专题03 阅读表达 （期中复习讲义） 高一英语上学期北师大版

专题03 阅读表达（期中复习讲义） 该题型的四个问题的题型也不同:前两题是细节题;第三题是判断题,要求学生先找出叙述有误的部分(可以是分句、短语或单词)并画线,然后引用文本内容进行改错。第四题属于创新和评价型问题,要求学生基于文本的话题建构思路、表达自己的观点或基于文本中涉及的概念进行创新写作等。 (1)平行阅读找题眼:一般来讲,前三道题的答案出处在文中的位置顺序与题目顺序一致,因此学生在寻找答案时,可带着问题阅读,按题目顺序定位答案出处。 (2)答案与问题范围对应:做第三题时,不可多答。有的考生出于安全考虑,抄了原文中不属于答案的部分,导致失分。 (3)阅读表达的最后一题是创新写作题,做这道题时,注意以下几点: ①关注问题的要求。观察题目中是否有“Apart from what is mentioned in the pas- sage...”这样的表达。如果有,再使用文章中的内容进行作答是无效的。此外,要根据所给单词的单、复数,推断要求回答的点。如果看到benefit(s),作答一点或多点都可以;如果看到benefits,作答内容就要多于一点,由于有词数限制,建议写两条。本题的评分标准和应用文类似,都是主要从内容和语言两方面评分。 ②言简意赅,减少冗余。转换表达方式可以解决词数超限的问题。必要时,可以用单词代替短语,用非谓语动词代替从句等。 (4)使用规范和准确的语言。只要是写在答题纸上的句子,拼写和语法错误都会导致失分。 (5)检查并规避错误。学生作答结束后,可以针对以下几方面进行快速核查:作答内容和词数是否符合题目要求;拼写、语法和标点是否准确。 细节题和判断题 例(2023北京海淀二模) They say to find out what you really want, go back to when you were a child.When I was a kid, I really wanted to be a painter②, but I was never great at it. I was discouraged, because in art classes my paintings were never the most beautiful. In the third grade, we were given a project to create a portrait. I used the skills and tips we were all taught in class. After we were done, we presented our portraits. We stood in front of the class and explained our techniques. I remember looking at other portraits thinking, “We were given the same skills, why do theirs look so professional and mine looks so amateur①?” But I still really enjoyed painting because it's a forgiving art.② If I don't like what I've put on paper, I can paint over it. I can mix colors and make new ones. Also, I can release some creative juices, use what has inspired me and allow that to pour out of me in a way I may not have imagined. But because I have always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, I just decided to change what beauty looked like. I changed what beauty meant to me.③ Throughout school, they taught us about Picasso, Van Gogh and da Vinci, and I never saw myself or my art in their works. These artists were always painting whatever was in front of them and around them. But that's not what I saw around me. Then I learned about Basquiat, who inspired me to paint abstract pictures.② I paint when I'm moved, and I am often moved by what's natural: emotions, nature, and other forms of art. I am also very moved by pain. When there is pain in the world or in my heart, it can be unbearable. I had a conversation with an activist in St. Louis named Spook, and I explained to her this feeling and she told me, “Pain is energy. You have to learn how to channel that energy into something productive.” So sometimes I channel that pain into art, into a painting.② Even if the picture doesn't turn out aesthetically(美学地) pleasing by society's standards, it's still beautiful that I was able to create something. My paintings may not be a Basquiat, but they're mine, so I love them anyway. 1. What did the author find after the portrait presentation? 试题类型 细节题 原文定位 见文章中的①部分 思路点拨 Others'/Other kids' portraits looked so professional and/but his looked so amateur. (还原原文所指内容)　(修改原文时态)              (修改原文代词mine) 答案 Others'/Other kids' portraits looked so professional and/but his looked so amateur. 2. What factors motivated the author to keep his passion for the arts? 试题类型 细节题 原文定位 见文章中的②部分 思路点拨 (1)因为题目中问的是factors,所以至少要列出两条; (2)修改人称、时态及表达。 答案 ①His childhood dream. ②His belief that paining is a forgiving art. ③The inspiration he got from Basquiat. ④The fact that he could channel pain into art. 3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.   The author has always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, so he tried to meet society's standards. 试题类型 判断题 原文定位 见文章中的③部分 思路点拨  Step 1:  分析题目:The author has always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, so he tried to meet society's standards.                     意群1　　　　　意群2　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　意群3 该句子可以划分为三个意群。鉴于本题有连词,因此猜测so后面的意群出错的概率大些。 Step 2: 审读文本:根据第四段“But because I have always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, I just decided to change what beauty looked like. I changed what beauty meant to me.”可知猜测准确。 Step 3: 确定画线部分:so he tried to meet society's standards Step 4: 做出解释:将画线部分的错误信息改正。 答案 The author has always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, so he tried to meet society's standards. So he just decided to change what beauty looked like, and he changed what beauty meant to him. Or: So he changed what beauty looked like. Or: So he changed what beauty meant to him. 创新和评价型问题 如前文所述,阅读表达的第四题要求学生在对信息进行分析和总结的基础上,输出新的信息,难度高于前三道题,因此,我们总结了不同类型的提问及其解题方法。 1.基于事件进行深入分析 2022年北京高考英语阅读表达的最后一题是“Among Tom's qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words)”,在此之后,北京各区高 三模拟题中数次出现该设问方式。解决此类问题需要从现象看本质,从文本的记叙性 文字中推断出人物的品质。解答该类型题目时注意两点:首先,答题时注意人物的品 质和文本细节之间的逻辑关系,不可臆造。其次,平时要积累描述优秀的个人品质的单词,包括但不局限于:persistence、resilience、creativity、sense of responsibility、curiosity和 humility等。 例1(2022北京海淀期末) Q:Which quality of da Vinci's do you appreciate most? How can it benefit you in your life?(In about 40 words)  审题　本题分两部分。关键词是quality和benefit。后者是基于前者展开,因此第一问的构思非常重要。  语篇　Leonardo da Vinci was a genius: wildly imaginative, passionately curious and creative across multiple disciplines—painting, architecture, aeronautics, and engineering. Yet oddly the word “genius” minimizes him by making it seem as if he were touched by lightning. His early biographer made this mistake: “Sometimes, in a supernatural fashion, a single person is gifted by heaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that it seems that his every act is divine (天赐的).” In fact, the self-taught Leonardo's genius was shaped by his own will and ambition. It did not come from being the divine recipient, like Newton or Einstein. Part of what made Leonardo a genius, what set him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart, was creativity. His talent for combining observation with fantasy allowed him to make unexpected leaps that related things seen to things unseen. Leonardo was also a very human genius. He made mistakes. He left a trail of unfinished projects, flying machines that never flew, tanks that never rolled. “Tell me if ever I did a thing... Tell me if anything was ever made.” His flawed humanity makes Leonardo more accessible. Even though we may never be able to match his talents, we can learn from him and try to be more like him. His life offers a wealth of lessons.Seek knowledge for its own sake. Not all knowledge needs to be useful. Sometimes it should be pursued for pure pleasure. Leonardo did not need to know how heart valves work to paint the Mona Lisa, nor did he need to figure out how fossils got to the top of mountains to produce the Virgin of the Rocks. By allowing himself to be driven by pure curiosity, he got to explore more horizons and see more connections. Keep a childlike sense of wonder. At a certain point in life, most of us quit puzzling over everyday phenomena. We might savor the beauty of a blue sky, but we no longer bother to wonder why it is that color. Leonardo did. Be curious, observe things, see things unseen, respect facts, be open to mystery... We can ever learn enough from Leonardo.  答题　回答第一问时,学生要基于文章的内容写出达·芬奇的优秀品质,该品质需要准确、恰当;题干中的quality是单数,因此只写一项。回答第二问时,学生要基于第一问所答的内容写出该品质的益处,这是基于第一问的延伸。 参考范文     The quality I appreciate most is his curiosity/being curious. It inspires me to acquire knowledge and obtain a deeper insight into the subjects. Besides, it helps develop my creative thinking because it enables me to see things in a different way. 名师点评　分数区间:4—5分。范文结构清晰。第一句表明最欣赏的品质是好奇心。此处要注意有关品质的形容词和名词形式的使用,不要出现语法错误。在回答第二问时使用了平行结构,一方面与获取知识有关,另一方面与创造力有关,内容全面。恰当地使用了代词I和me,符合题目要求。 基础通关（测试时间：15分钟） Passage 1 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise. Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. The idea that “everyone’ s doing it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company. It's likely that you've experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you' re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process. 1．What is peer pressure? 2．What positive influences can peer pressure bring to people? 3．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Under negative peer pressure, teenagers may build up self-confidence, make wrong judgment or keep a distance from family and friends. 4．In your opinion, how can teenagers deal with peer pressure properly? （about 40 words） Passage 2 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 The Who, What and Why of Chinese Martial Arts Chinese martial arts are one of China’s most popular and successful cultural exports. Despite their widespread and enduring popularity, most people’s understanding of the Chinese martial arts is limited. Join us as we explore the history and culture behind these ancient forms of self-defense.What are the Chinese martial arts? The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. Many of the Chinese martial arts incorporate (并入) philosophical concepts that are closely connected with Chinese religion and philosophy, especially Taoism (道教).Origins and history The martial arts have a long history in China. As the name Wu Shu suggests, the martial arts are thought to have developed as methods for hand-to-hand combat (格斗) used by ancient Chinese soldiers.One of the most influential Chinese martial arts styles — Tai Chi Tai Chi is the most well-known of the “internal” Chinese martial arts styles. While it is most commonly practiced today as a meditative, gentle form of exercise, it also has its roots in the martial arts and was originally developed as a form of self-defense. Tai Chi is sometimes referred to as “shadow boxing.” Although most people think of Tai Chi as being made up of slow movements, there are several styles which include faster paced elements. When playing Tai Chi, practitioners work to seek a balance between yin (a dark, soft, female force) and yang (a hard, bright, male force) forces so that two forces of equal strength are never used against each other. The use of a hard force against another hard force can only result in deadlock. Thus, in Tai Chi, hardness should be met with softness, and vice versa. Today, Tai Chi is known both within China and around the world for its many scientifically proven health benefits. Some renowned Mayo clinic even recommends Tai Chi as a great way to gently reduce stress and anxiety.A window into Chinese culture Due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history, the Chinese martial arts provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture. We invite you to join us to experience China firsthand through martial arts. 1．