配时间状语:now、at the moment、look、listen 等。
例:Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.(听!有人在隔壁唱歌)
2.表现阶段正在进行的动作,搭配时间状语:this week、these days 等。
例:She is learning French this term.(这学期她正在学法语)
【即时检测】
1.Look! The children ______ (play) happily in the park.
2.My mother ______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now.
3.He ______ (not watch) TV. He is doing his homework.
4.We ______ (prepare) for the English exam these days.
5.——What ______ you ______ (do) now?——I am reading a novel.
6.The students ______ (have) a P.E. class on the playground at the moment.
知识点05 现在完成时
(一)构成
主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词(主语为第三人称单数用 has,其余用 have)。
动词过去分词变化:
①规则变化与过去式相同(walk→walked);
②不规则变化(see→seen,do→done)
(二)核心用法
1.表过去发生的动作持续到现在,搭配标志词:since + 时间点,for + 时间段。
例:I have lived in this city for 5 years.(我在这座城市住了 5 年了)
2.表过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,搭配标志词:already、yet、ever、never、just 等。
例:He has finished his homework already.(他已经完成作业了)
【即时检测】
1.She ______ (learn) English for 8 years. She speaks it very well.
2.They ______ (not see) each other since last year.
3.______ you ______ (visit) the Great Wall before?
4.He ______ (just finish) his work. Now he can go home.
5.We ______ (live) in this new house since 2022.
6.My father ______ (never be) to Beijing. He wants to go there next year.
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.By the end of last week, they _ the team project.
A. will completed B. will have completed C. have completed D. had completed
2.Her first novel _ into 51 languages by the end of 2010.
A. is translated B. has been translated C. had been translated D. was translated
3.But perhaps the most significant success that people _ to date is in medicine.
A. achieved B. achieving C. had achieved D. have achieved
4.Our house _ with colorful balls and bells at the end of next week to welcome the coming new year.
A. decorates B. will decorate C. is decorated D. will be decorated
5.—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
A. lived B. live C. had lived D. am living
6.---Has John finished his homework? I've no idea.
---He _ it last night.
A. did B. was doing C. had done D. had been doing
7.I _ that my brother was rather quiet during dinner.
A. will notice B. am noticing C. notice D. noticed
8.—Mum, where is Dad?
—He _ flowers in the garden now.
A. planted B. plants C. will plant D. is planting
9.The professor went into his office two hours ago and _ his essay ever since.
A. was working on B. had worked on C. worked on D. has been working on
10.Before every concert, the singer worries about how well she _.
A. was performing B. performed C. will perform D. has performed
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单句语法填空
1.You can’t help wondering how hard it ________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
2.Lincoln’s home … ________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
3.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.
4.The artist was sure he would ________ (choose).
5.By about 6000 BC, people ________ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
6.In recent years some Inuit people … ________ (report) increases in bear sightings.
7.The huge animal ________ (mean) me no real harm.
8.Whatever it is,________ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress.
9.Henry ________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.
10.Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new.
链接高考(测试时间:15分钟)
1(2024 年新高考I 卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
2.(2023 年新高考 II 卷)As a little girl, I ______ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
3.(2024年浙江卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets ______ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions.
4.(2022年新高考II卷)Henry ______ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
5.(2022 年浙江卷)The custom ______ (view) as a way to show respect for ancestors and pass down family traditions.
6.(2024 年广东模拟题)The sports meeting ______ (hold) next week if the weather is fine.
7.(2022 年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years, Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents.
8.(2024年新高考 II 卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns.
3 / 3
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
专题03 动词时态(期中复习讲义)
考情分析
【考向透视】
语法填空(必考题,占 2-3 分):需根据上下文语境或时间状语,填写动词的正确时态形式(如 2024 年新课标 I 卷语法填空考查 “现在完成时”,2023 年全国甲卷考查 “过去进行时”)。阅读理解与完形填空(间接考查,影响理解与解题):文章中时态的变化往往暗示 “动作发生的时间顺序”,如用一般过去时叙述故事背景,用现在完成时强调 “过去动作对现在的影响”,准确识别时态可帮助理解文章逻辑(如完形填空中,通过时态判断动作先后,选择正确的连接词或动词。书面表达(隐性考查,影响得分档次):要求根据写作主题(如记叙文、议论文、应用文)正确运用时态。
【复习目标】
1.快速定位时间状语、上下文语境、逻辑关系等时态线索,准确率≥90%。
2.针对单句语法填空题型,能根据识别出的线索,正确运用各时态的基本结构。
3.能自主总结并规避时态学习中的高频误区。
高中阶段需掌握的时态共 16 种,而高考核心考查的时态集中在一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、
现在进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。动词时态
知识点01 一般现在时
(一)构成
1.第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you/you)、复数主语(they/students/books 等):主语 + 动词原形。
例:I work in a school.(我在一所学校工作);We play tennis every weekend.(我们每周打网球)
2.第三人称单数(he/she/it/Tom/my mother/the cat 等):主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式。
动词三单变化规则:
①一般加 s(walk→walks);
②s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 es(pass→passes,go→goes);
③辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 es(study→studies);
④特殊变化(have→has)。
(二)核心用法
1.表经常性、习惯性动作,搭配时间状语:every day/week、usually、often、always 等。
例:She often goes to the library on weekends.(她周末经常去图书馆)
2.表客观真理、自然规律,不受时间限制。
例:The sun rises in the east.(太阳东升西落)
3.表现阶段稳定状态,动作或状态从过去持续到现在且无变化趋势。
例:My mother teaches English in a middle school.(我妈妈在一所中学教英语)
【即时检测】
1.Tom usually ______ (get) up at 6:30 every morning.
【答案】gets
【解析】主语 Tom 是第三人称单数,根据一般现在时第三人称单数变化规则,get 的三单形式为 gets,
“usually” 和 “every morning” 也提示用一般现在时。
2.The earth ______ (go) around the sun.
【答案】goes
【解析】此句表述客观真理,需用一般现在时,主语 the earth 是第三人称单数,go 的三单形式为 goes。
3.We ______ (have) math classes on Mondays.
【答案】have
【解析】主语 we 是第一人称复数,一般现在时中用动词原形,“on Mondays” 提示表经常性动作,故填 have。
4.My sister ______ (like) reading storybooks in her free time.
【答案】likes
【解析】主语 my sister 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中 like 需变三单为 likes,“in her free time” 提示表
习惯性爱好。
5.They often ______ (play) football in the park after dinner.
【答案】play
【解析】主语 they 是复数,一般现在时中用动词原形,“often” 提示表经常性动作,故填 play。
6.Mr. Li ______ (teach) us history this term.
【答案】teaches
【解析】主语 Mr. Li 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中 teach 需变三单为 teaches,“this term” 提示表现阶
段稳定状态。
知识点02 一般过去时
(一)构成
主语 + 动词过去式,无人称和数的变化(无论主语是第几人称、单复数,均用动词过去式)。
动词过去式变化规则:
①规则变化:一般加 ed(walk→walked);
②不发音 e 结尾加 d(like→liked);
③辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 ed(study→studied);
④重读闭音节结尾双写末尾辅音加 ed(stop→stopped);
⑤不规则变化(go→went,eat→ate,see→saw 等,需单独记忆)。
(二)核心用法
表过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态,动作已结束,与现在无直接联系,搭配过去时间状语:yesterday、last week/month/year、in 2020、just now、two days ago 等。
例:She visited her grandparents last Sunday.(上周日她去看望了祖父母)
I saw a film with my friend yesterday evening.(昨晚我和朋友看了一场电影)
【即时检测】
1.He ______ (finish) his homework at 8 o’clock last night.
【答案】finished
【解析】“last night” 是过去时间状语,提示用一般过去时,finish 的过去式为规则变化,直接加 ed,故填 finished。
2.They ______ (go) to the zoo with their parents yesterday.
【答案】went
【解析】“yesterday” 是过去时间状语,提示用一般过去时,go 的过去式为不规则变化 went,故填 went。
3.My brother ______ (buy) a new bike last month.
【答案】bought
【解析】“last month” 是过去时间状语,提示用一般过去时,buy 的过去式为不规则变化 bought,故填 bought。
4.We ______ (have) a picnic in the mountains last weekend.
【答案】had
【解析】“last weekend” 是过去时间状语,提示用一般过去时,have 的过去式为不规则变化 had,故填 had。
5.She ______ (sing) a song at the party yesterday.
【答案】sang
【解析】“yesterday” 是过去时间状语,提示用一般过去时,sing 的过去式为不规则变化 sang,故填 sang。
6.The rain ______ (stop) an hour ago.
【答案】stopped
【解析】“an hour ago” 是过去时间状语,提示用一般过去时,stop 是重读闭音节结尾,过去式需双写 p 加 ed,故填 stopped。
知识点03 一般将来时
(一)构成
1.结构一:主语 + will + 动词原形(will 无人称和数的变化)。
否定式:主语 + won’t + 动词原形;疑问式:Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
例:I will go to Beijing tomorrow.(我明天要去北京)
He won’t come to the party.(他不会来参加派对)
2.结构二:主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形(be 动词随主语变化)。
否定式:主语 + be not + going to + 动词原形;疑问式:Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
例:I am going to study hard this term.(这学期我打算努力学习)
She isn’t going to play basketball.(她不打算打篮球)
(二)核心用法
1.共同用法:表将来发生的动作或状态,搭配将来时间状语:tomorrow、next week/month、in the future、soon 等。
2.结构区别:
①will 表临时决定(如 “I will open the door”)、客观将来(如 “Tomorrow will be Sunday”)、意愿 / 承诺(如 “I will help you”)
②be going to 表计划 / 打算(如 “She is going to visit her friend”)、根据迹象判断即将发生(如 “It is going to rain”)。
【即时检测】
1.We ______ (have) a class meeting tomorrow afternoon.
【答案】are going to have
【解析】“tomorrow afternoon” 是将来时间状语,且 “计划好的事情” 提示用 be going to 结构,主语 we 对应 are,故填 are going to have。
2.——I am thirsty.——I ______ (get) you a glass of water.
【答案】will get
【解析】“临时决定” 提示用 will 结构,will 后接动词原形,故填 will get。
3.She ______ (visit) her best friend next month. She has already bought the train ticket.
【答案】is going to visit
【解析】“next month” 是将来时间状语,“已买火车票” 说明是计划好的事情,用 be going to 结构,主语 she 对应 is,故填 is going to visit。
4.The meeting ______ (start) at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.
【答案】will start
【解析】“tomorrow morning” 是将来时间状语,“客观将来” 提示用 will 结构,will 后接动词原形,故填 will start。
5.They ______ (not go) to the park this weekend because they have to study.
【答案】aren’t going to go/won’t go
【解析】“this weekend” 是将来时间状语,若表计划否定用 aren’t going to go,若表临时决定否定用 won’t go,两者均正确。
6.Look! The little boy ______ (fall) off the bike.
【答案】is going to fall
【解析】“Look!” 提示根据迹象判断即将发生,用 be going to 结构,主语 the little boy 对应 is,故填 is going to fall。
知识点04 现在进行时
(一)构成
主语 + be (am/is/are) + 动词现在分词
动词现在分词变化规则:
①一般加 ing(walk→walking);
②不发音 e 结尾去 e 加 ing(take→taking);
③重读闭音节结尾双写末尾辅音加 ing(run→running);
④ie 结尾变 ie 为 y 加 ing(lie→lying)。
(二)核心用法
1.表此时此刻正在进行的动作,搭配时间状语:now、at the moment、look、listen 等。
例:Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.(听!有人在隔壁唱歌)
2.表现阶段正在进行的动作,搭配时间状语:this week、these days 等。
例:She is learning French this term.(这学期她正在学法语)
【即时检测】
1.Look! The children ______ (play) happily in the park.
【答案】are playing
【解析】“Look!” 提示此时此刻正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,主语 the children 是复数,对应 are,play 的现在分词为 playing,故填 are playing。
2.My mother ______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now.
【答案】is cooking
【解析】“now” 提示此时此刻正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,主语 my mother 是第三人称单数,对应 is,cook 的现在分词为 cooking,故填 is cooking。
3.He ______ (not watch) TV. He is doing his homework.
【答案】isn’t watching
【解析】后句 “is doing” 提示用现在进行时,前句表否定,主语 he 对应 is,否定式为 isn’t,watch 的现在分词为 watching,故填 isn’t watching。
4.We ______ (prepare) for the English exam these days.
【答案】are preparing
【解析】“these days” 提示现阶段正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,主语 we 对应 are,prepare 的现在分词为 preparing,故填 are preparing。
5.——What ______ you ______ (do) now?——I am reading a novel.
【答案】are; doing
【解析】“now” 提示用现在进行时,主语 you 对应 are,疑问句中 be 动词提前,do 的现在分词为 doing,故填 are; doing。
6.The students ______ (have) a P.E. class on the playground at the moment.
【答案】are having
【解析】“at the moment” 提示此时此刻正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,主语 the students 是复数,对应 are,have 的现在分词为 having,故填 are having。
知识点05 现在完成时
(一)构成
主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词(主语为第三人称单数用 has,其余用 have)。
动词过去分词变化:
①规则变化与过去式相同(walk→walked);
②不规则变化(see→seen,do→done)
(二)核心用法
1.表过去发生的动作持续到现在,搭配标志词:since + 时间点,for + 时间段。
例:I have lived in this city for 5 years.(我在这座城市住了 5 年了)
2.表过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,搭配标志词:already、yet、ever、never、just 等。
例:He has finished his homework already.(他已经完成作业了)
【即时检测】
1.She ______ (learn) English for 8 years. She speaks it very well.
【答案】has learned
【解析】“for 8 years” 提示动作持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语 she 是第三人称单数,对应 has,learn 的
过去分词为 learned,故填 has learned。
2.They ______ (not see) each other since last year.
【答案】haven’t seen
【解析】“since last year” 提示动作持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语 they 对应 have,否定式为 haven't,
see 的过去分词为 seen,故填 haven’t seen。
3.______ you ______ (visit) the Great Wall before?
【答案】Have; visited
【解析】“before” 提示过去动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时,主语 you 对应 have,疑问句中 have 提前,
visit 的过去分词为 visited,故填 Have; visited。
4.He ______ (just finish) his work. Now he can go home.
【答案】has just finished
【解析】“just” 提示过去动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时,主语 he 是第三人称单数,对应 has,finish 的
过去分词为 finished,故填 has just finished。
5.We ______ (live) in this new house since 2022.
【答案】have lived
【解析】“since 2022” 提示动作持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语 we 对应 have,live 的过去分词为 lived,
故填 have lived。
6.My father ______ (never be) to Beijing. He wants to go there next year.
【答案】has never been
【解析】“never” 提示过去动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时,主语 my father 是第三人称单数,对应 has,
be 的过去分词为 been,故填 has never been。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.By the end of last week, they _ the team project.
A. will completed B. will have completed C. have completed D. had completed
【答案】D
【解析】根据 “By the end of last week”(到上周末为止)这一 “过去的时间点”,符合过去完成时 “过去的过去” 的考向(对应讲义中 “过去完成时” 考点:by + 过去时间状语),表 “过去某个时间前已完成的动作”。A 选项结构错误(will 后接动词原形);B 选项是将来完成时,对应 “by + 将来时间”;C 选项是现在完成时,对应 “by + 现在时间”,均不符合 “last week” 的过去语境,故选 D。
2.Her first novel _ into 51 languages by the end of 2010.
A. is translated B. has been translated C. had been translated D. was translated
【答案】C
【解析】“By the end of 2010” 是过去时间,且 “novel” 与 “translate” 是被动关系,需用 “过去完成时的被动语态”(对应讲义中 “时态与语态结合考查” 的拓展考向)。A 选项是一般现在时被动,无过去关联;B 选项是现在完成时被动,对应 “by + 现在时间”;D 选项是一般过去时被动,仅表过去被动动作,不体现 “到 2010 年底已完成” 的 “过去的过去” 逻辑,故选 C。
3.But perhaps the most significant success that people _ to date is in medicine.
A. achieved B. achieving C. had achieved D. have achieved
【答案】D
【解析】“to date”(到目前为止)是现在完成时的典型标志词(对应讲义中 “现在完成时” 考点:过去动作对现在有影响,标志词 to date),强调 “到现在为止人们取得的成功”。A 选项是一般过去时,无 “到目前” 的时间关联;B 选项是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;C 选项是过去完成时,需搭配 “过去的过去” 的时间,故选 D。
4.Our house _ with colorful balls and bells at the end of next week to welcome the coming new year.
A. decorates B. will decorate C. is decorated D. will be decorated
【答案】D
【解析】“at the end of next week”(下周末末)是将来时间,且 “house” 与 “decorate” 是被动关系,需用 “一般将来时的被动语态”(对应讲义中 “一般将来时” 考点 + 语态结合)。A 选项是一般现在时主动,无将来和被动含义;B 选项是一般将来时主动,未体现被动;C 选项是一般现在时被动,无将来时间关联,故选 D。
5.—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
A. lived B. live C. had lived D. am living
【答案】A
【解析】前句 “I went to Ningxia” 用一般过去时,“and” 连接并列动作,“live there” 与 “went” 同为过去发生的动作,需用一般过去时(对应讲义中 “一般过去时” 考点:过去特定时间的动作,无现在关联)。B 选项是一般现在时,与 “went” 时态矛盾;C 选项是过去完成时,需体现 “去宁夏前已居住” 的逻辑,此处无;D 选项是现在进行时,与过去语境不符,故选 A。
6.---Has John finished his homework? I've no idea.
---He _ it last night.
A. did B. was doing C. had done D. had been doing
【答案】B
【解析】答句 “last night” 提示过去时间,结合 “不清楚是否完成”,强调 “昨晚某个时间段正在做(作业)”,符合过去进行时 “过去某个时间点正在进行的动作” 的考向(对应讲义中 “过去进行时” 考点:at/last night 等时间点的持续动作)。A 选项是一般过去时,仅表 “做了”,不体现 “是否完成” 的不确定性;C 选项是过去完成时,需 “过去的过去” 时间;D 选项是过去完成进行时,表 “过去之前持续做”,此处无,故选 B。
7.I _ that my brother was rather quiet during dinner.
A. will notice B. am noticing C. notice D. noticed
【答案】D
【解析】“during dinner”(晚餐期间)是过去的时间场景,“notice”(注意到)是过去发生的动作,需用一般过去时(对应讲义中 “一般过去时” 考点:过去特定场景的动作)。A 选项是一般将来时,无将来时间;B 选项是现在进行时,与过去语境不符;C 选项是一般现在时,表经常性动作,此处是过去单次动作,故选 D。
8.—Mum, where is Dad?
—He _ flowers in the garden now.
A. planted B. plants C. will plant D. is planting
【答案】D
【解析】“now”(现在)是现在进行时的核心标志词(对应讲义中 “现在进行时” 考点:此时此刻正在进行的动作),表 “爸爸现在正在花园种花”。A 选项是一般过去时,无过去时间;B 选项是一般现在时,表经常性动作;C 选项是一般将来时,无将来时间,故选 D。
9.The professor went into his office two hours ago and _ his essay ever since.
A. was working on B. had worked on C. worked on D. has been working on
【答案】D
【解析】“two hours ago”(两小时前)提示动作从过去开始,“ever since”(从那以后)强调 “动作持续到现在且仍在进行”,符合现在完成进行时的考向(对应讲义中 “现在完成进行时” 考点:过去开始、持续到现在的动作)。A 选项是过去进行时,仅表 “过去某时正在做”,无持续到现在;B 选项是过去完成时,需 “过去的过去” 时间;C 选项是一般过去时,无持续含义,故选 D。
10.Before every concert, the singer worries about how well she _.
A. was performing B. performed C. will perform D. has performed
【答案】C
【解析】“Before every concert”(每次音乐会前)是现在经常性场景,“worries” 用一般现在时,“表演” 是 “音乐会尚未开始的将来动作”,需用一般将来时(对应讲义中 “一般将来时” 考点:计划中的将来动作)。A 选项是过去进行时,无过去时间;B 选项是一般过去时,与 “before every concert” 的现在场景矛盾;D 选项是现在完成时,表 “已完成的动作”,而 “表演” 未发生,故选 C。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单句语法填空
1.You can’t help wondering how hard it ________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
【答案】was
【解析】“then” 指过去的时间,强调当时人们放置石头的困难,用一般过去时。
2.Lincoln’s home … ________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
【答案】has proved
【解析】“since it opened” 是现在完成时标志,表示从过去开放到现在一直对游客有吸引力,且影响持续到现在。
3.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.
【答案】carries
【解析】描述客观事实或普遍真理,用一般现在时;动名词短语作主语,谓语用单数形式。
4.The artist was sure he would ________ (choose).
【答案】be chosen
【解析】“would + 动词原形” 结构,且 “艺术家被选中” 为被动关系,用一般过去将来时的被动语态。
5.By about 6000 BC, people ________ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
【答案】had discovered
【解析】“By + 过去时间” 是过去完成时标志,表示在公元前 6000 年之前已经完成的动作。
6.In recent years some Inuit people … ________ (report) increases in bear sightings.
【答案】have reported
【解析】“In recent years” 是现在完成时标志,表示从过去到现在持续发生的情况。
7.The huge animal ________ (mean) me no real harm.
【答案】meant
【解析】后句用一般过去时(was saying),保持时态一致,描述过去发生的动作。
8.Whatever it is,________ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress.
【答案】make
【解析】祈使句,用动词原形开头,表示建议或劝告。
9.Henry ________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.
【答案】was fixing
【解析】“when + 一般过去时” 表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。
10.Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new.
【答案】have been amazed
【解析】“over the last 10 years” 是现在完成时标志,且 “I” 与 “amaze” 为被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语。
链接高考(测试时间:15分钟)
1(2024 年新高考I 卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
【答案】walks
【解析】描述花园的客观功能,用一般现在时;主语为单数,谓语用第三人称单数形式。
2.(2023 年新高考 II 卷)As a little girl, I ______ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
【答案】wished
【解析】由时间状语 “As a little girl” 和从句 “grew up” 可知,描述过去的愿望,用一般过去时。
3.(2024年浙江卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets ______ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions.
【答案】have started
【解析】时间状语 “Over the last two years” 表示从过去持续到现在的动作,用现在完成时。
4.(2022年新高考II卷)Henry ______ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
【答案】was fixing
【解析】 “when he heard”表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。
5.(2022 年浙江卷)The custom ______ (view) as a way to show respect for ancestors and pass down family traditions.
【答案】is viewed/has been viewed
【解析】陈述普遍认可的习俗属性,可用一般现在时被动语态;若强调传承至今的影响,也可填现在完成时被动语态
6.(2024 年广东模拟题)The sports meeting ______ (hold) next week if the weather is fine.
【答案】will be held
【解析】 “next week” 为一般将来时标志,主语与谓语为被动关系,用将来时被动语态
7.(2022 年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years, Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents.
【答案】has walked
【解析】“In the last five years”为现在完成时标志,主语为第三人称单数,助动词用 has
8.(2024年新高考 II 卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns.
【答案】were
【解析】主语为复数 “some of the things”,结合定语从句过去进行时 “was writing”,用一般过去时复数形式。
3 / 3
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$