11中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选-长杆入城-2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

中国寓言故事英语阅读语篇精选——用英语说中国故事 The Long Pole Entering the City （长杆入城） During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a young man in the State of Lu. One day, he wanted to enter the city with a long bamboo pole. However, no matter how he tried, he couldn't get in: if he held the pole upright, the city gate wasn't tall enough; if he held it horizontally, the gate wasn't wide enough. What could he do? He stood at the city gate, waving the pole around, racking his brains, but still couldn't think of a good way. He was extremely upset and had no choice but to sit under the city gate, sighing deeply. At this time, an old man with white hair and a long white beard came over. He looked like a very knowledgeable person. He walked slowly towards the young man and gently advised him: “Young man, I'm not a sage, but I've read many books and experienced many things. Seeing you so troubled, let me tell you a good way. Why don't you use a saw to cut the bamboo pole in the middle? Then you can easily get into the city, right?” After saying that, he didn't stay any longer and went into the city by himself. After hearing the old man's advice, the young man from Lu suddenly had an epiphany, as if a light bulb went off in his head. He hurried home to get a saw, cut the pole in half, and sure enough, he could enter the city easily. However, his pole was no longer the complete long pole it used to be. Moral The man with the long pole is certainly foolish and ridiculous, but even more foolish and ridiculous is that old man who thought he was smart and liked to act as a teacher to others. “Liking to be a teacher to others” (好为人师) refers to people who enjoy being someone else's teacher. It describes those who are not humble and like to take on the role of an instructor. 全文翻译 长竿入城 春秋时期，鲁国有一个年轻人。一天，他想带着一根长竹竿进城。然而，无论他怎么尝试，他都进不去：如果他把竿子竖着拿，城门不够高；如果他把竿子横着拿，城门又不够宽。他能怎么办呢？他站在城门口，挥舞着竿子，绞尽脑汁，但还是想不出一个好办法。他非常沮丧，别无选择，只好坐在城门下，深深地叹气。 这时，一位白发白须的老人走了过来。他看起来像个很有学问的人。他慢慢地走向年轻人，轻声建议道："年轻人，我不是圣人，但我读过很多书，经历过很多事。看你如此烦恼，让我告诉你一个好办法。你为什么不拿锯子把竹竿从中间锯断呢？这样你就能轻松进城了，对吧？"说完，他也没多停留，自己进城去了。 听完老人的建议，这个鲁国的年轻人恍然大悟，仿佛脑子里灯泡一亮。他急忙回家拿了把锯子，把竿子锯成两半，果然，他能轻松地进城了。然而，他的竿子也不再是原来那根完整的长竿了。 寓意： 持长竿的人固然愚蠢可笑，但更愚蠢可笑的是那个自以为聪明、喜欢充当别人老师的老头。"喜欢为人师"指的是那些喜欢当别人老师的人。它形容那些不谦虚、喜欢扮演指导者角色的人。 逐句解析与高频语块 1. 原文: During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a young man in the State of Lu. 翻译： 春秋时期，鲁国有一个年轻人。 生词与语块： the Spring and Autumn Period: 专有名词，"春秋时期"。 the State of Lu: "鲁国"。 There was...: `There be` 句型，表示"有..."。 造句: There was a small village near the river. (河边曾经有一个小村庄。) 2. 原文: One day, he wanted to enter the city with a long bamboo pole. 翻译： 一天，他想带着一根长竹竿进城。 生词与语块： bamboo pole: "竹竿"。 wanted to enter... with...: `want to do sth.` 结构，"想要做某事"；`with` 表示伴随，"带着..."。 造句: She wanted to go to the park with her friends. (她想和朋友们一起去公园。) 3. 原文: However, no matter how he tried, he couldn’t get in... 翻译： 然而，无论他怎么尝试，他都进不去... 生词与语块： However: (adv.) 然而，表示转折。 no matter how: 固定句式，"无论如何，不管怎样"，引导让步状语从句。 造句: No matter how hard it is, I will never give up. (无论多难，我都不会放弃。) 4. 原文: ...if he held the pole upright, the city gate wasn’t tall enough; if he held it horizontally, the gate wasn’t wide enough. 翻译： ...如果他把竿子竖着拿，城门不够高；如果他把竿子横着拿，城门又不够宽。 生词与语块： upright (adv.) /ˈʌpraɪt/: 垂直地，竖着。 horizontally (adv.) /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntəli/: 水平地，横着。 wasn't... enough: `not + adj. + enough` 结构，"不够..."。 造句: He is not tall enough to reach the shelf. (他不够高，够不到架子。) 