What is Chinese martial arts? 2．What do practitioners want to achieve while playing Tai Chi? 3．What is the purpose of this passage? 4．Write some benefits of Chinese martial arts and explain. (In about 40 words) Passage 3 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Marva Collins’ journey as a teacher began in the 1960s, when she was assigned to teach at a public school in Chicago. At the time, the school was troubled by low academic standards and misbehavior of the students. Despite these challenges, Collins was determined to help those students labeled as “difficult” or “at-risk”. Believing that every student had the potential to learn and succeed, she set out to create a classroom environment that would foster a love of learning, a sense of discipline, and a belief in oneself. Collins first established a rigorous academic curriculum that would challenge her students to reach their full potential. She taught her students traditional subjects and also emphasized critical thinking, problem solving, and creativity. Her teaching methods were highly effective, and students soon began to show remarkable progress. But Collins’ greatest achievement was the founding of the Westside Prep School, which she started in 1975. The school provided a safe and nurturing environment where students could thrive academically and socially and therefore it was considered as the “haven for learning”. At the Prep School, Collin's stressed the importance of discipline and hard work. She expected her students to arrive on time, in uniform, and ready to learn, and she installed in them a sense of responsibility and accountability. Collins also emphasized the importance of building relationships between teachers and students. She believed that strong relationships were the foundation of effective teaching, and she encouraged her teachers to personalize their instruction based on the students’ individual differences. Under her leadership, the Prep School became known for its high academic standards and its ability to help struggling students. Many of the school’s graduates went on to attend top colleges and universities, and some went on to become leaders in their fields. Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators around the world. Today, her legacy lives on. Her emphasis on discipline, hard work, and relationships continues to be a model for effective teaching, and her belief in the potential of every student continues to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of the at-risk students. 1．What challenges did Collins face as a new teacher? 2．Why was the Prep School considered the “haven for learning”? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To achieve effective teaching, Collins encouraged her teachers to build strong relationships with the students and teach them as a whole. 4．Which one of Collin’s teaching beliefs impresses you most? Why? (In about 40 words) Passage 4 （24-25高一上·北京海淀·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Everyone feels stressed from time to time. But what is stress? How does it affect your health? And what can you do about it? Stress is how the brain and body respond to any demand. Every type of demand or stressor — such as exercise, work, school, or major life changes — can be stressful. Stress can affect your health. Yet not all stress is bad. Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform, like when they need to take a test or interview for a new job. Stress can even be life-saving in some situations. In response to danger, your pulse quickens, you breathe faster, your muscles tense, your brain uses more oxygen and increases activity — all functions aimed at survival. However, health problems can occur if the stress response goes on for too long or becomes chronic (长期的). With chronic stress, those same life-saving responses in your body can suppress (抑制) immune, digestive, sleep, and reproductive systems, which may cause them to stop working normally. Some people may experience digestive symptoms (症状), while others may have headaches, sleeplessness, sadness or anger. The following are some tips that may help you cope with stress: ●Recognize the Signs of your body’s response to stress, such as difficulty sleeping, being easily angered, feeling depressed, or having low energy. ●Get Regular Exercise. Just 30 minutes per day of walking can help improve your mood and reduce stress. ●Try a Relaxing Activity. Explore stress coping programs, which may include meditation, yoga, tai chi, or other gentle exercises. For some stress-related conditions, these approaches are used in addition to other forms of treatment. Schedule fixed times for these and other healthy and relaxing activities. ●Set Goals and Priorities (首要事情). Decide what must get done and what can wait, and learn to say no to new tasks if they are putting you into overload. Note what you have finished at the end of the day, not what you have been unable to do. ●Stay Connected with people who can provide emotional and other support. To reduce stress, ask for help from friends, teachers or family members. If you’re stressed out and can not function well, do ask for professional help. 1．According to the passage, what are the causes of stress? 2．What are the benefits of stress? 3．If people suffer from stress for a very long time, what physical symptoms might they experience? 4．Suppose your friend Jim will take an important exam in a few days, and he feels quite stressed right now. Please give him one piece of advice on relieving stress, and explain why. （In about 20-30 words.） Passage 5 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways. Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th birthday. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug. “He won’t brag (夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches (接近) him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration. Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.” 1．Why did 800 students line the hallways with handmade cards? 2．Why did the writer quote (引用) the words from Lori Gilreath in the fourth paragraph? 3．Who is the sunshine in your life? In what ways does he or she affect (影响) you? (About 40 words) Passage 6 （24-25高一上·北京密云·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 There is a saying, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Although eating properly is important, being kind to others is also good for your health. Recent studies show that people who do kind acts are more relaxed, happier, and healthier than other people. In one study at Arizona State University, researchers found that many volunteers experienced a sudden feeling of joy, followed by a long period of calmness, after doing a kind act. This feeling, called “a helper’s high”, may actually help reduce stress as the body produces natural painkillers. Stress can cause serious health problems. It can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease, and it can also lead to overeating and sleeping problems. However, the study found that volunteers had fewer stress-related health problems when they did helpful things for other people. The study also found that people who did nice things for others felt better about themselves as well. They had higher self-respect, and were happier. Many believe this is because volunteers spend more of their time with other people. People who are more outgoing are often healthier. Another study at the University of Michigan’s Survey Research Center confirmed the health benefits of volunteering. A ten-year study of 2,700 men in Michigan showed that people who volunteered lived longer than those who didn’t. Although you shouldn’t need a reason to be helpful, it is nice to know that kindness may help you live longer. 1．According to Paragraph 1, what do recent studies show? 2．According to the passage, what serious health problems can stress cause? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems, felt better about others and respected others more. 4．Besides the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of volunteering? Why? (In about 40 words) Passage7 （24-25高一上·北京通州·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题，请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I was never very neat (整洁的), while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming (尖叫), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling (大喊). She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing (抽噎). Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching in surprise. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 1．What made Kate so angry one evening? 2．What was the key to living together that the writer and Kate learned? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 4．What can getting along well with each other bring us? ( In about 40 words ) Passage 8 （24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When you leave school, you can breathe a sigh of relief and leave learning behind, right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp. An English idiom says, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.” But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs, too. With so much available, there is no excuse not to learn! Learning is a habit Don’t leave it behind after you leave school. On the website lifehack.org, author Scott Young mentions several things to help you Always have a book. It doesn’t matter if you read fast or slow. Just read. If you read just one book a week, you’ll read 52 over the course of a year. Think of the knowledge you’ll gain! Practice it. As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it! Make a “to learn” list. Compose a “to learn” list for yourself. Maybe you want to speak better English, play the piano, or cook French food. Whatever interests you, put it on your list and then make the time to do it. Teach others. Whatever you learn, teach someone else. You’ll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned. 1．Who is this article written for? 2．Why should older people learn? 3．How many ways of learning are mentioned for adults in the US? What are they? 4．Please share a good study habit that has worked well for you. Passage 9 （23-24高一上·北京朝阳·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 1．What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? 2．Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. 4．What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) Passage 10 （23-24高一上·北京石景山·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 People from different generations often live and work together. Sometimes they’re happy being together, other times they’re not. One of the reasons for their unhappiness maybe a generation gap. A generation gap is the difference between two or more generations—not the differences between their years but the differences between the generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. Of course, people can have differences and still be happy together, but according to the experts, communication between the generations helps everyone get along. Good communication between the generations starts in the family. These days many families are changing their communication style. They are moving from a “one-way” style to a “two-way” style of communication. To show this change, let’s compare two families: The Smith family uses the “one-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Smith show interest in their children, but they don’t discuss problems of feelings. The parents make all the rules and decisions. They don’t ask for their children’s opinions. They explain their decisions to their children, but they don’t discuss them. The explanation is clear and the children understand. The communication goes one way: from the parents to the children. The Jones family uses the “two-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Jones show interest in their children and ask for their opinions. They discuss problems and express their feelings. The family makes rules and decisions together after a discussion. The communication goes two ways: from parents to children and from children to parents. Better communication between generations at home means better communication between generations at work and in the community. When people from different generations understand each other better, they learn from each other more. This helps them form stronger bonds, work together more easily. As a result, people of all ages can team up effectively and come up with new ideas in different parts of life. 1．What is a generation gap? 2．Where does good communication between the generations begin? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication. 4．To bridge the generation gaps, what other suggestions would you make besides better communication? (In about 40 words) Passage 11 （22-23高一上·北京平谷·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Never Too Old to Shine When Wang Deshun showed on the stage as a male model in his late 70s, many thought he had reached his apex (顶点). However, the 85-year-old showed them he's still flying. The white-bearded Wang took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021. During the course of the flight, he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake flight training in China. His physical stats proved enough to apply for a flight license due to his many years of exercise. At Miyun Airport in Beijing, he was guided by a professional team that made a training plan for him. “I've been dreaming of flying for more than 50 years so I thought I should learn. I thought I could do this," Wang said. This is not the first time Wang has wowed (使喝彩) his fellow Chinese citizens. Born in a rural family in Shengyang，Liaoning Province in 1936, Wang started to work as a bus conductor and then a factory worker. In 1960, he became a stage actor and appeared in bit parts in films such as Brave Journey to Northeast and Miss Granny. Wang continued to challenge himself throughout his life. At 44 he learned English, and at 50 he began fitness training. He learnt to ride a horse at 65, to ride a motorcycle at 78, and hit the catwalk at 79, when he took part in Beijing Fashion Week and rose to social media fame. Walking down the catwalk completely shirtless, he wowed audiences and was nicknamed "China's hottest grandpa". "It's never too old to have your dream," he said. "Age has never been a problem. Just do it." 1．What did Wang Deshun do on Aug 17, 2021? 2．What was Wang's first job in his life? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Wang challenged himself throughout his life, for he was nicknamed "China's hottest grandpa". 4．Have you ever challenged yourself? Please give an example. (In about 40 words) Passage 12 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Nobody likes to feel anxious. Anxiety is among the most common and criticized of human emotions. Studies show that over 100 million people in the U.S. will suffer from an anxiety disorder in their lifetime. Rates, especially among the young, have been rising for the past decade. It seems, then, that our efforts to contain anxiety aren’t working. As a clinical psychologist and neuroscience researcher, I believe that we mental health professionals have made a terrible mistake. Feeling anxious isn’t the problem. The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good. This “bad” feeling isn’t a failure of mental health. It’s a triumph of human evolution: the ability to think about the uncertain future and prepare for it. The unpleasant emotion, for example, fear, signals that you may be in danger—from a predator, bully or speeding car—and readies your body and mind to fight or take flight. Anxiety, by contrast, has nothing to do with present threats. Instead, it turns you into a mental time traveler, drawing your attention to what lies ahead. Will you succeed or fail in that interview for a job you desperately want? Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focused, prepared to pursue your goals. Research has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher levels of dopamine (多巴胺) when we’re anxious. We have long known that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable and also in anticipation of rewards. The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making positive possibilities into reality. Many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety and don’t see any benefit from it. We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. But treating anxiety like a disease prevents us from distinguishing between ordinary anxiety and anxiety disorders. We need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion. Anxiety can’t do its job unless it makes us uncomfortable, forcing us to sit up and pay attention. We don’t need to like anxiety—just to use it in the right way. 1．Why is it increasingly hard for us to know how to feel good? 2．How does anxiety help one in a job interview? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious. 4．How do you cope with anxiety positively in your daily life? (In about 40 words) 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读表达（期中复习讲义） 该题型的四个问题的题型也不同:前两题是细节题;第三题是判断题,要求学生先找出叙述有误的部分(可以是分句、短语或单词)并画线,然后引用文本内容进行改错。第四题属于创新和评价型问题,要求学生基于文本的话题建构思路、表达自己的观点或基于文本中涉及的概念进行创新写作等。 (1)平行阅读找题眼:一般来讲,前三道题的答案出处在文中的位置顺序与题目顺序一致,因此学生在寻找答案时,可带着问题阅读,按题目顺序定位答案出处。 (2)答案与问题范围对应:做第三题时,不可多答。有的考生出于安全考虑,抄了原文中不属于答案的部分,导致失分。 (3)阅读表达的最后一题是创新写作题,做这道题时,注意以下几点: ①关注问题的要求。观察题目中是否有“Apart from what is mentioned in the pas- sage...”这样的表达。如果有,再使用文章中的内容进行作答是无效的。此外,要根据所给单词的单、复数,推断要求回答的点。如果看到benefit(s),作答一点或多点都可以;如果看到benefits,作答内容就要多于一点,由于有词数限制,建议写两条。本题的评分标准和应用文类似,都是主要从内容和语言两方面评分。 ②言简意赅,减少冗余。转换表达方式可以解决词数超限的问题。必要时,可以用单词代替短语,用非谓语动词代替从句等。 (4)使用规范和准确的语言。只要是写在答题纸上的句子,拼写和语法错误都会导致失分。 (5)检查并规避错误。学生作答结束后,可以针对以下几方面进行快速核查:作答内容和词数是否符合题目要求;拼写、语法和标点是否准确。 细节题和判断题 例(2023北京海淀二模) They say to find out what you really want, go back to when you were a child.When I was a kid, I really wanted to be a painter②, but I was never great at it. I was discouraged, because in art classes my paintings were never the most beautiful. In the third grade, we were given a project to create a portrait. I used the skills and tips we were all taught in class. After we were done, we presented our portraits. We stood in front of the class and explained our techniques. I remember looking at other portraits thinking, “We were given the same skills, why do theirs look so professional and mine looks so amateur①?” But I still really enjoyed painting because it's a forgiving art.② If I don't like what I've put on paper, I can paint over it. I can mix colors and make new ones. Also, I can release some creative juices, use what has inspired me and allow that to pour out of me in a way I may not have imagined. But because I have always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, I just decided to change what beauty looked like. I changed what beauty meant to me.③ Throughout school, they taught us about Picasso, Van Gogh and da Vinci, and I never saw myself or my art in their works. These artists were always painting whatever was in front of them and around them. But that's not what I saw around me. Then I learned about Basquiat, who inspired me to paint abstract pictures.② I paint when I'm moved, and I am often moved by what's natural: emotions, nature, and other forms of art. I am also very moved by pain. When there is pain in the world or in my heart, it can be unbearable. I had a conversation with an activist in St. Louis named Spook, and I explained to her this feeling and she told me, “Pain is energy. You have to learn how to channel that energy into something productive.” So sometimes I channel that pain into art, into a painting.② Even if the picture doesn't turn out aesthetically(美学地) pleasing by society's standards, it's still beautiful that I was able to create something. My paintings may not be a Basquiat, but they're mine, so I love them anyway. 1. What did the author find after the portrait presentation? 试题类型 细节题 原文定位 见文章中的①部分 思路点拨 Others'/Other kids' portraits looked so professional and/but his looked so amateur. (还原原文所指内容)　(修改原文时态)              (修改原文代词mine) 答案 Others'/Other kids' portraits looked so professional and/but his looked so amateur. 2. What factors motivated the author to keep his passion for the arts? 试题类型 细节题 原文定位 见文章中的②部分 思路点拨 (1)因为题目中问的是factors,所以至少要列出两条; (2)修改人称、时态及表达。 答案 ①His childhood dream. ②His belief that paining is a forgiving art. ③The inspiration he got from Basquiat. ④The fact that he could channel pain into art. 3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.   The author has always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, so he tried to meet society's standards. 试题类型 判断题 原文定位 见文章中的③部分 思路点拨  Step 1:  分析题目:The author has always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, so he tried to meet society's standards.                     意群1　　　　　意群2　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　意群3 该句子可以划分为三个意群。鉴于本题有连词,因此猜测so后面的意群出错的概率大些。 Step 2: 审读文本:根据第四段“But because I have always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, I just decided to change what beauty looked like. I changed what beauty meant to me.”可知猜测准确。 Step 3: 确定画线部分:so he tried to meet society's standards Step 4: 做出解释:将画线部分的错误信息改正。 答案 The author has always wanted to paint beautiful pictures, so he tried to meet society's standards. So he just decided to change what beauty looked like, and he changed what beauty meant to him. Or: So he changed what beauty looked like. Or: So he changed what beauty meant to him. 创新和评价型问题 如前文所述,阅读表达的第四题要求学生在对信息进行分析和总结的基础上,输出新的信息,难度高于前三道题,因此,我们总结了不同类型的提问及其解题方法。 1.基于事件进行深入分析 2022年北京高考英语阅读表达的最后一题是“Among Tom's qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words)”,在此之后,北京各区高 三模拟题中数次出现该设问方式。解决此类问题需要从现象看本质,从文本的记叙性 文字中推断出人物的品质。解答该类型题目时注意两点:首先,答题时注意人物的品 质和文本细节之间的逻辑关系,不可臆造。其次,平时要积累描述优秀的个人品质的单词,包括但不局限于:persistence、resilience、creativity、sense of responsibility、curiosity和 humility等。 例1(2022北京海淀期末) Q:Which quality of da Vinci's do you appreciate most? How can it benefit you in your life?(In about 40 words)  审题　本题分两部分。关键词是quality和benefit。后者是基于前者展开,因此第一问的构思非常重要。  语篇　Leonardo da Vinci was a genius: wildly imaginative, passionately curious and creative across multiple disciplines—painting, architecture, aeronautics, and engineering. Yet oddly the word “genius” minimizes him by making it seem as if he were touched by lightning. His early biographer made this mistake: “Sometimes, in a supernatural fashion, a single person is gifted by heaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that it seems that his every act is divine (天赐的).” In fact, the self-taught Leonardo's genius was shaped by his own will and ambition. It did not come from being the divine recipient, like Newton or Einstein. Part of what made Leonardo a genius, what set him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart, was creativity. His talent for combining observation with fantasy allowed him to make unexpected leaps that related things seen to things unseen. Leonardo was also a very human genius. He made mistakes. He left a trail of unfinished projects, flying machines that never flew, tanks that never rolled. “Tell me if ever I did a thing... Tell me if anything was ever made.” His flawed humanity makes Leonardo more accessible. Even though we may never be able to match his talents, we can learn from him and try to be more like him. His life offers a wealth of lessons.Seek knowledge for its own sake. Not all knowledge needs to be useful. Sometimes it should be pursued for pure pleasure. Leonardo did not need to know how heart valves work to paint the Mona Lisa, nor did he need to figure out how fossils got to the top of mountains to produce the Virgin of the Rocks. By allowing himself to be driven by pure curiosity, he got to explore more horizons and see more connections. Keep a childlike sense of wonder. At a certain point in life, most of us quit puzzling over everyday phenomena. We might savor the beauty of a blue sky, but we no longer bother to wonder why it is that color. Leonardo did. Be curious, observe things, see things unseen, respect facts, be open to mystery... We can ever learn enough from Leonardo.  答题　回答第一问时,学生要基于文章的内容写出达·芬奇的优秀品质,该品质需要准确、恰当;题干中的quality是单数,因此只写一项。回答第二问时,学生要基于第一问所答的内容写出该品质的益处,这是基于第一问的延伸。 参考范文     The quality I appreciate most is his curiosity/being curious. It inspires me to acquire knowledge and obtain a deeper insight into the subjects. Besides, it helps develop my creative thinking because it enables me to see things in a different way. 名师点评　分数区间:4—5分。范文结构清晰。第一句表明最欣赏的品质是好奇心。此处要注意有关品质的形容词和名词形式的使用,不要出现语法错误。在回答第二问时使用了平行结构,一方面与获取知识有关,另一方面与创造力有关,内容全面。恰当地使用了代词I和me,符合题目要求。 基础通关（测试时间：15分钟） Passage 1 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise. Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. The idea that “everyone’ s doing it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company. It's likely that you've experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you' re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process. 1．What is peer pressure? 2．What positive influences can peer pressure bring to people? 3．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Under negative peer pressure, teenagers may build up self-confidence, make wrong judgment or keep a distance from family and friends. 4．In your opinion, how can teenagers deal with peer pressure properly? （about 40 words） 【答案】1．Peer pressure is the influence that classmates or peers have on an individual’s decisions and actions, often leading them to adopt behaviors or activities they might not otherwise choose, in order to fit in or be accepted by the group. 2．Peer pressure can encourage individuals to reflect on their actions and strive for self-improvement. It can motivate them to work hard towards their goals and adopt healthy habits, ultimately shaping their personality and future positively. 3．Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 4．Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了同龄人压力既能给我们带来积极的影响也能使我们不自信，所以我们要有意识地仔细选择同龄人的影响，这样才会使你的人生更健康，更快乐。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise.( 和你年龄相仿的人，就像你的同学一样，被称为同龄人。当他们影响你的决定或行动时，这被称为同龄人压力。我们所有人，在生命中的某个时刻，都不得不面对同龄人压力。随大流和做大多数人正在做的事情的需要迫使我们去做一些我们本来不会做的事情。)”可知，同龄人压力是同学或同伴对个人的决定和行为的影响，通常会导致他们采取他们可能不会选择的行为或活动，以适应或被群体接受。故答案是：Peer pressure is the influence that classmates or peers have on an individual’s decisions and actions, often leading them to adopt behaviors or activities they might not otherwise choose, in order to fit in or be accepted by the group. 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future.( 它可以让你反思你的行为，改变你的方式，成为一个更好的人。观察别人努力工作以达到他们的目标肯定会鼓励你做出更大的努力来实现一些积极的事情。拥有一个能给你带来积极的同龄人压力的团体也能帮助你养成健康的习惯，这些习惯可以塑造你的个性和未来。)”可知，同龄人压力可以鼓励个人反思自己的行为，努力自我提升。它可以激励他们朝着自己的目标努力工作，养成健康的习惯，最终积极塑造他们的个性和未来。故答案是：Peer pressure can encourage individuals to reflect on their actions and strive for self-improvement. It can motivate them to work hard towards their goals and adopt healthy habits, ultimately shaping their personality and future positively. 3．考查细节理解。根据“Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence.( 正如有些影响可以是积极的，有些也可以是消极的。来自同龄人压力有时会使你的自信心下降。)”以及“Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends.( 此外，同龄人压力会使你与家人和朋友疏远。)”可知，原句错误的部分为“teenagers may build up self-confidence(青少年可能会建立自信)”，因为：因为负面的同龄人压力通常会导致自信心的下降，因为个人可能会感到被迫遵守或违背他们更好的判断，而不是建立自信。故答案是：Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的问题可知，在我看来，青少年正确处理同龄人压力的方法可以为：青少年可以通过培养强烈的自我意识，设定明确的个人价值观，以及与鼓励积极行为的支持自己的朋友在一起来应对同龄人压力。学会说“不”，从值得信任的成年人那里寻求指导也会有所帮助。故答案是：Teenagers can deal with peer pressure by developing strong self-awareness, setting clear personal values, and surrounding themselves with supportive friends who encourage positive behaviors. Learning to say no and seeking guidance from trusted adults can also help. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 The Who, What and Why of Chinese Martial Arts Chinese martial arts are one of China’s most popular and successful cultural exports. Despite their widespread and enduring popularity, most people’s understanding of the Chinese martial arts is limited. Join us as we explore the history and culture behind these ancient forms of self-defense.What are the Chinese martial arts? The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. Many of the Chinese martial arts incorporate (并入) philosophical concepts that are closely connected with Chinese religion and philosophy, especially Taoism (道教).Origins and history The martial arts have a long history in China. As the name Wu Shu suggests, the martial arts are thought to have developed as methods for hand-to-hand combat (格斗) used by ancient Chinese soldiers.One of the most influential Chinese martial arts styles — Tai Chi Tai Chi is the most well-known of the “internal” Chinese martial arts styles. While it is most commonly practiced today as a meditative, gentle form of exercise, it also has its roots in the martial arts and was originally developed as a form of self-defense. Tai Chi is sometimes referred to as “shadow boxing.” Although most people think of Tai Chi as being made up of slow movements, there are several styles which include faster paced elements. When playing Tai Chi, practitioners work to seek a balance between yin (a dark, soft, female force) and yang (a hard, bright, male force) forces so that two forces of equal strength are never used against each other. The use of a hard force against another hard force can only result in deadlock. Thus, in Tai Chi, hardness should be met with softness, and vice versa. Today, Tai Chi is known both within China and around the world for its many scientifically proven health benefits. Some renowned Mayo clinic even recommends Tai Chi as a great way to gently reduce stress and anxiety.A window into Chinese culture Due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history, the Chinese martial arts provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture. We invite you to join us to experience China firsthand through martial arts. 1．What is Chinese martial arts? 2．What do practitioners want to achieve while playing Tai Chi? 3．What is the purpose of this passage? 4．Write some benefits of Chinese martial arts and explain. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. 2．While playing Tai Chi, practitioners want to achieve a balance between yin and yang. 3．To invite people to explore the history and culture behind Chinese martial arts and experience China firsthand through them. 4．Chinese martial arts not only have some health benefits because they can help reduce stress and anxiety, but also provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history. 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国武术的概念、起源、历史及其影响。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history.(中国武术是数百种在中国历史上发展了几个世纪的不同打斗风格的集合)”可知，该句描述了什么是中国武术。故答案为The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. 2．考查细节理解。根据第六段“When playing Tai Chi, practitioners work to seek a balance between yin (a dark, soft, female force) and yang (a hard, bright, male force)  forces so that two forces of equal strength are never used against each other.(打太极时，练习者努力寻求阴（黑暗，柔软，女性力量）和阳（坚硬，明亮，男性力量）力量之间的平衡，这样两种力量相等的力量永远不会相互对抗)”可知，在打太极时，练习者都想要达到阴阳平衡的效果。故答案为While playing Tai Chi, practitioners want to achieve a balance between yin and yang. 3．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Join us as we explore the history and culture behind these ancient forms of self-defense.(和我们一起探索这些古老自卫形式背后的历史和文化)”和最后一段“We invite you to join us to experience China firsthand through martial arts.(我们邀请您加入我们，通过武术亲身体验中国)”可知，本文的目的是邀请人们一起探索中国武术背后的历史和文化，通过武术亲身体验中国。故答案为To invite people to explore the history and culture behind Chinese martial arts and experience China firsthand through them. 4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Today, Tai Chi is known both within China and around the world for its many scientifically proven health benefits. Some renowned Mayo clinic even recommends Tai Chi as a great way to gently reduce stress and anxiety.(今天，太极拳在中国和世界各地都因其许多科学证明的健康益处而闻名。一些著名的Mayo诊所甚至推荐太极拳作为减轻压力和焦虑的好方法)”和最后一段“Due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history, the Chinese martial arts provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture.(由于与中国哲学、宗教和历史的联系，中国武术为了解中国传统文化提供了一个迷人的窗口)”可知，中国武术不仅对健康有益，因为它们可以减轻压力和焦虑，还为了解中国传统文化提供了一个迷人的窗口，因为它们与中国哲学、宗教和历史的联系。故答案为Chinese martial arts not only have some health benefits because they can help reduce stress and anxiety, but also provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Marva Collins’ journey as a teacher began in the 1960s, when she was assigned to teach at a public school in Chicago. At the time, the school was troubled by low academic standards and misbehavior of the students. Despite these challenges, Collins was determined to help those students labeled as “difficult” or “at-risk”. Believing that every student had the potential to learn and succeed, she set out to create a classroom environment that would foster a love of learning, a sense of discipline, and a belief in oneself. Collins first established a rigorous academic curriculum that would challenge her students to reach their full potential. She taught her students traditional subjects and also emphasized critical thinking, problem solving, and creativity. Her teaching methods were highly effective, and students soon began to show remarkable progress. But Collins’ greatest achievement was the founding of the Westside Prep School, which she started in 1975. The school provided a safe and nurturing environment where students could thrive academically and socially and therefore it was considered as the “haven for learning”. At the Prep School, Collin's stressed the importance of discipline and hard work. She expected her students to arrive on time, in uniform, and ready to learn, and she installed in them a sense of responsibility and accountability. Collins also emphasized the importance of building relationships between teachers and students. She believed that strong relationships were the foundation of effective teaching, and she encouraged her teachers to personalize their instruction based on the students’ individual differences. Under her leadership, the Prep School became known for its high academic standards and its ability to help struggling students. Many of the school’s graduates went on to attend top colleges and universities, and some went on to become leaders in their fields. Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators around the world. Today, her legacy lives on. Her emphasis on discipline, hard work, and relationships continues to be a model for effective teaching, and her belief in the potential of every student continues to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of the at-risk students. 1．What challenges did Collins face as a new teacher? 2．Why was the Prep School considered the “haven for learning”? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To achieve effective teaching, Collins encouraged her teachers to build strong relationships with the students and teach them as a whole. 4．Which one of Collin’s teaching beliefs impresses you most? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Low academic standards and misbehavior of the students. 2．Because the school provided a safe and nurturing environment where students could thrive academically and socially. 3．To achieve effective teaching, Collins encouraged her teachers to build strong relationships with the students and teach them as a whole. Because Collins encouraged her teachers to personalize their instruction based on the students’ individual differences. 4．Collins’ emphasis on discipline and diligence impresses me most. It teaches me that success doesn’t come easily but is built on dedication and personal efforts. This belief is crucial in real life, as it shapes character and paves the way for one’s goals. 【导语】本文属于记叙文，主要讲述了Marva Collins作为一名教师的生涯，她的教育理念，以及她创立Westside Prep School的过程和成就。文章通过叙述她的教学实践、成就和影响，展现了她对教育的贡献和她作为教育者的形象。 1．考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“At the time, the school was troubled by low academic standards and misbehavior of the students. Despite these challenges. Collins was determined to help those students labeled as “difficult” or “at-risk”.  (当时，学校受到学术标准低下和学生行为不端的困扰。尽管有这些挑战。柯林斯决心帮助那些被贴上“困难”或“有风险”标签的学生。)”可知，柯林斯作为新教师面临的挑战包括学术水平低，学生行为不端的问题。故答案为：Low academic standards and misbehavior of the students. 2．考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“The school provided a safe and nurturing environment where students could thrive academically and socially and therefore it was considered as the “haven for learning”. (学校为学生提供了一个安全、有教养的学习环境，学生可以在学业和社交方面茁壮成长，因此被认为是“学习的天堂”。)”可知，Prep School被认为是“学习的天堂”是因为它为学生提供了安全和培养的环境，使他们在学业和社会交往上都能茁壮成长。故答案为：Because the school provided a safe and nurturing environment where students could thrive academically and socially. 3．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“She believed that strong relationships were the foundation of effective teaching, are she encouraged her teachers to personalize their instruction based on the students’ individual differences.(她相信牢固的人际关系是有效教学的基础，因此她鼓励老师根据学生的个体差异进行个性化教学。)”可知，柯林斯实际上鼓励教师根据学生的个体差异个性化教学，而不是将学生视为一个没有差异的整体。该陈述：“为了实现有效教学，柯林斯鼓励她的教师与学生建立牢固的关系，并将他们作为一个整体来教学。”中错误的部分是“并将其作为一个整体来教学”，故答案为：To achieve effective teaching, Collins encouraged her teachers to build strong relationships with the students and teach them as a whole. Because Collins encouraged her teachers to personalize their instruction based on the students’ individual differences. 4．开放性问题。Collins对纪律和勤奋的强调给我留下了最深刻的印象。它告诉我，成功来之不易，而是建立在奉献精神和个人努力之上的。这种信念在现实生活中至关重要，因为它塑造了性格，为实现目标铺平了道路。故答案为：Collins’ emphasis on discipline and diligence impresses me most. It teaches me that success doesn’t come easily but is built on dedication and personal efforts. This belief is crucial in real life, as it shapes character and paves the way for one’s goals. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·北京海淀·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Everyone feels stressed from time to time. But what is stress? How does it affect your health? And what can you do about it? Stress is how the brain and body respond to any demand. Every type of demand or stressor — such as exercise, work, school, or major life changes — can be stressful. Stress can affect your health. Yet not all stress is bad. Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform, like when they need to take a test or interview for a new job. Stress can even be life-saving in some situations. In response to danger, your pulse quickens, you breathe faster, your muscles tense, your brain uses more oxygen and increases activity — all functions aimed at survival. However, health problems can occur if the stress response goes on for too long or becomes chronic (长期的). With chronic stress, those same life-saving responses in your body can suppress (抑制) immune, digestive, sleep, and reproductive systems, which may cause them to stop working normally. Some people may experience digestive symptoms (症状), while others may have headaches, sleeplessness, sadness or anger. The following are some tips that may help you cope with stress: ●Recognize the Signs of your body’s response to stress, such as difficulty sleeping, being easily angered, feeling depressed, or having low energy. ●Get Regular Exercise. Just 30 minutes per day of walking can help improve your mood and reduce stress. ●Try a Relaxing Activity. Explore stress coping programs, which may include meditation, yoga, tai chi, or other gentle exercises. For some stress-related conditions, these approaches are used in addition to other forms of treatment. Schedule fixed times for these and other healthy and relaxing activities. ●Set Goals and Priorities (首要事情). Decide what must get done and what can wait, and learn to say no to new tasks if they are putting you into overload. Note what you have finished at the end of the day, not what you have been unable to do. ●Stay Connected with people who can provide emotional and other support. To reduce stress, ask for help from friends, teachers or family members. If you’re stressed out and can not function well, do ask for professional help. 1．According to the passage, what are the causes of stress? 2．What are the benefits of stress? 3．If people suffer from stress for a very long time, what physical symptoms might they experience? 4．Suppose your friend Jim will take an important exam in a few days, and he feels quite stressed right now. Please give him one piece of advice on relieving stress, and explain why. （In about 20-30 words.） 【答案】1．According to the passage, stress can be caused by various demands or stressors, including exercise, work, school, and major life changes. 2．Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform better, such as when preparing for a test or a job interview. It can also be life-saving in dangerous situations by triggering a fight-or-flight response. 3．If people suffer from chronic stress, they might experience digestive issues, headaches, sleeplessness, sadness, or anger. 4．Jim, try to get regular exercise, even just a 30-minute walk daily. Physical activity can boost your mood and reduce stress, helping you feel more relaxed and focused before the exam. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了压力的定义、影响、益处及应对压力的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Stress is how the brain and body respond to any demand. Every type of demand or stressor — such as exercise, work, school, or major life changes—can be stressful.(压力是大脑和身体对任何需求的反应。每种类型的需求或压力源，如锻炼、工作、学校或重大的生活变化，都可能带来压力)”可知，压力可能是由各种需求或压力源引起的，包括运动、工作、学校和重大的生活变化。故答案为According to the passage, stress can be caused by various demands or stressors, including exercise, work, school, and major life changes. 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform, like when they need to take a test or interview for a new job. Stress can even be life-saving in some situations. In response to danger, your pulse quickens, you breathe faster, your muscles tense, your brain uses more oxygen and increases activity — all functions aimed at survival.(压力可以激励人们做好准备或表现，比如当他们需要参加新工作的考试或面试时。在某些情况下，压力甚至可以挽救生命。为了应对危险，你的脉搏加快，呼吸加快，肌肉紧张，大脑消耗更多的氧气并增加活动——所有这些功能都是为了生存)”可知，压力可以激励人们做好准备或表现得更好，比如在准备考试或面试时。在危险情况下，它也可以通过引发战斗或逃跑反应来挽救生命。故答案为Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform better, such as when preparing for a test or a job interview. It can also be life-saving in dangerous situations by triggering a fight-or-flight response. 3．细节理解题。根据第三段的“With chronic stress, those same life-saving responses in your body can suppress (抑制) immune, digestive, sleep, and reproductive systems, which may cause them to stop working normally. Some people may experience digestive symptoms (症状), while others may have headaches, sleeplessness, sadness or anger.(在慢性压力下，你体内的这些救生反应会抑制免疫、消化、睡眠和生殖系统，这可能会导致它们停止正常工作。有些人可能会出现消化系统症状，而另一些人可能会头痛、失眠、悲伤或愤怒)”可知，如果人们患有慢性压力，他们可能会出现消化问题、头痛、失眠、悲伤或愤怒。故答案为If people suffer from chronic stress, they might experience digestive issues, headaches, sleeplessness, sadness, or anger. 4．开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。题目为“假设你的朋友吉姆几天后要参加一场重要的考试，他现在感到压力很大。请给他一条缓解压力的建议，并解释原因。”所以建议为“吉姆，试着定期锻炼，比如每天散步30分钟；它可以改善你的情绪，减轻压力，帮助你更好地专注于考试准备”。故答案为Jim, try to get regular exercise, even just a 30-minute walk daily. Physical activity can boost your mood and reduce stress, helping you feel more relaxed and focused before the exam. Passage 5 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways. Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th birthday. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug. “He won’t brag (夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches (接近) him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration. Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.” 1．Why did 800 students line the hallways with handmade cards? 2．Why did the writer quote (引用) the words from Lori Gilreath in the fourth paragraph? 3．Who is the sunshine in your life? In what ways does he or she affect (影响) you? (About 40 words) 【答案】1．Because it was Mabry’s 80th birthday. Because they wanted to celebrate the 80th birthday for Mabry. 2．The writer used the sentences from Lori Gilreath to tell us the reason why Mabry was loved by so many students at the school. 3．My teacher is the sunshine in my life, because she always comforts me when I feel frustrated in learning. She has brought warmth to my life especially when I meet difficulties. Without her encouragement, I could not pull through the hard times in my life. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是近800名学生为在学校当了13年管理员Haze Mabry庆祝80岁生日的故事。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th birthday. (上周五，当他到达学校后，他发现近800名学生站在走廊两旁，拿着手工制作的卡片，吹着哨子，大声为他唱生日快乐。那天是他80岁生日。)”可知，上周五是Mabry 80岁的生日，所以800名学生在走廊两旁给他唱生日快乐歌，由此可知，800名学生站在走廊两旁是为Mabry庆祝生日。故答案为Because it was Mabry’s 80th birthday./Because they wanted to celebrate the 80th birthday for Mabry.。 2．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的““He won’t brag (夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches (接近) him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. (“他不会自吹自擂，但不管他在做什么或在哪里，如果孩子有糟糕的一天，他总是会停下来照顾孩子。如果一个孩子接近他，他会停下来给那个孩子他的全部注意力。他是这栋楼里最受爱戴的人，”阅读老师洛里·吉尔瑞斯（Lori Gilreath）说。)”可知，阅读老师洛里·吉尔瑞斯认为Mabry从不自夸，他热爱帮助孩子们，是这栋楼里最受爱戴的人，结合全文中介绍的Mabry在学校帮助学生的一些事迹可推断，作者引用阅读老师洛里·吉尔瑞斯的话是为了说明Mabry这么受学生爱戴的原因。故答案为The writer used the sentences from Lori Gilreath to tell us the reason why Mabry was loved by so many students at the school.。 3．开放性题目。题目问的是“谁是你生命中的阳光？他或她以什么方式影响你？”，在我看来，我的老师是我生命中的阳光，因为当我在学习中感到沮丧时，她总是安慰我。她给我的生活带来了温暖，尤其是当我遇到困难的时候。没有她的鼓励，我不可能度过人生中的困难时期。故答案为My teacher is the sunshine in my life, because she always comforts me when I feel frustrated in learning. She has brought warmth to my life especially when I meet difficulties. Without her encouragement, I could not pull through the hard times in my life.。 Passage 6 （24-25高一上·北京密云·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 There is a saying, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Although eating properly is important, being kind to others is also good for your health. Recent studies show that people who do kind acts are more relaxed, happier, and healthier than other people. In one study at Arizona State University, researchers found that many volunteers experienced a sudden feeling of joy, followed by a long period of calmness, after doing a kind act. This feeling, called “a helper’s high”, may actually help reduce stress as the body produces natural painkillers. Stress can cause serious health problems. It can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease, and it can also lead to overeating and sleeping problems. However, the study found that volunteers had fewer stress-related health problems when they did helpful things for other people. The study also found that people who did nice things for others felt better about themselves as well. They had higher self-respect, and were happier. Many believe this is because volunteers spend more of their time with other people. People who are more outgoing are often healthier. Another study at the University of Michigan’s Survey Research Center confirmed the health benefits of volunteering. A ten-year study of 2,700 men in Michigan showed that people who volunteered lived longer than those who didn’t. Although you shouldn’t need a reason to be helpful, it is nice to know that kindness may help you live longer. 1．According to Paragraph 1, what do recent studies show? 2．According to the passage, what serious health problems can stress cause? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems, felt better about others and respected others more. 4．Besides the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of volunteering? Why? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Recent studies show that those who are ready to help others are happier and healthier. 2．Stress can not only lead to/contribute to/cause high blood pressure and heart disease, but it also relates to overeating and sleeping problems. 3．When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems, felt better about others and respected others more. Because the study also found that people willing to help others out felt better about themselves and develop higher self-respect. 4．Volunteering builds up your social skills. While volunteering, you can meet people of different personalities. You must constantly adjust and update your social skills to get tasks done. Through these experiences, you can truly understand to how to work with anyone. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论证了善意行为对人们健康的好处。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段内容“Recent studies show that people who do kind acts are more relaxed, happier, and healthier than other people. (近期的一些研究表明，乐善好施的人往往生活更惬意、更快乐并且更健康)”可知，经常乐于助人的人生活更安乐，身体也更健康。故答案为Recent studies show that those who are ready to help others are happier and healthier. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“It can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease, and it can also lead to overeating and sleeping problems. (压力可能导致高血压、心脏病。它是暴饮暴食和睡眠问题的诱因)”可知，压力可能导致心脏病、高血压，同时也会诱发过度肥胖及睡眠方面的亚健康状态，故答案为Stress can not only lead to/contribute to/cause high blood pressure and heart disease, but it also relates to overeating and sleeping problems。 3．考查细节理解。When volunteers did helpful things for other people, they had fewer stress-related health problems, felt better about others and respected others more.根据第四段“The study also found that people who did nice things for others felt better about themselves as well. They had higher self-respect, and were happier. (该项研究还发现，乐于助人的人往往自我满意度更高，而且自尊心更强，更健康)”可知，乐于助人的人通过志愿服务，能够培养更健康的心理，向内修行，更懂得自尊再爱，且自我感觉更好。故答案为Because the study also found that people willing to help others out felt better about themselves and develop higher self-respect。 4．开放性试题。Volunteering builds up your social skills. While volunteering, you can meet people of different personalities. You must constantly adjust and update your social skills to get tasks done. Through these experiences, you can truly understand to how to work with anyone. Passage7 （24-25高一上·北京通州·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题，请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I was never very neat (整洁的), while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming (尖叫), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling (大喊). She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing (抽噎). Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching in surprise. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 1．What made Kate so angry one evening? 2．What was the key to living together that the writer and Kate learned? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 4．What can getting along well with each other bring us? ( In about 40 words ) 【答案】1．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 2．The key to living together that the writer and Kate learned was giving in, cleaning up, and holding on. 3．The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. The writer tidied up the room out of sympathy for Kate, who was upset about her grandma being seriously ill, not because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 4．Getting along well with each other can bring us harmony, mutual support, and a sense of belonging, making our lives more pleasant and fulfilling. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者与其室友凯特之间从不和到和解的故事。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Soon, I heard her screaming (尖叫), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!”(很快，我听到她尖叫道：“把你的鞋子拿走！为什么在我床底下！”)”可知，让凯特如此生气的是她看见作者的鞋在她的床下，故答案为She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 2．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.(我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：让步、清理和坚持。)”可知，作者和凯特学到的共同生活的关键是让步，清理和坚持。故答案为The key to living together that the writer and Kate learned was giving in, cleaning up, and holding on. 3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill.(从她谈话的结尾，我马上就能看出她奶奶病得很重。)”，“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart.(突然，一种温暖的同情之情在我心中升起。)”和第四段“Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side.(我慢慢地收起铅笔，拿回书本，铺好床，洗干净袜子，还打扫了地板，就连她那边也打扫了。)”可知，凯特因为奶奶病得很重而心烦意乱，作者出于对凯特的同情而打扫了房间，并不是因为害怕凯特的愤怒。故答案为The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. The writer tidied up the room out of sympathy for Kate, who was upset about her grandma being seriously ill, not because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 4．考查推理判断。根据全文内容及个人理解，我认为彼此相处融洽可以给我们带来和谐，相互支持和归属感，使我们的生活更加愉快和充实。故答案为Getting along well with each other can bring us harmony, mutual support, and a sense of belonging, making our lives more pleasant and fulfilling. Passage 8 （24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When you leave school, you can breathe a sigh of relief and leave learning behind, right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp. An English idiom says, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.” But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs, too. With so much available, there is no excuse not to learn! Learning is a habit Don’t leave it behind after you leave school. On the website lifehack.org, author Scott Young mentions several things to help you Always have a book. It doesn’t matter if you read fast or slow. Just read. If you read just one book a week, you’ll read 52 over the course of a year. Think of the knowledge you’ll gain! Practice it. As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it! Make a “to learn” list. Compose a “to learn” list for yourself. Maybe you want to speak better English, play the piano, or cook French food. Whatever interests you, put it on your list and then make the time to do it. Teach others. Whatever you learn, teach someone else. You’ll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned. 1．Who is this article written for? 2．Why should older people learn? 3．How many ways of learning are mentioned for adults in the US? What are they? 4．Please share a good study habit that has worked well for you. 【答案】1．This article is written for adults, especially older people, to encourage them to continue lifelong learning. 2．Older people should learn to keep their brains active and healthy, as it helps improve cognitive functions and combats the decline associated with aging. 3．There are several ways of learning mentioned for adults in the US: attending One Day University lectures, accessing online university courses, and participating in library learning programs. 4．A study habit that has worked well for me is setting specific goals and breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable parts. This approach helps me stay organized and motivated, allowing me to track progress and achieve learning objectives efficiently. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了终身学习的重要性及方法。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp. (学习应该贯穿一生。你锻炼身体以保持强壮，也应该锻炼大脑以保持敏锐)”，以及第二段中“Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. (老年人可以学习，并且他们应该学习以保持大脑活跃。现在美国的几个州出现了一种新的趋势，鼓励学习。成人可以参加一天大学)”可知，文章是写给成人的，特别是老年人。故答案为This article is written for adults, especially older people, to encourage them to continue lifelong learning。 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. (但是科学家们发现，年龄大了就不能学习的观点是不正确的。老年人可以学习，而且他们应该学习以保持大脑活跃)”可知，年长的人需要学习以保持头脑活跃。故答案为Older people should learn to keep their brains active and healthy, as it helps improve cognitive functions and combats the decline associated with aging。 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs, too. (成年人都可以参加一天大学。他们可以在周六或周日听四场每场70分钟的讲座，每一场都由顶尖大学的教授主讲。一位最初的参与者说：“这就像为大脑提供了一个健康俱乐部。”此外，像麻省理工学院这样的大学已经将所有的课程和讲座免费在线提供！图书馆也提供了学习项目)”可知，文章提供了三种可参加的学习方式：一天大学，在线访问MIT等大学的免费课程和图书馆学习项目。故答案为There are several ways of learning mentioned for adults in the US: attending One Day University lectures, accessing online university courses, and participating in library learning programs。 4．开放性题目。此题要求回答会如何利用这一发现，答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：一个对我非常有效的学习习惯是设定具体的目标，并将任务分解成更小、更易管理的部分。这种方法帮助我保持有条理和动力，使我能够跟踪进度并高效地实现学习目标。故答案为A study habit that has worked well for me is setting specific goals and breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable parts. This approach helps me stay organized and motivated, allowing me to track progress and achieve learning objectives efficiently。 Passage 9 （23-24高一上·北京朝阳·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 1．What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? 2．Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. 4．What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 2．The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 3．When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 4．I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今，人们花在工作上的时间越来越多。然而，休息一段时间对恢复精神很重要。如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.”（如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。）可知，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森商学院的研究表明了把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。故答案为Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.”（度假的方式可能会产生奇迹的原因是：度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。）可知，度假方式会产生奇迹是因为度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。故答案为The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.”（研究人员控制了两组人可以花的钱。度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。）可知，When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group.（当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假组比另一组更不快乐。）这项陈述中，“度假组比另一组更不快乐”这句话是错误的。正确的表述应为：当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。故答案为When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 4．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及倒数第二段中““We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School.”（加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院(UCLA Anderson School)教授凯西·霍姆斯(Cassie Holmes)说：“我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，把周末当成假期，这让我们摆脱了连续不断的‘做’模式。”）以及题干的要求“你会怎么做才能在周末进入度假心态呢？并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我会把周末当成假期，这让我从心理上摆脱了连续不断的工作模式。因为我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，这可能会让我们感到紧张和有压力。故答案为I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. Passage 10 （23-24高一上·北京石景山·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 People from different generations often live and work together. Sometimes they’re happy being together, other times they’re not. One of the reasons for their unhappiness maybe a generation gap. A generation gap is the difference between two or more generations—not the differences between their years but the differences between the generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. Of course, people can have differences and still be happy together, but according to the experts, communication between the generations helps everyone get along. Good communication between the generations starts in the family. These days many families are changing their communication style. They are moving from a “one-way” style to a “two-way” style of communication. To show this change, let’s compare two families: The Smith family uses the “one-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Smith show interest in their children, but they don’t discuss problems of feelings. The parents make all the rules and decisions. They don’t ask for their children’s opinions. They explain their decisions to their children, but they don’t discuss them. The explanation is clear and the children understand. The communication goes one way: from the parents to the children. The Jones family uses the “two-way” style of communication. Mr. and Mrs. Jones show interest in their children and ask for their opinions. They discuss problems and express their feelings. The family makes rules and decisions together after a discussion. The communication goes two ways: from parents to children and from children to parents. Better communication between generations at home means better communication between generations at work and in the community. When people from different generations understand each other better, they learn from each other more. This helps them form stronger bonds, work together more easily. As a result, people of all ages can team up effectively and come up with new ideas in different parts of life. 1．What is a generation gap? 2．Where does good communication between the generations begin? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication. 4．To bridge the generation gaps, what other suggestions would you make besides better communication? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．A generation gap is the differences between two or more generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. 2．In the family 3．If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication.把one-way改为two-way。因为更好的家庭沟通方式是“双向”交流方式。 4．In order to bridge the generation gap, in addition to better communication, we can also continuously learn from each other, discover their strengths, give timely praise, and let them experience your care and appreciation. 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍家庭交流可以有效缩小代沟。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A generation gap is the difference between two or more generations—not the differences between their years but the differences between the generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. (代沟是指两代或两代以上人之间的差异——不是他们年龄之间的差异，而是几代人的想法、态度和兴趣之间的差异。)”可知，代沟是指两代或两代以上人之间的想法、态度和兴趣之间的差异。故填A generation gap is the differences between two or more generations’ ideas, attitudes, and interests. 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Good communication between the generations starts in the family. (几代人之间的良好沟通始于家庭。)”可知，几代人之间的良好沟通始于家庭。故填In the family。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Good communication between the generations starts in the family. These days many families are changing their communication style. They are moving from a “one-way” style to a “two-way” style of communication. (几代人之间的良好沟通始于家庭。如今，许多家庭正在改变他们的沟通方式。他们正在从“单向”交流方式转变为“双向”交流方式。)”可知，更好的家庭沟通方式是“双向”交流方式。If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication.把one-way改为two-way。故答案为If Jack’ parents discuss with him where to spend their summer vacation, they use the “one-way” style of communication.把one-way改为two-way。 4．开放性试题。为了弥补代沟，除了更好的沟通之外，我们还可以从对方身上不断地学习，学习并发现对方的优点，及时给与表扬，让对方体会到你的关心和欣赏。故答案为In order to bridge the generation gap, in addition to better communication, we can also continuously learn from each other, discover their strengths, give timely praise, and let them experience your care and appreciation. Passage 11 （22-23高一上·北京平谷·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Never Too Old to Shine When Wang Deshun showed on the stage as a male model in his late 70s, many thought he had reached his apex (顶点). However, the 85-year-old showed them he's still flying. The white-bearded Wang took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021. During the course of the flight, he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake flight training in China. His physical stats proved enough to apply for a flight license due to his many years of exercise. At Miyun Airport in Beijing, he was guided by a professional team that made a training plan for him. “I've been dreaming of flying for more than 50 years so I thought I should learn. I thought I could do this," Wang said. This is not the first time Wang has wowed (使喝彩) his fellow Chinese citizens. Born in a rural family in Shengyang，Liaoning Province in 1936, Wang started to work as a bus conductor and then a factory worker. In 1960, he became a stage actor and appeared in bit parts in films such as Brave Journey to Northeast and Miss Granny. Wang continued to challenge himself throughout his life. At 44 he learned English, and at 50 he began fitness training. He learnt to ride a horse at 65, to ride a motorcycle at 78, and hit the catwalk at 79, when he took part in Beijing Fashion Week and rose to social media fame. Walking down the catwalk completely shirtless, he wowed audiences and was nicknamed "China's hottest grandpa". "It's never too old to have your dream," he said. "Age has never been a problem. Just do it." 1．What did Wang Deshun do on Aug 17, 2021? 2．What was Wang's first job in his life? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Wang challenged himself throughout his life, for he was nicknamed "China's hottest grandpa". 4．Have you ever challenged yourself? Please give an example. (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．(1) He took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021. (2) He took flight in Beijing Miyun District. (3) He took flight./He flew a plane. (4) The white-bearded Wang took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW 100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021. During the course of the flight, he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake flight training in China. (5) During the course of the flight, he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake flight training in China. 2．(1) Wang started his career as a bus conductor. (2) His first job was a bus conductor. (3) A bus conductor. (4) Wang started his career as a bus conductor and then a factory worker. (5) His first job was a factory worker. 3．(1) According to the text. Wang Deshun challenged himself throughout his life because he believed the words "It's never too old to have your dream." and "Age has never been a problem. Just do it." (2) Wang Deshun challenged himself throughout his life because he had a dream/dreams. 4．Open 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位85岁的老人一生都在超越自我的励志事迹。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The white-bearded Wang took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021.（2021年8月17日，白胡子王德顺乘坐一架SW100轻型飞机在北京密云区飞行。）”可知，2021年8月17日，王德顺在北京乘飞机。故答案为：(1) He took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021. (2) He took flight in Beijing Miyun District. (3) He took flight./He flew a plane. (4) The white-bearded Wang took flight in Beijing Miyun District in a SW 100 light aircraft on Aug 17, 2021. During the course of the flight, he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake flight training in China. (5) During the course of the flight, he completed turns and climbs on his own, becoming the oldest person to undertake flight training in China. 2．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Born in a rural family in Shengyang, Liaoning Province in 1936, Wang started to work as a bus conductor and then a factory worker.（1936年出生在辽宁省沈阳市的一个农村家庭，他先是当过公交车售票员，后来又当过工厂工人。）”可知，王德顺一生中的第一份工作是公交车售票员。故答案为：(1) Wang started his career as a bus conductor. (2) His first job was a bus conductor. (3) A bus conductor. (4) Wang started his career as a bus conductor and then a factory worker. (5) His first job was a factory worker. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“"It's never too old to have your dream," he said. "Age has never been a problem. Just do it."（“梦想永远不会太老，”他说。“年龄从来都不是问题。想做就做”。）”可知，王德顺一生都在挑战自己因为他相信“梦想永远不会太老”和“年龄从来都不是问题”这句话。想做就做”。而非他被称为“中国最帅爷爷”。故答案为：(1) According to the text. Wang Deshun challenged himself throughout his life because he believed the words "It's never too old to have your dream." and "Age has never been a problem. Just do it." (2) Wang Deshun challenged himself throughout his life because he had a dream/dreams. 4．开放题。要求考生谈论自己曾经经历过的挑战，言之有理即可。 Passage 12 （24-25高一上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Nobody likes to feel anxious. Anxiety is among the most common and criticized of human emotions. Studies show that over 100 million people in the U.S. will suffer from an anxiety disorder in their lifetime. Rates, especially among the young, have been rising for the past decade. It seems, then, that our efforts to contain anxiety aren’t working. As a clinical psychologist and neuroscience researcher, I believe that we mental health professionals have made a terrible mistake. Feeling anxious isn’t the problem. The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good. This “bad” feeling isn’t a failure of mental health. It’s a triumph of human evolution: the ability to think about the uncertain future and prepare for it. The unpleasant emotion, for example, fear, signals that you may be in danger—from a predator, bully or speeding car—and readies your body and mind to fight or take flight. Anxiety, by contrast, has nothing to do with present threats. Instead, it turns you into a mental time traveler, drawing your attention to what lies ahead. Will you succeed or fail in that interview for a job you desperately want? Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focused, prepared to pursue your goals. Research has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher levels of dopamine (多巴胺) when we’re anxious. We have long known that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable and also in anticipation of rewards. The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making positive possibilities into reality. Many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety and don’t see any benefit from it. We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. But treating anxiety like a disease prevents us from distinguishing between ordinary anxiety and anxiety disorders. We need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion. Anxiety can’t do its job unless it makes us uncomfortable, forcing us to sit up and pay attention. We don’t need to like anxiety—just to use it in the right way. 1．Why is it increasingly hard for us to know how to feel good? 2．How does anxiety help one in a job interview? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious. 4．How do you cope with anxiety positively in your daily life? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．Because we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. 2．It prompts one’s mind and body into action and it helps him/her to stay sharp and focused in the interview, prepared to pursue his/her goals. 3．Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious. Because dopamine is in higher levels when we are anxious. 4．版本一：We should develop a good mindset about this misunderstood emotion and try to use it in the right way in our daily life, which can help us get rid of it gradually.版本二： I’m usually anxious about the tons of work ahead. To deal with it, I make a checklist of the tasks in order of priority. Whenever I finish one, I’ll tick it off. In this way, anxiety pushes me forward and I translate it into productivity. 【导语】本文是篇说明文。焦虑已成为现在社会普遍存在的一种现象，人们将它视为糟糕的情绪。文章讲述了焦虑形成的原因、优缺点及如何应对焦虑的方法。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good. ”（问题是我们不知道如何建设性地应对焦虑。这就是为什么越来越难知道如何感觉良好。）可知，我们越来越不知道怎样感到快乐的原因是我们不知道如何建设性地去应对焦虑。故答案为：Because we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. 2．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focused, prepared to pursue your goals.”（焦虑促使你的思想和身体付诸行动。你的担忧迫使你为面试做了充分的准备，你会心跳加速、大脑充血，这样你就会保持敏锐和专注，为达成目标做好充分准备。）可知，焦虑会促使人的思想和身体付诸行动，帮助他/她在面试中保持敏锐和专注、实现目标。故答案为：It prompts one’s mind and body into action and it helps him/her to stay sharp and focused in the interview, prepared to pursue his/her goals. 3．考查细节理解。根据第五段“Research has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher levels of dopamine (多巴胺) when we’re anxious.”（研究也显示了某些科学家们没想到的结果：当我们焦虑时，多巴胺水平更高。）可知，“but it is in lower levels when we are anxious”这一部分是错误的，按题目要求划线；原因就是根据文章的描述，研究所得结果是：当我们焦虑时，多巴胺水平更高。故答案为：Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious. Because dopamine is in higher levels when we are anxious. 4．考查开放答题。根据最后一段“We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. ”（我们要相信最后的应对办法就是摆脱它。）和“We need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion.”（我们需要对这种让人误解的情绪有一个新的心态。）及“We don’t need to like anxiety—just to use it in the right way.”（我们不需要喜欢焦虑——只是用正确的方式使用它。）可以推测，在日常生活中，我们应该有一个良好的心态来看待焦虑，正确使用它，争取逐渐摆脱它。故答案为：We should develop a good mindset about this misunderstood emotion and try to use it in the right way in our daily life, which can help us get rid of it gradually. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $