专题05 重点语法分类（期中专项训练）四年级英语上学期（人教大同版·新教材）

重点语法分类练习65题 【语法考点一】方位介词 【语法考点二】特殊疑问词 【语法考点三】现在进行时 【语法考点四】there be句型 【语法考点五】序数词 【语法考点一】方位介词 · 常见的方位介词及短语： · 注意： (1) in（在……里面）、on（在……上面/楼层）、at（在具体地点）、near（在……附近）、next to（紧邻）、behind（在……后面）、in front of（在……外部前面）、between（在……之间）。 (2) 易混辨析： · on与in：on用于“在物体表面/楼层”（如on the desk, on the second floor）；in用于“在空间内部”（如in the classroom, in the city）。 · in front of与behind：互为反义词，分别表示“在外部前面”和“在后面”（如The tree is in front of the house. The car is behind the tree.）。 （3）教材1-3单元关联场景： - 描述城市地点位置（如Unit1中“The cinema is next to the supermarket.”）。 - 描述学校场所楼层（如Unit3中“The art room is on the second floor.”）。 考点精练 1、 单选题。 ( ) 1．The library is ______ our school. We can read books there every day. A．in B．on C．at D．to ( ) 2．—Where is the cake shop? —It’s ______ the bank. I can see it from here. A．next to B．far C．in D．between ( ) 3．【跨学科·地理】Guangzhou is ______ the south of China. It’s a warm city. A．to B．on C．in D．of ( ) 4．There are two big trees ______ the classroom. We play under them after class. A．in front of B．in C．on D．at ( ) 5．The computer room is ______ the music room and the art room. A．next to B．between C．behind D．near 2、 根据图片选择正确的介词填空。 in on under behind between in front of next to 6．The music room is ______ the third floor. 7．The garden is ______ the library. We can see flowers from the library window. 8．The hall is ______ the school gate. It’s the first place we see when we enter the school. 9．The toilet is ______ the computer room. They are on the same floor. 10．There are many books ______ the library. 【语法考点二】特殊疑问词 一、概念 特殊疑问词是用于构成特殊疑问句的疑问词，通常以“wh-”或“h-”开头，用于对地点、时间、人物等具体信息提问，其回答需提供明确内容而非简单肯定或否定。 ‌ 常见特殊疑问词 ‌What‌：询问事物、动作或天气等（如：What is this?/What are you doing?） ‌ ‌Who‌：询问人（如：Who is this?/Who are they?） ‌ ‌Where‌：询问地点（如：Where do you live?/Where is the park?） ‌ ‌When‌：询问时间（如：When do you go to school?/When is your birthday?） ‌ ‌Why‌：询问原因（如：Why do you like cats?） ‌ ‌How‌：询问方式或程度（如：How do you go to school?/How old are you?） ‌ 构成规则 1.‌对宾语/状语/表语提问‌：疑问词 + 一般疑问句（如：What color is your shirt?） ‌2.‌对主语或主语定语提问‌：疑问词 + 主语 + 动词（如：Who is singing?/Whose bike is broken? 二、1-3单元涉及的特殊疑问词 where（哪里，提问地点）：对应教材Unit1“询问城市/学校地点”（如Where is the hospital?）。 how（怎样，提问方式）：对应教材Unit2“询问运动方式/出行方式”（如How do you come to school?）。 what（什么，提问事物）：对应教材Unit3“询问学校场所功能”（如What can you do in the art room?）。 when（什么时候，提问时间）：对应教材Unit2“询问活动时间”（如When is Sports Day?）。 句子结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（如Where is the library? How do you go to the park?）。 考点精练 1、 单选题。 ( ) 1．—______ is the art room? —It’s on the second floor. A．What B．Where C．When D．Why ( ) 2．—______ do you play badminton? —After school every Tuesday. A．Where B．How C．When D．What ( ) 3．—______ do you go to the supermarket with your mother? —By car. A．How B．What C．Who D．Which ( ) 4．—______ can you do in the music room? —I can sing and dance. A．Where B．What C．When D．How ( ) 5．【新考点·生活应用】—______ do you usually get up in the morning? —At 7 o’clock. A． What B．Where C．When D．How 2、 选择正确的疑问词填空(有多余选项)。 How What Where When Why How Who 6.—__________is the supermarket? —It’s near the park. 7.—_______do you like the garden? —Because there are many beautiful flowers. 8.—_______do you come to school every day? — Oh foot. 9.—______are you going to do this weekend? —I’m going to visit my grandparents. 10.—______is your birthday? —It’s in October. 3、 选择合适的特殊疑问词填空。 ( ) 11. — ______ is your favorite subject at school? — I like English best. (A. What B. Who C. Where) ( ) 12. — ______ do you usually go to the park? — On weekends. (A. How B. When C. Why) ( ) 13. — ______ helps you with your homework every evening? — My elder sister. (A. Whose B. Who C. Which) ( ) 14. — ______ do people call the city "the Big Apple"? — Because of its rich culture and economic status. (A. Why B. How C. What) ( ) 15. — ______ book is this on the desk? — It's Lily's. (A. Which B. Whose C. Where) 【语法考点三】现在进行时 一、核心知识点 1．含义：表示“当前正在进行的动作或发生的状态”，对应教材Unit2“描述运动场上的实时活动”（如He is jumping high.）。 2．结构： - 肯定句：主语+be（am/is/are）+动词-ing形式+其他（如I am reading. She is drawing.）。 - 疑问句：Be（am/is/are）+主语+动词-ing形式+其他（如Is he playing football?）。 3．动词-ing变化规则： - 一般直接加-ing（如play→playing, read→reading）。 - 以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing（如dance→dancing, write→writing）。 - 重读闭音节结尾，双写尾字母加-ing（如run→running, swim→swimming）。 考点精练 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．Look! The students ______ football on the sports ground. A．play B．playing C．are playing D．plays ( ) 2．—What ______ you ______ now? —I’m doing my homework. A．do; do B．are; do C．are; doing D．do; doing ( ) 3．Wang Tao ______ a picture in the art room now. He likes drawing. A．draw B．draws C．is drawing D．drawing ( ) 4．—______ Li Ming ______ basketball? —Yes, he is. A．Is; play B．Is; playing C．Does; play D．Do; playing ( ) 5．They ______ not ______ jump rope now. They are reading books. A．are; doing B．do; do C．are; playing D．are; doing 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 6．Listen! My sister ______（sing）a song in the music room. 7．The boys ______（play）football on the playground now. 8．—What ______ your mother ______（do）now? —She ______（cook）in the kitchen. 9．Look at the girls! They ______（dance）in the hall. 10．We ______（not read）books now. We ______（write）English words.【语法考点四】there be句型 一、核心知识点 1．含义：表示“某地有某物/某人”，对应教材Unit1“描述城市场所存在”（如There is a cinema near here.）和Unit3“描述学校场所存在”（如There are two libraries in our school.）。 2．结构： - 肯定句：There is+单数名词/不可数名词+地点（如There is a bank on the street.）；There are+复数名词+地点（如There are some books in the bag.）。 - 否定句：There is not（isn’t）/There are not（aren’t）+名词+地点（如There isn’t a park here.）。 - 疑问句：Is there/Are there+名词+地点（如Is there a supermarket near your home?）。 3．就近原则：be动词单复数由靠近它的名词决定（如There is a pen and two books on the desk.）。 考点精练 （1） 单选题。 ( ) 1．______ a big supermarket near my home. I often buy food there. A．There is B．There are C．There be D．Is there ( ) 2．—______ any books in the bag? —No, there aren’t. A．There are B．Are there C．Is there D．There is ( ) 3．There ______ a music room and three art rooms in our school. A．is B．are C．am D．be ( ) 4．—Is there a park near the cinema? —______ A．Yes, there are. B．No, there isn’t. C．Yes, it is. D．No, it isn’t. ( ) 5．There ______ some milk in the glass. You can drink it. A．is B．are C．am D．be 二、句型转换。 6．There is a hospital on this street.（改为否定句） __________________________________________ 7．There are some books in the library.（改为一般疑问句） __________________________________________ 8．There is a cake shop next to the park.（对划线部分提问） __________________________________________ 9．Is there a police station near here?（作肯定回答） __________________________________________ 10． There are two footballs on the playground.（改为单数句） __________________________________________ 【语法考点五】序数词 定义 序数词（Ordinal Numbers） 是表示人或事物在序列中顺序、位置的数词，回答“第几”的问题，如第一（first）、第二十（twentieth）。 【语法解析】 1. 功能定位：用于明确排序，而非数量。例如，基数词“three”（3个）描述数量，序数词“third”（第3）描述位置。 构成规则： 1-3为特殊形式：first (1st), second (2nd), third (3rd)。 4-19在基数词后加“-th”，但有4个特例：fifth (5th), eighth (8th), ninth (9th), twelfth (12th)。 20及以上整十数：将基数词词尾“y”改为“i”，再加“-eth”，如twenty → twentieth (20th)。 非整十的两位数：十位用基数词，个位用序数词，中间加连字符，如twenty-one → twenty-first (21st)。 关键特征： 书写时通常在词尾加缩写后缀（1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th...），且在句中常与定冠词“the”连用，如“the fifth floor”（五楼）。 （具体变化如图） 考点精练 1、 选择题。 （ ）1. —Wenbo lives（居住）on the ______ floor of that building. She often takes the elevator (电梯) up and down. —No wonder I never see her walk upstairs. A. five B. fifth C. fiveth D. fifty （ ）2.【新考点·传统文化】 Teachers’ Day （教师节）is on the ______ of September. It’s a special day for all teachers. A. tenth B. ten C. tenths D. twelveth （ ）3. —How many lessons do you have on Friday morning? —Four. And the ______ lesson is math. It’s my favorite subject（学科）. A. three B. third C. thirteen D. thirty （ ）4. 【新情境·生活常识】There are ______ months in a year, and the ______ month is May. A. twelve; five B. twelfth; fifth C. twelve; fifth D. twelfth; five （ ）5.【新情境·生活常识】 —Which is the ______ day of a week in Western countries（西方国家）? —It’s Sunday, not Monday. A. first B. one C. seventh D. seven 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 6. My little brother had his ______ (two) birthday last week（上周）. We bought him a toy car as a gift. 7. There are twenty-eight students in the art club（俱乐部）. Joy Miller is the ______ (eight) student to join（加入） the club this term. 8. 【新考点·跨国文化】Today is the ______ (thirty-one) of October. It’s Halloween. Children are very excited，where they dress up in elaborate costumes（精致的服装） and collect candy（糖果） from neighbors.  9. The ______ (four) stop of this bus route（路线） is the hospital. You can get off there. 10. Mr. Li has been teaching for 40 years. This year is his ______ (forty) year as a teacher. 三、 翻译题。 11．The hall is on the first floor. ____________________________________ 12．音乐教室在二楼。 ____________________________________ 13．The hospital is on the fifth floor. ____________________________________ 14．在游泳比赛中，小猫第四，小狗第一。 The cat is the ______and the dog is the________ in the swimming race. 15．图书馆在四楼，挨着我们的教室。     The library is on the floor,next to our __________. 4、 【新考法·表文转换】仔细阅读表格并选择正确答案填在括号里。 Li Ming Rooms Location student Art room On the second floor Grade four library On the first floor Walk to school Computer room On the third floor High jump Sports ground On the ground floor Hello, I’m Li Ming. I’m a student of Grade 4. My school is big and beautiful. There are many places in it: an art room, a music room, a library, a computer room and a sports ground. The art room is on the second floor. I usually draw pictures there on Tuesday afternoons. The library is on the first floor. I often borrow storybooks from it. My home is near the school. I usually walk to school. Sometimes my father drives me to school when it rains. Next week, we will have a Sports Day. I’m going to take part in the high jump. I’m very excited. 16．Where is the art room in Li Ming’s school?（ ） A．On the first floor. B．On the second floor. C．On the third floor. 17．How does Li Ming usually come to school?（ ） A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot. 18．When does Li Ming draw pictures in the art room?（ ） A．Every Monday. B．On Tuesday afternoons. C．On Friday mornings. 19．What is Li Ming going to do on Sports Day?（ ） A．He is going to do the long jump. B．He is going to play football. C．He is going to do the high jump. 20．Which of the following is NOT true?（ ） A．Li Ming’s school has a computer room. B．Li Ming never borrows books from the library. C．Li Ming’s home is near his school. 参考答案 第 1 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【语法考点一】方位介词 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．on 7．behind 8．in front of 9．next to 10．in 【语法考点二】特殊疑问词 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．Where 7．Why 8．How 9．What 10．When 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.B 【语法考点三】现在进行时 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．is singing 7．are playing 8．is;doing;is cooking 9．are dancing 10．are not reading;are writing 【语法考点四】there be 句型 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．There isn’t a hospital on this street. 7．Are there any books in the library? 8．Where is the cake shop? 9．Yes, there is. 10．There is a football on the playground. 【语法考点五】序数词 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．Second 7．eighth 8．thirty-first 9．fourth 10.fortieth 11．礼堂在一楼。 12．The music room is on the second floor. 13．医院在五楼。 14．fourth first 15．fourth classroom 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．B $