5. 原文: What could he do? 翻译： 他能怎么办呢？ 生词与语块： What could he do?: 特殊疑问句，表示无奈或寻求办法，"他能怎么办？" 造句: The computer broke down. What could I do? (电脑坏了。我能怎么办呢？) 6. 原文: He stood at the city gate, waving the pole around, racking his brains, but still couldn’t think of a good way. 翻译： 他站在城门口，挥舞着竿子，绞尽脑汁，但还是想不出一个好办法。 生词与语块： waving the pole around: 现在分词短语作伴随状语。 racking his brains: 固定短语，"绞尽脑汁"。 think of a good way: "想出一个好办法"。 造句: He is racking his brains to solve the math problem. (他正在绞尽脑汁解那道数学题。) 7. 原文: He was extremely upset and had no choice but to sit under the city gate, sighing deeply. 翻译： 他非常沮丧，别无选择，只好坐在城门下，深深地叹气。 生词与语块： extremely (adv.) /ɪkˈstriːmli/: 非常，极其。 upset (adj.) /ʌpˈset/: 沮丧的，烦恼的。 had no choice but to: 固定结构，"别无选择，只能..."。 sighing deeply: 现在分词短语作伴随状语，"深深地叹气"。 造句: I missed the last bus, so I had no choice but to walk home. (我错过了末班车，只好步行回家。) 8. 原文: At this time, an old man with white hair and a long white beard came over. 翻译： 这时，一位白发白须的老人走了过来。 生词与语块： with white hair and a long white beard: 介词短语作后置定语，修饰 `an old man`，"有着白色头发和长长白胡子的"。 造句: The girl with long black hair is my sister. (那个长着黑色长发的女孩是我妹妹。) 9. 原文: He looked like a very knowledgeable person. 翻译： 他看起来像个很有学问的人。 生词与语块： knowledgeable (adj.) /ˈnɒlɪdʒəbl/: 知识渊博的，有学问的。 looked like: "看起来像"。 造句: He looks like a professional athlete. (他看起来像个职业运动员。) 10. 原文: He walked slowly towards the young man and gently advised him... 翻译： 他慢慢地走向年轻人，轻声建议道... 生词与语块： walked towards: "走向..."。 gently (adv.) /ˈdʒentli/: 轻轻地，温柔地。 advised him: `advise sb.`，"建议某人"。 造句: The mother gently woke up her child. (母亲轻轻地叫醒了她的孩子。) 11. 原文: "Young man, I'm not a sage, but I've read many books and experienced many things." 翻译： "年轻人，我不是圣人，但我读过很多书，经历过很多事。" 生词与语块： sage (n.) /seɪdʒ/: 圣人，智者。 experienced (v.) /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/: 经历 (experience的过去分词)。 造句: She has experienced many difficulties in her life. (她一生经历了许多困难。) 12. 原文: "Seeing you so troubled, let me tell you a good way." 翻译： "看你如此烦恼，让我告诉你一个好办法。" 生词与语块： troubled (adj.) /ˈtrʌbld/: 烦恼的，困扰的。 Seeing you so troubled: 现在分词短语作原因状语。 let me tell you: `let sb. do sth.` 结构，"让某人做某事"。 造句: Hearing the good news, she jumped with joy. (听到这个好消息，她高兴得跳了起来。) 13. 原文: "Why don't you use a saw to cut the bamboo pole in the middle?" 翻译： "你为什么不拿锯子把竹竿从中间锯断呢？" 生词与语块： saw (n.) /sɔː/: 锯子。 Why don't you...?: 固定句式，用于提出建议，"你为什么不...呢？" use... to do...: "用...来做..."。 造句: Why don't you ask the teacher for help? (你为什么不向老师求助呢？) 14. 原文: "Then you can easily get into the city, right?" 翻译： "这样你就能轻松进城了，对吧？" 生词与语块： easily (adv.) /ˈiːzəli/: 容易地，轻松地。 ..., right?: 反意疑问句，用于寻求确认，"..., 对吧？" 造句: You like coffee, right? (你喜欢咖啡，对吧？) 15. 原文: After saying that, he didn't stay any longer and went into the city by himself. 翻译： 说完，他也没多停留，自己进城去了。 生词与语块： After saying that: `After doing...` 结构，"在...之后"。 didn't stay any longer: "不再停留"。 by himself: 固定短语，"他自己"。 造句: He finished the work by himself. (他自己完成了工作。) 16. 原文: After hearing the old man's advice, the young man from Lu suddenly had an epiphany, as if a light bulb went off in his head. 翻译： 听完老人的建议，这个鲁国的年轻人恍然大悟，仿佛脑子里灯泡一亮。 生词与语块： epiphany (n.) /ɪˈpɪfəni/: 顿悟，恍然大悟。 as if: 引导方式状语从句，"仿佛，好像"。 a light bulb went off in his head: 英语习语，形象地表示"突然想到好主意，恍然大悟"。 造句: When she explained the answer, I had an epiphany. (当她解释答案时，我恍然大悟。) 17. 原文: He hurried home to get a saw, cut the pole in half, and sure enough, he could enter the city easily. 翻译： 他急忙回家拿了把锯子，把竿子锯成两半，果然，他能轻松地进城了。 生词与语块： hurried home: "急忙回家"。 cut... in half: "把...切成两半"。 sure enough: 固定短语，"果然，果真"。 造句: I thought it would rain, and sure enough, it did. (我以为会下雨，果然下了。) 18. 原文: However, his pole was no longer the complete long pole it used to be. 翻译： 然而，他的竿子也不再是原来那根完整的长竿了。 生词与语块： no longer: 固定短语，"不再"。 it used to be: 定语从句，修饰 `pole`，"它过去的样子"。 造句: This city is no longer the quiet place it used to be. (这个城市不再是它过去那个安静的样子了。) 19. 原文: The man with the long pole is certainly foolish and ridiculous, but even more foolish and ridiculous is that old man who thought he was smart and liked to act as a teacher to others. 翻译： 持长竿的人固然愚蠢可笑，但更愚蠢可笑的是那个自以为聪明、喜欢充当别人老师的老头。 生词与语块： foolish (adj.) /ˈfuːlɪʃ/: 愚蠢的。 ridiculous (adj.) /rɪˈdɪkjələs/: 可笑的，荒谬的。 even more... is...: 倒装结构，为了强调"更...的是..."。 who thought... and liked...: `who`引导的定语从句，修饰`that old man`。 造句: Even more surprising is the fact that he succeeded without any help. (更令人惊讶的是他没有任何帮助就成功了。) 20. 原文: "Liking to be a teacher to others" (好为人师) refers to people who enjoy being someone else’s teacher. 翻译： "喜欢为人师"指的是那些喜欢当别人老师的人。 生词与语块： refers to: 短语动词，"指的是"。 enjoy doing sth.: "喜欢做某事"。 造句: The word "friend" refers to someone you like and trust. ("朋友"这个词指的是你喜欢和信任的人。) 21. 原文: It describes those who are not humble and like to take on the role of an instructor. 翻译： 它形容那些不谦虚、喜欢扮演指导者角色的人。 生词与语块： humble (adj.) /ˈhʌmbl/: 谦虚的。 instructor (n.) /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/: 指导者，教师。 take on the role of: 固定搭配，"承担...的角色，扮演...的角色"。 造句: She took on the role of team leader. (她承担了团队领导的角色。) 《The Long Pole Entering the City》练习 一、词汇匹配 (Vocabulary Matching) (10分) 请将左列的单词与右列正确的中文意思连接起来。 1. bamboo • • A. 垂直地 2. upright • • B. 水平地 3. horizontally • • C. 锯子 4. upset • • D. 竹 5. sigh • • E. 圣人 6. sage • • F. 沮丧的 7. saw • • G. 知识渊博的 8. knowledgeable • • H. 顿悟 9. epiphany • • I. 愚蠢的 10. foolish • • J. 叹气 二、短语填空 (Phrase Filling) (10分) 请用方框中短语的适当形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。 `no matter how, tall enough, had no choice but to, look like, Why don't you, use... to..., by himself, sure enough, no longer, refers to` 1. ______________ hard he tried, he couldn't solve the problem. 2. The bookshelf is not ______________ for this tall book. 3. The shop was closed, so we ______________ go back home. 4. That cloud ______________ a dragon. 5. ______________ ask the teacher for help? 6. You can ______________ this tool ______________ fix the machine. 7. The little boy finished the puzzle ______________. 8. I thought he would come, and ______________, he arrived at 8 o'clock. 9. He is ______________ a student; he graduated last year. 10. The word "biology" ______________ the study of living things. 三、单项选择 (Multiple Choice) (10分) 1. Where was the young man from? A. The State of Lu. B. The State of Qin. C. The State of Chu. 2. What was the young man's problem? A. He couldn't find the city gate. B. He couldn't enter the city with his long pole. C. He lost his money. 3. Why couldn't he enter the city by holding the pole upright? A. Because the gate wasn't wide enough. B. Because the gate wasn't tall enough. C. Because the pole was too heavy. 4. Why couldn't he enter the city by holding the pole horizontally? A. Because the gate wasn't tall enough. B. Because the gate wasn't wide enough. C. Because the pole was too slippery. 5. What did the old man look like? A. A very strong person. B. A very knowledgeable person. C. A very rich person. 6. What was the old man's suggestion? A. To find another gate. B. To throw the pole away. C. To cut the pole in half with a saw. 7. How did the young man feel after hearing the advice? A. He had an epiphany. B. He became more upset. C. He didn't understand. 8. What was the result of following the old man's advice? A. He entered the city easily with a broken pole. B. He still couldn't enter the city. C. He found a new way to enter the city without cutting the pole. 9. According to the moral, who is more foolish? A. The young man. B. The old man. C. Both are equally foolish. 10. What does "liking to be a teacher to others" describe? A. People who are humble and helpful. B. People who are not humble and like to instruct others. C. People who are real teachers. 四、同义句转换 (Sentence Rewriting) (10分) 请根据括号内的提示，用不同的句式改写句子，保持句意基本不变。 1. He wanted to enter the city with a long bamboo pole. (对划线部分提问) _______________ he want to enter the city? 2. The city gate wasn't tall enough. (改为同义句) The city gate was _______________ tall. 3. He couldn't think of a good way. (改为同义句) He couldn't _______________ a good way. 4. "I am not a sage," the old man said. (改为间接引语) The old man said that _______________ a sage. 5. He had no choice but to sit under the city gate. (用`so`改写句子) He had no choice, _______________ he sat under the city gate. 6. The young man hurried home to get a saw. (对划线部分提问) _______________ the young man hurry home? 7. His pole was no longer complete. (改为同义句) His pole was _______________ complete. 8. The man with the long pole is foolish. (改为感叹句) _______________ foolish the man with the long pole is! 9. This story refers to people who are not humble. (改为被动语态) People who are not humble _______________ by this story. 10. He cut the pole in half. He could enter the city easily. (用`so that`连接句子) He cut the pole in half _______________ he could enter the city easily. 五、句子翻译 (Translation) (10分) 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意使用课文中的核心词汇和表达结构。 1. 年轻人想带着一根长竹竿进城。 _________________________________________________________ 2. 城门不够高，也不够宽。 _________________________________________________________ 3. 他站在城门口，绞尽脑汁。 _________________________________________________________ 4. 他别无选择，只好坐下叹气。 _________________________________________________________ 5. 一位看起来很有学问的老人走了过来。 _________________________________________________________ 6. 你为什么不把竹竿锯成两半呢？ _________________________________________________________ 7. 年轻人恍然大悟。 _________________________________________________________ 8. 他急忙回家拿了一把锯子。 _________________________________________________________ 9. 果然，他轻松地进城了。 _________________________________________________________ 10. 这个故事指的是那些喜欢充当别人老师的人。 _________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、词汇匹配 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. F 5. J 6. E 7. C 8. G 9. H 10. I 二、短语填空 1. No matter how 2. tall enough 3. had no choice but to 4. looks like 5. Why don't you 6. use, to 7. by himself 8. sure enough 9. no longer 10. refers to 三、单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. B 四、同义句转换 1. How did 2. too short 3. come up with 4. he was not 5. so 6. Why did 7. not 8. How 9. are referred to 10. so that 五、句子翻译 (参考答案) 1. The young man wanted to enter the city with a long bamboo pole. 2. The city gate wasn't tall enough or wide enough. 3. He stood at the city gate, racking his brains. 4. He had no choice but to sit down and sigh. 5. An old man who looked very knowledgeable came over. 6. Why don't you cut the bamboo pole in half with a saw? 7. The young man suddenly had an epiphany. 8. He hurried home to get a saw. 9. Sure enough, he entered the city easily. 10. This story refers to people who like to act as teachers to others. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $